DOCSLIB.ORG

Vigilance from Above

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Vigilance from Above Cover1111-fin_AA Template copy 10/21/11 10:40 AM Page 1 10 AMERICA AEROSPACE November 2011 NOVEBER 2011 NOVEBER Vigilance from above Space and risk analysis paralysis Supply chain globalization grows more complex A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS 7” This document has text at the very edge of the live area. 10” If this is incorrect, please check large-ad-guides-margin.pdf TOC.NOV2011_AA Template 10/18/11 11:11 AM Page 1 Page 8 November 2011 DEPARTMENTS EDITORIAL 3 A price too high. Page 10 INTERNATIONAL BEAT 4 Supply chain globalization grows more complex. WASHINGTON WATCH 8 Feuding, fighters, and the future. THE VIEW FROM HERE 10 Preparing NASA’s astronauts for the High Frontier. AIRCRAFT UPDATE 14 Defense cuts set to impact aircraft. Page 14 ENGINEERING NOTEBOOK 18 From ice to flameout. OUT OF THE PAST 36 CAREER OPPORTUNITIES 39 FEATURES VIGILANCE FROM ABOVE: THE NRO AT 50 20 Page 18 Once cloaked in secrecy, the NRO is marking a half-century of vital contributions to the peace and security of the U.S. and its allies. by James W. Canan VIEWPOINT: SPACE AND RISK ANALYSIS PARALYSIS 29 Acknowledging the possibility of failure is the only way to break the cycle of having programs that are very late and deeply over budget. by Col. Fred G. Kennedy BULLETIN AIAA Meeting Schedule B2 AIAA Courses and Training Program B4 AIAA News B5 Page 29 Meeting Program B13 COVER Once an agency so secret that its very existence was not acknowledged, the National Reconnaissance Office has marked its 50th anniversary by drawing the curtains back—a bit. Turn to page 20 to learn about the NRO’s history. Aerospace America (ISSN 0740-722X) is published monthly, except August, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. at 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, Va. 20191-4344 [703/264-7500]. Subscription rate is 50% of dues for AIAA members (and is not deductible therefrom). Nonmember subscription price: U.S. and Canada, $163, foreign, $200. Single copies $20 each. Postmaster: Send address changes and subscription orders to address above, attention AIAA Customer Service, 703/264-7500. Periodical postage paid at Herndon, VA, and at additional mailing offices. Copyright © 2011 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., all rights reserved. The name Aerospace America is registered by the AIAA in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 40,000 copies of this issue printed. This is Volume 49, No. 10. Support the AIAA Foundation CFC #53057 Impact, Inspire, Invest Our Vision A simple, compelling philosophy drives our commitment to education in science, technology, engineering, and math: Make it exciting, make it empowering, and make it fun. e AIAA Foundation: Advances STEM education through K–12 education programs, reaching more than 10,000 students each year. Prepares students for the workforce with merit-based scholarships and annual student conferences worldwide. Promotes professional achievement through our competitive honors and awards programs for industry professionals and educators. Fosters innovation as students and professionals participate in design competitions, paper competitions, and peer presentations. www.aiaafoundation.org 11-0638 aa ad.indd 1 9/9/11 2:15 PM edit.november_AA Template 10/18/11 11:13 AM Page 1 ® is a publication of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Elaine J. Camhi Editor-in-Chief Patricia Jefferson Associate Editor Greg Wilson Production Editor Jerry Grey, Editor-at-Large A price too high Christine Williams, Editor AIAA Bulletin Correspondents As Atlantis touched down at Kennedy Space Center on July 21, STS-135, and Robert F. Dorr, Washington the U.S. space shuttle program, came to an end. For months before that flight, Philip Butterworth-Hayes, Europe and ever since, conversations and often heated debate about the end of the Michael Westlake, Hong Kong nation’s human space transportation system, and what it means for our future Contributing Writers in space, have held the attention of those commited to seeing the nation re- Richard Aboulafia, James W. Canan, main in space beyond the lifetime of the international space station. Marco Cáceres, Craig Covault, Leonard Word of the final go for developing the heavy-lift SLS, or space launch sys- David, Philip Finnegan, Edward tem, brought its own set of questions, as many argued that it was a ‘rocket Goldstein, Tom Jones, James Oberg, without a destination.’ Continuation of work on the Orion multipurpose crew David Rockwell, J.R. Wilson vehicle did little to assuage those angry over either the cancellation of the Fitzgerald Art & Design Constellation program or a ‘premature’ standdown of the shuttle. Art Direction and Design But a possibly larger issue looms over all of this discussion. As the Constel- lation program received its cancellation notice and it began to be dismantled, Brian D. Dailey, President and work started on preparing the shuttles for their new role as museum arti- Robert S. Dickman, Publisher facts, the agency’s most valuable asset was also being dispersed. Craig Byl, Manufacturing and Distribution A day after the shuttle touched down for the last time, 2,800 workers in the STEERING COMMITTEE area were to receive layoff notices. In the last few months, hundreds of others Col. Neal Barlow, USAF Academy; Michael have been laid off, both at NASA centers and at contractors such as ULA. B. Bragg, University of Illinois; Carol Cash, These layoffs cross all levels of skills and capabilities, and include designers, Carol Cash & Associates; Basil Hassan, Sandia; engineers, scientists, and technicians. Mark Lewis, University of Maryland, Robert At NASA Headquarters, some at the top levels of management are opting E. Lindberg, National Institute of Aerospace; Mark S. Maurice, AFOSR; Merri Sanchez, for retirement or employment elsewhere. In the last several months, Jon Sierra Nevada; Vigor Yang, Georgia Institute Morse, director of the Science Mission Directorate’s Astrophysics Division; of Technology; Susan X. Ying; Boeing Doug Cooke, associate administrator for the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate; his deputy Laurie Leshin; and Bryan O’Connor, chief of safety EDITORIAL BOARD and mission assurance, have announced their departure. Ned Allen, Jean-Michel Contant, When Chief Technologist Bobby Braun resigned, effective Septemer 30, he Eugene Covert, L.S. “Skip” Fletcher, Michael Francis, Cam Martin, had held the position less that two years. In announcing his departure, he Don Richardson, Douglas Yazell said, “While…change is difficult, I believe that the more desperately an organ- ization tries to hold on to today, the more likely it is that this same organiza- ADVERTISING tion will not have a tomorrow. Please remember that the future starts today.” National Display and Classified: But our ‘tomorrow’ in space depends not only on having a clear vision of Robert Silverstein, 240.498.9674 where we want to go and how to get there. If Edison is right, genius is one [email protected] West Coast Display: Greg Cruse, percent inspiration, ninety-nine percent perspiration. The job cannot be done 949.361.1870 / [email protected] by vision alone. The resignations and layoffs at NASA and its contractors may have effects Ross B. Garelick Bell Business Manager far beyond today. As this highly skilled workforce disperses; as astronauts depart, believing fewer opportunities exist to do what they were trained for, Send materials to Craig Byl, AIAA, 1801 there will be a void that will be difficult to fill when the next, inevitable, Alexander Bell Drive, Suite 500, Reston, VA 20191-4344. Changes of address should be uptick in space activities comes. Those in school now, who once dreamed sent by e-mail at [email protected], or by fax of exploring the high frontier, may now set their sights on other goals. And at 703.264.7606. those who still cling to their dreams may find the road a bit rockier, as the Send correspondence to [email protected]. mentors who are so valuable to those just beginning the journey will be harder and harder to find. November 2011, Vol. 49, No. 10 When the loss is talent, not treasure, the price is too high. Elaine Camhi Editor-in-Chief BEATlayout1011_Layout 1 10/18/11 11:14 AM Page 2 Supply chain globalization grows more complex THE WORLD’S AEROSPACE INDUSTRY IS The complexity of new programs cesses, to ensure the key technologies entering a new phase of globalization. such as the Boeing 787 and Airbus 380 that will deliver the 18% performance Instead of seeking new partners down makes them vulnerable to capacity improvement over current aircraft types the supply chain with the lowest pos- and technology problems in the dis- remain close to home. sible wage rates, airframe and engine tant supply chain. This has added to manufacturers are now looking closer the attractiveness of keeping as much Who benefits to home for partners that can add work as possible close to home. The beneficiaries of this new phase in value. They are concentrating on in- According to a report on global lo- outsourcing so far have been mature creasing the productivity—and reduc- gistical issues (“Trends in Global Man- aerospace economies, not the new- ing the numbers—of their key legacy ufacturing, Goods Movement and Con- comers. “The reason why the U.K. has suppliers, and looking to shorten their sumption, and Their Effect on the been successful in improving produc- supply chain links. The secret to build- Growth of United States Ports and Dis- tivity in recent years has been that we ing profitable and complex aircraft, it tribution”), issued recently by the U.S. outsourced a great deal of this work seems, is to simplify the production Commercial Real Estate Development some time ago,” explains Matthew process.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Satellite Situation Report
    NASA Office of Public Affairs Satellite Situation Report VOLUME 17 NUMBER 6 DECEMBER 31, 1977 (NASA-TM-793t5) SATELLITE SITUATION~ BEPORT, N8-17131 VOLUME 17, NO. 6 (NASA) 114 F HC A06/mF A01 CSCL 05B Unclas G3/15 05059 Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland NOTICE .THIS DOCUMENT HAS'BEEN REPRODUCED FROM THE BEST COPY FURNISHED US BY THE SPONSORING AGENCY. ALTHOUGH IT IS RECOGNIZED THAT CERTAIN PORTIONS' ARE ILLEGIBLE, IT IS BEING RELEASED IN THE INTEREST OF MAKING AVAILABLE AS MUCH INFORMATION AS POSSIBLE. OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS GCDDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION VOLUME 17 NO. 6 DECEMBER 31, 1977 SATELLITE SITUATION REPORT THIS REPORT IS PUBLIShED AND DISTRIBUTED BY THE OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS, GSFC. GODPH DRgP2 FE I T ERETAO5MUJS E SMITHSONIAN ASTRCPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY. SPACEFLIGHT TRACKING AND DATA NETWORK. NOTE: The Satellite Situation Report dated October 31, 1977, contained an entry in the "Objects Decayed Within the Reporting Period" that 1977 042P, object number 10349, decayed on September 21, 1977. That entry was in error. The object is still in orbit. SPACE OBJECTS BOX SCORE OBJECTS IN ORBIT DECAYED OBJECTS AUSTRALIA I I CANACA 8 0 ESA 4 0 ESRO 1 9 FRANCE 54 26 FRANCE/FRG 2 0 FRG 9 3 INCIA 1 0 INDONESIA 2 0 INTERNATIONAL TELECOM- MUNICATIONS SATELLITE ORGANIZATION (ITSO) 22 0 ITALY 1 4 JAPAN 27 0 NATC 4 0 NETHERLANDS 0 4 PRC 6 14 SPAIN 1 0 UK 11 4 US 2928 1523 USSR 1439 4456 TOTAL 4E21 6044 INTER- CBJECTS IN ORIT NATIONAL CATALOG PERIOD INCLI- APOGEE PERIGEE TQANSMITTTNG DESIGNATION NAME NUMBER SOURCE LAUNCH MINUTES NATION KM.
    [Show full text]
  • Capcom Volume 26 Number 3 January/February 2016
    your window to space capcom Volume 26 Number 3 January/February 2016 CapCom is published by Midlands Spaceflight Society www.midspace.org.uk Editor: Mike Bryce | President: David J Shayler | Secretary: Dave Evetts Honorary Member: Helen Sharman OBE Midlands Spaceflight Society: CapCom: Volume 26 no 3 January/February 2016 space news roundup This was the first spacewalk for a British astronaut, but also the first ESA Astronaut Tim Peake Begins sortie for the suit used by Tim Peake, which arrived on the Station in Six-Month Stay On Space Station December. Tim Kopra went first to the far end of the Station’s starboard truss, ESA astronaut Tim Peake, NASA astronaut Tim Kopra and Russian with Tim Peake following with the replacement Sequential Shunt Unit. cosmonaut commander Yuri Malenchenko arrived at the International Swapping the suitcase-sized box was a relatively simple task but one that Space Station, six hours after their launch at 11:03 GMT on 15 needed to be done safely while the clock was ticking. December 2015. To avoid high-voltage sparks, the unit could only be replaced as the The Soyuz TMA-19M spacecraft docked with the Space Station at 17:33 Station flew in Earth’s shadow, giving spacewalkers half an hour to unbolt GMT. The astronauts opened the hatch at 19:58 GMT after checking the the failed power regulator and insert and bolt down its replacement. connection between the seven-tonne Soyuz and the 400-tonne Station was airtight. Tims’ spacewalk With their main task complete, the Tims separated for individual jobs They were welcomed aboard by Russian cosmonauts Mikhail Korniyenko for the remainder of their time outside.
    [Show full text]
  • Sine Cera a Diversecity Writing Series Anthology
    sine cera a DiverseCity Writing Series anthology Small Talk with a Winter Sky Volume 8 June 2010 sine cera is published by the SLCC Community Writing Center All inquiries should be directed to: DiverseCity Writing Series Coordinator 210 East 400 South, Suite 8, Salt Lake City, UT 84111. Salt Lake Community College (SLCC) and the SLCC Community Writing Center (CWC) are not responsible for the opinions expressed in sine cera, nor does the writing represent any official position at SLCC or the CWC. Individual authors are solely responsible for the opinions expressed herein. Each author retains copyright individually. Reprinting of this publication is permitted only with prior consultation and approval from the SLCC Community Writing Center. This edition of sine cera was compiled and edited by DiverseCity Writing Series Coordinator Rachel Meads-Jardine with assistance from Tiffany Rousculp, . sine cera: Small Talk with a Winter Sky ISBN 0-9789581-5-2 © 2008, 2009 Introduction Everyone Can Write! In August of 2000, the SLCC Community Writing Center began working with writers from local organizations in two- month writing workshops. Each workshop culminated in a publication and a public reading. At first, this DiverseCity Writing Series worked one-on-one with a variety of organizations: Justice, Economic Independence and Dignity for Women; the Road Home shelter; Liberty Senior Center; and Cancer Wellness House. In the summer of 2003, the DiverseCity Writing Series expanded to offer multiple, on-going writing groups. Volunteers were trained in collaborative writing strategies and became mentors for a variety of open-interest and specialized writing groups. In the fall of 2003, the pieces written in these groups were assembled to create sine cera: People Are Strange, the first DiverseCity Writing Series anthology.
    [Show full text]
  • NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA’s “Big Bang” Service Delivery Transformation: Shared Services in the Cloud Paul Rydeen NASA Shared Services Center (NSSC) Enterprise Service Center (ESC) Program Manager Agenda • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Overview • NASA Shared Services Center (NSSC) Overview • Where We Are Today • The Migration To The Cloud • Top Takeaways NASA Vision • We reach for new heights and reveal the unknown for the benefit of humankind NASA Mission Statement • Drive advances in science, technology, aeronautics and space exploration to enhance knowledge, education, innovation, economic vitality and stewardship of Earth NASA Centers The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) • 17,605 Civil Service employees and 28,693 contractors at or near 10 Field Centers and NASA Headquarters • Four Mission Directorates: – Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate – Human Exploration & Operations Mission Directorate – Science Mission Directorate – Space Technology Mission Directorate • NASA’s FY17 budget is $19.0 billion What is the NASA Shared Services Center (NSSC)? • A business model for delivering support services • Provides high-quality service and achieves cost savings for NASA • Opened for service in March 2006 Why Shared Services for NASA? • Reduces resources expended for support • Provides better quality, more timely services at lower cost • Improves data integrity, consistency, and accountability • Standardizes core business processes • Facilitates process re-engineering and
    [Show full text]
  • El Astronauta Jeremy Hansen Presenta Sello Canadabrazo Para Celebrar Los Logros De Canadá En La Robótica, La Ciencia Y La Tecnología
    El astronauta Jeremy Hansen presenta sello Canadabrazo para celebrar los logros de Canadá en la robótica, la ciencia y la tecnología Aproximadamente a las 9 pm EST, el 13 de noviembre de 1981, el Canadabrazo se despliega desde la bahía de carga del transbordador Columbia por primera vez. Esta maravilla de la ingeniería canadiense pesaba menos de 480 kilogramos, y podría levantar más de 30.000 kilogramos - El peso aproximado de un autobús de la ciudad - usando menos energía que un hervidor eléctrico. “El brazo está fuera y funciona muy bien. Sus movimientos son mucho más flexibles que aparecieron durante las simulaciones de entrenamiento “, el astronauta Richard informó verdad para el Control de Misión. Una hora más tarde, como el traslado voló sobre los EE.UU., las primeras imágenes fueron transmitidas al suelo: un gigante brazo doblado en una forma de V invertida, situado por encima de la bahía de carga de la lanzadera, con el Canadá wordmark claramente visible en su lado. Una historia de innovación Canadiense para inspirar a las generaciones futuras Podría decirse logro más famoso robot de Canadá, la primera Canadabrazo fue construido en el año 1974 a través de una colaboración entre Spar, CAE, DSMA Atcon y el Consejo Nacional de Investigación (NRC). Los primeros pasos se produjo en 1969, cuando la NASA vio por primera vez un robot desarrollado por la empresa canadiense DSMA Atcon diseñado para cargar combustible en los reactores nucleares. Una propuesta de un brazo robótico para desplegar y recuperar el hardware de la bodega de carga del transbordador espacial fue redactado poco después.
    [Show full text]
  • Protecting Appleton's Quality of Life for 124 Years
    Protecting Appleton’s Quality of Life for 124 years Table of Contents Table of Contents _________________________________________________ 1 Message from Fire Chief Jeremy Hansen _______________________________ 2 Mission, Vision, and Core Values _____________________________________ 3 Fire Stations _____________________________________________________ 4 Fire Districts _____________________________________________________ 5 Management Staff _____________________________________________ 6-7 Table of Organization ______________________________________________ 8 Department Staff ______________________________________________ 9-10 Personnel Changes ____________________________________________ 11-12 Department Response Requests _________________________________ 13-16 Administration Division ___________________________________________ 17 Fire Suppression Division _______________________________________ 18-21 Resource Development/Special Operations Division __________________ 22-29 Fire Prevention/Public Education Division __________________________ 30-35 Historical Collection _______________________________________________ 36 International Association of Fire Fighters – Local 257 ____________________ 37 Fire Department Awards _______________________________________ 38-40 Appleton Common Council _________________________________________ 41 Appleton Police and Fire Commission ________________________________ 42 Financials ______________________________________________________ 43 In Memoriam ___________________________________________________ 44
    [Show full text]
  • Human Spaceflight in Social Media: Promoting Space Exploration Through Twitter
    Human Spaceflight in Social Media: Promoting Space Exploration Through Twitter Pierre J. Bertrand,1 Savannah L. Niles,2 and Dava J. Newman1,3 turn back now would be to deny our history, our capabilities,’’ said James Michener.1 The aerospace industry has successfully 1 Man-Vehicle Laboratory, Department of Aeronautics and Astro- commercialized Earth applications for space technologies, but nautics; 2Media Lab, Department of Media Arts and Sciences; and 3 human space exploration seems to lack support from both fi- Department of Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of nancial and human public interest perspectives. Space agencies Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. no longer enjoy the political support and public enthusiasm that historically drove the human spaceflight programs. If one uses ABSTRACT constant year dollars, the $16B National Aeronautics and While space-based technologies for Earth applications are flourish- Space Administration (NASA) budget dedicated for human ing, space exploration activities suffer from a lack of public aware- spaceflight in the Apollo era has fallen to $7.9B in 2014, of ness as well as decreasing budgets. However, space exploration which 41% is dedicated to operations covering the Internati- benefits are numerous and include significant science, technological onal Space Station (ISS), the Space Launch System (SLS) and development, socioeconomic benefits, education, and leadership Orion, and commercial crew programs.2 The European Space contributions. Recent robotic exploration missions have
    [Show full text]
  • Mars Destination Operations Team 2013
    Human Spaceflight Architecture Team (HAT) Mars Destination Operations Team (DOT) FY 2013 Final Report January 2014 For Information, contact: Mr. Larry Toups, NASA Johnson Space Center Dr. Marianne Bobskill, NASA Langley Research Center 1 1 Table of Contents SecSon SECTION CHART # Number ExecuSve Summary 3 1 IntroducSon 18 2 HAT Mars Generic Design Reference Missions (DRM) 29 3 DRM 9 / NASA Mars DRA 5.0 RelaSonship 37 4 InformaSon CollecSon Approach: “Doing Our Homework” 40 5 DesSnaSon Concept of OperaSons 74 6 “Special Studies” 119 Key Findings, Study Products, & Forward Work 135 Addenda 142 Humans 2 Mars 2 ExecuSve Summary • IntroducSon • Doing Our Homework • ConOps DeveloPment • FuncSonality Assessment and Special Studies • Key Findings • DOT Study Products Humans 2 Mars 3 IntroducSon The Human Spaceflight Architecture Team (HAT) was created to inform NASA’s Human ExploraSon and OperaSons Mission Directorate (HEOMD) regarding possible mission architectures and campaigns beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Following a Capability Driven Framework (CDF) approach, nosingle desSnaSon has been considered, but a roadmap of possible desSnaSons that lead towards anulSmate goal of a human mission to Mars was developed. The DesSnaSon OperaSons Team (DOT) was created within the HAT in October 2012. The DOT’s charter is to develop desSnaSon-­‐specific “Point of Departure” Concepts of OperaSons (ConOps) for HATDesign Reference Missions (DRMs) using a systemaSc analysis approach. These ConOps then inform more detailed products that are delivered to the HAT Core Team. Using the (July,2009) NASA Human ExploraGon of Mars, Design Reference Architecture 5.0 (NASA/SP-­‐2009-­‐566 and NASA/SP–2009–566-­‐ ADD), as a foundaSon, from April – September 2013, the DOT developed a ConOps for a long-­‐duraSon (~500 days) crewed Mars surface mission.
    [Show full text]
  • Britain Back in Space
    Spaceflight A British Interplanetary Society Publication Britain back in Space Vol 58 No 1 January 2016 £4.50 www.bis-space.com 1.indd 1 11/26/2015 8:30:59 AM 2.indd 2 11/26/2015 8:31:14 AM CONTENTS Editor: Published by the British Interplanetary Society David Baker, PhD, BSc, FBIS, FRHS Sub-editor: Volume 58 No. 1 January 2016 Ann Page 4-5 Peake on countdown – to the ISS and beyond Production Assistant: As British astronaut Tim Peake gets ready for his ride into space, Ben Jones Spaceflight reviews the build-up to this mission and examines the Spaceflight Promotion: possibilities that may unfold as a result of European contributions to Suszann Parry NASA’s Orion programme. Spaceflight Arthur C. Clarke House, 6-9 Ready to go! 27/29 South Lambeth Road, London, SW8 1SZ, England. What happens when Tim Peake arrives at the International Space Tel: +44 (0)20 7735 3160 Station, where can I watch it, listen to it, follow it, and what are the Fax: +44 (0)20 7582 7167 broadcasters doing about special programming? We provide the Email: [email protected] directory to a media frenzy! www.bis-space.com 16-17 BIS Technical Projects ADVERTISING Tel: +44 (0)1424 883401 Robin Brand has been busy gathering the latest information about Email: [email protected] studies, research projects and practical experiments now underway at DISTRIBUTION the BIS, the first in a periodic series of roundups. Spaceflight may be received worldwide by mail through membership of the British 18 Icarus Progress Report Interplanetary Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Desind Finding
    NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE ARCHIVES Herbert Stephen Desind Collection Accession No. 1997-0014 NASM 9A00657 National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC Brian D. Nicklas © Smithsonian Institution, 2003 NASM Archives Desind Collection 1997-0014 Herbert Stephen Desind Collection 109 Cubic Feet, 305 Boxes Biographical Note Herbert Stephen Desind was a Washington, DC area native born on January 15, 1945, raised in Silver Spring, Maryland and educated at the University of Maryland. He obtained his BA degree in Communications at Maryland in 1967, and began working in the local public schools as a science teacher. At the time of his death, in October 1992, he was a high school teacher and a freelance writer/lecturer on spaceflight. Desind also was an avid model rocketeer, specializing in using the Estes Cineroc, a model rocket with an 8mm movie camera mounted in the nose. To many members of the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), he was known as “Mr. Cineroc.” His extensive requests worldwide for information and photographs of rocketry programs even led to a visit from FBI agents who asked him about the nature of his activities. Mr. Desind used the collection to support his writings in NAR publications, and his building scale model rockets for NAR competitions. Desind also used the material in the classroom, and in promoting model rocket clubs to foster an interest in spaceflight among his students. Desind entered the NASA Teacher in Space program in 1985, but it is not clear how far along his submission rose in the selection process. He was not a semi-finalist, although he had a strong application.
    [Show full text]
  • Taking Stock WORLDWIDE NUCLEAR DEPLOYMENTS 1998
    Taking Stock WORLDWIDE NUCLEAR DEPLOYMENTS 1998 BY William M. Arkin Robert S. Norris Joshua Handler NRDC Nuclear Program MARCH 1998 NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL, INC. 1200 New York Ave., NW, Suite 400 Washington, D.C. 20005 202/289-6868 VOICE 802-457-3426 (Arkin) 202-289-2369 (Norris) FAX 202-289-1060 INTERNET [email protected] [email protected] Worldwide Nuclear Deployments 1998 i © Copyright, Natural Resources Defense Council, 1998 ii TAKING STOCK Table of Contents Introduction . 1 Methodology . 4 Arms Control and Nuclear Weapons Deployments . 6 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I) . 6 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START II) . 7 The Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty . 8 Unilateral Initiatives . 8 Future Nuclear Deployments . 11 The United States . 14 Nuclear History . 16 Nuclear Organization . 19 Nuclear Weapons Deployments . 24 Russia . 26 Nuclear Organization . 29 Nuclear Weapons Deployments . 33 Britain . 39 France . 42 China . 45 Appendix A: Locations of U.S. Nuclear Weapons, by Type . 53 Appendix B: U.S. Nuclear Weapons by Location . 55 Appendix C: U.S. Nuclear Weapons, Location Profiles . 56 By State California . 56 Colorado . 57 Georgia. 58 Louisiana . 59 Missouri . 60 Montana . 61 Nebraska . 61 Nevada . 62 New Mexico. 63 North Dakota . 65 Texas . 68 Virginia . 70 Washington . 70 Wyoming . 72 Overseas by Country Belgium . 72 Germany . 73 Greece . 76 Italy . 77 The Netherlands . 78 Turkey . 78 United Kingdom . 79 Appendix D: Location of Russian Nuclear Weapons, by Type . 81 Appendix E: Russian Nuclear Weapons by Location . 84 Appendix F: British Nuclear Weapons by Type and Location . 88 Appendix G: French Nuclear Weapons by Type and Location .
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Brief Installations and Usaaf Combat Units In
    HISTORICAL BRIEF INSTALLATIONS AND USAAF COMBAT UNITS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 1942 - 1945 REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION OFFICE OF HISTORY HEADQUARTERS THIRD AIR FORCE UNITED STATES AIR FORCES IN EUROPE OCTOBER 1980 REPRINTED: FEBRUARY 1985 FORE~ORD to the 1967 Edition Between June 1942 ~nd Oecemhcr 1945, 165 installations in the United Kingdom were used by combat units of the United States Army Air I"orce~. ;\ tota) of three numbered .,lr forl'es, ninc comllklnds, frJur ;jfr divi'iions, )} w1.l\~H, Illi j(r,IUpl', <lnd 449 squadron!'! were at onE' time or another stationed in ',r'!;rt r.rftaIn. Mnny of tlal~ airrll'lds hnvc been returned to fann land, others havl' houses st.lnding wh~rr:: t'lying Fortr~ss~s and 1.lbcratorR nllce were prepared for their mis.'ilons over the Continent, Only;l few rcm:l.1n ;IS <Jpcr.Jt 11)11., 1 ;'\frfll'ldH. This study has been initl;ltcd by the Third Air Force Historical Division to meet a continuin~ need for accurate information on the location of these bases and the units which they served. During the pas t several years, requests for such information from authors, news media (press and TV), and private individuals has increased. A second study coverin~ t~e bases and units in the United Kingdom from 1948 to the present is programmed. Sources for this compilation included the records on file in the Third Air Force historical archives: Maurer, Maurer, Combat Units of World War II, United States Government Printing Office, 1960 (which also has a brief history of each unit listed); and a British map, "Security Released Airfields 1n the United Kingdom, December 1944" showing the locations of Royal Air Force airfields as of December 1944.
    [Show full text]