IN DEPTH and in BREADTH ROYAL NAVAL DIVING Vol. 13 No. 1
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An Evaluation of Oivi Ng and Submersible Systems I
I , \ I AN EVALUATION OF OIVI NG AND SUBMERSIBLE SYSTEMS I. BY ROGE R W. COOK AND JEFFREYR. PRENTICE PRESENTED TO: THE MON ITOR NATIONAL CON FE REt~CE RALEIGH) NORTH CAROLINA APRI L 2 - 4, 1978 I. HARBOR BRANCH FOUNDATION TECHNICAL REPORT No.21 , HISTORY ·One of the first written records of man's ability to work underwater is found in the writings of Herodotus in the 5th Century B.C. He tells of a diver named Scyllis who worked to recover sunken treasure for King Xerxes. There are many other accounts of divers working underwater by holding their breath for two to three minutes but it was not until 1500-1800 A.D. that any significant advancements were made which could be attributed to present day diving technology. During the period after 1500, a device called a diving bell came into the forefront as a practical tool to explore the underwater world. The device was called a bell because it resembled a typical church bell of the times. The first account of such equipment being used was in 1531. Bells did not advance much until the 1680's when an adventurer named William Phipps from Massachusetts supplied air toa bell by lowering inverted, weighted buckets of air to the divers. The famed astronomer, Edmund Halley, also developed a bell and demonstrated his system in 1690. Other inventions by various people were developed but were all like the first diving bells limited by the fact that air could not oe continuously supplied to the divers. It was not until the turn of the 19th Century that a hand oper ated air pump was developed which could deliver a continuous supply of air. -
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SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN FRONTIERS PROGRAM #1503 "Going Deep" AIRDATE: February 2, 2005 ALAN ALDA Hello and welcome to Scientific American Frontiers. I'm Alan Alda. It's said that the oceans, which cover more than two thirds of the earth's surface, are less familiar to us than the surface of the moon. If you consider the volume of the oceans, it's actually more than ninety percent of the habitable part of the earth that we don't know too much about. The main reason for our relative ignorance is simply that the deep ocean is an absolutely forbidding environment. It's pitch dark, extremely cold and with pressures that are like having a 3,000-foot column of lead pressing down on every square inch -- which does sound pretty uncomfortable. In this program we're going to see how people finally made it to the ocean floor, and we'll find out about the scientific revolutions they brought back with them. We're going to go diving in the Alvin, the little submarine that did so much of the work. And we're going to glimpse the future, as Alvin's successor takes shape in a small seaside town on Cape Cod. That's coming up in tonight's episode, Going Deep. INTO THE DEEP ALAN ALDA (NARRATION) Woods Hole, Massachusetts. It's one of the picturesque seaside towns that draw the tourists to Cape Cod each year. But few seaside towns have what Woods Hole has. For 70 years it's been home to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution — an organization that does nothing but study the world's oceans. -
The Mississippi River Find
The Journal of Diving History, Volume 23, Issue 1 (Number 82), 2015 Item Type monograph Publisher Historical Diving Society U.S.A. Download date 04/10/2021 06:15:15 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/32902 First Quarter 2015 • Volume 23 • Number 82 • 23 Quarter 2015 • Volume First Diving History The Journal of The Mississippi River Find Find River Mississippi The The Journal of Diving History First Quarter 2015, Volume 23, Number 82 THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FIND This issue is dedicated to the memory of HDS Advisory Board member Lotte Hass 1928 - 2015 HISTORICAL DIVING SOCIETY USA A PUBLIC BENEFIT NONPROFIT CORPORATION PO BOX 2837, SANTA MARIA, CA 93457 USA TEL. 805-934-1660 FAX 805-934-3855 e-mail: [email protected] or on the web at www.hds.org PATRONS OF THE SOCIETY HDS USA BOARD OF DIRECTORS Ernie Brooks II Carl Roessler Dan Orr, Chairman James Forte, Director Leslie Leaney Lee Selisky Sid Macken, President Janice Raber, Director Bev Morgan Greg Platt, Treasurer Ryan Spence, Director Steve Struble, Secretary Ed Uditis, Director ADVISORY BOARD Dan Vasey, Director Bob Barth Jack Lavanchy Dr. George Bass Clement Lee Tim Beaver Dick Long WE ACKNOWLEDGE THE CONTINUED Dr. Peter B. Bennett Krov Menuhin SUPPORT OF THE FOLLOWING: Dick Bonin Daniel Mercier FOUNDING CORPORATIONS Ernest H. Brooks II Joseph MacInnis, M.D. Texas, Inc. Jim Caldwell J. Thomas Millington, M.D. Best Publishing Mid Atlantic Dive & Swim Svcs James Cameron Bev Morgan DESCO Midwest Scuba Jean-Michel Cousteau Phil Newsum Kirby Morgan Diving Systems NJScuba.net David Doubilet Phil Nuytten Dr. -
Scuba Diving History
Scuba diving history Scuba history from a diving bell developed by Guglielmo de Loreno in 1535 up to John Bennett’s dive in the Philippines to amazing 308 meter in 2001 and much more… Humans have been diving since man was required to collect food from the sea. The need for air and protection under water was obvious. Let us find out how mankind conquered the sea in the quest to discover the beauty of the under water world. 1535 – A diving bell was developed by Guglielmo de Loreno. 1650 – Guericke developed the first air pump. 1667 – Robert Boyle observes the decompression sickness or “the bends”. After decompression of a snake he noticed gas bubbles in the eyes of a snake. 1691 – Another diving bell a weighted barrels, connected with an air pipe to the surface, was patented by Edmund Halley. 1715 – John Lethbridge built an underwater cylinder that was supplied via an air pipe from the surface with compressed air. To prevent the water from entering the cylinder, greased leather connections were integrated at the cylinder for the operators arms. 1776 – The first submarine was used for a military attack. 1826 – Charles Anthony and John Deane patented a helmet for fire fighters. This helmet was used for diving too. This first version was not fitted to the diving suit. The helmet was attached to the body of the diver with straps and air was supplied from the surfa 1837 – Augustus Siebe sealed the diving helmet of the Deane brothers’ to a watertight diving suit and became the standard for many dive expeditions. -
Chapter 23 ENVIRONMENTAL EXTREMES: ALTERNOBARIC
Environmental Extremes: Alternobaric Chapter 23 ENVIRONMENTAL EXTREMES: ALTERNOBARIC RICHARD A. SCHEURING, DO, MS*; WILLIAM RAINEY JOHNSON, MD†; GEOFFREY E. CIARLONE, PhD‡; DAVID KEYSER, PhD§; NAILI CHEN, DO, MPH, MASc¥; and FRANCIS G. O’CONNOR, MD, MPH¶ INTRODUCTION DEFINITIONS MILITARY HISTORY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY Altitude Aviation Undersea Operations MILITARY APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY Altitude Aviation Undersea Operations HUMAN PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION STRATEGIES FOR EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS Altitude Aviation Undersea Operations ONLINE RESOURCES FOR ALTERNOBARIC ENVIRONMENTS SUMMARY *Colonel, Medical Corps, US Army Reserve; Associate Professor, Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sci- ences, Bethesda, Maryland †Lieutenant, Medical Corps, US Navy; Undersea Medical Officer, Undersea Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland ‡Lieutenant, Medical Service Corps, US Navy; Research Physiologist, Undersea Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland §Program Director, Traumatic Injury Research Program; Assistant Professor, Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland ¥Colonel, Medical Corps, US Air Force; Assistant Professor, Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland ¶Colonel (Retired), Medical Corps, US Army; Professor and former Department Chair, Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, -
Three from One 4000 Pi* Siebe Gorman Present a New Air Compressor and Cylinder Charging
1111111P www.mcdoa.org.uk oft-$.71-011 C=----7.---- j_._ ---iogreri, '17,01imoimmoiniii111111111111111111111111111111111111111110011111111111111111111111Milionollisidtml.„.mi :; L .,-4 t immomi. —do Three from One 4000 pi* Siebe Gorman present a new air compressor and cylinder charging _ ,......... decanting set, with an integrated = .......,.. control panel, which can be used for ,, three distinct operations:— .4 To charge large high pressure air if,... storage cylinders to 40001b./sq.in. -.7 To decant air from storage cylinders into breathing apparatus or aqualung cylinders. To charge breathing apparatus cylin- ders direct from the compressor. filter and control panel is mounted in a tubular steel carrying frame null Neptune 4000 weighs approximately 400 lb. It cue be Siebe Gorman's new high pressure used independently or incorporated compressor set is designed to provide in a static installation. a versatile unit for charging breathing apparatus or aqualung cylinders with • clean, dry air to pressures between "Reclaim" 1800 and 4000 p.s.i. Driven by either a NIAN g!O , ".P 4 stroke petrol engine or electric 01 I NGI ANI rri III„ O For further information, pleaso write to motor, the air-cooled compressor has """""""111111MIMINI11111111111111111!!111""""""119111111111111101110010111111111111111im" an output of 4.5 cu. ft. of nominal free Siebe Gorman & Co. Ltd., Neptune Works, Davis Road, air per minute. The complete appara- Chessington, Surrey. tus, consisting of motor, compressor, Telephone: Lower Hook 6171/8 Printed by Coast)), & Co. Ltd., St. James's Road, Southsen, 1111111, Cs, 1.1 M C VCRAIAM 21. www.mcdoa.org.uk We specialise in EVERYTHING FOR THE UNDERWATER SPORTSMAN including the latest designs and all the better makes of LUNGS DIVING SUITS SWIMMING GEAR & EQUIPMENT Stainless steel Rolex Oyster. -
Adm Issue 10 Finnished
4x4x4x4 Four times a year Four times the copy Four times the quality Four times the dive experience Advanced Diver Magazine might just be a quarterly magazine, printing four issues a year. Still, compared to all other U.S. monthly dive maga- zines, Advanced Diver provides four times the copy, four times the quality and four times the dive experience. The staff and contribu- tors at ADM are all about diving, diving more than should be legally allowed. We are constantly out in the field "doing it," exploring, photographing and gathering the latest information about what we love to do. In this issue, you might notice that ADM is once again expanding by 16 pages to bring you, our readers, even more information and contin- ued high-quality photography. Our goal is to be the best dive magazine in the history of diving! I think we are on the right track. Tell us what you think and read about what others have to say in the new "letters to bubba" section found on page 17. Curt Bowen Publisher Issue 10 • • Pg 3 Advanced Diver Magazine, Inc. © 2001, All Rights Reserved Editor & Publisher Curt Bowen General Manager Linda Bowen Staff Writers / Photographers Jeff Barris • Jon Bojar Brett Hemphill • Tom Isgar Leroy McNeal • Bill Mercadante John Rawlings • Jim Rozzi Deco-Modeling Dr. Bruce Wienke Text Editor Heidi Spencer Assistants Rusty Farst • Tim O’Leary • David Rhea Jason Richards • Joe Rojas • Wes Skiles Contributors (alphabetical listing) Mike Ball•Philip Beckner•Vern Benke Dan Block•Bart Bjorkman•Jack & Karen Bowen Steve Cantu•Rich & Doris Chupak•Bob Halstead Jitka Hyniova•Steve Keene•Dan Malone Tim Morgan•Jeff Parnell•Duncan Price Jakub Rehacek•Adam Rose•Carl Saieva Susan Sharples•Charley Tulip•David Walker Guy Wittig•Mark Zurl Advanced Diver Magazine is published quarterly in Bradenton, Florida. -
Three from One = 4000 Magazi
www.mcdoa.org.uk N A V AS MAGAzi totzsin Three from One = 4000 iiiiiiimmommhill111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111miniiiimnum 11 •_„,,• Siebe Gorman present a now air compressor and cylinder charging decanting set, with an integrated control panel, which can be used for three distinct operations:— To charge large high pressure air storage cylinders to 40001b./sq.in. To decant air from storage cylinders into breathing apparatus or aqualung cylinders. To charge breathing apparatus cylin- ders direct from the compressor. filter and,control panel is mounted In a tubujik.Steel carrying frame and Neptune 4000 weighs-aiiiiroximately 400 lb. It can be Siebe Gorman's new high pressure used independently or incorporated compressor set is designed to provide in a static installation. a versatile unit for charging breathing apparatus or aqualung cylinders with clean, dry air to pressures between ;14,44, 1800 and 4000 p.s.i. Driven by either a `1AN Marineland—see page 9 Ut`, 4 stroke petrol engine or electric 01 ENGLAND -t motor, the air-cooled compressor has For further information, nii, write to 111111111111111141111 1111„i an output of 4.5 cu. ft. of nominal free Siebe Gorman & Co. Ltd., """"""1111111111IM11111111111111111111111 iiiiiiiiiimilimill111191111111111111111111111111111111111111111411 „1040 Neptune Works, Davis Road, F 0,40 air per minute. The complete appara- Chessington, Surrey. -.0.4640 tus, consisting of motor, compressor, Telephone: Lower Hook 8171/8 Printed by Coasby & Co. Ltd., St. James's Road, Southsea, Hai is www.mcdoa.org.uk Vol. 11 No. 1 2/- www.mcdoa.org.uk We specialise in EVERYTHING FOR THE UNDERWATER SPORTSMAN including the latest designs and all the better makes of LUNGS DIVING SUITS SWIMMING GEAR & EQUIPMENT Stainless steel Roles- Oyster, f37. -
'The Last of the Earth's Frontiers': Sealab, the Aquanaut, and the US
‘The Last of the earth’s frontiers’: Sealab, the Aquanaut, and the US Navy’s battle against the sub-marine Rachael Squire Department of Geography Royal Holloway, University of London Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of PhD, University of London, 2017 Declaration of Authorship I, Rachael Squire, hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. Signed: ___Rachael Squire_______ Date: __________9.5.17________ 2 Contents Declaration…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2 Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6 List of figures……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8 List of abbreviations…………………………………………………………………………………………… 12 Preface: Charting a course: From the Bay of Gibraltar to La Jolla Submarine Canyon……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 The Sealab Prayer………………………………………………………………………………………………. 18 Chapter 1: Introducing Sealab …………………………………………………………………………… 19 1.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….... 20 1.1 Empirical and conceptual opportunities ……………………....................... 24 1.2 Thesis overview………………………………………………………………………………. 30 1.3 People and projects: a glossary of the key actors in Sealab……………… 33 Chapter 2: Geography in and on the sea: towards an elemental geopolitics of the sub-marine …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 39 2.0 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………. 40 2.1 The sea in geography………………………………………………………………………. -
Orcas in Our Midst, Volume 2, the Next Generation
Salish Sea Watershed and Columbia Basin The Salish Sea includes marine waters from Puget Sound, Washington to Georgia Strait, British Columbia. Orcas forage and travel throughout these inland waters, and also depend on salmon returning to the Columbia River, especially in winter months. Map courtesy of Harvey Greenberg, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington (from USGS data). The Whales Who Share Our Inland Waters J pod, with some L pod orcas, in a formation known as “resting.” In this pattern, pods travel slowly in tight lines just under the surface for a few minutes, then rise for a series of blows for a minute or two. Photo by Jeff Hogan. Volume 2: The Next Generation Second Edition, March, 2006, updated August 2010 First edition funded by Puget Sound Action Team’s Public Involvement and Education Program by Howard Garrett Orca Network Whidbey Island, Washington Olympia, Washington www.orcanetwork.org www.psat.wa.gov Teachers: Student Activity guides by Jeff Hogan, Killer Whale Tales, Vashon, WA available at www.killerwhaletales.org or contact [email protected]. Orca Network is dedicated to raising awareness about the whales of the Pacific Northwest and the importance of providing them healthy and safe habitats. COVER: “Salmon Hunter” by Randall Scott Courtesy of Wild Wings, LLC.Lake City, MN 55041 Prints by the artist may be ordered by calling 1-800-445-4833 J1, at over 50 years old, swims in the center of a tight group of close family including newborn J38, at right. Photo by Jeff Hogan, Killer Whale Tales. Dedication To the mysterious orcas roaming these bountiful waters, to readers of all ages who seek to understand wildlife in their natural settings, to celebrate the whales’ presence here, and to help protect and restore the habitats we share with our orca neighbors. -
RCN DIVING BRANCH HISTORY – Part One by Chuck Rolfe – 2014
RCN DIVING BRANCH HISTORY – Part One By Chuck Rolfe – 2014 Prior to the early 1950’s, all diving in the Royal Canadian Navy(RCN) was conducted using Standard Dress(Hardhat/Mk 5 helmet)equipment, with Navy Divers(DV) being trained by the Royal Navy(RN) at Whale Island in Portsmouth Harbour, England. Volunteers of Men from the RCN came from various Trades within the Navy and, when trained as DV’s, wore a small hardhat badge on their right sleeve, six inches up from the cuff. He would then be employed as a Diver or, returned to be employed in his primary Trade, with the proviso that he may be called upon to complete any diving tasks required. The earliest date I could locate for Divers being employed in Canada, was from an article from the 1992 Old Farmer’s Almanac “The Morning That Halifax Was Blown to Smithereens” and in a book “A Thousand Brave Canadians”, which stated there were two Divers in the water, an RCN Chief Master‐at‐Arms(MAA) supervising and six men manning the handpumps. After the explosion, the MAA, both Divers and one RN(R) AB Newfoundlander on the handpump were living, while five handpumpers had expired. The Chief MAA was awarded the MBE, while the AB Newfoundlander was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal(Naval). This largest man‐made explosion(prior to the Atom Bomb)was caused by the Norwegian steamer IMO crashing into the French munitions ship MONT BLANC in the Halifax Harbour narrows on 6 December 1917. During World War Two(WW II), from 1939 to 1945, most of the training of RCN Divers was conducted on both the East and West Coasts of Canada, although some Officers continued training in Portsmouth, England. -
Review of Human Physiology in the Underwater Environment
Available online at www.ijmrhs.com cal R edi ese M ar of c l h a & n r H u e o a J l l t h International Journal of Medical Research & a S n ISSN No: 2319-5886 o c i t i Health Sciences, 2019, 8(8): 117-121 e a n n c r e e t s n I • • IJ M R H S Review of Human Physiology in the Underwater Environment Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi1,2* 1 Marine Science University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia 2 Fisheries Diving School, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia *Corresponding e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Since before centuries, human tries hard to explore underwater and in 1940’s human-introduced an important and revolutionary gear i.e. scuba that allowed human-made long interaction in the underwater world. Since diving using pressure gas under pressure environment, it should be considered to remember gas law (Boyle’s law). The gas law gives a clear understanding of physiological consequences related to diving diseases such as barotrauma or condition in which tissue or organ is damage due to gas pressure. The organ which has direct effect related to compression and expansion of gas were lungs, ear, and sinus. These organs were common and potentially fatigue injury for a diver. In this article we shall review the history of scuba diving, physical stress caused underwater environment, physiology adaptation of lung, ear, and sinus, and diving disease. Keywords: Barotrauma, Boyle’s law, Scuba, Barine, Physical stress INTRODUCTION The underwater world is a place where many people dream to explore it.