Journal for Development and Leadership 1 2 Journal for Development and Leadership JOURNAL FOR DEVELOPMENT AND LEADERSHIP (JDL) Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Port Elizabeth Eastern Cape, South Africa Tel: +27(41) 504 4607I2906 Electronic Mail:
[email protected] [email protected] Web Address: http://jdl.nmmu.ac.za EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Editor-in-chief and Chairperson of the Editorial Committee Prof. H.R. Lloyd Managing Editor Prof. R. Haines Consulting Editor: Academic Standards Prof. C.V.R. Wait Consulting Editors: Future Studies Prof. K. Jonker Prof. C. Adendorff Consulting Editor: Ethics Prof. C. Rootman Consulting Editors: Management Sciences Prof. M. Tait Prof. E. Venter Consulting Editors: Industrial Psychology and Human Dr M. Mey Resources Management Prof. R. van Niekerk ConsultingEditor: Business School Prof. C. Arnolds Consulting Editors: Economics, Development and Tourism Prof. P. le Roux Prof. R. Ncwadi Prof. J. Cherry Mr H.H. Bartis Consulting Editors: Accountancy Prof. H. Fourie Editorial Co-ordinator Prof. I.W. Ferreira Administrative and Logistics Co-ordinator Mrs R. Petrakis Journal for Development and Leadership 3 JOURNAL FOR DEVELOPMENT AND LEADERSHIP Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Volume 4, Number 1, June 2015 Journal for Development and Leadership First Publication 2012 ©Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University ISSN: 2226-0102 Printed and bound by: Bukani Print, Port Elizabeth, South Africa 4 Journal for Development and Leadership NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD SURNAME AND TITLE AFFILIATION CONTACT DETAILS INITIALS Prof Allais, C. University of South Africa (UNISA)
[email protected] Prof Allegrini, M.