To Have and to Hold: Asset Development for Community And

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To Have and to Hold: Asset Development for Community And To have and to hold The Development Trusts Association guide to asset development for community and social enterprises (Second edition) Lorraine Hart To have and to hold 1 To have and to hold (TO PRINT) 07-09-10.indd 1 7/9/10 11:32:45 Contents 01 Overview 3 02 Context 13 03 Starting points 19 04 Maintenance and management 31 05 Building support from stakeholders 43 06 Feasibility 51 07 Finance for asset development and transfer 61 08 Business planning 75 09 Design and construction process 85 10 Legal issues 95 11 Online resources and publications 107 12 Directory 113 To have and to hold (TO PRINT) 07-09-10.indd 2 7/9/10 11:32:45 01 Overview To have and to hold 3 To have and to hold (TO PRINT) 07-09-10.indd 3 7/9/10 11:32:45 Introduction ,W LV QRZ ¿YH \HDUV VLQFH WKH 'HYHORSPHQW 7UXVW $VVRFLDWLRQ '7$ published ‘To have and to hold - the DTA Guide to Asset Development for &RPPXQLW\DQG6RFLDO(QWHUSULVH¶ 6LQFH WKHQ DV DOZD\V RQO\ RQH FHUWDLQW\ KDV H[LVWHG WKDW WKLQJV ZLOO FKDQJH7KHSROLWLFDOHFRQRPLFVRFLDOHQYLURQPHQWDODQGWHFKQRORJLFDO FRQWH[W IRU DVVHW GHYHORSPHQW KDV FRPSOHWHO\ WUDQVIRUPHG 1HZ JRYHUQPHQW LQLWLDWLYHV DQG W\SHV RI LQYHVWPHQW KDYH EHHQ GHYHORSHG DQGQHZRQHVZLOOWDNHVKDSHDVWKHHIIHFWVRIWKHJOREDO¿QDQFLDOFULVLV ULSSOHDFURVVDOODUHDVRIOLIH3HRSOHDUHWU\LQJWRUHVSRQGSRVLWLYHO\WR WKHVKULQNDJHRIWKHZRUOG¶VELRGLYHUVLW\DQGWKHHIIHFWV RI KXPDQ DFWLYLW\ WKDW GHSOHWH WKH HDUWK¶V UHVRXUFHV 7KHIDFWWKDWZHDUHKHUHWRGD\WRODXQFKWKH'H- DFURVVWKHZRUOG7KHLQWHUQHWDQGQHZPHGLDFRQWLQXH velopment Trusts Association is an indication of WRPDNHDPDVVLYHGLIIHUHQFHWRWKHZD\ZHZRUNKDYH KRZIDUZHKDYHWUDYHOOHGLQDVKRUWWLPH6XSSRUWHGE\ *RYHUQPHQWQRWDVDFKDULW\EXWDVDSDUWQHUUHFRJQLVHG IXQHDUQDOLYLQJDQGFRPPXQLFDWHZLWKHDFKRWKHUDW DVDYDOXDEOHHOHPHQWLQWKHVROXWLRQRIFRPPXQLW\SURE- VSHHGDQGDFURVVYDVWGLVWDQFHV “OHPVZHKDYHDUHVSRQVLELOLW\WRGHYHORSWKHVNLOOVRIWKH PDUNHWSODFHWRPDNHWKHPRYHPHQWDPDMRUVXFFHVV %XWVRPHWKLQJVKDYHVWD\HGWKHVDPHLWLVVWLOOGLI¿FXOWWR ,WLVQRWDTXHVWLRQRIGRLQJWKLQJVDOLWWOHEHWWHUWKDQZH EULQJDERXWWUDQVIRUPDWLRQLQGLVDGYDQWDJHGFRPPXQLWLHV KDYHGRQHLQWKHSDVWEXWWDNLQJTXDQWXPOHDSVLQFRP- WKDWODVWVDQGJRHVEH\RQGEULFNVDQGPRUWDU7KLVVHHPV PXQLW\HQWHUSULVHDQGUHPHPEHULQJWKDWZKHUHZHODQG LVQRWDUHVWLQJSODFHIRUFRQWHPSODWLQJ\RXUQDYHOEXW WREHWUXHLQERWKWKH8.DQGHOVHZKHUH'LVFULPLQDWLRQ RQO\DODXQFKLQJSDGIRUDELJJHUDQGEHWWHUHQWHUSULVH´ FRQWLQXHV WR EOLJKW LQGLYLGXDO SHRSOH¶V OLYHV DQG WKHLU Paddy Doherty, QHLJKERXUKRRGV 7KH JDS EHWZHHQ ULFK DQG SRRU KDV President Development Trusts Association 1992 ZLGHQHG7KHGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQWKHQRUWKDQGVRXWK RIWKH8.UHPDLQHQWUHQFKHG It is however still possible for people to make a difference in their QHLJKERXUKRRGVDQGWROHDUQIURPRWKHUVZKRKDYHGRQHWKHVDPH0DQ\ '7$DQG&RPPXQLW\$OOLDQFHPHPEHUVKDYHEHHQGRLQJWKLVIRUDORQJ WLPHRWKHUVKDYHMXVWVWDUWHG:KLFKPHDQVWKDWWKHSRRORISHRSOHDQG H[SHULHQFHVWRGUDZRQLVJUHDWHUWKDQHYHU 7KHUH DUH DOVR RSSRUWXQLWLHV QRZ WKDW GLG QRW H[LVW LQ IRU ORFDO FRPPXQLW\ EDVHG RUJDQLVDWLRQV WR EHQH¿W LQ WKH ORQJ WHUP IURP WKH GHYHORSPHQWRIODQGDQGEXLOGLQJVWRWDNHUHVSRQVLELOLW\IRUWKHLURZQHUVKLS DQGFRQWURODQGLPSURYHDQGXVHWKHPWRPHHWFRPPXQLW\QHHGV 7KLVSXEOLFDWLRQDLPVWRKHOSSHRSOHDQGRUJDQLVDWLRQVZKRZDQWWRGR MXVWWKDW 4 Development Trusts Association / Asset Transfer Unit To have and to hold (TO PRINT) 07-09-10.indd 4 7/9/10 11:32:45 Who this guide is for? 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refers to UHDFKWKRVHREMHFWLYHV the policies and associated procedures that public authorities VXFKDVORFDOFRXQFLOV PD\ use to transfer the ownership of DQDVVHWWRDFRPPXQLW\EDVHG RUJDQLVDWLRQ 6 Development Trusts Association / Asset Transfer Unit To have and to hold (TO PRINT) 07-09-10.indd 6 7/9/10 11:32:45 X Community - used here to X Governance - This refers X Transfer of ownership - LQFOXGHFRPPXQLWLHVRISODFH D to who makes decisions in an refers to a stake in the asset QHLJKERXUKRRGHVWDWHRUWRZQ RUJDQLVDWLRQ SDUWO\GH¿QHGE\ IUHHKROGRUOHDVHKROG WREH RULQWHUHVW SHRSOHZLWKFRPPRQ WKHZD\DQRUJDQLVDWLRQLVVHWXS SDVVHGWRDFRPPXQLW\EDVHG FKDUDFWHULVWLFVDJHJHQGHUHWF OHJDOO\DQGZKDWLWKDVEHHQVHW RUJDQLVDWLRQVRPHWLPHVLQ RUDQLVVXHRQZKLFKWKH\IHHO XSWRDFKLHYH DQGKRZWKH\PDNH H[FKDQJHIRUIXQGVDSHSSHUFRUQ VWURQJO\HJWKHHQYLURQPHQW RU WKHP ZKRLVLQFOXGHGLQGHFLVLRQ UHQWDQDJUHHPHQWWRXVHWKH FRPPRQQHHGV SHRSOHZKRQHHG PDNLQJDQGZKRJHWVWRNQRZ DVVHWIRUVSHFL¿FSXUSRVHVRUD KRXVLQJHPSOR\PHQWRUSXEOLF about what decisions have FRPELQDWLRQRIWKHVH VHUYLFHV 0RVWSURMHFWVPXVW EHHQPDGH X Viable - 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this refers to RUJDQLVDWLRQ,WLVOLQNHGWREXW ZKHWKHUDSURMHFWFDQEH GLIIHUHQWWRYLDELOLW\ZKLFKUHIHUV GHYHORSHGWRPHHWWKHREMHFWLYHV VSHFL¿FDOO\WRWKH¿QDQFLDO RIWKHSURMHFWJLYHQLWVFRQWH[W UHTXLUHPHQWVDSURMHFWPD\ and the resources available have to sustain it over a VSHFL¿HGSHULRG To have and to hold 7 To have and to hold (TO PRINT) 07-09-10.indd 7 7/9/10 11:32:45 How to use this guide +RZWKLVJXLGHLVXVHGGHSHQGVRQWKHSHRSOHXVLQJLWDQGWKHLUUROHLQWKH SURJUHVVRIDQDVVHWSURMHFW6RPHSHRSOHOHDUQEHVWE\UHDGLQJRWKHUVE\ GRLQJDQGFRQVXOWLQJERRNVDQGRWKHUVE\VHHNLQJDGYLFHRQO\DVLVVXHV DULVH6RVRPHSHRSOHZLOOUHDGWKHJXLGHLQRQHJRRWKHUVZLOOMXVWORRNIRU VSHFL¿FWKLQJV
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