Hauraki-Waikato

Published by the Parliamentary Library July 2009 Table of Contents

Hauraki-Waikato: Electoral Profile...... 3 2008 Election Results (Electorate) ...... 4 2008 Election Results - Party Vote ...... 4 2005 Election Results (Electorate) ...... 5 2005 Election Results - Party Vote ...... 5 Voter Enrolment and Turnout 2005, 2008 ...... 6 Hauraki-Waikato: People ...... 7 Population Summary...... 7 Age Groups of the Māori Descent Population ...... 7 Ethnic Groups of the Māori Descent Population...... 7 Languages Spoken by the Māori Descent Population ...... 8 Highest Qualifications of the Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over ...... 8 Ethnic Group of School Pupils...... 8 Iwi Affiliations ...... 9 Religious Affiliations of the Māori Descent Population...... 10 Hauraki-Waikato: Households ...... 11 Family Type of Māori Families in Private Dwellings...... 11 Family Income of Families with at least one Māori Descent member ...... 11 Social Marital Status of Māori Descent People aged 15 years and over ...... 11 Household Composition of Māori Households in Private Dwellings...... 11 Access to Telecommunications for Māori Households ...... 12 Tenure of Dwelling for Māori Households...... 12 Māori Ethnic Group School Pupils by Socio-Economic Status Decile of School, July 2007...... 13 Index of Deprivation for Areas within the Electorate...... 13 Index of Deprivation Map ...... 14 Index of Deprivation Map (Inserts) ...... 15 Hauraki-Waikato: Work ...... 16 Personal Income of the Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over...... 16 Income Support Received by the Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over (total responses)...... 16 Labour Force and Employment Status of the Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over...... 17 Occupations of the Gainfully Employed Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over ...... 17 Industries of the Gainfully Employed Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over ...... 18 Glossary...... 19 Copyright - NZ Parliamentary Library ...... 20

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 2 Hauraki-Waikato: Electoral Profile

General Notes

The Hauraki-Waikato electorate replaces the Māori electorate of Tainui and includes population from Tāmaki Makaurau, while Ngati Maniapoto (formerly Tainui) are transferred to Te Tai Hauāuru. The northern boundary is defined by the southern shore of the Manukau Harbour in the west, and Waiheke Island and the Coromandel Peninsula in the east as far south as Waihi Beach. The southern boundary is now defined by Kawhia in the west to Matamata in the east. The electorate includes Hamilton, Matamata, and Cambridge.

In 2006 the median age of the Māori descent population in Hauraki-Waikato was 22. Of the Māori descent population aged 15 years and over 7.7% were unemployed in 2006, more than double the figure for the population overall (3.4%). The single biggest occupation of those employed in 2006 was labourers (17.8%), followed by professionals (12.6%), and technicians and trades workers (12.4%).

Election Results

The winning candidate in the 2008 election, Nanaia Mahuta (Labour Party), captured a majority (52.49%) of the 17,810 valid electorate votes cast for candidates in the Hauraki-Waikato electorate. Due to boundary changes made to this electorate in 2007, the 2008 election results for Hauraki-Waikato are not strictly comparable to those of previous elections (which refer to the former Tainui electorate). The Labour Party captured a majority (52.55%) of the party votes in 2008.Turnout (total votes cast as a proportion of enrolled electors) in 2008 was 60.89%.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 3 2008 Election Results (Electorate) Candidate Valid Votes Share (%) MAHUTA, Nanaia (LAB) 9,349 52.49 GREENSILL, Angeline Ngahina (MAOR) 8,461 47.51 Total Valid Votes 17,810 100.00 Total Votes Cast 18,507 103.91 Winning Candidate: MAHUTA, Nanaia Cybele - majority 888

For interpretation of abbreviations, see Glossary.

2008 Election Results - Party Vote Party Valid Votes Share (%) Labour Party 9,819 52.55 Mäori Party 5,172 27.68 National Party 1,347 7.21 Party 1,022 5.47 603 3.23 Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party 236 1.26 Family Party 138 0.74 ACT New Zealand 113 0.60 The Bill and Ben Party 98 0.52 Jim Anderton's Progressive 41 0.22 Kiwi Party 33 0.18 33 0.18 7 0.04 Workers Party 6 0.03 New Zealand Pacific Party 5 0.03 The Republic of 4 0.02 RAM - Residents Action Movement 3 0.02 Alliance 2 0.01 Democrats for Social Credit 2 0.01 Total Valid Votes 18,684 100.00 Total Votes Cast 19,042 101.92

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 4 2005 Election Results (Electorate) Candidate Valid Votes Share (%) MAHUTA, Nanaia (LAB) 9,469 52.68 GREENSILL, Angeline (MP) 7,609 42.33 SOLOMON, Hayden (DEST) 589 3.28 POPE, Andrew (IND) 308 1.71 Total Valid Votes 17,975 100.00 Total Votes Cast 18,612 103.54 Winning Candidate: MAHUTA, Nanaia (LAB) - Majority: 1860

For interpretation of abbreviations, see Glossary.

2005 Election Results - Party Vote Party Valid Votes Share (%) Labour Party 10,421 55.68 Māori Party 5,184 27.70 New Zealand First Party 1,161 6.20 National Party 774 4.14 Green Party 518 2.77 294 1.57 Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party 144 0.77 United Future New Zealand 73 0.39 Jim Andertons Progressive 53 0.28 ACT New Zealand 49 0.26 Christian Heritage NZ 11 0.06 NZ Family Rights Protection Party 9 0.05 Alliance 6 0.03 99 MP Party 5 0.03 Democrats for Social Credit 5 0.03 The Republic of NZ Party 4 0.02 Direct Democracy Party 2 0.01 OneNZ Party 2 0.01 Libertarianz 1 0.01 Total Valid Votes 18,716 100.00 Total Votes Cast 19,059 101.83

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 5 Voter Enrolment and Turnout 2005, 2008 Hauraki- Total Māori Hauraki- Total Māori

Waikato electorates Waikato electorates 2005 2008 Voting Age Population (VAP) * 56,200 417,800 58,100 437,400 Electors on General Roll who declared 21,116 170,104 21,987 174,842 Māori descent ** Electors on Māori Roll (EMR) 29,669 208,003 31,948 229,666 Total Enrolled** 50,785 378,107 53,935 404,508 Total Votes Cast by EMR (TVC) 19,503 139,510 19,454 143,334 % VAP Enrolled 90 91 93 92 Turnout (TVC as % EMR) 66 67 61 62 * Estimated Māori Descent population as at: June 2005; June 2008. Based on projected Māori Ethnic Group populations for regions and territorial authorities;

** Electoral Enrolment Centre data as at: October 2005; November 2008.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 6 Hauraki-Waikato: People

Population Summary Numbers and

Percent Change Usually Resident Māori Descent Population 2006 Census 85,998 Usually Resident Māori Descent Population 2001 Census 77,841 Increase 2001-06 8,157 Percent Increase 2001-06 11 Percent Increase 2001-06, New Zealand 8

Age Groups of the Māori Descent Population Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Age 0-4 Years 10,356 12.0 1 6.8 Age 5-14 Years 20,088 23.4 5 14.7 Age 15-19 Years 8,952 10.4 3 7.5 Age 20-29 Years 12,561 14.6 3 12.7 Age 30-49 Years 22,212 25.8 6 29.4 Age 50-64 Years 8,484 9.9 5 16.5 Age 65 Years and Over 3,342 3.9 5 12.3 Total 85,998 100.0 100.0 Median Age (Years) 22 4 Total 18 Years and Over 49,812 57.9 73.8 Total Males 41,463 48.2 48.8 Total Females 44,535 51.8 51.2 The median age for New Zealand as a whole is 35 years.

Ethnic Groups of the Māori Descent Population Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % European 39,630 46.3 5 67.6 Māori 70,032 81.8 4 14.6 Pacific Peoples 5,049 5.9 4 6.9 Asian 1,047 1.2 3 9.2 Middle Eastern/Latin American/African 120 0.1 6 0.9 Other (incl New Zealander) 5,142 6.0 4 11.2 Total Specified 85,584 100.0 100.0 Not Elsewhere Indicated 414 0.5 4.3 People reporting themselves in more than one category have been counted in each, so the sum of responses in the table may be greater than the number of people responding.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 7 Languages Spoken by the Māori Descent Population Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % English 82,197 95.6 6 91.2 Māori 17,538 20.4 3 3.9 NZ Sign 837 1.0 3 0.6 Samoan 351 0.4 7 2.1 Other 1,332 1.5 4 12.6 None 2,529 2.9 2 1.9 Total People 85,998 100.0 100.0 People reporting themselves in more than one category have been counted in each, so the sum of responses in the table may be greater than the number of people responding.

Highest Qualifications of the Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % No Qualification 19,872 35.8 3 22.4 Level 1 Certificate Gained at School 8,604 15.5 6 12.2 Level 2 Certificate Gained at School 5,040 9.1 4 8.3 Level 3 or 4 Certificate Gained at 2,892 5.2 3 5.4 School Overseas Secondary School 216 0.4 4 5.5 Qualification Level 1, 2 or 3 Certificate Gained Post- 3,150 5.7 3 4.1 school Level 4 Certificate Gained Post-school 4,518 8.1 4 9.1 Level 5 Diploma 1,374 2.5 7 3.5 Level 6 Diploma 1,512 2.7 7 5.0 Bachelor Degree and Level 7 3,060 5.5 3 10.0 Qualifications Post-Graduate and Honours Degree 390 0.7 3 1.8 Masters Degree 375 0.7 3 1.9 Doctorate Degree 51 0.1 3 0.5 Not Specified 4,509 8.1 10.4 Total 55,551 100.0 100.0

Ethnic Group of School Pupils Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % European 49,193 59.3 3 57.4 Māori 22,592 27.3 4 21.6 Pacific Peoples 3,733 4.5 5 9.3 Asian 4,701 5.7 3 8.3 Other 1,791 2.2 3 2.1 Overseas 887 1.1 4 1.4 Total Roll 82,897 100.0 100.0 Prepared from Ministry of Education data.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 8 Iwi Affiliations Iwi Number Ngāpuhi 16,053 Waikato 13,377 Ngāti Maniapoto 8,286 Ngāti Porou 7,131 Tainui 4,872 Ngāti Tūwharetoa 3,762 Tūhoe 2,868 Ngāi Tahu / Kāi Tahu 2,787 Te Arawa 2,529 Ngāti Haua (Waikato) 2,166 Ngāti Raukawa (Waikato) 1,914 Hapū Affiliated to More Than One Iwi 1,629 Ngaiterangi 1,575 Ngāti Kahungunu ki Te Wairoa 1,530 Ngāti Kahungunu region unspecified 1,503 Ngāti Whātua 1,446 Ngāti Awa 1,413 Te Rarawa 1,359 Ngāti Raukawa region unspecified 1,233 Ngāti Paoa 1,152 Ngāti Tamaterā 1,089 Te Atiawa (Taranaki) 1,083 Te Whānau-a-Apanui 1,071 Ngāti Maru (Marutuahu) 1,068 Whakatōhea 1,065 Te Aupōuri 978 Ngāti Raukawa (Horowhenua/Manawatū) 894 Ngāti Ranginui 828 Ngāti Pikiao (Te Arawa) 801 Ngāti Kahu 771 These are the top 30 Iwi for the Hauraki-Waikato electorate. People reporting themselves in more than one iwi have been counted in each, so the sum of responses in the table may be greater than the number of people.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 9 Religious Affiliations of the Māori Descent Population Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Buddhist 258 0.3 3 1.4 Christian 36,477 44.4 6 54.2 - Anglican 9,132 11.1 7 14.8 - Baptist 642 0.8 3 1.5 - Brethren 414 0.5 1 0.5 - Catholic 7,902 9.6 7 13.6 - Christian (not further defined) 3,585 4.4 7 5.0 - Congregational/Reformed 33 0.0 4 0.4 - Jehovahs Witnesses 690 0.8 6 0.5 - Latter Day Saints 5,364 6.5 1 1.2 - Methodist 4,059 4.9 1 3.3 - Pentecostal 1,587 1.9 6 2.1 - Presbyterian 3,150 3.8 6 10.3 - Salvation Army 87 0.1 7 0.3 - Seventh Day Adventist 258 0.3 3 0.4 Hindu 96 0.1 6 1.7 Islam/Muslim 126 0.2 6 1.0 Judaism/Jewish 51 0.1 4 0.2 Māori Christian 5,625 6.8 6 1.8 - Ratana 4,611 5.6 6 1.4 - Ringatū 1,080 1.3 4 0.4 Spiritualism and New Age Religions 483 0.6 3 0.5 Other Religions 843 1.0 1 0.7 Residual Categories 11,586 14.1 1 14.3 No Religion 33,642 40.9 2 34.6 Total Specified 82,215 100.0 100.0 People reporting themselves in more than one category have been counted in each, so the sum of responses in the table may be greater than the number of people responding.

* Rank 1 (high) to 7 (low) among Māori electorates. Ranks are of % in each group. Some totals may differ due to rounding.

All tables prepared from Statistics New Zealand 2006 Census data, unless otherwise noted.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 10 Hauraki-Waikato: Households

Family Type of Māori Families in Private Dwellings Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Couple Only 7,632 25.5 5 39.9 Two Parent Family 13,035 43.6 2 42.0 One Parent Family 9,255 30.9 5 18.1 Total 29,925 100.0 100.0 A Māori family is defined as a family with at least one Māori Descent member.

Family Income of Families with at least one Māori Descent member

Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Nil or Loss 174 0.6 2 0.7 $1-$5,000 372 1.2 4 1.0 $5,001-$10,000 531 1.8 4 1.0 $10,001-$15,000 1,047 3.5 4 1.8 $15,001-$20,000 1,530 5.1 4 3.7 $20,001-$25,000 2,067 6.9 6 7.7 $25,001-$30,000 1,227 4.1 5 3.3 $30,001-$35,000 1,368 4.6 5 4.5 $35,001-$40,000 1,356 4.5 6 4.4 $40,001-$50,000 2,244 7.5 6 7.8 $50,001-$70,000 4,680 15.6 3 15.9 $70,001-$100,000 4,455 14.9 3 15.8 $100,001+ 3,777 12.6 4 18.5 Not Specified 5,094 17.0 13.9 Total 29,925 100.0 100.0 Median ($) 52,100 2 The median family income for New Zealand as a whole is $59,000.

Social Marital Status of Māori Descent People aged 15 years and over Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Married 16,080 28.9 3 43.7 Other Partnership 11,412 20.5 5 13.5 Total Partnership 27,492 49.5 4 57.3 Non-Partnered 25,647 46.2 5 36.2 Not Stated 2,418 4.4 6.6 Total 55,554 100.0 100.0

Household Composition of Māori Households in Private Dwellings Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % One Family 26,475 77.2 3 67.8 Two Families 2,070 6.0 2 2.5 Three or More Families 159 0.5 2 0.2 Non-Family Household 2,244 6.5 3 5.0 One Person Household 3,330 9.7 7 22.6

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 11 Total Households 34,281 100.0 100.0 A Māori household is defined as a household with at least one Māori Descent member.

Access to Telecommunications for Māori Households Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % No Access 1,620 4.7 4 2.0 Cellphone 26,517 77.4 2 71.1 Telephone 26,211 76.5 6 87.8 Fax 6,954 20.3 2 24.9 Internet 16,800 49.0 4 58.0 Total Households 34,281 100.0 100.0 Households reporting more than one means of access to telecommunications have been counted in each stated category. Thus the sum of responses in the table will be greater than the number of households.

Tenure of Dwelling for Māori Households Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Owned 16,011 46.7 6 62.7 - mortgage 11,016 32.1 5 32.9 - no mortgage 4,356 12.7 6 27.1 - mortgage not specified 639 1.9 5 2.7 Not owned 16,908 49.3 2 31.1 - paying rent 15,372 44.8 2 26.7 - no rent 1,380 4.0 5 3.9 - rent not specified 156 0.5 5 0.4 Tenure not specified 1,368 4.0 6.2 Total households 34,284 100.0 100.0 A Māori household is defined as a household with at least one Māori Descent member.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 12 Māori Ethnic Group School Pupils by Socio-Economic Status Decile of School, July 2007 Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number of Māori Decile of School % % of Māori Pupils % of Total Pupils Pupils One 4,295 19.0 16.8 7.4 Two 2,889 12.8 16.1 7.5 Three 2,738 12.1 13.7 7.9 Four 3,004 13.3 12.5 9.6 Five 2,601 11.5 11.1 10.1 Six 2,330 10.3 7.7 9.5 Seven 2,234 9.9 6.9 10.7 Eight 1,203 5.3 5.2 9.3 Nine 696 3.1 4.7 10.4 Ten 493 2.2 3.9 14.6 Not allocated 109 0.5 1.3 3.0 Total 22,592 100.0 100.0 100.0 Decile Ten is the highest socio-economic status.

Prepared from Ministry of Education data.

* Rank 1 (high) to 7 (low) among Māori electorates. Ranks are of % in each group. Some totals may differ due to rounding.

All tables prepared from Statistics New Zealand 2006 Census data, unless otherwise noted.

Index of Deprivation for Areas within the Electorate

The Index of Deprivation Maps show the socioeconomic deprivation in different areas of the Hauraki-Waikato electorate. The higher the Index of Deprivation (1 - 10), the more deprived an area is considered (see Glossary). Maps use data from the usually resident population, not just the Māori descent population.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 13 Index of Deprivation Map

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 14 Index of Deprivation Map (Inserts)

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 15 Hauraki-Waikato: Work

Personal Income of the Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Nil or Loss 3,456 6.2 3 5.1 $1-$5,000 4,500 8.1 4 7.0 $5,001-$10,000 4,686 8.4 4 7.2 $10,001-$15,000 6,054 10.9 5 11.3 $15,001-$20,000 4,716 8.5 6 8.2 $20,001-$25,000 4,326 7.8 5 7.0 $25,001-$30,000 4,476 8.1 4 6.8 $30,001-$35,000 4,017 7.2 4 6.4 $35,001-$40,000 3,948 7.1 3 6.4 $40,001-$50,000 4,269 7.7 4 8.3 $50,001-$70,000 3,828 6.9 4 8.9 $70,001-$100,000 1,314 2.4 4 4.0 $100,001+ 738 1.3 4 3.3 Not Specified 5,226 9.4 10.2 Total 55,554 100.0 100.0 Median ($) 22,000 2 The median personal income for New Zealand as a whole is $24,400.

Income Support Received by the Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over (total responses) Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % NZ Superannuation or Veterans Pension 3,102 5.6 5 13.9 Unemployment Benefit 3,399 6.1 4 2.9 Sickness Benefit 2,229 4.0 4 2.2 Domestic Purposes Benefit 5,064 9.1 3 2.9 Invalids Benefit 2,307 4.2 2 2.4 Student Allowance 1,725 3.1 3 2.0 Other government benefits 2,178 3.9 5 3.0 No government benefit 41,466 74.6 4 87.3 Not specified 1,641 3.0 6.3 Total aged 15 and over 55,554 100.0 100.0 People reporting themselves in more than one category have been counted in each, so the sum of responses in the table may be greater than the number of people responding.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 16 Labour Force and Employment Status of the Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Full-time Employed 27,255 49.1 4 48.4 Part-time Employed 7,539 13.6 6 14.4 Unemployed 4,287 7.7 2 3.4 Total Labour Force 39,084 70.4 4 66.2 Not in Labour Force 16,470 29.6 4 30.4 Total Aged 15 Years and over 55,551 100.0 100.0 Employed - Paid Employee 29,367 52.9 5 47.9 - Employer 1,404 2.5 4 4.5 - Self-Employed, Not Employing 2,346 4.2 4 7.5 - Unpaid Worker in Family Business 660 1.2 5 1.3 - Employment Status Not Specified 1,161 2.1 4 1.8 - Total Gainfully Employed 34,797 62.6 6 62.8

Occupations of the Gainfully Employed Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Managers 4,179 12.0 4 17.1 Professionals 4,401 12.6 4 18.8 Technicians and Trades Workers 4,317 12.4 3 12.2 Community and Personal Service 3,186 9.2 5 7.9 Workers Clerical and Administrative Workers 3,762 10.8 3 12.1 Sales Workers 3,030 8.7 4 9.4 Machinery Operators and Drivers 3,474 10.0 2 5.8 Labourers 6,183 17.8 5 11.0 Not specified 2,262 6.5 5.7 Total 34,797 100.0 100.0

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 17 Industries of the Gainfully Employed Māori Descent Population aged 15 years and over Hauraki-Waikato New Zealand Number % Rank * % Agriculture, forestry and fishing 1,968 5.7 6 6.8 Mining 213 0.6 1 0.2 Manufacturing 4,851 13.9 3 11.0 Electricity, gas, water and waste 288 0.8 1 0.5 services Construction 3,672 10.6 2 7.5 Wholesale trade 1,440 4.1 3 5.0 Retail trade 3,171 9.1 5 9.9 Accommodation 2,004 5.8 4 5.6 Transport, postal and warehousing 1,896 5.4 2 4.1 Information media and 342 1.0 5 1.9 telecommunications Financial and insurance services 579 1.7 5 3.2 Rental, hiring and real estate services 753 2.2 4 2.7 Professional, scientific and technical 1,419 4.1 4 7.8 services Administrative and support services 1,257 3.6 4 3.3 Public administration and safety 1,461 4.2 5 4.1 Education and training 2,601 7.5 3 7.2 Health care and social assistance 2,847 1 Arts and recreation services 570 1.6 4 1.6 Other services 1,197 3.4 5 3.9 Not Elsewhere Included 2,265 6.5 5.6 Total 34,794 100.0 100.0 * Rank 1 (high) to 7 (low) among Māori electorates. Ranks are of % in each group. Some totals may differ due to rounding.

All tables prepared from Statistics New Zealand 2006 Census data, unless otherwise noted.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 18 Glossary

Term Meaning Abbreviations The party abbreviations for 2008 are: Aotearoa NZ Youth Party (ANYIPP), ACT New Zealand (ACT), Alliance (ALL), Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party (ALCP), Communist League (CL), Democrats for Social Credit (NZDSC), Direct Democracy Party (DDP), Family Party (FAM), Green Party (GP), Hapu Party (HP), Human Rights Party (HR), Independent (IND), Jim Anderton's Progressive (JAP), Kiwi Party (KIWI), Labour Party (LAB), Libertarianz (LIB), McGillicuddy Serious Party (McG), Māori Party (MAOR), National Party (NAT), New Zealand First Party (NZF), New Zealand Pacific Party (NZPP), New Zealand Representative Party (NZRP), No Commercial Airport at Whenuapai Airbase (NCAWAP), NZ Economic Euthenics (NZEE), RAM – Residents Action Movement (RAM), Restore All Things in Christ (RATC), The Bill and Ben Party (BB), The Republic of NZ Party (RONZP), United Future (UFNZ), Workers Party (WP). - The party abbreviations for 2005 are: 99 MP Party (99MP), ACT New Zealand (ACT), Alliance (ALL), Anti-Capitalist Alliance (ACA), Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party (ALCP), Christian Heritage NZ (CH), Communist League (CL), Democrats for Social Credit (DEM), Destiny New Zealand (DEST), Direct Democracy Party (DDP), Equal (EVP), Green Party (GRE), Human Rights (HR), Independent (IND), Jim Anderton's Progressive (JAP), Labour Party (LAB), Libertarianz (LIB), Māori Party (MP), National Party (NAT), New Zealand First Party (NZF), NZ Economic Euthenics (NZEE), NZ Family Rights Protection Party (NZFRP), NZ Republicans Party (NZREP), OneNZ Party (OneNZ), Rangitikei First (RF), Restore All Things in Christ (RATIC), The Republic of NZ Party (REP), United Future New Zealand (UF). The party abbreviations for 2002 are: ACT (ACT), Alliance (ALL), Anti-Capitalist Alliance (ACA), Aotearoa NZ Youth (ANZY), Aroha Ngia Tatou (ANT), Beneficiaries (BEN), Christian Heritage (CH), Communist League (CL), Green Party (GRE), Human Rights (HR), Independent (IND), Labour Party (LAB), Legalise Cannabis (LC), Libertarianz (LIB), MAI (MAI), Mana Maori (MM), Maori Party (MP), National Party (NAT), New Generation (NG), Nga Iwi Morehu (NIM), NMP (NMP), NZ Economic Euthenics (NZEE), NZ Equal Rights (NZER), NZ First (NZF), OneNZ Party (1NZ), Outdoor Rec. NZ (ORNZ), P.C.P Coalition (PCPC), Progressive Coalition (PC), Project Hope (PH), Quality of Life (QOL,) Reform's Tahi (RT), United Future (UF). Area Units Area Units are aggregations of meshblocks. They are non-administrative areas intermediate between meshblocks and territorial authorities. Area units of main or secondary urban areas generally coincide with suburbs or parts thereof. Area units within urban areas normally contain 3,000-5,000 population though this can vary due to such things as industrial areas, port areas, rural areas and so on within the urban area boundaries. In rural areas, the straddling of some territorial authorities over regional boundaries has resulted in a number of area units having only 2 or 3 meshblocks and a very low population count. (Statistics New Zealand). Average The sum of a list of numbers, divided by the total number of numbers in the list. Also called arithmetic mean. Census usually Population as calculated on census night, the latest census figures being as at March 2006. resident population The census usually resident population count is all people counted in New Zealand on census night excluding overseas visitors and New Zealand residents temporarily overseas. Employment Full-time employment is equal to people working 30 or more hours per week. Part-time employment is equal to people working 1-29 hours per week. General electoral Total ordinarily resident population as shown in the census of population and dwellings, with population the exception of the Māori electoral population. Income Includes income from all sources, including not only wages and salaries, but also other sources such as benefits, interest payments etc. Income figures given are for before tax (gross) income. Index of The Index of Deprivation (a number from 1 to 10) is high for an area with a high degree of Socioeconomic socioeconomic "deprivation", and is low for an affluent or less needy area. In New Zealand Deprivation as a whole, small areas are evenly divided among the ten deciles. The index is calculated from such factors as proportions of people dependent on benefits, unemployed, and living in a single-parent family, and proportions of households with income below a certain threshold, with no access to a telephone, and with no access to a car.

Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 19 For more information, see the NZDep2006 Index of Deprivation Research Report (http://www.wnmeds.ac.nz/academic/dph/research/socialindicators.html) Māori electoral A figure representing both the persons registered as electors of the Māori electoral districts population and a proportion of the persons of New Zealand Māori descent under the age of 18 years. The proportion is determined by dividing the total number of persons registered as electors of Māori electoral districts by the number of persons of New Zealand Māori descent registered. Mean The sum of a list of numbers, divided by the total number of numbers in the list. Also called arithmetic mean or average. Median Median is the "middle value" of a list. The smallest number such that at least half the numbers in the list are no greater than it. If the list has an odd number of entries, the median is the middle entry in the list after sorting the list into increasing order. If the list has an even number of entries, the median is equal to the sum of the two middle (after sorting) numbers divided by two. Meshblock The meshblock is the smallest geographic area used by Statistics New Zealand in the collection and/or processing of data. The meshblock is thus the building block for aggregation into larger areas such as area units and urban areas. Over time, the division of meshblocks and changes in population patterns have resulted in meshblock population counts having a considerable range. There are meshblocks with nil population and some with over 500 population. There are over 42,000 meshblocks across New Zealand. (Statistics New Zealand). Quotas The Electoral Act 1993 provides that the South Island has 16 General electoral districts. The General electoral population of the South Island is divided by 16 to give the South Island quota. The North Island General electoral population is then divided by the South Island quota to give the number of North Island General electoral districts. The North Island General electoral population is divided by the number of North Island General electorates to give the North Island quota. For the 2007 electorate boundaries, the South Island quota is 57,562 and the North Island quota is 57,243. In a similar way, the Māori electoral population is divided by the South Island quota and rounded to give the number of Māori electoral districts. The Māori electoral quota is the Māori electoral population divided by the number of Māori electoral districts. For the 2007 electorate boundaries, the Māori quota is 59,583. For both General and Māori electoral districts the Commission may allow the electoral population to vary from quota by up to plus or minus 5%. Rounding Census data have been randomly rounded to multiples of three to protect confidentiality. Individual figures may not add up to totals, and values for the same data may vary in different tables. Suppression Census data have been suppressed in areas containing less than six individuals. This affects data in the Household Composition, Labour Force and Employment Status, and Industries of the Gainfully Employed tables. Total responses Several census variables allow people to provide more than one response to the question. When a person has reported more than one response they will be counted in each group they reported. This means that the total population will be greater than the usual subject population for that variable, as individuals may be counted more than once.

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Hauraki-Waikato : Electorate Profile 20