A Specialized Journal on Military & Strategic Affairs - 47 th Year - Issue No. 560 September 2018

Complicated Conflict of the Horn of Africa Ends with Successful UAE Mediation Sweden Votes For Brazil Bridges the Gap Patriot with IRB

Mohammed bin Rashid and Mohamed bin Zayed Congratulate Members of Armed Forces Visit us at the 16th Abu Dhabi International Hunting and Equestrian Exhibition (ADIHEX) 25-29 September 2018

Stand 12.A10, Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Center (ADNEC), Abu Dhabi, UAE www.edic.ae 3

Our leadership ensures that every national or religious occasion appreciates the sacrifices of the heroes of the Armed Forces. It takes pride in their role in defending the homeland, preserving its gains and upholding the UAE’s steadfast principles of standing by our brothers and supporting the truth, justice and peace. This congratulation has had a great impact on the Armed Forces The Leadership’s personnel stationed abroad. It has deepened their feeling of joy and pride and increased their determination to offer more sacrifices and heroic acts so that the banners of the nation remain flying high Congratulations in the fields of pride, honour and dignity. The sacrifices of the heroes of our Armed Forces were also present on the occasion of the UAE Women’s Day, which was celebrated By: on August 28, when HH Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Staff Lieutenant Colonel / was keen to recall the stories of loyalty, strong will and sheer Yousef Juma Al Haddad determination of the inspiring mothers of martyrs. They are the Editor in Chief icons of giving who offer the greatest lessons for the current and [email protected] future generations to learn that loyalty and sacrifice for the nation are the greatest and noblest goals. The touching words of HH Sheikha Fatima bint Mubarak, The congratulations extended by His Highness Chairwoman of the General Women’s Union (GWU), President Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice of the Supreme Council for Motherhood and Childhood, and President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler Supreme Chairwoman of the Family Development Foundation of Dubai, and His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin (FDF), “Umm Al-Emarat”, have also emphasised that the UAE – Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and leadership, government and people – cannot forget the sacrifices Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed of their children who offered their souls to defend their country. Forces, to our brave soldiers in the fields of duty She said, “Our celebration this year is a celebration of the mother and humanitarianism, on the occasion of Eid al- of the martyr, his wife, his family and his children, who were good Adha, not only reflect the pride of the leadership at giving and sacrifice. They lost their heroes in the battlefields of in the heroic acts of the members of our Armed honour while defending the country’s glory, stability and security.” Forces, but also point out the exceptional status Our wise leadership’s appreciation of the heroes of our Armed they enjoy in the hearts of all citizens. Forces and its pride in their role in the fields of duty, as well as the support and care provided to the families and relatives of martyrs, deepen the feelings of pride and solidify the values of loyalty and belonging in the hearts of the heroes of our Armed Forces and all citizens. The soldiers of our Armed Forces most value love, affinity, and affection that bind them with their wise leadership. The leadership attends all their occasions, increases their joy, boosts their happiness, and shares their feasts, joys and victories. It is really an exceptional relationship that is the envy of everyone. This relationship confirms the saying that “the house is unified”, which expresses itself through the brilliant national spirit in the hearts of the citizens and is rooted in the values of sacrifice, loyalty and belonging to maintain national security and prosperity. Issued By UAE Armed Forces. Established In August 1971.

A Specialized Journal on Military & Strategic Affairs - 47 th Year - Issue No. 560 September 2018

Complicated Conflict of the Horn of Africa Ends with Successful UAE Mediation Sweden Votes For Brazil Bridges the Gap Patriot with IRB

RIAT - A Hub 560 for Aerospace Excellence General Supervisor Chairman of the Administrative Council Staff General\ Salem Saeed Ghafan Al Jaberi 08 Vice Chairman of the Administrative Council Brigadier General\ Dr. Abdulla Rashid Al Neyadi Editor in Chief Staff Lieutenant-Colonel \ Yousef Juma AL Haddad 18 Editorial Manger Major \ Jamil Khamis Al Saadi A Beluga Editorial Secretary Husain Al Mannaee Whale in the Layout & Design Moza Al Ali Ahmed Mahmmoud Sky for 2019 Advertisement Ismael Mohammed Alblooshi Sakha Pramod ADVERTISEMENT O The views expressed in Nation EDIC Shield Journal are not necessar- IFC 43 IDEX ily shared by, nor should they 21 SNSR be taken as the views of Nation 32 EWGCC Shield Journal. O The publication of advertise- ments does not in any way im- ply endorsement by the Nation Shield Journal. O All rights reserved. 28 “New Blindo Centauro” Goes to Italy

RBS15 56 46 Complicated Conflict GUNGNIR: of the Horn of Africa Always on Ends with Successful Target UAE Mediation

Sunny Times for Solar Across Middle East 62 48

A Robotic Future for the United States Army 6 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Events .PIBNNFE
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His Highness Sheikh Mohammed the fields of right, duty and humani- every year! You are an exemplar of the bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice Presi- tarianism, on the occasion of Eid al- Emirati youth who are our pride. My dent and Prime Minister of the UAE Adha. They delivered their speech via a brother Mohamed bin Zayed and I and Ruler of Dubai, and His High- closed-circuit TV, expressing their, and see ourselves in you in terms of taking ness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al the UAE people’s pride, in their valiant pride in our homeland. We convey to Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi deeds and stands. you the greetings and compliments of and Deputy Supreme Commander of In his address, His Highness Sheikh the UAE people.” He emphasised that the UAE Armed Forces, congratulated Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum ‘the nation will never forget the valiant the UAE soldiers who are operating in said, “May you and the nation be good deeds of men like you.” 7


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soldiers congratulated the UAE leader- ship and people on the occasion of Eid al-Adha saying, “We extend our con- gratulations to our leadership, people and residents in our country on the occasion of Eid al-Adha.” They added, “Blessed be your Eid; your Eid will be the coming victory God willing!” A number of soldiers expressed their happiness and pride in the greeting and congratulations of their Highness- es and stressed the high morale and spirit of all the soldiers in the fields of national duty and areas of humanitar- ian giving. They emphasised that they are quite ready under the command of the wise leadership to sacrifice everything to raise the flag of the homeland high. HH Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Crown Prince of Dubai, HH Sheikh Hamdan bin Za- yed Al Nahyan, Ruler’s Representative in Dhafra, HH Sheikh Hazza bin Za- yed Al Nahyan, Deputy Chairman of the Abu Dhabi Executive Council, HH Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed Al Nahy- an, National Security Advisor and HH Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Presidential Affairs, also extended their congratulations to the Armed Forces.

His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed said, “As His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid said, you are a role model for everyone. May Allah give you success, keep you safe and prosperous, and return you home vic- torious.” He extended his greetings to all men in the fields of national duty. A number of duty commanders and 8 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Events

RIAT - A Hub for Aerospace Excellence

The Royal Air Force (RAF) celebrated its centenary in style at this year’s Royal International Air Tattoo (RIAT) at RAF Fairford in Gloucestershire. The airshow showcased a Royal Review of aircraft and parade from the Queen’s Colour Squadron, as well as a series of spectacular flypast to commemorate the anniversary.

The RAF Charitable Trust's Patron, HRH in everything the Tattoo has to offer. to build the kind of things that are able the Duke of Kent and his brother, HRH He said: "I've got to tell you, this is un- to take us where we need to go”, Wor- Prince Michael of Kent, conducted believable - I think this is probably the den said. “That's why I'm so supportive the review and took the salute for the most complete airshow I've ever been of STEM - because that's where it starts, Queen's Colour. Meanwhile, a special to. We've seen pilots and airplanes from with these young people.” tribute to the legendary 617 'Dam- around the world; RIAT is a very spe- &QJD
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busters' Squadron saw the Battle of cial place. I hope they keep doing this In total, 302 aircraft from 43 air arms Britain’s iconic Lancaster bomber fly in because I want to come back. I should representing 30 nations attended the formation with the squadron's current come and volunteer!" airshow, 121 of which took part in the aircraft, the Tornado, and the RAF's new In the run up to the show Al Worden flying display, including the U.S. Air state-of-the-art F-35B Lightning II. visited local schools, speaking to young Force Heritage Flight, the Ukrainian Su- An Air Tattoo spokesperson referred children about his past and the impor- 27 Flanker, the Royal Canadian Air Force to “a record crowd of 185,000”, while tance of STEM (Science, Technology, En- CF-188 Hornet, the French Aeronavale Apollo 15 astronaut, Al Worden visited gineering, and Maths) subjects. "It's go- Rafale M duo, the Italian Frecce Tricolori for the first time, engaging with young ing to take these kids growing up and aerobatic display team and the RAF's people in the Techno Zone and taking getting all of the education they can get Red Arrows. 9

F-16 Fighting Falcon Dassault Ralale M French Navy - Belgian Air Force

302 aircraft from 43 air arms representing 30 nations attended the

AVRO Lancaster with Tornado and F-35 airshow

Visitors were treated to a rare fly-past by Hammond; the Secretary of State for el; Fujitsu Senior Vice President, Duncan a U.S. Air Force B-2A Spirit stealth bomb- Defence, Gavin Williamson; the Parlia- Tait; and Leidos CEO Roger Krone. er, while the static aircraft park featured mentary Under-secretary of State for
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%FCVU debut appearances by the Embraer KC- Defence, Tobias Ellwood; and Minister The MQ-9B SkyGuardian was on static 390 from Brazil, the Kawasaki C-2 from for Defence Procurement, Guto Bebb. display for the full airshow duration (13- Japan and Italy’s HH-101A CaeSAR tac- Air Tattoo’s 79 global military delega- 15 July), and is being developed by U.S.- tical helicopter. Meanwhile, history was tions included 64 military chiefs: Chief manufacturer General Atomics Aero- made by the maiden transatlantic flight of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Sir nautical Systems as the latest version of of a civilian-registered Remotely Piloted Stephen Hillier; First Sea Lord Admiral, the MQ-9 Reaper RPA. The aircraft will Aircraft (RPA), the SkyGuardian. Sir Philip Jones; Chairman of the NATO go on to form the basis of the RAF's new (VFTUT
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Committee, Air Chief Marshal Sir Stuart Protector system, due to enter service in Among the Royal guests in attendance Peach; and Vice-Chief of Defence Staff, the early 2020s. were HRH the Duke of Kent, HRH Prince General Sir Gordon Messenger. Among SkyGuardian flies up to 40 hours at a Michael of Kent; HRH The Princess Royal the industry sponsors in attendance time at altitudes of 40,000 ft and its 24- and HRH Prince Feisal bin Al Hussein of were BAE Systems' CEO, Sir Roger Carr; hour, 2-minute flight to RAF Fairford the Jordanian Royal Family. Guests from Lockheed Martin CEO, Marillyn Hewson; was the first to be entirely controlled by the world of politics included the Brit- Boeing CEO, Leanne Caret; Airbus CEO, satellite communications in British air- ish Chancellor of the Exchequer, Philip Tom Enders; Babcock CEO, Archie Beth- space, with pilots in North Dakota tak- 10 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Events

ing 12 hour shifts to fly the aircraft over land, ”These young men and women Canada, across the Atlantic and around are the future of our industry and I could southern Ireland before reaching west A STEM initiative, not be prouder that we can support this Wales. engaging, hands-on STEM initiative." The SkyGuardian has operated success- Centennial Dawn McCafferty, Air Commodore of fully over Afghanistan and is currently the RAF Air Cadets said: "It's brilliant to flying operations over Iraq and Syr- Wings, is backed see the STEM subjects grow within Air ia. RAF Chief-of-Air-Staff, Air Chief Mar- Cadets. Hopefully it has helped to in- shal Sir Stephen Hillier, confirmed that by Boeing, the spire young people to study STEM sub- the first RAF unit to operate the Protec- jects and take an interest in a military tor will be 31 Squadron, which currently Royal Air Force and aerospace career. The engineering flies the Panavia Tornado, while Air Vice- and technical scientists of the world re- Marshal Julian Young, Chief of Air Mate- and the Air ally can help to shape the future." rial at the Defence Equipment & Sup- League 3"'
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Zone, totalling 400 hours of work and tured nine RAF Typhoons in formation A STEM initiative, Centennial Wings, is leading David Pitchforth, Managing Di- amongst 50 more RAF aircraft includ- backed by Boeing, the Royal Air Force rector of Boeing Defence UK Ltd, to con- ing Typhoons, Tornado GR4s, an A400M and the Air League to enhance the ex- firm that "Our STEM campaign is called Atlas, the Red Arrows, plus Puma and isting RAF Air Cadets' curriculum by 'Inspiring the Next Generation' because Chinook helicopters. inspiring youngsters to study science, that's precisely what we aim to do”. The RAF’s newest stealth fighter jet, the technology, engineering and maths Meanwhile, for Sir Michael Arthur, F-35B Lightning II also took to the sky, through hands-on practical application President of Boeing Europe and Man- while the RAF100 Relay Baton, carried of classroom theory. aging Director of Boeing UK and Ire- across the world by RAF personnel,

Couteau Delta – Dassault Mirage 2000D - French Air Force 11

cadets, veterans and sporting associa- of around 25 MiGs, which are slowly be- tions, made its way into the area and ing replaced by F-16s purchased from recorded in action by UK Aerospace. RIAT featured Portugal. Air Tattoo’s RAF Experience also pro- 4QBOJTI

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moted education in the STEM subjects, 20 of the Patrulla Aguila, Spain's national aero- including a Virtual Reality Dome which batic team, returned to Air Tattoo. The pleased younger visitors. newest, biggest team, whose name translates as 'Eagle Alongside participating air arms from Patrol', entered 2018 with the first around the world (Canada, Switzerland, and most rarely female pilot in their 33-year history. Spain, Greece, Finland, Czech Republic Formed in 1985, the team now com- and Denmark), a historic P-51D Mus- seen aircraft prises of seven CASA C-101 jet trainers tang and a state-of-the-art, stealthy and performs close formation aerobat- USAF F-35A Lightning II performed a from the RAF’s ic manoeuvres, often ending with their joint display as part of the U.S. Air Force fleet signature formation landing. Heritage Flight. Meanwhile, the RAF’s h;FVTh
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new list of static aircraft featured 20 of Hellenic Air Force's F-16 demo team, the newest, biggest and most rarely known as 'Zeus', returned with the solo seen examples from the RAF's fleet, 27J and Typhoon, alongside a Tornado jet demonstration that marked only including the Phenom 100 trainer, Voy- ground attack fighter and the HH-101 its third appearance in Britain. Flying a ager tanker and RC-135W Airseeker. and HH-139, with manufacturer Leon- Block 52+ version of Lockheed Martin's *UBMZ
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play debut, 'Zeus' has performed twice al aerobatic team the Frecce Tricolori, A Romanian Air Force MiG-21 LanceR before at the Air Tattoo 2015 and 2016. and five static aircraft in their Air Tattoo returned to the Air Tattoo after an ab- On the first of those occasions, the display. A Typhoon fighter, T-346 Master sence of 17 years to join the RAF100 specially painted F-16 was awarded jet trainer and impressively manoeu- celebrations. Romania operates a fleet the trophy for best aircraft livery at the vrable C-27J Spartan transport aircraft thrilled audiences with their loops and rolls, while Italy also showcased the C- Pakistan Air Force Hercules C-130 External Tank

Spanish Air Force Airbus A400M 12 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Events

Rafale flying display

Spanish Aerobatic Team Aguila

show. The team is named after the fa- that led to birth of the Royal Air Force. ther of the Olympian gods in ancient The civilian team comprised of expe- Greek mythology and aims to demon- rienced airshow pilots and vintage $BOBEJBOT
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U.S. Air Force Northrop Grumman B-2 stealth bomber with two Lockheed Martin F-15 fighters

Base Trenton, Ontario, the CC-177 season; their presence Sukhoi Su-27P - Ukrainian AF Globemaster III transports troops, car- was an appropriate way go and oversized combat equipment to mark the RAF's Centenary, from coast to coast and around the being that the 1950s jets are some world. An ability to fly long distances of the earliest production fighters and land at remote airfields makes it in existence, with both of these ex- squadrons operating the aircraft type. the premier transporter for military, amples having been license built in However, RIAT spectators witnessed humanitarian and peacekeeping mis- Switzerland. them put on performances of the high- sions and since 2015 it has supported 4XJTT
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%JTQMBZ est level in terms of smoothness, el- disaster relief operations in Nepal, Two top-class Swiss Air Force jets egance and quality. transported personnel and equipment joined one of the two Swiss national Meanwhile, the solo F/A-18C Hornet to battle the Ebola outbreak in West display teams for RIAT 2018. The demonstration is among the very best Africa, while supporting the global co- highly acclaimed PC-7 Team pre- of a jet fighter on the European circuit. alition fighting against terrorism. The sented the air arm's F/A-18C Hornet Three squadrons in the Swiss Air Force Lockheed Martin CC-130 Hercules was solo fast jet display for the RIAT fly- operate the twin-engined, multi-role also featured at RAF Fairford where its ing programme. The PC-7 Team flies type, which has air policing as its pri- multiple uses for troop transport, tac- a nine-ship formation of Swiss-built mary function in Switzerland. tical airlift and aircrew training were Pilatus PC-7 Turbotrainers, a single- The Air Tattoo returns next summer demonstrated. turboprop basic trainer used by the on 19th-21st July 2019 to celebrate 70 )JTUPSJD
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air force for pilot selection and train- years of the North Atlantic Treaty Or- Two Cold War aircraft, the civilian ing purposes. ganisation (NATO). owned Vampire jet fighters, joined the All the pilots practice for and perform Reference Text/Photo credit: Air Tattoo flying display courtesy of the the team's displays in their spare time Richard Davies, on Flickr. Norwegian Air Force Historical Squad- because, in their 'day jobs', they are www.dailymail.co.uk ron. The Vampires were painted in spe- front-line F/A-18 Hornet fighter pi- www.airtattoo.com cial Royal Air Force livery for the 2018 lots from the Swiss Air Force's three www.rafalesolodisplay.com 14 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 News

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Harris Corporation was recently and laser, situational awareness. The sys- bombers, tactical fighters and rotary air- awarded a $400 million increase to the tems can be installed inside an aircraft craft by helping aviators to detect, avoid, ceiling value of a single-award IDIQ (In- fuselage or as a wing-mounted pod. and where necessary, defeat electronic definite Deliverable Indefinite Quantity) “The Harris AIDEWS system provides our threats at every level of engagement. contract to supply electronic warfare allies with sophisticated, (EW) systems for international F-16 high-performance elec- fighters, helping to protect allied aircraft tronic protection and of- against evolving radar and electronic fers the flexibility needed threats. The new ceiling value is $491 to meet unique mission million and was received during the needs,” said Ed Zoiss, pres- fourth quarter of Harris’ fiscal 2018. ident, Harris Electronic Harris will provide AN/ALQ-211(V)4/9 Systems. Advanced Integrated Defensive Elec- Harris has delivered EW tronic Warfare Suite (AIDEWS) systems, solutions for a wide vari- spares and engineering support to sev- ety of airborne platforms eral allied countries as part of a Foreign for more than sixty years. Military Sales contract through the U.S. Harris airborne EW sys- Air Force, further expanding the sys- tems support and enable ALQ-211 detects and protects tem’s presence on F-16s worldwide. missions for strategic aircraft from lethal threats The ALQ-211 detects and protects air- craft from lethal threats and provides multi-spectral, radio frequency, infrared &OWJTUBDPN
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0SEFS cal boundaries. Envistacom recently announced that the In part, Envistacom will support task order Plus, it features built-in, geo-referenced company has been awarded a task order un- contract requirements from the Duluth, electronic navigation charts that dis- der the Army Contracting Command (ACC) Georgia, Envistacom Innovation Center. The play “own-ship” aircraft position for en- Deployable Adaptive Global Responder facility offers customers research and devel- hanced situational awareness during Support (DAGRS) contract vehicle, expand- opment capabilities, innovative engineering, approaches that easily transitions to ing the Georgia-based defence contractor’s and testing for solutions across counterter- the airport chart after landing to make rapidly growing partnership with the U.S. rorism, cyber and communications. surface navigation easier. It also has a Department of Defense. “We are honoured to be selected as the fully-featured flight management sys- Envistacom is one of 10 companies selected prime contractor to help execute Envista- tem that positions airlines for airspace to compete for task orders on the DAGRS In- com’s first task order under the U.S. Army’s modernisation with localiser perfor- definite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) DAGRS IDIQ contract vehicle,” said Alan Car- mance with vertical navigation (LPV) contract vehicle, worth up to $480 million son, senior vice president, Envistacom. “I’m approach capability and radius-to-fix over five years. Representing $18 million proud of our experts who continue to deliver (RF) legs. over three years, Envistacom will act as prime creative solutions in response to complex Work will take place at a number of contractor under this most recent task order. task order requirements. I’m confident that Rockwell Collins facilities in the U.S. and To support both U.S. Army and U.S. Navy cus- together with the U.S. Army and U.S. Navy, Hyderabad, India, as well as with the tomers, Envistacom will satisfy requirements our team will deliver an effective blend of company’s joint venture partner, Rock- for engineering and technical assessment strategy and technology to our warfighters well Collins CETC Avionics Company enhancements through rapid-prototyping and mission partners, and ultimately, help (RCCAC), in Chengdu, China. initiatives. make the world a safer place.” 16 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 News

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The installation of HENSOLDT’s radars are removed and replaced in ASR-NG Air Traffic Control systems in situ with the new Hensoldt solutions. Australia is gaining momentum. Re- The installation poses particular chal- cently, the second Final System com- lenges because the area covered pleted site installation joining one comes close to the area of Western Interim System and another already Europe. Oakey, near Brisbane, the installed Final System. second Final System, now has com- The Royal Australian Air Force, pleted site installation and joins through the Department of Defence, East Sale, the first Interim System, have purchased nine ASR-NG based in the Gippsland of southern Victo- HENSOLDT’s ASR-NG at Oakey Army Fixed Defence Air Traffic Control ria and Tindal, the first Final System, Aviation Centre near Brisbane Surveillance Sensors (FDATCSS pro- which is installed in the far north of gramme also referred to as AIR 5431 Australia. All systems are now in the of Nowra, New South Wales). Addition- Phase2) and one Operational Main- Set-to-Work phase, which will lead ally, the Operational Maintenance Trainer tenance Trainer (OMT). Due to the to Site Acceptance Testing and then (OMT) has just ‘powered-on’ at the RAAF location requirements for the Final operations. Tindal is expected to be training facility at RAAF Base Amberley, systems at two of the sites, two In- operational in November 2018. Now- near Brisbane, Queensland. In the project terim systems are being installed to ra Interim is currently being installed execution, HENSOLDT is working together provide the customer with continu- at the Naval Air Station Nowra (part with Australian partners IE-Asia Pacific Pty ous radar coverage while the legacy of HMAS Albatross, near the town Ltd and Nova Systems Pty Ltd. "JSCVT
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Airbus Defence and Space recently A Zephyr prototype aircraft also es the sun’s rays, running exclusively announced the successful landing logged the previous longest flight du- on solar power, above the weather of its first production aircraft of the ration record, a few years ago, achiev- and conventional air traffic; filling a Zephyr programme, the new Zephyr ing then more than 14 days continu- capability gap complimentary to sat- S HAPS (High Altitude Pseudo-Sat- ous flight, which already was 10 times ellites, UAVs and manned aircraft to ellite). After taking off on July 11 in longer than any other aircraft in the provide persistent local satellite-like Arizona, Zephyr S logged a maiden world. services. flight of over 25 days, the longest du- This new record flight was supported Zephyr will bring new see, sense and ration flight ever made. An applica- by the UK government and reflects connect capabilities to both commer- tion has been made to establish this the UK Ministry of Defence’s position cial and military customers. It will pro- as a new world record. This maiden as the first customer for this innova- vide persistent surveillance, tracing flight of the solar powered Zephyr S tive and potentially game changing the world’s changing environmental proves the system capabilities and capability. landscape and will be able to provide achieved all the flight’s engineering Zephyr is the world’s leading, solar– communications to the most uncon- objectives. electric, stratospheric UAV. It harness- nected parts of the world. 17

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The U.S. Army awarded Team Dynet- integration on the ics, comprising Lockheed Martin and Family of Medium its partners, a $10 million contract to Tactical Vehicles continue development for the next (FMTV). phase of the High Energy Laser Tacti- Lockheed cal Vehicle Demonstrator (HEL TVD) Martin pro- programme, a 100-kilowatt class laser vides the weapon system. laser subsys- Laser weapons are ideally suited to tem, as well address high volume, low cost threats as other key because of their inexpensive cost per subsystems. shot and deep magazine. Team Dynet- The spectral ics HEL TVD system incorporates highly beam combined Lockheed Martin Dynetics HEL-TVD reliable subsystems to withstand the fibre laser subsystem expected rugged operation conditions. strongly leverages Lock- The team recently completed a sys- heed Martin’s experience from tem requirements review and techni- ground vehicle integration gained The winning contractor will be cal baseline update. The next step in as part of the Army’s Robust Electric awarded a contract option to finish the programme will be the prelimi- Laser Initiative (RELI) programme. the design, build and integrate the nary design review in January 2019. Team Dynetics is one of the two re- laser weapon system onto an Army Dynetics is drawing on the experience maining contractors competing to FMTV platform and conduct field- of systems engineering, manufactur- build the demonstrator that will be testing at White Sands Missile Range ing, test and vehicle modifications for tested in 2022. in New Mexico.

to understand their environment. Not 3IFJONFUBMM
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$BOBEB where I am right now, this is what is The Canadian Armed Forces have ex- derway, with 1,632 units slated for de- happening to me right now. I can pre- ercised options under the Integrated livery this year. vail more because I understand better Soldier System Project (ISSP) to pro- General Jonathan Vance, Chief of Ca- what is going on.” cure an additional 1,256 Rheinmetall nadian Defence Staff, described Rhe- Argus soldier systems, which will be inmetall’s Argus soldier system, which delivered in 2019. This order is worth is already in service with the Canadian CAD 22 million (€14.3 million). Armed Forces, as a tool “that will im- The Canadian government initially prove situational awareness for dis- contracted with Rheinmetall to start mounted troops, allowing better com- the qualification phase of the Cana- mand and control and improving their dian Army’s Integrated Soldier System performance and protection.” (ISS) in 2015, which it has successfully General Vance highlighted that the Ar- completed. The final production phase gus soldier system “puts on the soldier of the Argus soldier system is now un- or anybody on the ground the ability 18 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports "
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One of the largest aircrafts in exis- in the company’s enhanced industrial fences were erected at Hawarden and tence, Airbus’ super-transporter the network, seeking to support its produc- the runway resurfaced to allow the su- BelugaXL, completed its first flight on tion output for single-aisle and wide- persized plane to land. 19th July 2018, beginning and con- body commercial jetliners. The cockpit $PMMBCPSBUJWF
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cluding at Toulouse-Blagnac in south- crew comprised of Captain Christophe Based on the Airbus A330, the BelugaXL west France. The XL’s first flight kick- Cail, Co-Pilot Bernardo Saez-Benito Her- has 30 per cent more capacity than the starts a 10-month 750-flight-hour cer- nandez and Test-Flight Engineer Jean existing Beluga ST, carrying two A350 tification campaign that will use two Michel Pin, with Laurent Lapierre and XWB wings instead of one. Its new fu- of the highly-modified derivatives of Philippe Foucault monitoring the air- selage is 6.9 m and 1.7 metre longer, Airbus’ old A330-200 freighter. craft systems and performance. lifting a 6-tonnes heavier payload with The extraordinary-looking aircraft, the "The aircraft behaves really well in the aft section more forward than the first of five BelugaXL’s entering service flight," said Christophe Cail, Airbus Chief A330-300 for centre of gravity reasons. in 2019, is painted to look like the Be- Test Pilot as well as captain. "It's impres- Nonetheless, the reinforced floor and luga whale – both are white with large, sive how close the BelugaXL’s perfor- structure comes from the -200F, while bubble-type heads. The whale-type mance is to what we experienced in the the A330 wings, main landing-gear, smile was chosen in a vote by almost ground-based flight simulators." central and aft fuselage form a semi- 21,000 Airbus employees where, of the Airbus has typically used the Beluga built platform without the aft upper six choices, the smiling whale received series to transport aircraft wings from fuselage and with the upper central fu- 40 per cent of the votes to win. factories to its assembly lines in Europe, selage cut off. The enlarged freight hold The successful maiden flight of Airbus’ including a wing factory sited at Ha- can be mounted in three months with new airlifter marks a further milestone warden airport, North Wales. New blast 8,000 new parts on the junction line. 19

The Beluga’s rotund cargo compartment has serious hauling power

Airbus Beluga with Patrouille de France ments, with the aircraft's lower fuselage assembled on the A330 final assembly Meanwhile, adapted by Spain's Aern- 6QHSBEFE
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1SPöMF line. It has now been moved to another nova, the unpressurised hold begins Based on an A330-200 Freighter, the Be- facility for the year-long process of as- with the tail and continues to the up- lugaXL is powered by Rolls Royce Trent sembling the upper fuselage and the per fuselage with two side panels and 700 engines. The lowered cockpit, the lowered nose fuselage. a crown for each section within a maxi- cargo bay structure, the rear-end and &YQBOEJOH
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mum diameter of 8.8 m. the tail have been newly developed in $BQBCJMJUJFT The XL’s main freight door is produced joint partnership with suppliers, so giv- With the most voluminous cargo hold by Stelia Aerospace with 24 latches on ing the aircraft its distinctive look. flying today, the BelugaXL offers a the nose, which includes the cockpit The plane weighs 125 tonnes, capable unique way to transport oversized air and a four-seat courier section sup- of carrying up to 51 tonnes in the hold cargo, enabling the new-generation air- plied by Airbus. Its vertical stabiliser is for more than 4,000 km. It is equipped lifter to speed up transportation from 50 per cent larger, with auxiliary fins on with narrow wings made from carbon- the UK production site to the final as- the horizontal stabiliser and two ventral fibre reinforced polymer materials, sembly line in Toulouse. Once in service, fins beneath the empennage. covering an area of 361.6 m² and a each of the fleet of five BelugaXLs will The BelugaXL will operate at M0.69 up wingspan of 60.3 m. Meanwhile a sin- perform between 900 and 1,000 flights to 35,000 ft and over 2,300 nmi instead gle vertical fin with twin horizontal sta- per year, logging some 1,700 to 1,800 of the original 900 nmi. Deharde Aero- bilisers is located in the tail section and hours annually in servicing eleven line- space and the P3 group have provided fitted with a pair of auxiliary vertical tail- stations at locations across the compa- the upper fuselage, while Aciturri has plane end-fins. ny’s European industrial network. produced the horizontal tail plane ex- The BelugaXL addresses Airbus’ in- Having completed the first BelugaXL’s tension, auxiliary and ventral fins. creased transport capacity require- structural assembly, the second air- 20 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

craft will enter BelugaXL final assembly line in December 2018 with the re- maining three scheduled for each suc- cessive year. However, the five Beluga fleet is only at its half-life and another The BelugaXL’s operator could use them for civil or mil- itary logistic applications. Hence, the maiden flight existing Belugas will not be withdrawn from service when the BelugaXL is in- will lead to this troduced as a mixed fleet to operate for next-generation at least five years. The initial BelugaXL entering operation oversize in 2019 will be the second one to be built with Airbus Transport Internation- airlifter’s service al, followed by two aircraft scheduled for 2020 and one per year in 2021 and entry in 2019 2022. This plan will enable the Beluga STs to be retired during a 2021-2023 timeframe. 0VUTUBOEJOH
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The BelugaXL’s outsized cargo-carrying capability replicates the speed and ef- ficiency of Airbus’s A330 airliner. It not only enables short transport times for production, but the large main cargo deck minimises the need for payload breakdown, crating and packaging. The semi-automated main deck cargo loading system ensures easy and effi- cient handling of payloads, controlled by the trained crews of ATI, while the three-member flight crew consists of two pilots and a loadmaster. The main instrument panel incorporates six cathode ray tube (CRT) displays that continuously provide flight, navigation and systems-monitoring information in a clear, comprehensive manner. Meanwhile, the cockpit also includes controls for a transportable heating module that can be installed in the main deck cargo compartment. The module provides temperature-con- trolled conditions for any sensitive pay- loads the Beluga is to carry, including satellites and paintings. Reference Text/Photo: www.airbus.com Under The Patronage of H.R.H. Prince Abdulaziz Bin Saud Bin Nayef Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Minister of Interior of Saudi Arabia

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Organised by www.snsrexpo.com 22 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

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Delta Tucker Holdings, Inc. (“Hold- Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, and rigorous cost control,” said George ings”), the parent of DynCorp Interna- Office of Aviation (“INL Air Wing”) pro- Krivo, Chief Executive Officer. “We are tional Inc., recently reported second gramme. Net income attributable to very encouraged by the company’s per- quarter 2018 financial results. The rev- Holdings for the second quarter of 2018 formance through the first half of the enue was $550.4 million, up 16 per cent was $24.8 million compared to $5.7 mil- year and remain optimistic about the compared to $474.3 million recorded in lion in the second quarter of 2017. The opportunities looking forward.” the second quarter of 2017. company reported adjusted Earnings 3FDFOU
%FWFMPQNFOUT The increase was primarily due to in- Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and In April, DynLogistics announced a task creased scope on the Logistics Civil Aug- Amortisation (EBITDA) of $48.9 million order modification for expanded work mentation Program IV (“LOGCAP IV”) for the second quarter of 2018 com- to continue providing base life support and the CLS Transport, Naval Test Wing pared to $39.3 million for the same pe- and maintenance services in Afghani- Pacific O-Level Maintenance (“Naval Test riod in 2017. stan under the LOGCAP IV contract. The Wing Pacific”) and the G4 Worldwide Lo- “The company continues to deliver contract modification has a total poten- gistics Support contracts. The increase consistent top line growth and margin tial value of $24.4 million. in revenue was partially offset by lower expansion in the second quarter driven Furthermore, in June, DynLogistics an- volume on the Bureau for International by disciplined execution of our contracts nounced the award of a 12-month task 23

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3FTVMUT plus two option years. The DI Con- order contract extension to continue DynAviation: Revenue in the second tractor Logistics Support (CLS) providing base life support and main- quarter of 2018 was $297.5 million, team supports RAFO technicians tenance services in Afghanistan under up 2.5 per cent compared with $290.3 to assure that assigned aircraft and the LOGCAP IV contract. The contract million recorded in the same period equipment are safe, serviceable and extension has a total potential value in 2017 primarily due to the new CLS properly configured to meet mis- of $258.3 million. DynLogistics also Transport and Naval Test Wing Pacific sion needs. announced the award of the Facilities contracts and the Contractor Logistics Engineering Support Services task or- Support T-34, T-44, T-6 programme (“CLS 2017. The increase was primarily due to der under the Afghanistan Life Support T34/44/6”). The increase in revenue was increased scope on both the LOGCAP IV Services (“ALiSS”) contract. The task or- partially offset by decreased content on programme and ALiSS contract and the der has a one-year base period and four the INL Air Wing contract and the com- G4 Worldwide Logistics Support con- one-year option periods and a total pletion of certain contracts. tract, partially offset by the completion potential task order value of $28.1 mil- DynLogistics: Revenue in the second of the Philippines Operations Support lion. The company also announced the quarter of 2018 was $251.2 million, up (“POS”) contract. task order award under the Air Force 36.8 per cent compared with $183.6 Reference text/photo: Augmentation Program (“AFCAP IV”) million recorded in the same period in www. dyn-intl.com 24 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

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General Dynamics European Land tensive combat operations with the U.S. bridge module allows for transporta- Systems (GDELS) has just signed a con- Army and the U.S. Marine Corps since tion of loads up to military load capacity tract with the Brazilian Army Commis- 2003, but for Thomas Kauffmann, GDELS (MLC) 80 for tracked armoured vehicles sion for the production and delivery of Vice President International Business & and up to MLC 96 for wheeled vehicles its Improved Ribbon Bridge (IRB). IRB is Services, “This new acquisition of the IRB and HET. operated both as a multi-bay ferry and a demonstrates the high confidence and The IRB’s improved folding and unfolding floating bridge to provide wide wet gap satisfaction of the Brazilian Army in the mechanism and non-skid surface is sup- crossing capability for loads. performance of our advanced bridge plemented with improved splash plates Delivery of the first IRB system is sched- systems.” to prevent flooding of the roadway. The uled for 2019, but by focusing its activity As part of the NATO Exercise Anakonda bridge can be laid with the help of a hy- on Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) as 2016, the U.S. and German Armies set up draulic system using bio-degradable, well as the IRB, GDELS is looking to de- an IRB while Dutch engineers set up an non-inflammable fluid, while a 100 m liver trucks, bridge adapter pallets and a SRB. As well as being fully interoperable, bridge with 13 interior and two ramp bays bridge erection boat. The Brazilian Army both systems require the same operation- can be built in approximately 30 minutes. is an existing user of the company’s al skills and bridge-building procedures. The IRB system can be deployed under Floating Support Bridge (FSB) which is *3#
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IRB’s modular, foldable, aluminum bridge system consists of ramp and interior bays 25

ing capabilities that can be crossed by all NATO Main Battle Tanks (MBTs), such as the Leopard 2, M1A2 Abrams and the Challenger 2. It can operate in sig- nificant water currents, enabling every type of vehicle platform to cross the gap when used as part of a bridge or as a multi-bay ferry. )JHI
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9 The PANDUR 6x6 EVO is machine gun. It has the 120mm smooth- the new version of its proven PANDUR bore gun fires standard NATO ammuni- vehicle family. With a GVW up to 18.5 tion and is coupled to a computerised fire tonnes, the Austrian Army has selected control system giving the commander the PANDUR 6X6 EVO in its Armoured and gunner stabilised day/thermal sights Personnel Carrier (APC) configuration. incorporating a laser rangefinder. The compact 6x6 vehicle provides in- "4$0%
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With a GVW of 35 tonnes and in- mobility while accommodating a crew creased volume for the rear troop com- of 11 soldiers and is fitted with a 12.7mm GDELS presented four new armoured partment, it is fitted with an unmanned Remote Controlled Weapon Station. vehicles at this year’s Eurosatory. Mak- turret including a 30mm dual feed can- .FEJVN
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ing their debut were ASCOD IFV and AS- non, 7.62mm co-axial MG, a pod of two The new Variable Folding Bridge (VFB) is a COD MMBT – along with a new version anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM), a Hard flexible and modern bridge system, which of the Pandur family and a new medium Kill Active Defence System and an ad- can be temporarily or permanently fitted mechanised bridge system. vanced 360-degree sight system for in- on various medium-weight wheeled and "4$0%
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creased situational awareness. tracked armoured vehicles. The VFB on ..#5  With a GVW of 42 tonnes, it is fit- Both ASCOD vehicles have been devel- display was mounted on a standard 8x8 ted with a modern 120mm manned tur- oped using GDELS’ new Common Base wheeled armoured vehicle PIRANHA 3. 26 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

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as well as from electromagnetic inter- ference, while still allowing transmis- sions with specific frequencies to pass through. Developing a structure that is protec- tive, while also being aerodynamic and transparent enough for success- ful transmissions is an on-going chal- lenge. General Dynamics engineers have a successful legacy of creating world-class radomes, having produced over 65,000 military and commercial radomes for more than 40 different kinds of aircraft. With more than seven decades of experience manufacturing and testing radomes, General Dynam- ics also has an eye on the future needs of military and commercial customers, and is at the forefront of innovation in the industry. 4NBMMFS
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Engineers at the Marion facility began developing high-performance radomes for military aircraft in 1945, immediately following World War II. The original it- erations of these radomes were crafted from laminated wood. The General Dynamics Mission Sys- navigation systems in both military and The company’s radomes have come tems facility in Marion, Virginia, is one commercial applications in addition to a long way since these early wooden of those that lead the industry in the detection, fire-control, jamming, and models, says Jared Strait, the Senior development of little-known but highly other electronic warfare systems found Director for Composite Solutions. He essential aircraft components: Radomes. in military aircraft. Radomes often serve highlights:Rado “As antennas and targeting In airborne systems, radomes are pro- as the nose cone of aircraft or may be systems evolve, our goal is to make sure tective shells covering radar, navigation found on the dorsal surface, side, or bel- the materials evolve along with them.” and satellite system antennas mounted ly of the fuselage and sometimes even Today’s high-performance wide-band on the aircraft. the tail or wingtips. radomes are designed for use with state- Protecting these systems without limit- These shells are more than just covers. of-the-art Active Electronically Scanned ing them is key for the proper function- They protect the antennas on the ex- Array (AESA) antenna technology used ing of weather, communications and terior of aircraft from physical damage, in modern military radar systems where 27

“wide band” means that the radar sys- tem operates with a broader footprint in the electromagnetic spectrum. Over the last two decades, military customers have reportedly transitioned from me- chanically steered arrays to these active, electronically steered AESA systems, which present their own unique set of challenges. As arrays become smaller and more powerful, so too must the radomes that protect them. General Dynamics engi- neers have worked to develop radomes with wider bandwidths to accommo- date the increased functionality of mod- ern AESA radars, and now have a proven record of success in the manufacturing and development of wide band ra- domes for military use. 0WFSDPNJOH
$IBMMFOHFT Developing radomes is a highly com- plex design process involving size, weight, environmental and aerody- Radomes are used to protect the antennas on the exterior of aircraft from physical namic considerations, as well as electro- damage, as well as from electromagnetic interference magnetic functionality. Engineers have to use materials that are transmissive to performance. Other testing for these ra- General Dynamics engineers primar- specific frequencies, but able to block domes includes characteristics impor- ily design radomes that cover multiple unwanted signals. tant in the aircraft environment such as frequency bands for Boeing and other “In layman’s terms… I’ve got an anten- mechanical shock and vibration, fatigue, aircraft OEMs and IFEC system provid- na, and I’m going to put something in lightning and other environmental ers, including weather and connectivity omesbetween my antenna and the rest of the stressors. radomes used for both domestic and in- world,” explains Strait. “Ideally, you want These are just a few of the many design ternational commercial flights. Currently, your antenna to transmit and receive and development considerations Gen- commercial aircraft for the most part use on the frequency bands it’s interested eral Dynamics engineers have to keep the traditional model of mechanically in with as little interference as possible.” in mind to meet the size, stealth and steered arrays, but that is rapidly chang- Materials such as metal or graphite are power requirements of today’s military ing, according to Strait. too opaque to be useful, Strait says, and commercial aircraft. As the aircraft Strait says the commercial industry is while fiberglass or quartz-like materi- capabilities evolve and modernise, the beginning to follow in the footsteps of als are transparent enough to transmit radomes used must evolve with them. the military, transitioning to low-profile signals and durable enough to keep Anticipating the Future antennas for satellite communication the antenna protected from a variety of Military customers aren’t the only bene- systems and AESA radars. He highlights damage. ficiaries of the innovation at General Dy- this would present its own challenges, Marion’s indoor and outdoor Radio Fre- namics: Modern commercial passengers such as how to develop radomes for quency (RF) ranges are the most com- can enjoy the latest blockbuster film or smaller and smaller arrays that also allow prehensive qualification testing facilities live baseball game during their flight in for more complex, and wide band trans- in the field, allowing engineers to evalu- part because of the in-flight entertain- mission capabilities. ate the characteristics of their radomes, ment and connectivity (IFEC) radome on Reference Text/Photo: which are key for maintaining the radar’s their plane’s fuselage. www. gdmissionsystems.com 28 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

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The Centauro II turret can be fitted with a Hitrole Light RCWS that increases flexibility

A contract for the first tranche of The Iveco – Oto Melara Consortium tauro II represents the evolution, being 10 Centauro II Vehicles, named “New (CIO) is 50 per cent owned by Leonardo. armed with a third generation 120/45 Blindo Centauro” by the Italian Army, The Centauro II marks a step forward mm gun, with integrated muzzle brake was signed by the Iveco – Oto Melara compared to the previous Centauro I, and semi-automatic loading system. Consortium (CIO) senior management in terms of power, observation capabil- The weapon system provides a firepow- at Guidoni Palace, headquarters of the ity, mobility, ergonomics, firing range, er equivalent to that of most modern General Secretariat of Defence and of communication and maximum crew main battle tanks, and is capable of fir- the National Armaments Directorate, in protection. ing all latest generation 120 mm, NATO the presence of the Italian Army Chief The Centauro was one of the first 8x8 APFSDS (Armor Piercing Fin-Stabilized of Staff and of the Land Armaments wheeled antitank vehicle in the world Discarding Sabot) and multi-role MP Director. with a high-pressure gun. The Cen- munitions. The result is a new concept 29

tions, tested to the AEP 55 standard, capable of handling threats such as mines, IEDs and the latest-generation kinetic munitions. Crew safety has also been increased, with partitioning of stand-by ammunition and stores within the hull, in addition to the state- of-the-art NBC, fire-fighting and anti- explosion systems. In terms of ergonomics, the ammuni- tion reserves in the hull are automated, as is the new automatic loading system The turret is equipped with new anti-mine seats in the turret. The turret, equipped with new anti- the H-drive architecture, the Centauro mine seats, has a crew of three men, family hallmark, the chassis was rear- commander, gunner and loader, with ranged to further improve protection the latter able to use the new auto- against mines and IEDs, state-of-the- matic loading system, while being art add-on ballistic packages fitted to able also to undertake manual loading the hull ensuring high level protec- operations, as back-up, or other emer- tion against kinetic energy and hollow gency operations. The turret can be charge projectiles. fitted with a Hitrole Light RCWS that Ammunition stored in the hull and in increases flexibility in other-than-war the turret is hosted in compartments scenarios while ensuring maximum separated from the crew section by ex- crew protection. In the turret, as an plosion-proof doors, pre-carved panels alternative to the external turntable- and dedicated anti-explosion systems mounted anti-aircraft machine gun, a ensuring further crew safety. remote-operated HITROLE Light turret With regards to mobility in particular, can be installed, with the possibility of the power-to-weight ratio, increased to using 7.62 or 12.7 calibre machine guns 24 HP/tonne, provides unequalled per- as well as 40 mm AGLs, integrated with formance in terms of speed and accel- the firing system, allowing the loader to eration thanks to the new-generation undertake battlefield surveillance from IVECO engine, offering more than 720 a protected position. HP, and to the associated modernisa- The Centauro II turret is fitted with lat- tion of the transmission, braking sys- est generation optronics for the com- tem and control electronics. mander and gunner and with a suite of wheeled armoured vehicle capable The digital tyre pressure control (CTIS), of communications and command and of operating in any scenario: from na- allied with run-flat systems, the new control systems ensuring maximum tional security missions, to peacekeep- suspension, and the low nominal situational awareness. ing and support operations including ground pressure allow the new Cen- Optronic equipment includes a pano- all interventions involving the Italian tauro armoured vehicle to extricate ramic commander’s sight and a gun- Armed Forces. itself from any type of terrain. ner’s sight, both latest-generation, and *ODSFBTFE
.PCJMJUZ As for ballistic armour, protection lev- a back-up sight for use in degraded To ensure unique mobility, a new-gen- els are significantly higher than in the mode. The vehicle is fully network-inte- eration engine, upgraded transmission, past, with a completely rearranged hull grated (for NCW). braking system and control electronics chassis and turret design, integratable Reference Text/Photo: have been adopted. While maintaining add-on ballistics and technical solu- www.iveco-otomelara.com 30 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports .FUFPS
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In the first half of 2018, Leonardo able with magnetron or klystron trans- Leonardo is renowned for providing secured a number of international mitters and dual polarisation. best-in-class systems in C, S and X Band contracts for its Meteor family of ra- Equipping METEOR weather radars weather radar systems worldwide. dars, through its German subsidiary with dual polarisation further enhances Over the past 20 years, more than 400 Selex ES GmbH. The deals follow the the measurement of precipitation in- of the company’s Gematronik METEOR announcement in March of a major tensity and makes way for the catego- product line have been put into opera- contract with Australia, which will see risation of different types of hydrome- tion for leading meteorological service the company delivering and install- teor such as drizzle, rain, hail and snow. providers in over 80 countries, includ- ing new S-Band and C-Band weather These low maintenance weather radar ing on every continent. Below is a look radar systems throughout the coun- systems have been designed to suit at some of the latest developments: try. These latest contracts, awarded in the needs of operational radar users. 4UBUFPGUIFBSU
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3B competition against a pool of interna- Featuring narrow pencil beam anten- dars in Australia tional providers, highlight Leonardo’s nas, unsurpassed step-response times Selex ES GmbH was recently awarded industry leading capabilities in weath- in elevation and real-time digital signal a contract by the Bureau of Meteorol- er radar technology. processing means METEOR systems ac- ogy to deliver meteorological radars in Selex ES GmbH provides weather radars quire extremely accurate atmospheric Australia. In the tender, the Bureau of with field-proven reliability. The METE- data at high speed. Together with Rain- Meteorology called for quotations for C- OR range of C-Band, S-Band and X-Band bow, its best-in-class meteorological and S-Band radar systems and selected radars employ breakthrough technolo- software, METEOR systems are used Leonardo as the sole supplier of new me- gies from the meteorology, signal pro- in operational radar meteorology, hy- teorological radars for the coming years cessing and engineering sectors, as well drology, aviation and research for the following a detailed scrutiny of the tech- as the semi-conductor and IT industries precise detection and tracking of thun- nical offers. The deed of supply has an to deliver the best possible quantitative derstorms, wind shear and other severe initial term of four years and includes the data. METEOR weather radars are avail- weather phenomena. option to be extended to up to 10 years. 31

The METEOR 700S high-powered S-Band weather radar

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4ZTUFNT ville, Republic of Congo, Antananarivo, sor processing and display software In Europe, Selex ES GmbH’s longstand- Madagascar, Bangui, Central African Re- and SmartWx web-based decision sup- ing weather radar customers placed public, and Libreville, Gabon. The radar port and display system. further orders. Météo France, the systems will be used for the detection In Indonesia, the government’s agency French meteorological service, award- of wind shears, convection, turbulence, for meteorology, climatology and geo- ed a framework contract to the com- and the concise provision of alerts to air physics, Badan Meteorologi, Klimatolo- pany, which could see it supplying up traffic controllers. gi, dan Geofisika (BMKG), has chosen to six S-Band magnetron weather radar For this purpose, Selex is going to pro- Selex ES GmbH to deliver a turnkey systems. The objective is to modernise vide its ShearScout turnkey solution software integration project. This will France’s weather radar network by re- for wind shear detection including the include a national data processing cen- placing existing systems in France as supply of METEOR 60DX weather ra- tre covering multiple radars, based on well as those in use with its overseas dars. ShearScout has been designed the Rainbow 5 software. The system will departments. and implemented using SESAR (Single initially incorporate 21 radars, later ex- Reference Text/Photo: European Sky ATM Research) derived panding to include more than 60 radars www.de.selex-es.com developments that can be used seam- from other suppliers. www.leonardocompany.com SUPPORTED BY ORGANISED BY

ELECTRONIC WARFARE GCC 2018 8 – 10 October 2018 | Abu Dhabi, UAE

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Commander, EW Command, UAE Official Delegation, Saudi Arabia

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Strategic Perspectives *NQMFNFOUJOH
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cessful strategists that have been thodox solutions (which may look discussed in these pages over the unsettling at first) and thrives on past few years can be developed unstructured processes (such as only after foundational thinking brainstorming) and through parallel skills are developed to enable their structured processes, such as lateral execution. The strategic principles, thinking. Creative thinking provides deception, deterrence, reassurance, the essential route for execution information operations, resilience, success. strategic protection and even hu- With these mental skills strategists man security profit immensely from can employ evidence-based ap- the key thinking skills that comprise proaches and focus national power strategic thinking. through well managed coordination The key elements of strategic think- and synchronisation of effects to ing include: critical and creative achieve long term national interests. thought processes, disciplined ap- None of these traits and techniques By: Dr. John R.Ballard proaches and the mindset to under- can be used effectively until our fu- Former Dean of the National Defense stand national priorities. ture leaders develop the strategic College Critical thinking mandates the mindset and mental discipline that [email protected] use of objective, fact-based analy- allows them to understand the es- sis to form judgments. It requires sential elements of national power self-disciplined and self-corrective and be able to conceptualise how thinking and rigorous standards of states interact on the global scene, Today we face unrest in many parts excellence. It also demands effec- while focusing all efforts on the es- of the region, changing economic tive communication and problem- sential needs of the nation. conditions, technological transfor- solving abilities, as well as a commit- Managing future threats and chal- mations effecting every facet of our ment to overcome bias, egocentrism lenges and taking full advantages of lives, and significant threats in the and other blind-spots. Critical think- future opportunities will test even cyber realm; solutions to these chal- ing provides the key to effective the best strategic leaders. lenges will require the coordinated analysis. Global power struggles will con- employment of national tools to Creative thinking on the other hand tinue, and innovation will ensure reassure friends and dissuade oppo- is less about self-discipline and more that our future remains undeter- nents, now and in the years to come. about mindfulness and openness to mined, but the UAE’s ability to em- Such challenges will never go away new ideas. The strategic landscape ploy national power will continue to and may become even more acute is ever-evolving and complete so- demand that leaders develop and as regional and international con- lutions to strategic problems are hone their strategic thinking skills. ditions change over time. Strategic rarely found in historical examples With those skills, nurtured by our thinking forms the essential basis (though history can develop cru- current leaders, advanced though for almost all effective national re- cial perspectives that are valuable education such as that provided at sponses and should continue to be for successful execution.) Creative the National Defense College, and the keystone of strategic leader de- thinking requires strategists to look honed through the unrelenting velopment throughout the nation. at problems and situations from a tests of real world interaction, the All of the elements needed by suc- fresh perspective; it values unor- UAE will continue to prosper. 34 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

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The first 23 students of Patria and Finnair Flight Academy’s Multi-Crew Pilot License (MPL) training recently graduated. Approximately 100 Finnair MPL students are in training.

Pilots with MPL license have been trained to fly Finnair’s Airbus A320 air- craft as First Officers. Once they have gained 1,500 hours they can apply for an ordinary unrestricted Airline Trans- port Pilot License (ATPL). The first one to receive his MPL license after 18 months of training was Mikko Nikkanen. He will start working as a Finnair A320 First Of- ficer in the near future. “Flight test results of MPL students have been superb. MPL training clearly works as anticipated and the students can start flying immediately as Finnair´s A320 co-pilots,” said Vesa Kaartinen, Pa- tria Pilot Training´s head of training. MPL training includes Type Rating for the Airbus A320 together with a full ATPL theory training package. Students Airbus A320 fixed base simulator receive 250 hours of flight training out of which over 50 per cent takes place in pilots after graduation. Over 50 per cent designed as a flexible training product the Airbus cockpit environment. About of training flight hours will be flown in and will be tailored to meet the needs 14 months of the training takes place in Fixed Base and Full Flight Airbus A320 of the customer Airline. In MPL, training Finland’s Patria Pirkkala base and four simulators to make sure cadets will be actual flight hours will be complement- months at Finnair Flight Academy in professional co-pilots after graduation. ed with high quality simulation training the city of Vantaa. MPL will teach future co-pilots com- in the A320 cockpit environment. Fly- There are currently three additional prehensive skills to operate the Air- ing has become more and more flight MPL courses under training, and the bus even under the most demanding management and MPL addresses di- next one will start in November 2018. weather conditions, safely and with the rectly to these issues. 'MFYJCMF
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The extensive use of simulators in pilot training makes it possible to provide economic and safe training

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and will be used for test pilot training courses commencing early 2019. Under the contract concluded with QinetiQ in 2016, Pilatus is to provide two PC-21s to ETPS based in Wiltshire, in the south of England. ETPS func- tions as a training centre for flight test engineers and test pilots of fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft. Nine custom- ers have bought 211 PC-21s since its maiden flight in 2002. 5IF
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PC-21 provides significant advantages over traditional turboprops and jet trainers

bird strike protection. Environmental control and a pressurised cabin max- Systems integration is at the heart of the PC-21 cockpit imise crew comfort. The zero-zero ejection seats provide unparalleled lenging and rewarding for the pilot traditional turboprops and jet trainers. safety whilst accommodating the wid- preparing for the front line. The 1600 3FEVDJOH
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$BQBCJMJUZ weapon found on the latest genera- line training to the PC-21. Systems integration is at the heart of tion of fighter aircraft. Realistic tactical A digital power management system the PC-21 cockpit philosophy. As an training can be carried out without the and automatic yaw compensation advanced trainer aircraft, the cockpit extra costs associated with practice make the PC-21 easy to fly in the cir- display and control systems are con- weapons and air-to-ground weapons cuit, and also ensure the performance figured to match the latest generation ranges. Using the radar simulation, required for advanced training. The ca- front-line aircraft as closely as possible. beyond visual-range missile employ- pabilities of the PC-21 make it ideally Trainees are exposed to an operational ment can be taught without the need suited to a very wide training envelope. cockpit environment at the earliest for other aircraft as an airborne target. It can be used from day one, eliminat- stages of their training. This enables For air-to-ground training, the PC-21 ing the need for an elementary flying aircrew to acquire skills that are of provides various weapon modes such training fleet and also bridge the per- direct relevance to front-line aircraft as continuously computed release formance gap between traditional tur- from day one. The one-piece canopy point and continuously-computed im- boprop trainers and expensive lead- has no metal arch in the front cockpit pact point delivery modes. in fighters. In this respect, the PC-21 improving visibility for the pilot. This Reference Text/Photo: provides significant advantages over is achieved without compromising www.pilatus-aircraft.com 38 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

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The government of Sweden signed an fence against ballistic and cruise mis- $POUJOVBMMZ
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1FBDF Air and Missile Defence System is like a from the U.S. Army. The agreement, Since it was first fielded, Raytheon’s Pa- concept car. You do not want to put it formally referred to as a Letter of Of- triot has been used by five nations in in action until it has been through rig- fer and Acceptance, paves the way for more than 200 combat engagements orous testing. Lives depend on it, and Sweden’s Patriot force to rapidly reach against manned and unmanned air- Raytheon is also constantly upgrading initial operational capability. craft, cruise missiles, and tactical ballis- the system to make sure it uses the very “Sweden and 15 other countries trust tic missiles. Since January 2015, Patriot latest technology. our Patriot system to defend its citi- has intercepted more than 100 ballistic “We’ve conducted more than 3,200 zens, military and sovereignty because missiles in combat operations around tests and 1,500 live fires for Patriot to Patriot has a proven track record of de- the world; more than 90 of those inter- date and I’m happy to say there will be feating ballistic missiles and a host of cepts involved the low-cost Raytheon- countless more,” said Brian MacDonald, other aerial threats,” said Wes Kremer, made Guidance Enhanced Missile fam- director of testing for Patriot at Raythe- president of Raytheon Integrated De- ily of surface-to-air missiles. on Integrated Defense Systems.“ fense Systems. “Patriot in Sweden will Those engagements were possible be- That was the approach Raytheon took enhance North Atlantic security and cause Patriot is built on a foundation of with Patriot Post-Deployment Build further strengthen the trans-Atlantic more than 3,000 ground tests and over 8. Each post-deployment build is an partnership by providing a common 1,400 flight tests. Each and every time upgrade to the currently fielded version approach to integrated air and missile Patriot is tested or live fired, engineers of Patriot. PDB-7 is successfully engag- defence.” uncover new ways to further improve ing threats and saving civilian lives in Patriot is the backbone of Europe’s de- or enhance the system. an ongoing conflict, but there’s always 39

Testing for Patriot won’t end when the PDB-8 tests conclude. Fourteen na- Patriot is tions depend on Patriot as the corner- stone of their Air and Missile Defense. designed in a They need the system to stay ahead of threats that are constantly evolving manner that and improving, so Raytheon engineers are hard at work on the next upgrade allows it to be to Patriot – PDB-8.1. The result of the improvements and continually enhancements is that today’s Patriot is advanced, modern, and capable of upgraded and defeating the full spectrum of threats. improved It shares the same name and basic pur- pose of the Patriot of the past, but that is where the similarity ends. Those items were addressed with This is possible because Patriot’s ar- PDB-8, which Raytheon developed, chitecture is flexible and designed in a rigorously tested in the New Mexico manner that allows it to be continually desert and then turned over to the upgraded and improved. U.S. Army for operational testing. This on-going modernisation is funded A report about Patriot testing, re- by members of the Patriot partnership leased in early 2018 by the U.S. De- – a 16-nation consortium of Patriot us- partment of Defense’s Operational ers which has invested significantly in Test and Evaluation directorate, stated improvements, enhancements and up- that in almost all cases, PDB-8 worked grades over the past 20 years. room for improvement. Testing identi- like it was supposed to. The report also /BUJPO
*OUFSPQFSBCJMJUZ fied a number of improvement oppor- pointed out that soldiers discovered Raytheon has built more than 220 Pa- tunities for PDB-7, some of which were some areas where PDB-8 could be triot fire units and delivered them to outlined in a 2016 report issued by the improved. Raytheon engineers wel- customers in 16 nations. Many of those U.S. Government Accountability Office. comed this feedback. countries have chosen to take advan- tage of Patriot’s flexible architecture and upgrade their systems. That trans- lates into global interoperability. Coun- tries with Patriot can – and do – train together. And if need be, they can op- erate together in combat. 5IF
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Train as You Fight

Rockwell Collins and DRS announced plans at Farnborough to work together to bring their state-of-the-art Joint Secure Air Combat Training System (JSAS) to the prime contractor teams’ bidding for the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) Air Support to Defence Opera- tional Training (ASDOT) programme and for the Future Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation System (FACMIS) re- quirement. JSAS is the next generation Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumenta- tion (ACMI) solution that brings proven security, advanced networking, and growth into Live, Virtual, Constructive (LVC) capabilities. Through this collaborative effort, JSAS can interoperate with the P5 waveform enabling communications between JSAS, the F-35 and existing P5 training pods. With superior networking fea- aviators need to be digitally con- tures, JSAS lays the foundation for future nected across a battlespace that might connectivity to the MoD’s Defence Op- cover thousands of miles. However, we erational Training Capability (Air) pro- don’t have the aircraft to credibly train certified four-level Multiple Independ- gramme (DOTC-A) to help deliver the with real assets alone. And given the ca- ent Levels of Security (MILS) training balance of live and synthetic training the pabilities of new weapon systems, they equipment in both airborne and ground MoD seeks to achieve. have to go well beyond the constraints equipment, allowing for tethered and “This collaboration brings a host of key of a fixed training range. The answer is autonomous operations. MILS provides capabilities to the MoD, including the blended live and synthetic training that secure interoperability between 5th- multi-enclave security and interoper- ensures warfighters are ready to fight Gen and 4th-Gen aircraft, bringing signif- ability needed for fifth-generation and win the battles they may face in the icant training benefit to all participants fighters,” said Sarah Minett, managing 21st Century. in a simulated, high-threat combat en- director, United Kingdom for Rockwell JSAS offers latest-generation capabili- vironment. Further, JSAS supports LVC Collins. ties for increased operational realism. training now. -JWF
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JSAS from Rockwell Collins and DRS On April 16, 2015, Rockwell Collins Blended live and synthetic training – is Training & Control Systems brings all the performed the first successful LVC air the future of battlespace training solu- capabilities together for high-fidelity air combat training flight using production tions. Today, Air Force pilots and naval combat training. JSAS provides the first JSAS (Joint Secure Air combat training 41

Rockwell Collins’ JSAS provides proven security, advanced networking and LVC capabilities

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“TCTS Inc. II will bring a heightened Rockwell Collins and DRS have just suc- sense of realism that allows pilots to tru- cessfully completed the Preliminary De- ly ‘train as they fight’ and be better pre- sign Review for their contracted delivery pared for real situations,” said Troy Brunk, of the Tactical Combat Training System vice president and general manager, Increment II (TCTS Inc. II) programme for Communication, Navigation and Elec- the U.S. Navy and has been approved to tronic Warfare Solutions for Rockwell begin detailed design work, which in- Collins. “The system provides five times cludes similar requirements to the U.K. the network capacity compared to cur- MoD’s ASDOT and FACMIS programmes. rent air combat training systems, making The initial $142 million award for TCTS it scalable and adaptable for emerging Inc. II was announced last year with missions and threats as needed.” System) equipment. The form, fit, func- Rockwell Collins being selected as the The system also enables future live tion production equipment includes prime contractor and systems integrator blended with synthetic (virtual and con- Multiple Independent Levels of Security for the next-generation air combat train- structive) real-time air combat training (MILS) encryption and high assurance ing system along with collaboration and with additional onboard participant em- MILS Cross Domain Solution (CDS) in support from Leonardo DRS. bedded processing, onboard weapon both the airborne and ground systems. The TCTS Inc. II programme will replace flyout models, low end-to-end network This LVC exercise demonstrates that the the Navy and Marine Corps’ training latency and industry interfaces. key technologies from the CRIIS (Com- range infrastructure while improving ef- Rockwell Collins, Leonardo DRS and mon Range Integrated Instrumentation fectiveness of training across all squad- PMA-205 have combined expertise that System) programme are real. rons and fleet forces. The combination of spans the entire air-combat training JSAS takes advantage of more than open system Multiple Independent Lev- spectrum, providing a solution that de- $300 million in technology investment els of Security (MILS) architecture and livers multi-level security architecture, to realise test and training commonality government data rights ensures rapid an open, FACE-conformant environment for reduced development and life-cycle adaptation to emerging threats and mis- and mature, fielded technologies and costs, expertise in MILS encryption, sions, while on range or while deployed. expertise. advanced data links, networking, LVC, TCTS Inc. II advances the existing range Reference Text/Photo: simulation systems and ConOps and in- training infrastructure and is easily scal- www.rockwellcollins.com 42 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

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44 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports

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Russian Helicopters (part of Ros- versions of the helicopter with in- siles and the President-S onboard de- tec State Corporation) presented mod- creased combat capability will be high fense system with a laser station ernised Mi-35M and Mi-35P attack in many countries,” said Anatoly Serdy- for suppression of infra-red homing helicopters for the first time at the In- ukov, Industrial Director, Aviation Clus- heads of man-portable air-defense ternational Military-Technical Fo- ter of Rostec State Corporation. system missiles. Additional equip- rum ARMY 2018, which was held from The modernised Mi-35P helicopter has ment may include *VOR/ILS systems August 21-26 in Kubinka in the Moscow the OPS-24N-1L observation-sight sys- and a radio rangefinder for measur- Region. The machines at static display tem with a third generation matrix long ing the distance between a helicopter had avionics which have undergone a wavelength thermal imager, a TV cam- and ground-based beacons. considerable upgrade, and new military era and a laser rangefinder. The new “The Mi-24/35 helicopters are among equipment. digital flight simulator based on the the machines most frequently used in “The multi-purpose Mi-24 military- PKV-8 automatic flight control system military operations all over the world. transport helicopter (Mi-35 is its ver- will increase the helicopter’s steadiness, They have been used during more than sion for export) is the first Russian heli- and automate piloting. In addition, a 30 wars and military conflicts. With such copter designed especially for military modernised sight and computing sys- wide experience, we have managed to operations. Its design is so good that tem will increase the accuracy of target perfect this platform, and now we are now it is one of the most sought-after engagement. consistently equipping it with state-of- machines on the international market, The new Mi-35M helicopter has much the-art armaments and avionics. Serial and it has proved its high performance more options in terms of equipment. production of the upgraded machines during military operations many times. The helicopter can be further upgraded will commence when all the modifica- We expect that the demand for new for using Igla-S air-to-air guided mis- tions have been tested,” said Andrey 45

ing fire support for ground troops. It is machine both in Russia and abroad: we equipped with modern high-precision also expect that there will be demand weapons and can perform combat mis- for it in Asia, Africa and the Middle East,” sions at any time of the day and in all said Serdyukov. weather conditions. The most impor- Specialists of Mil Moscow Helicopter tant features of the Mi-35 helicopter in- Plant will conduct preliminary flight clude its ability to carry personnel with tests of Mi-26T2, and after that the ma- armaments and transport up to three chine will be handed over to military wounded persons from the battlefield, officers for official tests. as well as cargo inside the cabin or on “We have managed to considerably an external sling. reduce the load on the crew by auto- .J57
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The littoral environment is unyield- sors, and shorter response, detection its target. ing terrain, which poses numerous and reaction times, and you have a Gungnir is the newest addition to the dangers – such as confinement, clutter harsh, challenging place,” says Patrik RBS15 family, utilising the RBS15 Mk4 and adverse weather. Couple this with Frank, Saab’s Program Director for the missile. However, it’s more than just a recent advances in technology, and it RBS15 Gungnir. “But if you can cope missile – Gungnir is the complete solu- is clear we are facing ever-evolving and with littoral scenarios, you can cope tion, seamlessly integrating with exist- increasingly complex conflict scenari- with any area.” ing infrastructure to comprehensively os in these environments. Forces must Saab’s answer to these challenges tackle tomorrow’s ever-escalating adapt or lose valuable people and as- comes in the form of Gungnir’s en- pressures. sets. Armed forces therefore need to hanced capabilities. The RBS15 mis- “RBS15 Gungnir is offered in both air- evolve their capabilities and the RBS15 sile family is jointly produced by Diehl launched and surface-launched con- Gungnir provides the solution. Saab Defence GmbH & Co. KG and Saab and figurations that offer greatly improved launched the next generation anti- serves with various navies, coastal bat- capabilities, compared to other missile ship missile system RBS15 Gungnir at teries and air forces from Sweden, Fin- systems on the market. With an im- Farnborough. land, Germany, Poland, Croatia, Thai- proved range to more than 300 km and “The littoral space is confined, posing land and an undisclosed country. highly advanced target seeker, it gives limited manoeuvrability – and most The name Gungnir is from Scandina- the capability to engage any target, in conflict hotspots have littoral aspects. vian mythology and refers to the Norse all conditions,” says Görgen Johansson, Add longer-range weapons and sen- god Odin’s spear which never missed Senior Vice President and head of Saab 47

With an improved range and advanced target seeker, RBS15 Gungnir gives the capability to engage any target, in all conditions RBS15 Gungnir is offered in both air-launched and surface-launched configurations business area Dynamics. tance provides clear protection with bilities,” he adds. The option to engage targets from the increased stand-off. The Mk4’s low A key feature is the option to engage air, as well as from land and sea gives weight is another key attribute, which targets from the air, as well as from land the ability to perform coordinated at- means it can be used in air systems and and sea. This enhances the ability to tacks, with multiple missiles, against on a wide range of surface platforms.” perform coordinated attacks with mul- a wide range of naval and land-based 3FBEZ
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For the past 50 years, the MENA re- Moving away from hydrocarbons is an across the region. gion has gained enormous significance on-going process for the ME, one that #VJMEJOH
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The Middle East is setting an example for the renewables industry

The UAE has set a target to meet 44 per cent of its energy needs from renewables The Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park

Each successful solar project is building site solar park in the world, is currently replicate. the case for further investment and de- adding another 800MW of photovoltaic Renewable energy has become eco- velopment in the Middle East. Below is capacity for its third phase of develop- nomically attractive in the country. a look at some recent announcements: ment. The park also broke ground on Ramping up renewables to 10 per cent 6"&
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WFES to Accelerate Sustainable Development

Set to take place from January 14 to 17, 2019, the World Future En- ergy Summit (WFES) is one of the world’s leading specialist events in energy, clean technology and sus- tainability. The event aims to unite future energy and cleantech, all in one place, attracting specialist speakers, exhibitors, investors and start-ups. As the cornerstone of the Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week, hosted by Masdar, WFES has an engag- WFES Expo will host over 850 exhibiting companies from 40 countries ing agenda that aims to inspire newable sources by 2023. In late March critical contributors to the success of the innovation, showcase industry- 2018, the Saudi Government and Ja- project, which also aimed to tie-up with leading technology and encour- pan’s SoftBank announced their inten- major international technology compa- age investment. tion to build 200GW of solar capacity nies and international universities with At the event next year, WFES Expo throughout Saudi Arabia by 2030, at a expertise in renewable energy educa- will host over 850 exhibiting com- combined cost of $200 billion. If even tion, to help train the local population in panies from 40 countries. It will fea- a fraction of this project is realised, it servicing this burgeoning industry. ture a high-level summit as well as will have staggering implications for &HZQU
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The seventh batch of Iridium NEXT satellites built by Thales Alenia Space (JV Thales 67 per cent and Leonardo 33 per cent) has been successfully launched by SpaceX from Vanden- berg Air Force Base in California. The success of this seventh launch for the Iridium NEXT programme further so- lidifies the company’s reputation for excelled expertise as prime contractor for sophisticated satellite communica- tions (SATCOM) systems. “Iridium is replacing its existing con- stellation of 66 low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites by sending 75 Iridium NEXT satellites into space, including spares. Sixty-five Iridium NEXT satellites are now in orbit. Overall System Accep- tance has been confirmed by Iridium. The last launch of 10 Iridium NEXT satellites is nearing now. I am very pleased to confirm that everything is on track to meet Thales Alenia Space’s objective, namely to launch all 75 Irid- supervision of a dedicated local Thales ties for communications on the move ium NEXT LEO satellites in 2018,” said Alenia Space and Iridium team. Launch (individuals, land vehicles, aircraft and Denis Allard, Iridium NEXT Vice Presi- and Early Operations (LEOP) and In Or- ships), and ensures fully global cover- dent for Thales Alenia Space. bit Tests are performed by Thales Ale- age, including the poles and over the Thales Alenia Space, the system prime nia Space in coordination with Iridium, ocean. contractor for the Iridium NEXT pro- from Iridium’s Satellite Network Opera- Thanks to its global coverage and in- gramme, is in charge of engineering, tion Center (SNOC) in Leesburg, Va. dependent operation, not requiring integration, and in-orbit validation of Each Iridium NEXT satellite is equipped any ground infrastructure, Iridium’s all 81 Iridium NEXT satellites, compris- with star tracker sensors provided by network provides vital assistance un- ing 66 operational satellites, whereas Leonardo to guarantee attitude deter- der very challenging conditions, such the remaining 15 satellites will serve as mination and control. as in isolated areas, during natural in-orbit and ground spares. The satel- The Iridium NEXT constellation will of- disasters or during conflicts, to name lites are manufactured in a production fer global connectivity thanks to 66 a few. Its independence from local line process by Thales Alenia Space’s interconnected satellites at an altitude ground infrastructure delivers secure subcontractor Northrop Grumman of 780 km, along with nine spares communications, including protection Corporation (formerly known as Or- in parking orbits and six more spare against intrusion and hacking. bital ATK), at its Satellite Manufactur- satellites on the ground. This global Reference Text/Photo ing Facility in Gilbert, Ariz. under the network provides unrivalled capabili- www.thalesgroup.com 52 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports ADMS 2018 Displays India’s Defence Dexterity

ADMS witnessed participation of more than 70 companies

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a lot of opportunities for Indian aero- space and defence manufacturers, especially MSMEs and start-ups, as the government is looking to achieve absolute self-reliance in the sector by promoting indigenisation. “Now is the time for Indian start-ups and MSMEs to show their capabilities. Like never before, we have liberalised the procurement process and reduced the complexity of the procedures. It is a great challenge to fulfil the require- ments of our DPSUs and Armed Forces, but it opens the entrance to be a part of defence indigenisation. Events like ADMS are playing a big role in identi- fying the right suppliers,” he explained. dian start-ups have great potential to for additive manufacturing in the sec- Furthermore, T Suvarna Raju said that significantly reduce our defence and tor and ISRO is happily taking forward the DPSUs have the right bunch of aerospace imports.” its applications, he stressed. suppliers in the private sector to pro- S Somanath, one of the key speakers Focus on Indigenisation vide them with critical components at the event, shed light on the fact Defence Public sector company, Hin- and systems. At the event, he urged that the space sector is now looking dustan Aeronautics Limited exhibited exhibitors to make use of the support for private manufacturers to supply various products, which they are plan- provided by the government to the critical components and systems for ning for indigenisation. While the In- maximum and help India achieve the launch vehicles and satellites. The dian Air Force maintenance command dream of self-reliance. Indian Space Research Organisation exhibited products identified for local He highlighted: “Earlier HAL was a bit (ISRO) has started indigenisation ef- manufacturing. apprehensive to approve procure- forts in ensuring the supply of met- The Indian Army also exhibited vari- ments from private players owing to als and super alloys. Manufacturing ous products for local manufacturing. the poor quality of the parts. But now, is a critical factor now in space sector The main reason for the participation things have changed, and the private and start-ups and MSMEs have a great of the IAF, Army and other major pub- sector is very much concerned about challenge ahead of them to fulfil the lic sector companies were to find out keeping the standards and quality. In- requirements. There is a lot of scope potential vendors who would be ca- pable of manufacturing various prod- ucts. Plus, the Indian Air Force, Navy and Army officers expressed satisfac- tion for the fact that they could meet potential suppliers at the event Most of the MSME companies exhib- ited various products, which they sup- ply to Indian and foreign companies. The event was attended by represen- tatives from DPSUs, Defence and Civil Aviation Ministry, DRDO, private In- dustry, State Government, Certifying Authorities, Armed Forces, Decision- ADMS 2018 was inaugurated by K J George, Minister for Large & Medium Makers in Defence and Aerospace Are- Scale Enterprises, IT, BT, Science & Technology, Government of Karnataka na, Technology Suppliers and Seekers. 54 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Reports 4XJGU
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Air Tractor and L3 Technologies re- customers. ForceX Widow mission management cently announced that their AT-802L COBRA is an exportable, multi-proto- system. Widow is a fourth-generation Longsword Intelligence, Surveillance col, software-defined system tailored mission execution software applica- & Reconnaissance (ISR) and light- to meet domestic and international tion capable of combining input from attack system now supports compat- mission objectives. It has the capabili- multiple sensors. These include the ibility with BAE Systems’ COBRA – the ty to integrate as a pod on the AT-802L L3 WESCAM MX-15 EO/IR sensor, multi-function signals intelligence wing station and can be integrated in the Horizon Technologies FlyingFish and electronic warfare sensor family an inboard configuration. It is ideal XPOD airborne satellite phone moni- of systems. for supporting intelligence opera- toring system and the Thales I-Master Longsword, a collaboration be- tions and traditional military and law Radar that features Moving Target In- tween L3 Technologies and Air Trac- enforcement activities with precision dicator and Coherent Change Detec- tor, is a low-cost aircraft, with Federal airborne ES and EA capabilities. tion capabilities. Aviation Administration (FAA) and “Compatibility with BAE Systems’ “The COBRA system fits perfectly with Military Type certificates that can be COBRA highlights the multi-mission the AT-802L Longsword’s characteris- configured for ISR and light-attack flexibility of the AT-802L Longsword,” tics,” said Jim Hirsch, president of Air missions. said Mark Von Schwarz, senior vice Tractor. “Like the Longsword, it em- The BAE Systems COBRA family of sys- president and president of L3 Aero- bodies essential elements of the for- tems is an open architecture signals space Systems. “The aircraft can accom- eign internal defence mission: lethal, intelligence (SIGINT) and Electronic modate multiple sensors and still have interoperable, affordable, survivable, Support/Electronic Attack (ES/EA) ca- hard points available for weapons.” agile.” pability that can be combined with To create the AT-802L Longsword, L3 1FSTJTUFOU
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Peace diplomacy in the Horn of Africa: The UAE and the task of stabilising the pillars of regional security and stability

The peace diplomacy of the United UAE’s relations with both important who comes from the country’s largest Arab Emirates through the mediation countries and analyses the dimensions ethnic group, the Oromo, has led ma- of His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin of the UAE’s interest in preserving re- jor reforms both at home and abroad. Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu gional security and stability. Since Ethi- The Ethiopian people are aspiring for Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Com- opian Prime Minister, Abiy Ahmed Ali, Abiy Ahmed to lead the country to a mander of the Armed Forces, succeed- was sworn in before the Parliament on better future. He has received regional ed in ending the conflict and the crisis April 2, Ethiopia and the East African and international respect and appreci- between Ethiopia and Eritrea. In this region have undergone historic trans- ation for his experience and scientific issue, Nation Shield sheds light on the formations. The Ethiopian politician, qualifications. 57

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The Horn of Africa is a peninsula in East security, especially in view of the po- and Eritrea aims to prevent Qatar from Africa which includes Ethiopia, Eritrea, tential repercussions of the construc- penetrating this vital region, particu- Djibouti, Kenya and Somalia. It is stra- tion of the "Renaissance Dam" which larly Eritrea, through the help of the tegically important for the Arab and directly affects Egypt's national secu- Muslim Brotherhood. Gulf national security, and in particular rity and requires close cooperation t
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for the UAE strategic planning, in light between Egypt and Ethiopia to under- in sub-Saharan Africa in terms of area, of the attempts of regional countries to stand water quotas and avoid the out- population and economic importance. expand their influence in that region. break of a water war between the two t
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lation of more than 100 million, to ing the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. and the Qatari and Iranian roles in the achieve the fastest economic growth It also controls maritime navigation Horn of Africa, where Turkey has a mili- in Africa by the end of the year at 8.5 across the Bab al-Mandab Straits. tary base in Somalia, and has signed an per cent. t
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ties for trade, economic cooperation t
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DSF- and investment, especially after recent of Africa in terms of its proximity to the ation of an Ethiopian-Sudanese axis to economic measures taken by the state Gulf oil resources has made the Gulf put pressure on Egypt. to liberalise the economy. countries, led by the UAE, restructure t
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regional forces to strengthen relations cure maritime lanes for the transport direct investments in Ethiopia. The UAE with it. of their oil exports. also hosts large numbers of Ethiopian t
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Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Com- structure projects, and attracting for- most important drivers of the UAE ori- mander of the UAE Armed Forces, eign investment, thereby helping the entation towards Africa, especially in confirmed in his official statements new Ethiopian Prime Minister achieve view of the growing emergence of rad- the depth of the relations between the his ambitious development goals. ical groups in the east of the continent. United Arab Emirates and Ethiopia. 5IF
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"GSJDB rorist organisations seeking to destabi- marks the culmination of the UAE's The role of the UAE mediation be- lise the countries of the Horn of Africa. diplomatic efforts in this regard. tween Ethiopia and Eritrea has not 59

The Ethiopian-Eritrean conflict lasted for two decades and re- quired the wisdom of a state man who was raised at Zayed Al Khair School. His Highness Sheikh Mo- hamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan car- ried out a shuttle diplomacy that culminated in ending the conflict and promoting the interests of the Ethiopian and Eritrean peo- ples, frustrating the conspiracies of countries of sedition that seek to destabilise Arab and Gulf secu- rity and stability

been as sudden as some believe. bin Zayed Al Nahyan held formal t
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Western reports confirm that the UAE talks with the Ethiopian Prime Minis- Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan have worked hard to bring together views, ter, Abiy Ahmed, in Addis Ababa on succeeded in building a new relation- propose alternatives and solutions and enhancing relations of friendship, co- ship between the UAE and the Horn encourage the two parties to the most operation and strategic partnership of Africa countries based on building complex conflict of the Horn of Africa between the two countries, as well as strong economic and trade relations. to end this dispute about a year ago. regional and international issues of t
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President Esayas Afewerki. He ex- UAE, Saudi Arabia and Egypt will help important service to Ethiopia, which pressed his hope that the visit would reduce hostile activities in the Horn needs to revitalise its economy and at- contribute to strengthening the coop- of Africa countries by Iran, Turkey and tract investments to sea ports. eration relations between the UAE and Qatar. Eritera accused Qatar of funding t
On June 15, HH Sheikh Mohamed Eritrea during the coming period. joint forces between Sudan and Ethio- 60 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Issue File

pia to target its national security, fluence and network of strategic in- Egypt and Ethiopia on the Renais- t

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terests in Africa, which is expected to sance Dam project, which will reflect Dhabi on July 24, which included His reflect positively on the UAE's regional well on the atmosphere of regional Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Za- and international role. Moreover, its stability. This will anatagonise parties yed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu successful role of peacemaker and such as Qatar, Turkey and Israel that Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Com- mediator in one of the most complex are trying to negatively affect the pil- mander of the UAE Armed Forces, African conflicts between Ethiopia lars of regional security and stability. Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki and and Eritrea will add more depth and The Emirati moves are aimed at for- Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, effectiveness to its status. tifying Arab national and Gulf secu- succeeded in consolidating the The UAE’s role as an effective peace- rity against all threats to stability. This emerging rapprochement between maker is in the interest of the Arab and mediation proved the wisdom of His Ethiopia and Eritrea and putting an Gulf national security. The rapproche- Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed end to the dispute between the two ment between Ethiopia and Eritrea Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi countries. serves countries like Saudi Arabia to and Deputy Supreme Commander of $PODMVTJPO secure and stabilise the other side of the UAE Armed Forces. He has inherit- The dynamic and active diplomacy of its maritime borders, provide trade ex- ed this wisdom from his father and the the UAE in recent years has opened changes with African countries, as well founding father of the UAE, the late up great potential for expanding in- as to calm the differences between Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, may God rest his soul in peace, which has manifested his image as a model of the wise statesman who is capable of bridging the rift in a complex dis- pute that has extended for more than two decades. During this period the parties of the dispute fought a vicious war that claimed the lives of about 100 ac- cording to some statistical estimates. Added to this are the economic losses caused by that war. Therefore, this dispute needed a prudent role of a party that enjoys both the confidence and friendship of both parties for this mediator to succeed in bringing the gap between the two parties with his good intentions and sincere desire to end this dispute in the interest of both countries and peoples. On May 19, the Ethiopian Prime Min- ister paid an official visit to the UAE. In mid-June, HH Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan visited Addis Ababa, where he held fruitful talks with the Prime Minister of Ethiopia. On July 3, The Abu Dhabi Crown Prince received Eritrean President Esayas Afewerki in a series of talks and visits that attracted the attention of the regional and in- 61

ternational political community. Al- This positive step - or the new winds The successful UAE mediation is a though the media of the parties to the of hope blowing in Africa, as the Sec- powerful blow to the scheme of re- strife has questioned the role of the retary-General of the United Nations gional conspirators, such as Qatar and UAE and its relations, the visit of the called it - is a very important positive others, as conflicts in the Horn of Africa Ethiopian and Eritrean leaders to Abu development amid a flood of move- have been exploited to play malicious Dhabi has refuted all these lies. Ethio- ments and conspiracies of terrorist fi- roles to damage several Arab and Gulf pia's Foreign Minister, Warkina Jbayo, nancing countries and regional expan- countries. The reconciliation has un- said that the two countries' efforts sionist forces that deepen and spread dermined Qatar’s plans to exploit this were the result of the efforts exerted differences among the countries of the conflict, disseminate sedition, and by His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin region. Reconciliation will be positively benefit from the conflicts of other Zayed Al Nahyan as a friend of Eritrea reflected on the two Ethiopian and Er- countries, even at the expense of the and Ethiopia. itrean peoples. security and stability of nations. 62 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Research "
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Winning the wars of the future will depend on the adaptability of leaders, the skill set of soldiers and the use of advanced technology. The U.S. Army Robotic and Autonomous Systems (RAS) strategy promises to commit time, talent and resources in the integration of new technologies to ensure victory over increasingly capable enemies.

RAS technologies can accelerate bat- term to assist forces in defeating en- *ODSFBTJOH
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 mounted forces to build increased ers to new ideas and encouraging Funded within current budgets, the autonomy and endurance for small bottom-up learning from soldiers or US Army (USAF) will continue to de- UAS making contact with threats on units in experimentation and warf- velop concepts and programmes to their own terms. Mounted forces will ighting assessment. This article will increase situational awareness, lighten benefit from tethered and untethered demonstrate how RAS will come into soldier load and improve sustainment. systems which can transmit live video play in the short, medium and long They will enhance battlefield freedom streams to leaders and support local and augment force protection by security operations. steadily integrating autonomous sys- 3FEVDF
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tems into combined arms manoeuvres. RAS platforms of varying size will serve as a power source, carrying equip- ment, weapons, ammunition, water, 63

food and supplies to shift the physi- sion-support tools will increase threat tion and lethality for manned and un- cal burdens away from dismounted mitigation by managing vehicle manned combined-arms manoeuvre. soldiers. The U.S. Army continues to speed, interval, obstacle avoidance 3"4
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MPBE The RAS semi-autonomous leader-follower autonomy of small robots to clear strategy will enable the Mission Com- technology to rest drivers for critical obstacles faster. mand Network to extend connectivity human-only tasks. Other RAS technology protects forces in dangerous situations and improve &OTVSJOH
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GSFFEPNPG by increasing situational awareness the tactical mobility of command NBOPFVWSF The U.S. Army will in- through systems like soldier-borne posts, as well as employing enhanced vest in capabilities for route clear- sensors. knowledge management through ance, breaching and Counter-IED .JE5FSN
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 changes to the Mission Command which, in the short-term, will im- The USAF will continue to research au- System. prove off-road ground vehicle au- tonomy, machine learning, AI, power )JHIUFNQP
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DPNNV tonomy as the greatest technologi- management and common control to OJDBUJPO Investment in automated cal challenge for unmanned com- achieve more capable UGS and UAS. ground convoys will improve resup- bat-vehicle employment. In the mid-term, however, the primary ply across wide areas via self-guided Cognitive aids will “optimally pilot” focus is an improvement in situational resupply parachutes, while seeking the Army’s Future Vertical Lift, with awareness, soldier load reduction, to make UAS resupply feasible in the similar investments in airframe and sustainment and manoeuvre. midterm. propulsion ensuring that the UAS Through human-machine collaboration Vehicle sensors, computers and deci- possesses sufficient reach, protec- and advanced RAS, new programmes 64 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Research

will pursue load-reducing exoskeleton coverage, persistence and duration of of the individual soldier. concepts, while unmanned combat ve- intelligence, surveillance and recon- Improving fully-automated sustain- hicles will deliver advanced capabilities naissance missions at every echelon. ment: Although short-term automat- to manoeuvre units. By using artificial intelligence to share ed resupply only follows manned lead Finally, improvements in automated information, networked robots can vehicles, in the mid-term, vehicles will convoy operations will seek full au- cover larger areas using small en- move autonomously amongst security tonomy by removing soldiers from the hanced-autonomy UGS which serve elements because advanced robotic lead vehicle under the Leader-Follow- as static and mobile battlefield sen- systems will heighten automated sus- er programme. sors capable of providing navigation tainment to new vehicle fleets. Enhanced RAS situational aware- assistance in degraded environments. The army’s programmes for medium ness: Advanced RAS situational aware- Load-lightening exoskeleton capa- and large cargo UAS will reduce reli- ness tools will improve the lethal- bilities: The U.S. army is looking to ance upon manned rotary wing sup- ity of air-ground teams configured increase autonomy in medium-sized port and improve throughput capa- with manned and unmanned combat and larger UGS in order to move the bilities while, in regard to casualty systems. RAS will free soldiers from workload continually from soldiers evacuation, autonomous systems will the cognitive and physical burdens of onto RAS platforms, therefore increas- shorten the transition time from initial surveillance-and-reconnaissance mis- ing resupply and the movement of injury to casualty collection points or sions, while the increasing occurrence squad enablers between dismounted treatment facilities. of manned/unmanned formations will units. Unmanned advanced-payload ma- further impact upon information flows, The army will introduce exoskeleton noeuvres: The USAF’s new unmanned requiring new knowledge management technologies to lighten soldier load, combat vehicles can manoeuvre tactics, techniques and procedures. enabling increased soldier protection across variable and rough terrain un- Building upon existing capabilities for during close combat and allowing sol- der combat conditions. Moreover, situational awareness with swarming diers to carry more innovative and ca- they now have RAS-enabled combat capabilities the USAF will increase the pable firepower solutions at the level platforms offering optionally-manned

A soldier prepares to launch the AeroVi- ronment Raven in Iraq 65

or semiautonomous technology. The army intends to field prototypes for testing while autonomous off- road technology fully matures. In the meantime, it will modernise its UAS fleet with scalable control interfaces and a runway-independent, expedi- tionary tactical UAS. -POH5FSN
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When fully integrated into the force, autonomous systems allow soldiers

The army’s programmes for ARES can use landing zones half the size typically needed medium and large UGS and UAS developed ational awareness, the U.S. Army cargo UAS will through short- and mid- will deliver swarms of small robots reduce reliance term commercial science to an area of operations in advance and technology invest- of close-combat manoeuvre forces. upon manned ments. In the long-term, Swarm robots will be fully powered, rapidly deployable RAS will self-unpacking and ready for imme- rotary wing enable commanders to re- diate service, with delivery options tain the initiative during high- ranging from a simple shipping con- support tempo, decentralised operations tainer to a special-purpose platform because connected mission com- from which smaller craft or robotic mand systems can now allow for on- systems are launched or maintained. the-move mission command and rap- Both autonomous systems and swarm and leaders to focus on mission ex- id transition to offensive operations robots enable a manoeuvrable net- ecution rather than manipulation after initial entry. work, greatly improving the tactical and direct task control of robots. With 4XBSNJOH
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mobility and signature management studies and lessons learned from With the objective of increasing situ- of command posts. near- and mid-term initiatives inform- Although the existence of manned/ ing new organisational designs of ful- unmanned formations still requires ly incorporated autonomous systems, Brigadier General Mark W. Odom, new knowledge management and the U.S. Army will hence use these Director, Concept Development and adjustments to the Mission Command technologies to maintain situational Learning Directorate, U.S. ARCIC will Network, the automation of entire lo- advantage from home station to ini- be examining closely the Army Robotic gistics efforts will allow soldiers to tial entry, enabling rapid transition to and Autonomous Systems Strategy focus on combat activities and direct other operational phases. to explore how robotics may increase missions where only human decisions Although long-term visionary ob- force protection at the ‘Disruptive and actions are required. jectives have limited research and Technology for Defence Transfor- "VUPOPNPVT
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EFMJWFSZ When development funding, the USAF will mation Conference 2018’ from 24- the focus on the ground is on fully- replace its antiquated autonomous 25th September in London, UK. automated tactical-wheeled vehicles, systems and field new autonomous autonomous aerial systems can pro- 66 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Research

RQ-4A on display at the A Gladiator Tactical Unmanned Ground Vehicle Museum of Aviation vide increased resupply capabilities to move containerised and packaged loads between distribution nodes and forward areas. The result will be reduced reliance on manned rotary wing support. 'BDJMJUBUJOH
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NBOPFVWSFT Unmanned combat vehicles will soon have the capability to move and ma- noeuvre autonomously, extending the effects of the manned-unmanned team in both air and ground through investments in scalable sensors, teaming, and AI and soldier-robot communication. In the future, combat formations will MK 18 MOD 2 Kingfish Underwater Unmanned Vehicle benefit from armed ground and air- craft robotic platforms, but this time with smaller signatures and longer Defense Chuck Hagel’s response was investment has focused on Artificial endurance once they are able to work the implementation of a Third Offset Intelligence (AI) and development au- alone or in pairs to destroy high-value Strategy focused on Robotics, Artificial tonomy, with AI as the sine qua non targets deep in enemy territory. Intelligence and Autonomous Deep- enabling unmanned platforms to op- $PODMVTJPO
Learning Machines (RAS). erate autonomously. Recently, and after more than 15 years The Army has sought to address three For the Army, autonomous mobility is of conflict, America’s adversaries had challenges in future-operating en- the most challenging for ground com- again achieved military parity by in- vironments: greater speed of action bat vehicles, but advancements in AI vesting in advanced technologies on the battlefield; heightened use of and off-road mobility will enhance op- once monopolised by the U.S. Army RAS by adversaries; and increasingly erations by steadily integrating auton- to degrade competitive advantage complex and congested environ- omous systems into combined–arms on the battlefield. Former Secretary of ments. Primary short-term technology manoeuvres. To expedite the fielding 67

Saab Sea Wasp, relocates, identifies and neutralises underwater improvised explosive devices

become less costly, giving command- ers greater options and more reliable freedom of manoeuvre. RAS platforms thus promise to provide commanders with the ability to conduct the most dangerous manoeuvres, with ma- chines taking the place of humans and able to make contact with likely threats without costing commanders valuable soldiers. To prevail in a complex world, the Boeing Insitu ScanEagle U.S. Army will use RAS to provide the UAV on its catapult launcher Joint Force with multiple options for operation across multiple domains, of robotic systems, the committee that the RAS Strategy remains focused presenting adversaries with mul- responsible for budgeting and pro- on the primary objective of maintain- tiple dilemmas in battlefield com- gramming, known as the Army G-8, ing overmatch and pursuing new bat. In providing clarity and vision of has recommended the enhanced use technologies to protect soldiers. As how the U.S. Army intends to exploit of directed requirements as a bridge land forces work to gain positions of breakthroughs in RAS technology and to ensure that rapidly changing tech- relative advantage, RAS will provide a innovation, the RAS Strategy will help nologies reach ground troops swiftly. vital component in achieving domain determine how the army fights in the Autonomous system integration superiority. future. means that the Army has significantly With less human exposure to hazards, Reference Text/Photo: increased resources for expedited the risks inherent to deception op- www.arcic.army.mil, fielding, doubling RAS programme erations, penetration behind enemy www.army.mil expenditures for 2018-2023 to ensure defences and pursuit operations will www.disruptivetechdefence.iqpc.co.uk 68 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Technology

Sentinel R1 Next-Gen ISR Support

The Sentinel R.Mk1 provides long-range, wide-area battlefield surveillance giving British and coalition forces the ability to track armoured formations, conduct strate- gic reconnaissance and deliver critical intelligence tasks.

Based on the Global Express business AgustaWestland provides the doors ment identified a need for a wide-area jet, the Sentinel has been operationally and Rolls-Royce, the engines. battlefield reconnaissance system to deployed in support of operations in ISR Multi-Mode Capability fit the Corps Airborne Stand-Off Radar Afghanistan, Libya and Mali, and cur- The Sentinel uses a powerful multi- (CASTOR) programme requirement, rently in Iraq and Syria. It has proven mode radar mission crew to identify so eliciting responses from Thorn-EMI flexible to adapt to humanitarian cri- track and image numerous targets and Ferranti. The former’s radar was ses, such as mapping and scaling Eng- over great ranges. The information tested in an English Electric Canberra land’s flood crisis in early 2014. is then passed in near real-time to a from 1982, while a Britten-Norman Is- Bombardier and Raytheon UK origi- team of Intelligence, Surveillance, Re- lander modified to take the latter, first nally intended the Sentinel R1 aircraft connaissance (ISR) imagery analysts flew in 1984. for conventional war-fighting opera- conducting forensic data analysis to By 1988 the programme had become tions. While the UK’s Raytheon Systems generate intelligence products for ASTOR and, with a Thorn-EMI radar in- is the prime contractor, Bombardier time-critical dissemination, enabling stalled, the Islander flew low-altitude Aerospace is responsible for the Global commanders and decision-makers to trials examining its compatibility with Express Jet and L-3 Communications execute current operations and plan the USAF’s prototype E-8 J-STARS for the Ground Station. Lucas Aero- future strategies. (Joint-Surveillance Target Acquisition space manages the electrical systems, Historical R1 Development Radar System). This work was part of Messier Dowty, the landing gear, while During the early 1980s, the UK govern- a definition phase which, it was hoped, 69

then took part in formal flight testing distances, the radar platform can re- and the first two Sentinel R1 aircraft main over safe territory while provid- were delivered to the UK Royal Air ing an excellent “look-down” target Force in June and November 2007, area angle. The five-aircraft special with the fifth and last aircraft received mission fleet thus houses an innova- by the RAF in February 2009. tive airborne mission management With the main ASTOR operating cen- system providing troops with continu- tre based at RAF Waddington in the ous 24-hour all weather, air-to-ground UK, the Sentinel immediately proved surveillance wide area capabilities and its worth over Afghanistan and during serving as a recognised force multi- Operation Ellamy in 2011, becoming plier to provide commanders with the a vital target identification and pros- most effective utilisation of their avail- ecution link, especially for fleeting or able assets. ‘pop-up’ targets. Although the 2010 Stand-Off Radar System Strategic Defence and Security Review The radar is an upgrade of the Ray- nominated Sentinel for withdrawal as theon ASARS-2 side looking airborne soon as the Operation Herrick com- radar used on the U-2 aircraft, operat- mitment ended, such was the system’s ing at high altitude and all-weather to value to British and allied command- provide high-resolution images. With ers that it was given a reprieve and has antenna systems supplied by BAE Sys- continued to prove its worth in Opera- tems Edinburgh, the ASARS-2 can re- tion Shader with its out-of-service date portedly provide battlefield images at moved back to 2021. ranges of 160 km and altitudes up to Unparalleled Situational Awareness 47,000ft. The Sentinel R Mk 1 fleet is a key Com- The ASARS-2 derivative’s active mand, Control, Communications, scanned array includes a synthetic Computers, Information/Intelligence, aperture radar (SAR) which provides Surveillance, Targeting Acquisition photographic quality images of the and Reconnaissance (C4ISTAR) asset area being surveyed and a moving for the UK’s armed forces, using an on- target indicator (MTI radar) which would enable a contract award in 1994. board Airborne Stand-Off Radar (AS- tracks moving vehicles over wide It was not until 1999 that Raytheon TOR) reconnaissance system to deliver ranges. The SAR thus operates in Systems Ltd was awarded an $860m accurate target information while ac- spot mode to identify and track spe- contract for development of the UK celerating decision-making. cific targets, with the option of being Ministry of Defence’s ASTOR using Operated by the Royal Air Force’s No5 switched to swath mode to provide a Bombardier’s Global Express business Army Cooperation Sqn, the ASTOR large number of strips of pictures, then jet as the airborne platform and Ray- system incorporates the Sentinel and joined to form a detailed image of the theon’s ASARS-2 radar mission system. ground components with the aircraft’s battlefield. Developed for the USAF’s U-2, the AS- powerful active electronically-scanned SAR/MTI Radar Operation TOR became known as Sentinel R1 in array (AESA) ‘dual mode’ surveillance The SAR/MTI radar acts to identify the RAF service, with the first production radar, combining the best in ground- location of hostile forces and their aircraft delivered to Raytheon in Feb- moving target indicator (GMTI) with quantity, direction and speed, while ruary 2002 for ASTOR integration. synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery additional imagery can be provided by While the first ground station vehicle for unparalleled situational awareness. optional optical equipment. Transmit- was delivered in October 2002, the Imagery is passed by secure data link ted in real time via secure data links to first ASTOR Sentinel aircraft made its to ground stations at every command- ground-based processing stations, the maiden flight in May 2004, the second and-control level and, by operating at radar signal processors develop the in July 2005. Three Sentinel aircraft high altitude and long range stand-off data into visual images. 70 ISSUE 560 SEP 2018 Technology

Sentinel R1 is equipped with integrated electronic warfare Gearing up for a mission suite from BAE Systems Imagery can be displayed and ex- Defensive Aids Group (DAG) integrat- ploited by the airborne mission crew ed electronic warfare suite from BAE or transmitted to image exploitation Systems’ Information & Electronic War- equipment on the ground. Transmis- fare Systems (IEWS). DAG is based on sion to other areas is made possible via the defensive aids subsystem (DASS) secure data links, satellite communica- developed by BAE for the UK’s Re- tions and ground networks. placement Maritime Patrol Aircraft, .PEJöFE
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Technical Specification Ultra Electronics and Cubic Defence Systems now provide the narrowband t

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 GU Indian Air Force's surveillance pro- grammes, officials noted last year that the Raytheon programme should take priority. and 14935m respectively. While the control networks. The Ministry of Defence has also cre- aircraft weighs around 24,000kg and The tactical and operational level ated a joint committee with officials the gross weight is 42,400kg, its mis- ground stations have been devel- and scientists drawn from the De- sion endurance is 14 hours. oped by L-3 Communications Inte- fence Research and Development Ground Station Specifications grated Systems, Raytheon Systems Organisation and Air Force. Their ob- High-speed data links transfer data and Marshall Specialist Vehicles. They jective is to facilitate the acquisition from the Sentinel R1 to ground sta- are installed in 10ft shelters mounted programme and select mission equip- tions in near real time. The system has on 6×6 improved medium mobility ment and software. directional and broadcast data links Steyr Pinzgauer 718K trucks with 20ft Reference Text/Photo: which are interoperable with existing transportable shelters provided for www.raytheon.com U-2Rs, JSTARS and command-and- operational level ground stations. www.raf.mod.uk