Renaissance Politics and Culture

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Jonathan Davies and John Monfasani - 9789004464865 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:55:53PM via free access Renaissance Politics and Culture

Essays in Honour of Robert Black

Edited by

Jonathan Davies and John Monfasani

LEIDEN | BOSTON

Jonathan Davies and John Monfasani - 9789004464865 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:55:53PM via free access Cover illustration: Detail of the Pianta della Catena, a view of fifteenth-century Florence, by Francesco Rosselli (1448–c. 1513).

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Copyright 2021 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Hotei, Brill Schöningh, Brill Fink, Brill mentis, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Böhlau Verlag and V&R Unipress. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Requests for re-use and/or translations must be addressed to Koninklijke Brill NV via brill.com or copyright.com.

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Preface vii List of Figures ix Notes on Contributors x Publications of Robert Black, 1973–2020 xii

1 Robert Black: A Life of Scholarship 1 Jonathan Davies

part 1 Politics

2 The Problem of Succession for the Visconti and the Sforza 17 Jane Black

3 The Impuissant and Immoral City: George of Trebizond’s Critique of Plato’s Laws 39 John Monfasani

4 The Virtuous Republic of Francesco Patrizi of Siena 59 James Hankins

5 Cleomenes Redivivus: Machiavelli from The Prince to the Discourses 83 Jérémie Barthas

6 Machiavelli and Arezzo 107 John M. Najemy

part 2 Culture

7 Leon Battista Alberti as a Student of the Florentine University and the Priory of San Martino a Gangalandi (1429–1430) 141 Lorenz Böninger

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8 The Gherardi Family of Borgo San Sepolcro and Piero della Francesca’s Williamstown Virgin and Child Enthroned with Four Angels 155 James R. Banker

9 Pier Vettori (1499–1585): Philologist and Professor 165 Davide Baldi Bellini

10 Print and Trust in Renaissance Italy 198 Brian Richardson

Index Nominum 219

Jonathan Davies and John Monfasani - 9789004464865 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:55:53PM via free access Preface

Rare is the scholar who genuinely merits a volume in his honor, but as the first article in this volume on his scholarship amply illustrates, Robert Black is unquestionably such a scholar, so central and massive have been his publications in so many different aspects of Renaissance studies, from Italian humanism, the history of education, and the history of the classical tradition to issues in historiography, Machiavelli studies, and the history of Arezzo. The editors of the volume have long been indebted to and admirers of Black’s scholarship. It has been very satisfying to see so many excellent fellow scholars seize the opportunity to join us in honoring him on the occasion of his seventy-fifth birthday. We are grateful for their earnest dedication—and good humor—in working with us on the volume. Our particular thanks go to Jane Black for her invaluable advice and assistance as well as for her essay. Finally, we thank Brill Academic Publishers for agreeing to publish the volume and our Brill editors Ivo Romein and Theo Joppe for so expertly facilitating the whole process from submission to publication.

Jonathan Davies and John Monfasani

Jonathan Davies and John Monfasani - 9789004464865 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:55:53PM via free access Jonathan Davies and John Monfasani - 9789004464865 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:55:53PM via free access Figures

8.1 Piero della Francesca, Virgin and Child Enthroned with Four Angels. Image cour- tesy Clark Art Institute. Clarkart@edu 156 8.2 Altar Chapel of San Leonardo or Monacato, Cloister of the Cathedral, Sansepolcro. Printed with the kind permission of Enzo Mattei 158 8.3 Gherardi Palace, Sansepolcro. Printed with the kind permission of Enzo Mattei 160

Jonathan Davies and John Monfasani - 9789004464865 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:55:53PM via free access Notes on Contributors

James R. Banker is professor emeritus in the history department at North Carolina State University. He continues his research and writing on Piero della Francesca and Quattrocento Italy.

Jérémie Barthas is a tenured researcher at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Institute for Modern and Contemporary History (IHMC—UMR 8066, Paris), and an associated researcher to the Centre for the Study of the History of Political Thought (London).

Davide Baldi Bellini is a contract professor at the University of Florence. He deals mainly with Byzantine culture and humanism; his publications are numerous and various ranging from Greek Lexicography up to Greek teaching in Florence.

Jane Black has written articles on Milan and Florence in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries and is author of Absolutism in Renaissance Milan: Plenitude of Power under the Visconti and the Sforza 1329–1535 (Oxford, 2009).

Lorenz Böninger is an independent scholar who has published widely on Florentine Renaissance history. His latest book is Niccolò di Lorenzo della Magna and the Social World of Florentine Printing, ca. 1470–1493 (Harvard University Press, 2021).

Jonathan Davies is Associate Professor in Italian Renaissance History at the University of Warwick. His publications include Florence and its University during the Early Renaissance (Brill, 1993) and Culture and Power: Tuscany and its Universities 1537–1609 (Brill, 2009).

James Hankins is Professor of History at Harvard University and General Editor of the I Tatti Renaissance Library. His Virtue Politics: Soulcraft and Statecraft in Renaissance Italy was published in 2019 by the Belknap Press of Harvard University.

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John Monfasani is a Distinguished Research Professor at the University at Albany, State University of New York. He served as the Executive Director of the Renaissance Society of America, 1995–2010.

John M. Najemy professor of history emeritus at Cornell University, has explored the history of Florence and the writings of Machiavelli and other medieval-Renaissance Italian authors in several books and many essays. His Machiavelli’s Broken World is forthcoming from Oxford University Press.

Brian Richardson is Emeritus Professor of Italian Language at the University of Leeds. His research interests centre on the history of the Italian language and the history of the circulation of texts in late medieval and Renaissance Italy.

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1973

1. (With Reinhold Mueller), “Contributo alla ricostituzione di serie archivis- tiche danneggiate nell’alluvione del 1966 nell’Archivio di Stato di Firenze,” Rassegna degli archivi di Stato 33 (1973): 464–67. 2. “La storia della prima crociata di Benedetto Accolti e la diplomazia fior- entina rispetto all’Oriente,” Archivio storico italiano 131 (1973): 4–25.

1981

3. “Benedetto Accolti and the Beginnings of Humanist Historiography,” English Historical Review 96 (1981): 36–58.

1982

4. “Ancients and Moderns in the Renaissance: Rhetoric and History in Accolti’s Dialogus de prestantia virorum sui evi,” Journal of the History of Ideas 43 (1982): 3–32. Reprinted in William. J. Connell, ed., Renaissance Essays II. Library of the History of Ideas, 10 (Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 1993), 150–79.

1985

5. Benedetto Accolti and the Florentine Renaissance (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press). 6. “Florentine Political Traditions and Machiavelli’s Election to the Chancery,” Italian Studies 40 (1985): 1–16. 7. “The Studio Aretino in the Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries,” History of Universities 5 (1985): 55–82.

1986

8. “Arezzo e la sua università sconosciuta del Rinascimento,” Atti e memorie dell’ Accademia Petrarca di Arezzo n.s. 47 (1986, re vera 1988):119–51.

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9. “The Political of the Florentine Chancellors,” The Historical Journal 29 (1986): 991–1003. 10. “The Uses and Abuses Of Iconology: Piero della Francesca and Carlo Ginzburg,” Oxford Art Journal 9 (1986): 67–71.

1987

11. “The New Laws of History,” Renaissance Studies 1 (1987): 126–56. 12. “Humanism and Education in Renaissance Arezzo,” I Tatti Studies: Essays in the Renaissance 2 (1987): 171–238.

1988

13. “Higher Education in Florentine Tuscany: New Documents from the Second Half of the Fifteenth Century,” in Peter Denley and Caroline Elam, eds., Florence and Italy: Renaissance Studies in Honour of Nicolai Rubinstein.Westfield Publications in Medieval Studies, 2 (London: Committee for Medieval Studies, Westfield College), 209–22. 14. “Umanesimo e scuole nell’Arezzo rinascimentale,” Atti e memorie dell’Ac- cademia Petrarca di Arezzo n.s. 50 (1988, re vera 1990): 87–112.

1989

15. Review of Bonner Mitchell, The Majesty of State: Triumphal Progresses of Foreign Sovereigns in Renaissance Italy, 1494–1600 (Florence, 1986), in The English Historical Review 104 (1989): 1023–24.

1990

16. “Machiavelli, Servant of the Florentine Republic,” in Gisela Bock, Quentin Skinner, and Maurizio Viroli, eds., Machiavelli and Republicanism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; reprint 1993), 70–99. 17. “Historians and Their Work: Niccolò Machiavelli,” History Sixth 8 (1990): 18–20. 18. Review of Gary Ianziti, Humanistic Historiography under the Sforzas Politics and Propagandai in Fifteenth-Century Milan (Oxford, 1988), in The English Historical Review 105 (1990): 129–31.

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19. Review of Peter Burke, The Renaissance (New York, 1997) and of Alison Brown, The Renaissance (New York, 1988), in History 75 (1990): 307–08.

1991

20. “The Curriculum of Italian Elementary and Grammar Schools, 1350–1500,” in Donald Kelley and Richard Popkin, eds., The Shape of Knowledge from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands), 136–63. 21. “An Unknown Thirteenth-Century Manuscript of Ianua,” Ian Wood and G. A. Loud, eds., London Church and Chronicle in the Middle Ages: Essays presented to John Taylor (London-Rio Grande, Ohio: Hambledon Press), 101–15. 22. “Italian Renaissance Education: Changing Perspectives and Continuing Controversies,” Journal of the History of Ideas 52 (1991): 315–34. 23. “Reply to Paul Grendler,” Journal of the History of Ideas 52 (1991): 519–20. 24. Review of Sebastian de Grazia, Machiavelli in Hell (Princeton, 1989) and of Machiavelli, Florentine Histories, trans, L. F. Banfield and H. C. Mansfield, Jr. (Princeton, 1988), in History 76 (1991): 121–23. 25. Review of Mark Phillips, The Memoir of Marco Parenti: A Life in Medici Florence (Princeton, 1987), in The English Historical Review 106 (1991): 441–42.

1992

26. “Florence,” in Roy Porter and Mikuláš Teich, eds. The Renaissance in National Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 21–41. 27. “Cosimo de’ Medici and Arezzo,” in Francis Ames-Lewis, ed., Cosimo’il Vecchio’ de’ Medici: Essays in Commemoration of the 600th Anniversary of Cosimo de’ Medici’s birth, including papers delivered at the Society for Renaissance Studies Sexcentenary Symposium at the Warburg Institute, London, 19 May 1989 (Oxford: Clarendon Press), 33–47. 28. “Politica e cultura nell’Arezzo rinascimentale”, in Arezzo al tempo dei Medici: Politica, cultura, arte in una città dominata (Arezzo: Studio la Piramide), 17–31. 29. “The Government of Medieval Men”: Review of James M. Blythe, Ideal Government and Mixed Constitution in the Middle Ages (Princeton, 1992) and of A. J. Parel, The Machiavellian Cosmos (New Haven, 1992), in The Times Higher Education Supplement December, 1992

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1993

30. (With Louise George Clubb) Romance and Aretine Humanism in Sienese Comedy, 1516: Pollastra’s Parthenio at the Studio di Siena. Biblioteca Studii Senensis, 6 (Florence: La Nuova Italia). 31. “Piero de’ Medici and Arezzo,” in Andreas Beyer and Bryce Boucher, eds., Piero de’ Medici ‘il Gottoso’ (1416–1469): Kunst im Dienste der Mediceer. Artefact, 6 (Berlin: Akademie Verlag), 21–38. 32. Review of William McCuaig, Carlo Sigonio. The Changing World of the Late Renaissance (Princeton, 1989), in The English Historical Review 108 (1993): 454–55.

1994

33. “Umanesimo aretino nella commedia senese del primo Cinquecento,” Atti e memorie dell’Accademia Petrarca di Arezzo, n.s. 54 (1994, re vera 1995): 115–34. 34. Review of John Stephens, The Italian Renaissance. The Origins of Intellectual and Artistic Change Before the Reformation, in The English Historical Review 109 (1994): 423.

1995

35. “The Donation of Constantine: A New Source for the Concept of the Renaissance?”, in Alison Brown, ed., Language and Images of Renaissance Italy (Oxford: Clarendon Press), 51–85. 36. Review of Heikki Mikkeli, An Aristotelian Response to Renaissance Humanism: Jacopo Zabarella on the Nature of Arts and Sciences (Helsinki, 1992), in The English Historical Review 110 (1995): 993.

1996

37. Studio e scuola in Arezzo durante il medioevo e il Rinascimento: i documenti d’archivio fino al 1530 (Arezzo: Accademia Petrarca di Arezzo di lettere, arti e scienze). 38. “Ianua and Elementary Education in Italy and Northern Europe in the Later Middle Ages,” in Mirko Tavoni, ed., Italia ed Europa nella linguistica del Rinascimento. Confronti e relazioni: Atti del Convegno internazionale:

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Ferrara, Palazzo Paradiso, 20–24 marzo 1991. 2 vols. (Ferrara, Istituto di Studi Rinascimentali), 2: 5–22. 39. “Lorenzo and Arezzo,” in Michael Mallett and Nicholas Mann, eds., Lorenzo the Magnificent: Culture and Politics (London: Warburg Institute), 217–34. 40. “New Light on Machiavelli’s Education,” in Jean-Jacques Marchand, ed., Niccolò Machiavelli politico storico letterato: Atti del Convegno di Losanna, 27–30 settembre 1995 (Rome: Salerno), 391–98. 41. “Cicero in the Curriculum of Italian Renaissance Grammar Schools,” in Cicerone nell’Umanesimo Europeo: Atti del IX Colloquium Tullianum Courmayeur, 29 aprile–1 maggio, 1995 (Roma: Centro di Studi Ciceroniani), 105–20. 42. “The Vernacular and the Teaching of Latin in Thirteenth and Fourteenth-Century Italy,” Studi medievali 3a ser., 37 (1996): 703–51. 43. Review of Domenico and Paola Maffei, Angelo Gambiglioni, giurecon- sulto aretino del Quattrocento. La vita, i libri, le opere (Rome, 1994) in The Modern Language Review 92 (1997): 478.

1998

44. “Humanism”, in The New Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. 7: c. 1415–c. 1500, ed. Christopher Allmand (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 243– 77, 906–15. 45. “Boccaccio, Reader of the Appendix Vergiliana: The Miscellanea Laurenziana (Pl. 33, 31) and Fourteenth-Century Schoolbooks,” in Claude Cazalé-Bérard e Michelangleo Picone, eds., Gli zibaldoni di Boccaccio: memoria, scrittura, riscrittura. Atti del Seminario internazionale di Firenze-Certaldo (26–28 April 1996) (Florence: F. Cesato), 113–28. 46. Review of Gherardo Ortalli, Scuole, maestri e istruzione di base tra Medioevo e Rinascimento: il caso veneziano (Vicenza, 1993), in The American Historical Review 103 (1998): 163–64.

2000

47. (With Gabriella Pomaro) Boethius’s Consolation of Philosophy in Italian Medieval and Renaissance Education: Schoolbooks and their Glosses in Florentine Manuscripts. Biblioteche e Archivi, 7 (Florence: SISMEL, Edizioni del Galluzzo).

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48. “Arezzo, the Medici and the Florentine Regime,” in William J. Connell and Andrea Zorzi, eds., Florentine Tuscany: Structures and Practices of Power (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press), 293–311. 49. Review of Louis Green, Lucca under Many Masters. A Fourteenth-Century Italian Commune in Crisis (1328–1342) (Florence, 1995), in The English Historical Review 115 (2000): 1278–79.

2001

50. Renaissance Thought: A Reader (London and New York: Routledge). 51. Humanism and Education in Medieval and Renaissance Italy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). 52. “Arezzo, i Medici e il ceto dominante fiorentino,” in Andrea Zorzi and William J. Connell, eds., Lo stato territoriale fiorentino (secoli XIV–XV): Ricerche, linguaggi, confronti. Biblioteca, 2 (Pisa: Fondazione Centro di studi sulla civiltà del tardo medioevo San Miniato, Biblioteca 2), pp. 329–57. 53. Review of James Hankins, ed., Renaissance Civic Humanism: Reappraisals and Reflections (Cambridge, 2000), in The English Historical Review 116 (2001):715–16.

2002

54. Twenty-five entries (Acciaiuoli, Donato—Accolti, Benedetto—Albizzi, Rinaldo degli—Becchi, Gentile—Biondo, Flavio—Bracciolini, Iacopo— Bracciolini, Poggio—Bruni, Leonardo—Domenico da Prato—Dominici Giovanni—Lapo da Castiglionchio—Marsuppini, Carlo—Manetti, Giannozzo—Medici—Morelli, Giovann—Palmieri, Matteo—Pandolfini, Agnolo—Pazzi—Pitti—Pollastra Giovanni—Rinuccini, Alammano Zanobi—Rossi Roberto—Siena—Strozzi—Uzzano, Niccolò da— Vespasiano da Bisticci) in Peter Hainsworth and David Robey, eds., Oxford Companion to Italian Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press). 55. “Boethius at School in Medieval and Renaissance Italy: Manuscript Glosses to the Consolation of Philosophy,” in Vincenzo Fera, Giacomo Ferraù, and Silvia Rizzo, eds., Talking to the Text: Marginalia from Papyri to Print: Proceedings of the 12th Course of the International School for the Study of Written Records, Erice, 26 September–3 October 1998. 2 vols. (Messina: Centro interdipartimentale di studi umanistici), 1: 203–68.

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56. “The Origins of Humanism, Its Educational Context and Its Early Development: A Review Article of Ronald Witt’s “In the Footsteps of the Ancients”: The Origins of Humanism from Lovato to Bruni,” Vivarium 40 (2002): 272–97. 57. “L’università di Arezzo e l’élite cittadina (1452–1521),” Notizie di Storia. Periodico della Società Storica Aretina, 4.8 (2002): 3–4. 58. Review of Anthony Grafton and Nancy Siraisi, eds., Natural Particulars: Nature and the Disciplines in Renaissance Europe (Cambridge Mass. 1999), in History 87 (2002): 425–26. 59. Review of Christine Shaw and Stella Fletcher, eds., The World of Savonarola: Italian Élites and Perceptions of Crisis (Aldershot, 2000), in The English Historical Review 117 (2002): 1332–34.

2003

60. Review of Paul Grendler, The Universities of the Italian Renaissance (Baltimore, 2002), in The American Historical Review 108 (2003): 934–35. 61. Review of Catherine Atkinson, Debts, Dowries, Donkeys: The Diary of Niccolò Machiavelli’s Father, Messer Bernardo, in Quattrocento Florence, (Frankfurt a. M. – New York, 2002), in The English Historical Review 118 (2003): 1368–70. 62. “Nicolai Rubinstein (1911–2002),” Renaissance News and Notes XIVI.1 (sic; recte XV.1, Spring/Winter 2003): 5.

2004

63. “Education and the Emergence of a Literate Society,” in John M. Najemy, ed., Italy in the Age of the Renaissance 1300–1550. Vol. 3 of The Short Oxford History of Italy (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 18–36. 64. “The School Miscellany in Medieval and Renaissance Italy,” in Edoardo Crisci and Oronzo Pecere, eds., Il codice miscellaneo: tipologie e funzioni. Atti del Convegno internazionale (Cassino, 14–17 maggio 2003) = Segno e testo, 2 (Cassino: Università degli studi Cassino, Facoltà di lettere, Departimento di filologia e storia; Turnhout: Brepols), 213–44. 65. “École et société à Florence aux XIVe et XVe siècles: Le témoignage des ricordanze,” Annales HSS 59 (2004): 827–46. 66. Review of David A. Lines, Aristotle’s Ethics in the Italian Renaissance (ca. 1300–1650): The Universities and the Problem of Moral Education (Leiden: 2002), in The English Historical Review 119 (2004): 135–37.

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67. Review of Anne Grondeux, Le Graecismus d’Evrard de Béthune à travers ses gloses. Entre grammaire positive et grammaire spéculative du XIIIe e XIVe siècle (Turnhout, 2000), in Speculum 79 (2004): 496–98. 68. Review of John A. Marino, ed., Early Modern Italy: 1550–1796 (Oxford, 2002), in European Review of History 11 (2004): 129–30.

2005

69. “The Renaissance and Humanism: Definitions and Origins,” in Jonathan Woolfson, ed., The Palgrave Guide to the Historiography of the Renaissance (London: Palgrave), 97–117. 70. Review of Folchini de Borfonibus, Cremonina, ed. Carla De Santis (Turnhout, 2003), in Renaissance Quarterly 80 (2005): 579–81,

2006

71. The Renaissance: Critical Concepts in Historical Studies (London: Routledge). 72. “Benedetto Accolti: A Portrait,” in Christopher S. Celenza and Kenneth Gouwens, eds. Humanism and Creativity in the Renaissance: Essays in Honor of Ronald G. Witt (Leiden: Brill), 61–83. 73. “Italian Education: Languages, Syllabuses, Methods,” in Lodi Nauta, ed., Language and Cultural Change: Aspects of the Study and Use of Language in the Later Middle Ages and the Renaissance (Leuven: Peeters), 91–112 74. “L’insegnamento della grammatica nello studio aretino,” in Francesco Stella, ed., 750 anni degli statuti universitari aretini: Atti del Convegno internazionale su origini, maestri, discipline e ruolo culturale dello ‘studium’ di Arezzo, Arezzo, 16–18 febbraio 2005 (Florence, SISMEL, Edizioni del Galluzzo), 151–61. 75. “The origins of humanism,” in Angelo Mazzocco, ed., Interpretations of Renaissance Humanism (Leiden: Brill), 37–71. 76. “Republicanism,” in Federica Cengarle, ed., L’Italia alla fine del medioevo: i caratteri originali nel quadro europeo. 2 vols. (Florence: Firenze University Press), 2: 1–20. 77. “Testi grammaticali prima di Valla: caratteri e fortuna,” in Paolo Viti, ed., Tradizioni grammaticali e linguistiche nell’umanesimo meridionale. Convegno internazionale di studi, Lecce—Maglie, 26–28 ottobre 2005, (Lecce: Conte), 31–42.

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2007

78. Education and Society in Florentine Tuscany: Teachers, Pupils and Schools, c. 1250–1500. Vol. 1 (Leiden: Brill). 79. “The Philosopher and Renaissance Culture,” in James Hankins, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Renaissance Philosophy. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 13–29. 80. “Le scuole e la circolazione del sapere,” in Gino Belloni and Riccardo Drusi, eds. Il Rinascimento italiano e l’Europa. Vol. 2: Umanesimo ed educazione (Treviso: Angelo Colla Editore), 287–307. 81. Review of John Monfasani, Nicolaus Scutellius, O.S.A., as Pseudo-Pletho: The Sixteenth-Century Treatise Pletho in Aristotelem and the Scribe Michael Martinus Stella (Florence, 2005), in The English Historical Review 122 (2007): 1391–92.

2008

82. “Literacy in Florence, 1427,” in David S. Peterson and Daniel E. Bornstein, eds., Florence and Beyond: Culture, Society and Politics in Renaissance Italy. Essays in Honour of John M. Najemy (Toronto, Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies), 195–210. 83. Review of John Monfasani, ed., Kristeller Reconsidered: Essays on his Life and Scholarship (New York, 2006), in The English Historical Review 123 (2008): 184–86. 84. Review of Jerry Brotton, The Renaissance: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford, 2006), in The English Historical Review 123 (2008): 449–50. 85. Review of Kathleen M. Comerford, Reforming Priests and Parishes: Tuscan Dioceses in the First Century of Seminary Education (Leiden, 2005), in The English Historical Review 123 (2008): 737–38. 86. Review of Paul F. Grendler, Renaissance Education between Religion and Politics (Aldershot, 2006), in Reformation 13 (2008): 226–30.

2009

87. “Education and Society in Tuscany from the 13th to the 15th Century,” in Maria Pia Paoli, ed., Saperi a confronto nell’Europa dei secoli XIII–XIX (Pisa: Scuola Normale Superiore), 3–26.

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88. “Teaching the Masses to Read: Alexander of Villedieu’s Doctrinale,” “Twelve Giant Leaps for Mankind.” BBC History Magazine 10.7 (July 2009): 44. 89. Review of Lauro Martines, Scourge and Fire. Savonarola and Renaissance Italy (London, 2006), in European History Quarterly 39 (2009): 163–65.

2010

90. “Machiavelli in the Chancery,” in John M. Najemy, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 31–47. 91. “Notes on teaching techniques in medieval and Renaissance Italian schools,” in Lucio Del Corso and Oranzo Pecere, eds., Libri di scuola e prat- iche didattiche: Dall’antichità al medioevo. Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi, Cassino, 7–10 May 2008. 2 vols. (Cassino; Università di Cassino), 2: 513–36. 92. “The Renaissance and the Middle Ages: Chronologies, Ideologies, Geographies,” in Alexander Lee, Pit Péporté, and Harry Schnitker, eds., Renaissance? Perceptions of Continuity and Discontinuity in Europe, c. 1300–c. 1550 (Leiden: Brill), 27–44. 93. “Communes and Despots: Some Italian and Transalpine Political Thinkers,” in Bernadette Paton and John E. Law, eds., Communes and Despots in Medieval and Renaissance Italy, (Farnham: Ashgate), 49–59. 94. Review of Robert Finlay, Venice Besieged: Politics and Diplomacy in the Italian Wars, 1494–1534 (Aldershot, 2008), in The English Historical Review 125 (2010):170–71. 95. Review of Elisabetta Scarton, Giovanni Lanfredini, uomo d’affari e dip- lomatico nell’Italia del Quattrocento (Florence, 2007), in The English Historical Review 125 (2010): 411–12. 96. Review of Sharon Dale, Alison Williams Lewin, and Duane J. Osheim, eds., Chronicling History: Chroniclers and Historians in Medieval and Renaissance Italy (University Park, PA, 2007), in European History Quarterly 40 (2010): 312–13.

2011

97. Studies in Renaissance Humanism and Politics: Florence and Arezzo. Variorum Collected Studies Series, CS969 (Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate).

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98. “Notes on the Date and Genesis of Machiavelli’s Prince,” in Paola Guglielmotti, Isabella Lazzarini, and Gianmaria Varanini, eds., Europe and Italy: Studies in Honour of Giorgio Chittolini (Florence: Florence University Press), 29–41. 99. “Ovid in Medieval Italy,” in James G. Clark, Frank T. Coulson, and Kathryn L. McKinley, eds., Ovid in the Middle Ages (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 123–42. 100. “Arezzo e Firenze: politica e clientele.”, in Giovanni Cherubini, Franco Franceschi, Andrea Barlucchi, and Giulio Firpo, eds., Arezzo nel medioevo (Rome: Accademia Petrarca di Lettere Arti e Scienze di Arezzo; Rome: Giorgio Bretschneider), 225–33. 101. Review of Anthony F. D’Elia, A Sudden Terror: The Plot to Murder the Pope in Renaissance Rome (Cambridge, Mass. 2009), and Helen Hyde, Cardinal Bendinello Sauli and Church Patronage in Sixteenth-Century Italy (London 2009), in The American Historical Review 116 (2011): 532–34. 102. Review of Konrad Eisenbichler and Nicholas Terpstra, eds., The Renaissance in the Streets, Schools and Studies. Essays in Honour of Paul F. Grendler (Toronto 2008), in Renaissance Studies 25 (2011): 340–41. 103. Review of Paul F. Grendler, The University of Mantua, the Gonzaga, and the Jesuits, 1584–1630 (Baltimore 2009) in The Journal of Modern History 83 (2011): 192–94. 104. Review of Andrea Guidi, Un segretario militante: politica, diplomazia e armi nel cancelliere Machiavelli (Bologna 2009), in The English Historical Review 126 (2011): 426–29. 105. Review of Stephen Greenblatt, The Swerve: How the Renaissance Began (London 2011), in BBC History Magazine, 12.12 (December 2011): 63.

2012

106. “A Pupil of Marcello Virgilio Adriani at the Florentine Studio” in Stefano U. Baldassarri, Fabrizio Ricciardelli, and Enrico Spagnesi, eds., Umanesimo e università in Toscana (1300–1600): Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi, Fiesole-Firenze, 25–26 maggio 2011 (Florence, Le Lettere), 15–32. 107. “Teaching Techniques: The Evidence of Manuscript Schoolbooks Produced in Tuscany”, in Juanita Ruys, John Ward, and Melanie Heyworth, eds., The Classics in the Medieval and Renaissance Classroom: The Role of Ancient Texts in the Arts Curriculum as Revealed by Manuscripts and Early Printed Books (Turnhout: Brepols), 245–65.

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108. “Machiavelli: Some Recent Biographies and Studies,” The English Historical Review 127 (2012): 110–25. 109. Review of Christopher Carlsmith, A Renaissance Education: Schooling in Bergamo and the Venetian Republic, 1500–1650 (Toronto 2010), in History of Education 41 (2012): 569–72.

2013

110. Machiavelli (London and New York: Routledge). 111. “Machiavelli’s Istorie fiorentine: Humanist Historiography and Political Reform,” in Mark Youssim, ed., Rileggendo Machiavelli. Idee e la pratica politica attraverso paesi e secoli (Moscow: Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Universal History), 129–49. 112. “Altri documenti sull’educazione ad Arezzo nel Medioevo e nel Rinascimento,” Atti e memorie della Accademia Petrarca di Lettere, Arti e Scienze n.s. 75 (2013, re vera 2014):161–82. 113. Review of Ronald G. Witt, The Two Latin Cultures and the Foundation of Renaissance Humanism in Medieval Italy (Cambridge 2012), in The American Historical Review 118 (2013): 804–06. 114. Review of Alberto Alfieri, Education, Civic Virtue, and Colonialism in Fifteenth-Century Italy: The Ogdoas of Alberto Alfieri, ed. and trans. Carla Weinberg and E. Ann Matter (Tempe 20011), in Renaissance Quarterly 66 (2013):584–85.

2014

115. “Schools and Schooling: The Italian Case,” in Richard F. Thomas and Jan M. Ziolkowski, eds., The Virgil Encyclopedia (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell), 1129–30. 116. “Machiavelli and Humanist Historiography,” in Christian Thorsten Callinsen, ed., Reading and Writing History from Bruni to Windschuttle: Essays in Honour of Gary Ianziti (Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate), 87–103. 117. “Machiavelli and the Militia: New Thoughts,” Italian Studies 69 (2014): 41–50. 118. “Machiavelli at University, and the Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio,” History of Universities 28.1 (2014): 1–27. 119. Review of Mark Jurdjevic, A Great & Wretched City: Promise and Failure in Machiavelli’s Florentine Political Thought (Cambridge, Mass., 2014) in Canadian Journal of History 49 (2014): 495–97.

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120. Review of Nicholas Scott Baker, The Fruit of Liberty: Political Culture in the Florentine Renaissance, 1480–1550 (Cambridge, Mass., 2013) in Renaissance Quarterly 67 (2014): 1350–51.

2015

121. (With John Law). Ed., The Medici: Citizens and Masters (Florence, Villa I Tatti, the Harvard University Center for Renaissance Studies). 122. “First Steps in Latin: The Teaching of Reading and Writing in Renaissance Italy,” in Elizabeth P. Archibald, William Brockliss, and Jonathan Gnoza, eds., Learning Latin and Greek from Antiquity to the Present. Yale Classical Studies, 37 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 99–117. 123. “Le scuole preuniversitarie a Sansepolcro tra Basso Medioevo e Primo Rinascimento (secoli XIV–XV),” in Andrea Czortek and Matteo Martelli, ed., L’Umanesimo nell’Alta Valtiberina: Arte, letteratura, matematiche, vita civile. Biblioteca del Centro Studi Mario Pancrazi; S/10 (Umbertide: Digital Editor Srl), 75–91. 124. “School,” in Sarah Knight and Stefan Tilg, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Neo-Latin (Oxford –New York: Oxford University Press), 217–31. 125. “The School of San Lorenzo, Niccolò Machiavelli, Paolo Sassi, and Benedetto Riccardini,” in Alison Frazier and Patrick Nold, eds., Essays in Renaissance Thought and Letters in Honor of John Monfasani (Leiden: Brill), 107–33. 126. “Introduction,” in Robert Black and John Law, eds., The Medici. Citizens and Masters, ed., (Florence: Villa I Tatti, The Harvard University Center for Renaissance Studies), 1–10. 127. “Classical Antiquity” in Zygmunt G. Baranski and Lino Pertile, eds. Dante in Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 297–318. 128. “Education,” ibid., 260–76. 129. “Machiavelli and the Grammarians: Benedetto Riccardini and Paolo Sassi da Ronciglione,” Archivio storico italiano 173 (2015): 427–81. 130. Review of Maurizio Viroli, Redeeming The Prince: The Meaning of Machiavelli’s Masterpiece (Princeton, 2014), in Journal of Modern History 87 (2015): 461–63. 131. Review of Angela Dressen, The Library of the Badia Fiesolana: Intellectual History and Education under the Medici (1462–1494) (Florence, 2013), in Speculum 90 (2015): 797–99.

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2016

132. (With Jill Kraye and Laura Nuvoloni) Ed., Palaeography, Manuscript Illumination and Humanism in Renaissance Italy: Studies in Memory of A. C. de la Mare. Warburg Institute Colloquia, 28 (London: The Warburg Institute). 133. “Cristoforo Landino, Commentator on Horace’s Ars poetica and the Academic Tradition,” in Lorenz Böninger and Paolo Procaccioli, eds., Per Cristoforo Landino lettore di Dante: Il contesto civile e culturale, la storia tipografica e la fortuna del Comento sopra la Comedia (Florence: Le Lettere), 75–94. 134. “Niccolò Machiavelli. A Paradoxical Success,” Leidschrift 31.2 (2016): 19–32. 135. “Author’s Response” (to Nicholas Scott Baker’s review of The Medici: Citizens and Masters), Reviews in History, n. 1929 (http://www.history. ac.uk/reviews/review/1929). Posted 5 May 2016. 136. Review of Christopher S. Celenza, Machiavelli: A Portrait (Cambridge, Mass., 2015) in The English Historical Review 131 (2016): 170–72. 137. Review of Brian Jeffrey Maxson, The Humanist World of Renaissance Florence (Cambridge, 2014), in The English Historical Review 131 (2016): 893–94. 138. Review of Rocco Rubini, The Other Italian Renaissance: Italian Humanism between Hegel and Heidegger (Chicago, 2014), in The Journal of Modern History 88 (2016): 907–09. 139. Review of Coluccio Salutati, Political Writings, ed. Stefano U. Baldassari, trans. Rolf Bagemihl, (Cambridge, Mass., 2014), in Renaissance Quarterly 69 (2016):413–14. 140. Review of Nicoletta Marcelli, Gentile Becchi, il poeta, il vescovo, l’uomo (Florence, 2015), in Notizie di storia, Periodico della Società Storica Aretina 18 n. 36 (2016): 32–33.

2017

141. “Presentation” in Karl Schlebusch, Giorgio Antonio Vespucci, 1434–1514: Maestro canonico domenicano (Florence, Edizioni Nerbini), 7–10. 142. “Aldo Manuzio Grammarian,” in Pier Davide Accendere and Stefano U. Baldassarri, eds., Collectanea Manutiana: Studi critici su Aldo Manuzio (Florence: Le Lettere), 65–92.

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143. “A Humanist History in the Italian Vernacular: the Speeches in Machiavelli’s Florentine Histories,” in J. Carlos Iglesias-Zoido and Victoria Pineda, eds., Anthologies of Historiographical Speeches from Antiquity to Early Modern Times: Rearranging the Tesserae (Leiden: Brill), 339–55. 144. “The Scuola di S. Lorenzo,” in Robert W. Gaston and Louis A. Waldman, eds., San Lorenzo, A Florentine Church (Florence: Villa I Tatti, The Harvard University Center for Renaissance Studies), 356–79. 145. Forward to Agostino Vespucci, A Description of All Spain: De situ, lungi- tudine, forma et divisione totius Hispaniae libellus, ed. Gerard González Germain (Critical edition, translation, introduction and notes) (Rome: Viella), VII–VIII. 146. “Dante and Avarice: Some Historical Contexts,” in John C. Barnes and Daragh O’Connell, eds., Dante and the Seven Deadly Sins: Twelve Literary and Historical Essays (Dublin: Four Courts Press), 179–98. 147. “The Prince and the Political Thinker,” in Nicola Gardini and Martin McLaughlin, eds., Machiavelli’s Prince: Traditions, Text and Translations (Rome: Viella), 19–37. 148. “The Rise and Fall of The Latin Classics: The Evidence of Schoolbook Production in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century Italy,” Aevum 91.2 (2017): 411–64. 149. Review of Il laboratorio del Rinascimento: Studi di storia e cultura per Riccardo Fubini, ed. Lorenzo Tanzini, (Florence 2015), in Renaissance Quarterly 70 (2017): 254–55. 150. Review of Patrick Baker, Italian Renaissance Humanism in the Mirror (Cambridge 2015), in Archivio storico italiano 175 (2017): 156–60.

2018

151. Ed., La scuola pubblica a Sansepolcro tra Basso Medioevo e Primo Rinascimento (secoli XIV–XV). Biblioteca del Centro Studi “Mario Pancrazi,” T/7 (Sansepolcro: Biblioteca del Centro Studi “Mario Pancrazi”/ UB University Book). 152. “Between Grammar and Rhetoric: Poetria nova and Its Educational Context in Medieval and Renaissance Italy,” in Le poetriae del medioevo latino: Modelli, fortuna, commenti, ed. by Gian Carlo Alessio and Domenico Losappio, Venice, Edizioni Ca’ Foscari, 2018, pp. 45–69.

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153. “From Peacemaker to Tyrant: The Changing Image of Augustus in Italian Renaissance Political Thought,” in Penelope J. Goodman, ed., Afterlives of Augustus, AD 14–2014 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 178–97. 154. “Prefazione agli scritti storici,” in Pier Davide Accendere, ed., Niccolò Machiavelli. Tutte le opere secondo l’edizione di Mario Martelli (1971) (Firenze: Bompiani), 1625–41. 155. Review of David Johnston, Nadia Urbinati, and Camla Vergara, eds, Machiavelli on Liberty and Conflict (Chicago 2017), in Renaissance Quarterly 71 (2018): 292–94. 156. Review of Nicholas Scott Baker and Brian Jeffrey Maxson, eds., After Civic Humanism: Learning and Politics in Renaissance Italy (Toronto 2015), in The English Historical Review 133 (2018): 932–33. 157. Review of Peter Howard and Cecilia Hewlett, eds, Studies on Florence and the Italian Renaissance in Honour of F. W. Kent (Turnhout 2016), in The English Historical Review 133 (2018): 1294–97.

2019

158. Arezzo e Firenze nel Quattrocento: Politica e cultura. Studi di storia aretina, 15 (Arezzo, Società Storica Aretina). 159. “Kristeller and His Critics: Celenza, Rubini, Maxson, and Baker on Renaissance Humanism,” History of Humanities 4 (2019): 155–77. 160. Review of Craig Kallendorf, The Protean Virgil: Material Form and the Reception of the Classics (Oxford 2015), in International Journal of the Classical Tradition 26 (2019): 236–40. 161. Review of Irene Ceccherini, with Stefano Zamponi and David Speranzi, Sozomeno da Pistoia (1387–1458): Scrittura e libri di un umanista (Florence, 2015), in Renaissance Quarterly 72 (2019): 585–87. 162. Review of Arthur Field, The Intellectual Struggle for Florence: Humanists and the Beginnings of the Medici Regime, 1420–1440 (Oxford, 2017), in American Historical Review 124 (2019): 754–55. 163. Review of John P. McCormick, Reading Machiavelli: Scandalous Books, Suspect Engagements, and the Virtue of Populist Politics (Princeton, 2018), in Renaissance Quarterly 73 (2020): 281–82. 164. Review of Josephine Jungić, Giuliano de’ Medici, Machiavelli’s Prince in Life and Art (Montreal, 2018), in Journal of Interdisciplinary History 50 (2019): 279–81.

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