State Disaster Management Plan 2012

GOVERNMENT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH HIMACHAL PRADESH STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 2012 DISASTER MANAGEMENT CELL, DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE 39 GOVERNMENT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH HIMACHAL PRADESH STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 2012 DISASTER MANAGEMENT CELL, DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE GOVERNMENT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH STATE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN FOREWORD The state of Himachal Pradesh is prone to various types of disasters. Of the total 33 hazards identified by HPC the State is vulnerable to 25 hazards. Every year the state faces the fury of nature in the form of perils caused by the vagaries of nature and aggravated by the intervention of human beings causing havoc to life and property. It is ironical that the poor and weaker sections of society who have the least capacity to cope with the situation are the worst affected. The threat of an impending earthquake in the state hangs like the proverbial Damocles sword over the large numbers who live in the highest risk zone V as per the seismic zoning map of India. Over 70% of the people of the state are agrarian and very much dependent on the seasonal rainfall and changing climatic conditions. Erratic rainfall and weather conditions cause frequent flash floods in the catchments of the major drainage systems of the state causing extensive damage to property and life. Vulnerability to natural disasters coupled with socio economic vulnerability of people underscores the need for evolving a comprehensive plan for disaster management. Traditionally communities have accepted disasters as acts of God and lived with them. With the advent of modern technologies it has now become possible to manage a disaster at various stages using knowledge products and techniques available to us to predict and mitigate the impact. Preparation of plan, identification of roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders is an important step in this direction. The implementation of policy, rules, guidelines and available tools and techniques will go a long way in reducing the risks and vulnerability of people and critical infrastructure in the state. In order to ensure disaster mitigation we need to mainstream sustainable development by incorporating vulnerability reduction as part of the planning process. The State Disaster Management Plan envisages using the available resources in all phases of disaster management, while addressing the multidimensional and multi sectoral aspects of disasters and the differing with varying vulnerability across the state. While the existing command and operation centric institutional mechanism is very effective and robust for carrying out response, relief, rehabilitation, the plan recognizes the need to reorient it to address the whole gamut of disaster management issues like prevention, mitigation, response, relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction. The plan also attempts to put in place a coordinated, comprehensive and management centric response system with the active participation of community and by delineating proper sequence of actions at various stages of disaster management. I am sure that the availability of this plan will strengthen and facilitate proactive action on all phases of disaster management as it provides necessary direction and guidance for different stakeholders including victims of the disaster. I hope that this effort of the SEC will usher in a new era of enhanced capacities for managing disasters risks and in generating necessary knowledge, skills, resources, motivation, attitude and accountability that will help in evolving a culture of prevention and preparedness and mitigating the impact of all possible hazards. (SUDRIPTA ROY) Chief Secretary cum Chairman, State Executive Committee Cum CEO State Disaster Management Authority Govt. of Himachal Pradesh ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The first draft of this plan was prepared by SEEDS in Consultation with all stakeholders including Department of Revenue. The draft was revised and reformatted by the Revenue Department by reassessing the vulnerability risks and district specific peculiarities. The contributions of SEEDS in preparing the first draft document are highly appreciated. The comments and inputs provided by concerned Departments have also helped in preparing this plan. We would like to place on record the appreciation to all who have contributed directly or indirectly in the preparing this plan. The contributions of Shri Dinesh Malhotra, Director HIPA, Dr. R.K. Sood as Advisor cum Consultant and Shri D.C. Rana as State Project Officer UNDP in compiling, upgrading and revising the draft are highly appreciable. Shri Navneet Yadav (United Nations Volunteer) and Shri Sachin Chauhan (Project Associate- I.T.) have helped in the layout design and formatting of this DOCUMENT. (GOPAL CHAND) Additional Secretary (Revenue) to the Government of Himachal Pradesh, Disaster Management Cell (Department of Revenue) PREFACE The Disaster Management Act, 2005 stipulates every state in India to prepare its own disaster management plan aimed at reducing potential loss of life and property in disasters as well as ensuring strong preparedness, response, relief and rehabilitation measures for coping with disasters. This Plan has been prepared as per the guidelines provided by the National Disaster Management Authority and based on existing hazard vulnerability and risk perception of the various stakeholders. The roles and functions to be played by the different organs of institutional mechanism have been defined taking into consideration the specificities of the state. Disaster management, by its very nature, requires a multi-disciplinary approach hence a strong coordination mechanism forms the core of successful Disaster Management. This Plan outlines the functions of the principal Agencies like SDMA, SEC, State Relief Commissioner, and DDMA. The Himachal Pradesh State Disaster Management Authority (HP SDMA) and SEC is supported by the line departments. However the functions identified for each line department are mandatory and each line department and DDMA are required to prepare their own disaster management plans in conformity with the State Plan. The present plan is an outcome of the information assimilated from various secondary sources as the systematic data on the HVRA for the State is being compiled as yet. The process for evolving a comprehensive HVRA in the form of an Atlas has been initiated. This Plan will be reviewed annually by the SEC to ensure all activities and information is updated using the HVRA Atlas that will be ready by the end of 2013. Regular training of all stakeholders and specially the officials would be carried out to ensure compliance and quick response during disaster situations. In order to identify the training requirements and to assess the present status of knowledge, attitude and prevailing practices, TNA of all stakeholders has been conducted and KAP studies have also been initiated so that training and awareness programmes are more focused and result-oriented. The Plan has been structured for easy understanding and clear demarcation of roles and responsibilities for scenarios before, during and after disasters. Past experience has shown that each disaster situation throws up a new set of challenges which the government has to deal with. It is therefore impractical to go to each spectrum in anticipating every possible situation. The Plan adopts a comprehensive approach to prepare the State Machinery to tackle any Disaster like situation i.e. Earthquake Landslides, Drought, Floods/Flash floods, Cloud burst, Dam Burst, Forest fire, Urban and Rural Fire, stampede etc. It is hoped that the Plan serves the purpose for which it is designed, to ensure safety and well being of the citizens of Himachal Pradesh. (DEEPAK SANAN) Relief Commissioner cum Additional Chief Secretary (Revenue) to the Government of Himachal Pradesh Contents Page No. Bird’s Eye view of the Plan PART I: GENERAL Chapter I - Introduction 1.1 State Profile 1 1.1.1 Physical Location 1 1.1.2 Demography 1 1.1.3 Administrative Units 2 1.1.4 Topography 2 1.1.5 Geological & Geomorphology 3 1.1.6 Climate 4 1.1.7 Land use 6 1.1.8 Forests 6 1.1.9 Agriculture 7 1.1.10 Rivers and Catchments 7 1.1.11 Lakes/Reservoirs 7 1.1.12 Health 7 1.1.13 Education 7 1.1.14 Roads and Bridges 8 1.2 State Disaster Management Plan 8 1.2.1 Paradigm Shift in DM 8 1.2.2 National Vision 8 1.2.3 The role of the state Disaster Management Authority (SDMA)/ State Executive Committee (SEC) and the State Departments 8 1.2.4 Purpose of the Plan 8 1.2.5 Key Objectives 8 1.2.6 State Plan Approach 9 1.2.7 Multi-Hazard Approach 10 Chapter II - Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysis 2.1 Hazards & Vulnerability 11 2.1.1 State Profile 11 2.1.2 Potential Hazard Threat to the State 12 2.2 Past Disasters & Lesson Learnt 14 2.3 Brief Overview of Major Hazards 16 2.3.1 Seismic Hazard 16 2.4 Landslides 22 2.5 Floods 27 2.5.1 Flash Flood 29 2.6 Glacial Lake Outburst Floods 31 2.7 Avalanches 33 2.8 Forest Fire 34 2.9 Drought 35 2.10 Road Accident 36 2.11 Industrial Hazards 37 2.12 Temple Stampedes 42 2.13 Air Crash 42 2.14 Man and Animal Conflict 43 2.15 Vulnerability 43 2.15.1 Accessibility 43 2.15.2 Dispersed Settlements 44 2.15.3 Harsh Climate 44 2.15.4 Seismic Vulnerability & Risk 44 2.15.5 Vulnerability to floods & Flash floods 48 2.15.6 Vulnerability to Cloud bursts 49 2.15.7 Vulnerability to Drought 52 2.15.8 Vulnerability to Landslides 52 2.15.9 Vulnerability to Fires 53 2.15.10 Vulnerability and Risk mapping 54 2.15.11 Vulnerability to Climate Change 56 2.16 Risk Identification 59 2.17

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