The Glazing Guide the Principles of Professional Glazing

The Glazing Guide The principles of professional glazing

Swantje Lunau, Master Glazier Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Eberhard Achenbach

GLUSKE – Produkte die verbinden The Glazing Guide The principles of professional glazing

Published by:

GLUSKE-BKV GmbH Hatzfelder Straße 161-163 42281 Wuppertal, Germany Phone: +49 (0) 2 02 / 270 57-0 Fax: +49 (0) 2 02 / 270 57-255 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.gluske-bkv.de

Authors:

Swantje Lunau, Master Glazer, GLUSKE-BKV GmbH

Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Eberhard Achenbach Independent Expert

Glazing-in is not a small matter 4 The job of the glazing packer and different functions 5 Various glazing packers 6 Glazing-in process 8 Material of the glazing packers 10 Extracts from insulating glass information 12 Stability of the glazing packers 14 Dimensioning and position of the glazing packers 15 Properties and position of the glazing packers 16 Glazing suggestions for flat glass units 18 Mechanical loads on the glazing packer 20 Glued window systems 21 Glazing suggestions for work with self-locating packers 22 Special glazing solutions 24-29 Suggested packers at locking points 30 Security compensating blocks 32 Inclined and overhead glazing 34 Example for glazing-in Georgian-style windows 35 Compensating blocks 36 Fire-protection glazing 37 Additional technical regulations 37 Glazing-in is not a small matter The job of the Different functions glazing packer of the glazing packers

Although we began by asking whether More and more attention has been paid The jobs of the glazing packer can best The glazing packers have various func- it makes „sense“ to write a glazing guide, to the packer over the past few years. be evaluated when installed. tions to fulfill, which is why we believe now after a print run of 50,000 copies The requirements on systems have The following points should be taken that it is important to define their function. and a translation into 6 languages we grown, making a professional installa- into account so that the edge of the have found the answer – it certainly tion and right choice of material indis- glass and composite edge of the in- does make sense! pensable. sulating glass are not overstressed The packer is a small but important Nowadays, nobody can manage with during glazing-in, thus avoiding any 1. Support packers factor in the professional installation of just one packer material, one packer glass breakage: Transfer the weight of the glazing unit to glass. It ensures both the function of width and one packer thickness. Diffe- the frame construction. see P. 18 the window as well as the safe, perfect rent frame constructions and support • The packers ensure that the glass 2. Spacer packers and constraint-fee bearing of the gla- conditions call for individual glazing edges never make contact with the Keep the distance between the edge of zing over the entire service life of the packer solutions. frame and safely prevent damage. the glass and base of the rebate, thus system. The rule books have also turned their • They keep the frame and leaf in the guaranteeing a constraint-free installa- The width, length, durability and com- attention to this topic in recent years. right position with no twisting and distor- tion. They sometimes assume the task patibility as well as material hardness The larger number of damage cases tion, and thus ensure a perfect function. of support packers in the case of altera- make an essential contribution to the has made it clear that the glazing pa- • The spacer packers also have a be- tions to the function of the casement. packer arrangement. After all, the packer has long been more than a trivi- aring function depending on the type of see P. 18 cker is the only link between the fra- ality. leaf opening and guarantee a cons- 3. Contact point packers me and edge of the glass, and is thus With this new edition of our glazing traint-free installation. Prevent the excessive sagging of frame responsible for guaranteeing the per- guide we would like to give everyone • The packers distribute the weight of profiles when mechanical loads are in- manent function. The most important interested in the topic an overview of the glass in the frame and compensate troduced (for example with burglar-proof jobs of the packer are: possible problems - the appropriate this. constructions). see P. 30 solutions, the latest regulations and • The load is transmitted from the pa- 4. Bridge spacers • Load support developments in the field of glazing ckers to the fittings and then further Ensure circumferential vapour pressure • Easy movement of the leaf technology. to the fixation points and load-bearing compensation on a flat base of the rebate. • Ensures a peripheral compensation parts of the window. They are used as support or spacer of vapour pressure • The frames must be dimensioned packers. see P. 17 • Protects the edge structure of the GLUSKE-BKV GmbH, May 2007 stably so that the weight of the glazing 5. Compensating blocks insulating glass units is supported without faults. Act as a section compensation (depen- • Prevents contact between the • If the glass unit is to stabilise the dent upon system) and ensure a flat glass and frame frame construction, you must consult support. The compensating blocks form • Prevents the glass product the glass manufacturer. the base for the tested glazing packers. from slipping • They should compensate the offset They are not a replacement for • Relieves the edge of the glass glass edges. glazing packers. see P. 36

4 5 Various glazing packers for standard solutions Various glazing packers for special solutions

GLUSKE GL-SV GLUSKE GL-B GLUSKE GL- GLUSKE GL- Superflex-packer Multiflex-packer

1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm 5 mm 6 mm

• For all standard glazing • The packer with two location lugs • Adapts to the model shape • Adapts individually to several • High carrying capacity through • Holds with no extra fixation • Prevents excessive spot loads radii thanks to its notches reinforced web system • Resistant to permanent pressure thanks to 100% support • Vent channel for vapour pressure • Compatible with compound edge and stable thanks to asymmetric • Vent channel for vapour equalisation seals for insulating glass web system pressure equalisation • Compatible with compound edge • Non-ageing • Compatible with compound edge • Compatible with compound seals for insulating glass • Temperature-resistant seals for insulating glass edge seals for insulating glass • Temperature-resistant • Non-ageing • Temperature-resistant • Non-ageing • Temperature-resistant • Non-ageing

GLUSKE GL-UK • Elastic support GLUSKE GL-UKS • Excellent inherent stability, • Permanently stable base with steel insert absorbs bending forces • For all glass with irregularities • Compatible with sealants in the edge of the glass • Temperature-resistant • Compatible with sealants • Non-ageing • Non-ageing • Excellent carrying capacity through sturdy web system

The symbol of the highest GLUSKE-BKV quality

6 7 The glazing-in process

In side-hung or tilt-turn windows, a start The self locating packer is recommen- Impact glazing Recommendation: is made with the insertion of the pa- ded in this case. Other packer construc- GLUSKE GL-B ckers on the bottom edge of the glazing tions without location lugs must be fit- rebate or on the compensating blocks. ted according to the provisions of the The thickness of the packer should sealant industry. normally be 5 mm. The packer must always be aligned The glass unit is positioned on the low- straight and parallel to the edge of The glazing block with er packers and carefully tipped into the the glass (see figure impact padding). two location lugs frame. A packer is then inserted on the It must support the full thickness of the • Holds with no extra fixation upper end of the closing side (i.e. dia- glazing unit in order to guarantee an • Resistant to permanent pressure gonal to the corner support). optimal load support. and stable thanks to asymmetric In glazing, the specific directives of the web system To avoid damage to the edges of glass and frame manufacturers and Packer up to the impact • Compatible with compound edge the glass, spacer and support packers those of the sealant supplier for the seals for insulating glass must be inserted in accordance with edge compound must also be observed. • Non-ageing the function of the window (see our • Temperature-resistant glazing suggestions on page 18). The Impact glazing ensures that the invisible area packers must sit tight and must not of the edge of the glass is supported too. Send for our test certificates! change their position later on.

Installation example

1 2 3

Figure 3: Ready glazed corner Only use materials that have been Figure 1 and 2: Insertion of the (packers inserted) of a tilt-turn packers on the closing side. tested for their compatibility to fix window. glazing packers.

8 9 Material of the glazing packers

Glazing packers from GLUSKE-BKV The compatibility of the packer with The compatibility with the contact are made of a special plastic. They are the contact agents must have been materials must be proved, so that the produced from a „virgin” (new) material. proved. Special attention must be insulating glass is not damaged in this They possess a sufficient permanent paid to UV and weathering resistance area (e.g. dissolution of the edging pressure resistance and aging-resi- in rebates exposed by weathering. compound, opacity of the insulating stance. The latter is dependent upon PVC and metal windows should be gla- glass unit). the load-bearing capacity of the mate- zed with approved plastic packers. For As also stipulated in Technical Directive rial, the packer length and the packer glass compounds (e.g. with PVB foil, No. 3 „Blocking of glazing units“, the construction. They must not cause any cast resin etc.) attention is to be paid mutual compatibility of the materials splintering on the edges of the glass. to the material compatibility of the pa- used will have to be permanently en- The packer must not alter its proper- ckers with the intermediate layers of the sured. ties due to air humidity, contact with glazing units and the edging compound other materials or other influences (see of the insulating glass. The same ap- extracts of the report - Interaction of plies for sealing profiles and sealants. sealants, insulating glass info, Techni- A test is necessary in every case. cal recommendation 3/97, page 12).

GLUSKE-BKV GmbH: Certified by ift-Rosenheim for the execution of the Example of a negative test result test guideline VE-05/01 „Proof of the compatibility of glazing packers“

Test piece after 1 week Test piece after 5 weeks (end of test) Placing the Prepared tests test piece with pieces stored with packers in the glazing packers for test holder 5 weeks at 70°C with 5 kg load.

Glazing packer material 5 kg steel plate changed due to plasticizer migration

Cause: plasticizer migration / migration process Material of the glazing packers„destroyed“ Reference sample through contact with test material

10 11 Extracts from insulating glass information Technical Recommendation date: 18.03.97 Interaction of sealants (IG information no. 111) Dipl.-Ing. Helmut Brook, Henkel Teroson GmbH, Heidelberg Comments by: Federal Flat Glass Association, Technical Committee for Insulating Glass

If two differing, heterogeneously compo- tions of use and failures. Primarily, there The consequences of the interactions concrete requirements with regard to the sed materials are brought into contact, are two specific elements which play a between the insulating glass sealants exclusion of damaging interactions sta- interactions can occur between them. large role here with regard to compatibi- and the contact materials are of gre- ted by standards and directives. One of these interactions can comprise lity or incompatibility: at importance for practice, in particular A forecast with regard to interactions one or even more of the components of with regard to the financial demands in is generally not possible. For this rea- one material transferring into the other the event of damage. The compatibility son, a corresponding examination for one. This process is generally termed - Glazing sealants of the edge compound with the glazing an exclusion of damage on the basis merge. Through it, the properties of the - Glazing packers packer material is based on comparable of these phenomena is indispensable. two materials can change in a lasting factors, i.e., on the one hand, the pa- This test must extend to all possibilities and disadvantageous way and thus also If damaging interactions between the in- cker can absorb materials from the edge of interaction: inner PIB seal and outer reduce or even completely prevent the sulating glass sealant and a contact work compound or even pass on materials to sealing as well as the contact materials, usefulness of the combination of ma- material are to be avoided, an examinati- the edge compound itself. The appea- if necessary in comparison with an inert terials. In polymer materials, a special on of the compatibility under suitable test rance here is similar to that of the sea- reference material. case of these migration processes is the conditions is indispensable. A forecast of lant incompatibility. transfer of plasticiser(s) of one material the exclusion of interactions is practically If the packer absorbs materials from If one looks at the financial aspect, into the other, so-called plasticiser mi- impossible. The relevant standards and the edge compound, softening, dis- it must be stated that here the prin- gration, a very frequent and sometimes guidelines demand a compatibility of the coloration, separation of liquid com- ciple of „small cause, large effect“ is also disturbing phenomenon. The techni- contact work material (glazing sealant, ponents right down to the complete unfortunately a direct hit: if the costs cal rules, and in particular, of course, the glazing packer) with the edge compound dissolution of the packer can occur. for the „causer“, i.e. the sealant or standards, have taken this phenomenon of the insulating glass. From these, the Vice versa, the packer can also pass the packers, are put in relation to the into account. demand can be implicitly derived that on materials to the edge compound, possible costs of damage, e.g. new anyone wishing to use a certain contact i.e. this can, similar to the description production and replacement of all DIN 52 460 „Joint and glass sealings, material (sealant, pad etc.) must prove above, result in softening, discolora- insulating glass units, the financial terminology” its suitability accordingly. The inversion of tion, separation effects or similar. framework which the problem can this demand is not admissible under any Experience has shown that damage to assume immediately becomes clear. This standard therefore defines the term circumstances, i.e. it is not the task of the packer is the most frequent cause To this extent, counselling, informati- of compatibility: „Materials are compa- the manufacturer of an insulating glass for complaints. A certain raw material on and testing the materials in que- tible with one another if no damaging sealant to make responsible tests of the was determined as being especially criti- stion is of very great importance. interaction occurs between them“. compatibility of his product with that of cal, polystyrene. Packers of polystyrene various contact materials. or mixtures containing polystyrene fre- Printed with the kind approval of A large number of further standards, gui- quently proved to be incompatible with Henkel Teroson GmbH, Heidelberg delines and recommendations makes customary edge compound sealants. In reference to the term of compatibility for the complex of incompatibility of insula- combinations of materials or demands ting glass sealants with certain contact that work materials must be compatible materials mentioned here, e.g. glazing with one another in order to avoid restric- sealants and glazing packers, there are

12 13 Stability of the Adjust and compensate the offset of the Dimensioning and position unit edge through the hardness of the glazing packers packer. of the glazing packers Please don‘t work this way:

The load-bearing capacity is not only The arrangement of the packers is ba- The packer width is based on the thick- based on the material and the length of sed on the function and kind of opening ness of the glazing unit. the packers, but is also dependent upon of the window (see pages 18/19). It should be about 2 mm wider than the packer construction. The examples Generally speaking, the distance of the glazing unit (see sketch A). All ope- shown below are used to calculate the the packer from the corners of the gla- nings to the outside must be left free. actual load-bearing area. The smaller zing unit should be about one packer For certain glass products or glazings, the load-bearing area, the larger the length. For special frame constructions the guidelines prescribed by the glass load on the edge of the glass becomes. (wide, fixed units, e.g. shop windows), or insulating glass manufacturers are to In unfavourable overlappings, for exam- Offset of the Edge of glass the support packers must sit above the be observed. When glazing alarm glass ple offset of the edges of the glass or edges of the glass not at right angles fitting points of the frame. The packer make sure that the cable and cable con- glass edges not at right angles, the risk can thus be placed up to a max. of 250 nections are not pinched or damaged. of breakage of glass can be increased. mm from the corner. The height of the The packer thickness should be 100 packers depends on the clearance. The mm as a rule, in order to reduce point thickness of the packer should normally loads and thus the risk of breakage of be 5 mm. For units with a smaller for- the insulating glass unit. Our years of mat, edge length up to about 500 mm, experience have shown that the various the packer thickness can be reduced to kinds of windows and windowopenings GLUSKE GL-UK : 3 mm as an exception. are not overburdened with 100 mm long Solution for glass packer materials. unit with offset edge of glass

Comparative examples for packer constructions, 100 mm long: Packer distance = Packer thickness* The packer GLUSKE GL-B Unit-bearing area: 466 mm² is much too narrow. It does not support both Glass support edges of the glass and presses into the edge compound. Other constructions A *Note : In exceptional cases, Unit-bearing area: 153,6 mm² Unit-bearing area: 196 mm² the distance can be A The width of the packer reduced to about 2 cm should usually be larger if the installation than the thickness of the situation permits this. glazing unit.

Example of a professional glazing with a packer thickness of 5 mm and a packer length For large-area glazings ≥ 10m2 and/or a weight >500 kg we recommend a of 100 mm, taking the correct arrangement packer length per packer position of 200 mm (corresponds to 2 packers). and the correct distances into consideration.

14 15 Properties of the glazing packers Recommendation: GLUSKE GL-UK

n glazings with a rebate area free of Likewise, the sealant-free rebate area Glass support I surface of elastic sealant, the packers must be secured must be opened towards the outside. material; against displacement or slipping, so The packers may not prevent or block especially for fragile that the edge of the glass does not the vapour pressure compensation. glass edges touch the frame. The materials used to In heavy units of compound or com- Vent channel for secure the packers must be compati- pound safety glass, we recommend vapour pressure equalisation ble with the edge compound and the the universal packer, which com- packer. pensates the offset of the panes stable substructure Suitable sealants must be used to se- caused by the manufacture through withstands permanent pressure cure the glazing packers. Packers with an elastic packer surface (hardness a self-inhibiting effect are to be prefer- approx. 70° Shore A) with a high red here (e.g. self locating packer). permanent pressure resistance, in Especially for fragile glass edges • Longer packer length (120 mm) for better With a level base of the rebate, bridge order to prevent a punctual load on for the safe support of high-quality carrying capacity from 80 mm width packers are necessary so that the va- the edge of the unit (recommen- insulating glass: • Compatible with compound edge seals for pour pressure compensation is gua- ded in TR3* as well as by manuf- • Bullet-proof glass insulating glass ranteed. There may be no enclosed air acturers of insulating glass and of • Laminated glass • Non-ageing cavities. sealants). • Soundproofing and sunshading • Temperature-resistant glass, etc. * Technical Directive No. 3 „Blocking • Resistant to permanent pressure The universal packer is ideal for structural of glazing units“ and stable thanks to asymmetric glazing and is recommended for this purpose web system by sealant manufacturers.

System sketches: Wrong packer position System sketches: Correct packer position

Frequently, the packer is wrongly inserted underneath the edge of the insulation glass. We recommend the complete support of the thickness of the glass element. The following sketches give schematic portrayals of how a breakage of glass can come about or the edge compound can be destroyed.

Bridge packer Standard glazing packer e.g. bridge with lug, e.g. GLUSKE GL-B, GL-SV, GL-UK GLUSKE GL-SV (see (see GLUSKE-BKV catalogue) GLUSKE-BKV catalogue)

Compensating block

16 17 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2

Glazing suggestions for flat glass units

1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 12* 2 22* 2 2 1 1 1 12 2 1 22 12 1 2 12 2 22 2 2 1 2

Side-hung Tilt-turn Lift-turn Fixed glazing Turn casement casement casement casement Lift-tilt-turn casement

1 1 2 1 12 2 1 2 12 22 1 12 2 1 1 12 21 1 121 21 1 121 21 1 11 1 1 1* 2 2*2 2* 2* 2* 2 2 2 2 1* With glazing units 2 2 2 2 2 21 2 2 22 2 2 2 2 **2 2 ** 2** ** more than 1m in width, 2 support packers of at least 10 cm in length should be above the Top-hung fulcrum. casement Middle-hung Bottom- casement hung Horizontal casement A lift-sliding door Recommendation: **Spacer packers of elastomer and plastic 2 2 2 2 2 22 2 2 21 2 2 2 ** ** ** ** (60° - 80° Shore „A”) 1 1 1 11 1 1 1* 11 1 1 11 11 1 11 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Support1 packers2 2 A - Recommendation: 1 1 1 1 1 1 ** For middle-hung windows** made** of plastic ** Spacer packers sections, it is recommended that you ask 2 the section or frame manufacturer for the recommended glazing on the central fulcrum. Double glazing above and below the fulcrum may be necessary.

1 1 1 1 1 1 2* become support packers 1 1 1 1 1 1 with the casement turned over Folding system 2 2 1 1 1* 1* 18 2 2 2 2 2 **2 2 2 ** ** ** 19 ** ** ** ** ** ** 1 ** **1 1 1

** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mechanical loads on the glazing packer Glued window systems and edge compound

During glazing-in care must be taken to If the material of the glazing packers When gluing windows, the rigidity of A general statement on glazing pa- ensure that the glass weight borne by is too soft (3) or too much edge com- the glass or insulating glass has to be ckers beyond the basic applicable re- the support packers does not lead to pound is used (edge compound protru- exploited by a static bond between the quirements is thus impossible since it an uncontrolled, spot load on the edge des beyond the edge of the glass) this glass and casement frame and the win- depends on the relevant system. An of the glass and edge compound. can lead to pressure loads and thus dow reinforced as a compound element overview of glued window systems is With an increased load, forces of fric- deformations. This may cause damage with no settling. provided by the leaflet „Compass for tion are constantly exerted on the area in the area of the edge compound, e.g. In this case it is important that the win- glued windows“ from the Federal Flat of the edge of the glass (1) and edge displacement of the spacer (5) and / or dow been seen as an „overall system“. Glass Association. This shows not only compound (2) of the insulating glass glass breakage. The system supplier must specify, check the requirements but also various possi- due to climatic loads and wind load and coordinate all components (e.g.: ble systems. The window manufacturer (pressure-suction). glass, packer, sealant, connections, is responsible for developing the glued Shearing forces can also stress the etc.). The specified components can be window construction completely and in vapour-proof butyl seal (4) in the area found in the so-called system descrip- close cooperation with manufacturers of the edge compound with an insuffi- tion of the system supplier. This also of insulating glass, adhesives, frame cient packer support and / or inadequa- includes the specified packers. material and fittings in accordance with te support for the edges of the glass. existing standards and regulations.

Examples of possible glued systems with packers:

4 Seal 5

Self- supporting bond 1 2 3

Source of image: Leaflet „Compass for glued windows“ Federal Flat Glass Association

20 21 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 2

Glazing suggestions for work with self-locating packers

1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 12* 2 22* 2 2 1 1 3 1 3 12 2 1 22 12 3 1 32 12 2 22 2 2 1 2

Side-hung Tilt-turn Lift-turn Fixed glazing Turn casement casement casement casement Lift-tilt-turn casement

1 1 2 1 3 12 32 1 2 12 22 1 12 2 1 1 12 21 1 121 21 1 121 21 1 11 1 1 1* 2 2*2 2* 2* 2* 2 2 2 2 2 21 2 2 22 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 GLUSKE GL-B • The packer with two location lugs Top-hung • Holds with no extra fixation casement Middle-hung • Resistant to permanent pressure Bottom- casement and stable thanks to asymmetric hung web system casement A • Compatible with compound edge seals for insulating glass • Non-ageing 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 • Temperature-resistant 1 1 1 11 1 1 1* 11 1 1 11 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 ** ** ** **

A - Recommendation: 1 1* With glazing units more than 1m in width, For middle-hung windows made of plastic Support packers two support packers of at least 10 cm in sections, it is recommended that you ask length should be above the fulcrum. the section or frame manufacturer for the 2 Spacer packers recommended glazing on the central fulc- If using self locating packers, 2* become support packers with the rum. Double glazing above and below the 3 casement turned over. fulcrum may be necessary. a counter-glazing = spacer packer is recommended.

2 2 1 1

22 1* 1* 23 2 2 2 2 2 **2 2 2 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 1 ** **1 1 1

** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Special glazing solutions Recommendation: Support for full thickness of the glazing unit GLUSKE GL-UKS The packer with steel insert

The glazing unit will have to be sup- Special cases, such as structural ported over the entire width so as to glazing or point loads, will have to allow the loads to be absorbed in an be sorted out and agreed individual- optimal way. A major prerequisite in this ly, unless the system manufacturer respect is a substructure with a suffici- provides his own suggestions. ent load-bearing capacity. In the case of an offset in the substructure (due to the system) or of protruding glazing units, a packer with a steel insert is required so as to absorb the Steel insert 1.5 mm bending forces thus generated.

Glass support surface of elastic material; especially for fragile glass edges

Practical example Properties of GLUSKE GL-UKS

• Can be used with protruding substructures • Compensates the protruding glass edges through elastic surface • High inherent stability • Compatible with compound edge seals for insulating glass • Temperature-resistant • Non-ageing

Glass support to narrow, packer to small. Only partial support for the edges of the glass. Result: Overstressing!

24 25 Special glazing solutions Recommendation: Curved glass GLUSKE GL-Multiflex packer

In the chapters above, standard gla- situation in individual cases, and it is zings are shown which refer to rec- recommended that the manufacturer tangular formats and vertical glazing. of the profiles be consulted. The gla- The following special forms should be zing suggestions below are based on adapted to the constructional experience and the static requirements.

Curved single or insulating glass The solution for curved glass units

System 1 System 2 • Adapts to the radii of curved panes Curved single or insulating glass must In system 2, the glass weight and the with its notches be glazed in the same way as flat glass wind load are distributed to the edge • Excellent load support through its units. In system 1, the weight of the of the glass. Special attention has to 120 mm length glass on the lower curved edge of the be paid to this when supporting. Curve • Vent channel for vapour pressure equalisation glass is transmitted via the support tolerances must be absorbed. (Extracts • Compatible with compound edge seals packers to the frame construction and from: Memento glazing guide of SAINT- for insulating glass then further to the holding construction. GOBAIN GLASS, 2005 edition.) • Temperature-resistant • Non-ageing

T D D D T

T D D T D T

T = Support packer, elastic material, D= Likewise elastic material, hardness hardness approx. 70° Shore A. approx. 70° Shore A. Weight only rests Additional packer to prevent tipping. on the support packers.

26 27 Special glazing solutions Recommendation: Other special window shapes GLUSKE GL-Superflex packer

1 The possibilities shown are only examples. 2 Constructions not shown are to be deci- ded in individual cases. General glazing 1 guidelines should be considered.

1 The Superflex packer adapts 1 2 to every model shape 1 • Prevents excessive spot loads thanks to 100% support 2* 2* • Vent channel for vapour pressure equalisation • Compatible with compound edge seals for insulating glass • Temperature-resistant 1 • Non-ageing 1 1 1

2 2 2 1

1* 1* 1 1

1 Support packers

2 Spacer packers 2 1 1 * Glazing packer material of elastomer

28 29 Suggested packers at locking points For higher stability and to provide a higher security solution

An additional glazing is recommended at Glazing packers must also be the closing points in order to reduce the risk inserted at the locking points for of levering open. The locking point glazing plastic windows. Thickness of uses a spacer packer to close the gap. locking point packer = clearance/ We recommend our GLUSKE GL-UK. rebate area.

Clearance/rebate area:

The movement affects the play between locking cam and locking plate.

A Locking point = glazing point

Please observe the basic demand A space packer is positioned that the edge of the glass must directly above the locking point. A not be overburdened or damaged. Example on the basis of a plastic window (also transferable to other frame materials).

Attention: The locking point glazing is performed last and is a spacer glazing.

30 31 Security compensating blocks Recommendation: For higher stability and to provide GLUSKE S-GFE a higher security solution

1. Clip in the base of 2. Position the drill jig 3. Insert the unit and the compensating block and predrill into the steel block in accordance with the type of window opening • Easy to install • The security compensating block has * burglar retardant test • Permanently stable been adjusted to the relevant system, WK2 Velbert • Non-ageing so that the way of assembling the unit Test Institute • Web system for vapour pressure has been classified as resistance class compensation WK2*. • The fixing channels do not require Compensating blocks help compen- extra fixings. sate the sections. They may not come 4. Fit the retaining lugs 5. Assemble the grip • The glass is secured by the holding into contact with the composite edge and screw them tight channel for the unit blocks screwed into steel beneath of the insulating glass. Use our tested (into the steel core) as usual the glass holding strip. material for blocking.

After having passed the WK2 test * * burglar retardant test WK2 Velbert Test Institute

Pre-drilling with drill jig will make it easier to screw in the retaining lugs correctly.

32 33 Inclined and overhead glazing Example for glazing-in Georgian-style windows

In overhead glazing, special attention They are not normally used to trans- Requirements on inclined When glazing with sub-divisions must be paid to the fact that the weight mit loads unless this has been agreed and overhead glazing by bars, each field must be glazed of the glass must be supported via the with and approved by the relevant glass individually in accordance with the manufacturer. The packer then has a glazing point without overloading the correct kind of opening. A start is made with edges of the glass and via the frame different function too (see functions on the diagonals, in accordance with construction. Special reference is made P.5). An elastic bearing with 60°- 80° the kind of opening. All the fields to these construction details in the tech- Shore „A” at the edge of the glass unit must be glazed. nical regulation „Overhead Glazing“, is recommended here on account of the drawing up by the German Institute of particular requirements. Compound windows F Construction Engineering in Berlin. Further, the particular directives of the A compound window is a coupling There must be no contact between the manufacturers of the glass and the fra- of two casements in a frame. Both glass and the frame, e.g. glass and me are to be taken into account at all casements are to be glazed in accor- F metal or glass and glass. costs. dance with their kind of opening. Slipping of the glass is to be prevented by space packers. Casement windows A casement window is a construction F= Induction of the weight of the glass of two separate blind frames with the onto/into the packer corresponding wing. Both wings have to be glazed in accordance with their Recommendation: kind of opening too. GLUSKE GL-UK wrong

Inclined glazing: Only one edge of the glazing unit rests on the packer. This leads to a high load on the edge of the glass and breakages.

34 35 Compensating blocks Fire-protection glazing

The glazing material stated in the Information: licence notice must be used for fire protection glazing. GLUSKE GmbH Brandschutzservice Compensating blocks act to compen- Snap-in straps: Alfred-Nobel-Str. 69-79 sate the profile (dependent upon the Ensure a firm 50169 Kerpen, Germany hold in the profile. system) and ensure a flat base. They Phone: +49 (0) 22 37 / 9 73 28-0 form the basis for the tested glazing Fax: +49 (0) 22 37 / 9 73 28-9 material and are not a substitute for the E-Mail: [email protected] glazing packer. The blocks are available Internet: www.gluske-brandschutz.de with snap-in straps (see sketch). Strap: Prevents the glazing packer from slipping.

Hole: Uninhibited screwing of the frame is possible due to the recesses in the compensating block.

Example of application: Profile with compensating block and glazing packer Important notice Additional technical We offer you individual regulations solutions for each profile. Compensating blocks The Gluske Glazing guide is not a Technical regulations of the glazing trade are also developed and substitute for the acknowledged rules. Published by: produced specifically upon It is to promote professional glazing by Bundesinnungsverband des Glaserhandwerks customers‘ request. giving tried and tested suggestions for An der Glasfachschule 6 solutions. Years of practical experience 65589 Hadamar, Germany Compensating blocks help compensate the have shown that compromises must be Tel.: +49 (0)64 33 / 91 33-0 sections. They may not entered into, in particular with glazing. – Manufacturers‘ guidelines of manufacturers come into contact with For this reason, contact with the ma- of insulating glassand section systems the composite edge of nufacturers of insulating glass and win- – Acknowledged testing institutes the insulating glass. Use dows is important. For special cases and – ATV DIN 18361 glazing work, latest edition our tested material for constructions, please contact us directly. – Technical rules for the use of glazing with blocking. linear bearings German Institute of Construction Engineering, Berlin, latest edition

36 37 Notes

Note This glazing guide does not exempt you from the responsibility for planning and implementing the glazing. It is one recommendation for professional glazing, but not the only one. We would point out that the above information is based on our knowledge and experience, in particular suggestions from the processing and use of our products. Due to working conditions which are outside our sphere of influence we recommend that you check the suitability for the intended purpose. No liability can be assumed for the information or oral advice given unless there is malice afor- ethought or gross negligence.

38 Programm GLUSKE-BKV

Door and window hinges Designed for a specific application, precision made of high- quality materials, GLUSKE-BKV door and window hinges offer excellent useful features and withstand a permanent load.

Door treshold system We offer a comprehensiv treshold system with seals and accessories for the often difficult transition from an indoor to the outdoors. We have designed our program to ensure both the bridge to the outside and the thermal insulation on the inside.

Glazing packers Glazing packers work where you don‘t see them. This calls for a great responsibility in their development and manufacture. Our products withstand extreme loads, are non-ageing and meet the requirements of DESIGN the latest guidelines.

Services Apart from our extensive product and application service, we also plan and produce special solutions for doors and windows. Talk to us. Subject to technical changes HEINZ 09.07 231247 GLUSKE – Produkte DIN EN ISO 9001 : 2000 die verbinden