Cahiers Du Monde Russe, 42/2-4 | 2001, « La Police Politique En Union Soviétique, 1918-1953 » [Online], Online Since 16 January 2007, Connection on 19 July 2020

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cahiers Du Monde Russe, 42/2-4 | 2001, « La Police Politique En Union Soviétique, 1918-1953 » [Online], Online Since 16 January 2007, Connection on 19 July 2020 Cahiers du monde russe Russie - Empire russe - Union soviétique et États indépendants 42/2-4 | 2001 La police politique en Union soviétique, 1918-1953 Andrea Graziosi, Terry Martin and Jutta Scherrer (dir.) Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/monderusse/1170 DOI: 10.4000/monderusse.1170 ISSN: 1777-5388 Publisher Éditions de l’EHESS Printed version Date of publication: 1 April 2001 ISBN: 2-7132-1398-3 ISSN: 1252-6576 Electronic reference Andrea Graziosi, Terry Martin and Jutta Scherrer (dir.), Cahiers du monde russe, 42/2-4 | 2001, « La police politique en Union soviétique, 1918-1953 » [Online], Online since 16 January 2007, Connection on 19 July 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/monderusse/1170 ; DOI : https://doi.org/ 10.4000/monderusse.1170 This text was automatically generated on 19 July 2020. © École des hautes études en sciences sociales, Paris. 1 La place, le rôle, le fonctionnement de la police politique en Union soviétique sont demeurés longtemps, pour des raisons évidentes, un territoire largement opaque dans l'histoire de ce pays, qui, d’autre part, ne saurait être comprise sans l’étude approfondie de cette institution dont la création date des tout débuts du nouveau régime. Ce volume rassemble les premiers résultats des recherches en cours, menées par des historiens français, russes, ukrainiens, lituanien, américains, allemands, britanniques et néerlandais. Ces études, toutes fondées sur des investigations importantes dans les archives de l'ex-URSS, jettent un éclairage très neuf sur des aspects aussi cruciaux que les relations entre la police politique et le parti de la population, la collecte de l’information, les relations entre la police politique et la police criminelle, les mécanismes de la terreur et la violence d’État. La plupart de ces contributions ont été présentées lors d’un colloque international tenu à la Maison des sciences de l'homme à Paris, en mai 2000, avec le concours du Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, de l’Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici et du Centre d'études du monde russe, soviétique et post-soviétique de l’EHESS. Cahiers du monde russe, 42/2-4 | 2001 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Avant-propos Surveillance, information et réseaux d'indicateurs The MECHANISMS of the informational activity of the GPU-NKVD The surveillance file of Mykhailo Hrushevsky Iurii I. SHAPOVAL The role and place of secret collaborators in the informational activity of the gpu-nkvd in the 1920s and 1930s (on the basis of materials of the Donbass region) Volodymyr SEMYSTIAHA Le système d’information de la GPU : la situation politique en Ukraine dans les années 1920 rapportée à Kaganovič. Valerij Ju. VASIL´EV Les organes du contrôle d’État et les journaux dans l’URSS de Stalin : des auxiliaires de la police politique ? François-Xavier Nérard Gender and policing in Soviet West Ukraine, 1944-1948. Jeffrey BURDS La composition et les méthodes secrètes des organes de sécurité soviétiques en Lituanie, 1940-1953. Arvydas ANUŠAUSKAS Organisation bureaucratique et relations avec le parti Razvitie sovetskih organov gosudarstvennoj bezopasnosti : 1917-1953 gg. Vladimir N.HAUSTOV Les transformations du personnel des organes de sécurité soviétiques, 1922-1953 Nikita PETROV L’OGPU en 1924 Radiographie d’une institution à son niveau d’étiage Nicolas Werth Dual subordination ? The political police and the party in the Urals region, 1918-1953. James HARRIS “Chekist in essence, chekist in spirit”: regular and political police in THE 1930s Paul M. HAGENLOH The passport system and state control over population flows in the Soviet Union, 1932-1940. Gijs Kessler Social disorder, mass repression, and the NKVD during the 1930s. DAVID R. SHEARER Cahiers du monde russe, 42/2-4 | 2001 3 Stalin i organy gosudarstvennoj bezopasnosti v poslevoennyj period. Oleg HLEVNJUK Les documents du Ministère public de l’URSS comme sources de l’histoire du Goulag, 1945-1953. Dina N. NOHOTOVIČ Terreur et Goulag Wie Dder terror “Gross” wurde: Massenmord und Lagerhaft nach Befehl 00447 Rolf BINNER and Marc JUNGE Conflict and complicity : The expansion of the Karelian Gulag, 1923-1933. Nick BARON Magadan and the evolution of the Dal´stroi bosses in the 1930s. David J. NORDLANDER Alliés ou ennemis ? Le GUPVI-NKVD, le Komintern et les « Malgré-nous ». Le destin des prisonniers de guerre français en URSS (1942-1955). Le destin des prisonniers de guerre français en URSS (1942-1955) Gaël MOULLEC The Great terror in the provinces of the USSR, 1937-1938 A cooperative bibliography Rolf BINNER, Marc JUNG and Terry MARTIN Cahiers du monde russe, 42/2-4 | 2001 4 Avant-propos 1 Nous présentons ici des textes d’un colloque intitulé « La police politique en Union soviétique, 1918-1953 » qui a eu lieu à la Maison des Science de l’Homme en mai 2000 et qui a pu se tenir grâce au concours de nombreuses institutions. Nous tenons à les remercier ici, notamment le Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, l’Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici, la Maison des Sciences de l’Homme et le Centre d’Études du Monde Russe, Soviétique et Post-Soviétique de l’École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. 2 Ce colloque poursuit une tradition qui a maintenant plus de dix ans et qui a débuté sous la forme d’un séminaire franco-italien d’histoire russe et soviétique ; ce séminaire s’est élargi au fil des ans en associant des chercheurs d’autres pays de l’Europe et des États- Unis. L’entreprise bénéficie du soutien de M. Maurice Aymard, de la MSH, de M. Wladimir Berelowitch, directeur du Centre d’Études du Monde Russe, Soviétique et Post-Soviétique de l’EHESS, de MM. Gerardo Marotta et Antonio Gargano de l’Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici, et aussi du comité de rédaction des Cahiers du Monde russe. Nous sommes reconnaissants à tous de l’aide fidèle qu’ils nous apportent. 3 Grâce aux Cahiers du Monde russe, la plupart des actes de nos colloques ont pu faire l’objet de numéros spéciaux ; en voici la liste : 4 « Spécialistes, bureaucratie et administration dans l’Empire russe et en URSS, 1880-1945 » (32, 4, 1991) 5 « Cultures économiques et politiques économiques dans l’Empire tsariste et en URSS, 1861-1950 » (36, 1-2, 1995) 6 « Guerre, guerres civiles et conflits nationaux dans l’Empire russe et en Russie soviétique, 1914-1922 » (38, 1-2, 1997) 7 « Les années 30. Nouvelles directions de la recherche » 8 (39, 1-2, 1998) 9 « Archives et nouvelles sources de l’histoire soviétique, une réévaluation » 10 (40, 1-2, 1999) 11 Pour le dernier colloque, les initiateurs, Andrea Graziosi et Jutta Scherrer, ont associé un collègue américain, Terry Martin, qui en a été le véritable organisateur. Nous Cahiers du monde russe, 42/2-4 | 2001 5 espérons que la publication de ces travaux de recherche sera utile à la communauté scientifique et que cette entreprise pourra se poursuivre dans l’avenir. 12 Andrea Graziosi (Università di Napoli « Federico II ») 13 Terry Martin (Harvard University) 14 Jutta Scherrer (EHESS) Cahiers du monde russe, 42/2-4 | 2001 6 Surveillance, information et réseaux d'indicateurs Cahiers du monde russe, 42/2-4 | 2001 7 The MECHANISMS of the informational activity of the GPU- NKVD The surveillance file of Mykhailo Hrushevsky Iurii I. SHAPOVAL 1 To begin, I will focus briefly on the meaning of the word “dossier” (delo-formuliar). As is known, there were two basic categories of secret informers in the Soviet political police : the informer (osvedomitel’), who provided so-called primary information, and the agent (agent), who took part in the operative surveillance of an individual. The keeping of dossiers began with informers. These cases would be opened when information about concrete individuals was considered sufficiently important. Cases were initiated by various operative divisions after preliminary verification of the primary information. 2 In the case of Mykhailo Hrushevsky, dossier no. 1023 was opened on March 24, 1924, by a resolution of H. Eimontov, the official in charge of the 1st group of the Counter- Intelligence Department of the GPU department of Kyiv guberniia. Like others, this division was engaged in the study of all categories of the population considered important within society at that time, including the scientific intelligentsia. 3 The main pretext for launching the case was the fact that Hrushevsky was not simply a distinguished Ukrainian scholar, but at one time had also been very engaged in political activity. His “crime” lay in the fact that he had headed the Tsentral´na Rada (Central Council) that resisted the Bolsheviks in 1917-1918. It was this very circumstance that became the basis not only for opening a dossier, but also for gathering further information about him. For this reason the case was launched “according to the coloration (okraska) of Ukrainian counter-revolution.” 4 It is characteristic that the first decision on the opening of a dossier was a kind of experiment. On February 5, 1925, another dossier was opened in accordance with a decision passed by Borin, the official in charge of the Counter-Intelligence Department of the GPU department of Kyiv guberniia. This resolution, in contrast to H. Eimontov’s, Cahiers du monde russe, 42/2-4 | 2001 8 was more categorical. Here the scholar was already marked as a “Ukrainian chauvinist,” and the accumulated materials gave the green light to suspect him of “anti-Soviet activity.”1 At the same time, according to tradition, the Chekists gave the academician the pseudonym “Staryk” (Old Man). 5 Mykhailo Hrushevsky returned from involuntary emigration in Vienna on March 8, 1924. In his view, his return was an act of compromise. He had fulfilled the Bolsheviks’ demand that he abandon his tireless political activity in the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries (UPSR).
Recommended publications
  • Security and Sustainability Issues
    (print) ISSN 2029-7017 CONTENTS Vol. 6 No 4 2017 June (online) ISSN 2029-7025 Viera Pechancová. RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL IN THE AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR: CZECH REGIONAL CASE STUDY 537 Edvīns Šincāns, Jānis Ivančiks. EVALUATIONS OF ENERGY SECURITY MEASURES: EXPERIENCE OF DIFFERENT University of Salford The General Jonas Žemaitis Ministry of National Defence COUNTRIES IN THE FIGHT UNLAWFUL USE OF ELECTRICITY AND COMPARISON A Greater Manchester University Military Academy of Lithuania Republic of Lithuania WITH LATVIA 547 Anton Korauš, Ján Dobrovič, Rastislav Rajnoha, Ivan Brezina. THE SAFETY RISKS RELATED TO BANK CARDS AND CYBER ATTACKS 563 Journal of Angie Fernández, Santiago Calero, Humberto Parra, Raúl Fernández. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE PRODUCTIVE MATRIX FOR ECUADOR SUSTAINABILITY 575 SECURITY AND Vladimir Menshikov, Olga Lavrinenko, Ludmila Sinica, Anastasiia Simakhova. NETWORK CAPITAL PHENOMENON AND ITS POSIBILITIES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES 585 SUSTAINABILITY Vladas Tumalavičius, Valeriy Nikolayevskyy, Aivars Endziņš. ISSUES OF THE STATE AND SOCIETY SECURITY (Part II): MANAGEMENT OF CONTROL OVER INDIVIDUAL CRIMINAL PROCESSES 605 ISSUES Murman Kvaratskhelia. WORLD CHALLENGES AND ECONOMICS OF GEORGIA 619 International Entrepreneurial Perspectives Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Thi Anh Nhu Nguyen, Jaroslav Belás, Jozef Habánik, Jaroslav Schönfeld. and Innovative Outcomes PRECONDITIONS OF FINANCIAL SAFETY DURING LIFECYCLE: THE FINANCIAL LITERACY AND RETIREMENT PLANNING IN VIETNAM 627 Beata Gavurova, Zuzana Virglerova, Frantisek Janke. TRUST AND A SUSTAINABILITY OF THE MACROECONOMIC GROWTH INSIGHTS FROM DYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE 637 Rita Bendaravičienė. TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE ORGANIZATION: INTEGRATIVE CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR EMPLOYER BRANDING 649 Nikolajs Jefimovs. TOWARDS CONFLICTS’ SETTLEMENT: DEVELOPMENT OF THE MEANING OF MEDIATION IN THE LEGAL DOCTRINE 665 Vytautas Jokubauskas.
    [Show full text]
  • RESOURCES for the FUTURE Special Edition Table of Contents August 2016
    Special Edition www.sci-ru.org 8 2016 RESOURCES FOR THE FUTURE Special Edition Table of Contents August 2016 Special Edition Topics INTRODUCTION Tomsk Polytechnic University: Production of Benefits 2 TPU Rector Petr Chubik speaks about resource efficiency not just as a term but as an ideology. ARCTIC RESEARCH Treasures of the Shelf 8 Natalia Leskova The time has come for mankind to face Arctic research and a range of dangers that come along with it. Alexey Mazurov, First Vice- Rector of TPU, speaks about progressive comprehensive research in the Russian sector of the Arctic. ROBOTIC ENGINEERING SPACE TECHNOLOGY Sweating Robots — Happy People 48 Earth outside the Window 14 Valery Chumakov Valery Chumakov Dmitry Sonkin, assistant professor of TPU Institute Researchers at Tomsk Institute of Physics of Strength and of Cybernetics, reveals the Tomsk scientists’ understanding Materials Science SB RAS print satellites using their 3D printers of the notion “robotic engineering”. and create unique protective window coating. INDUSTRIAL TOMOGRAPHY OIL DEVELOPMENT Seeing the Hidden 54 Recovering the Non-Recoverable 22 Natalia Leskova Natalia Leskova Industrial tomography methods help avoid dramatic accidents Western Siberia is the leader in the number of difficult oil caused by miniscule imperceptible defects. This is the topic of reserves. Andrey Dmitriev, Director of TPU Institute of Natural our conversation with Valery Borikov, Director of the Institute Resources, speaks about scientific and technological miracles of Non-Destructive Testing. that help recover these treasures. NATURAL RESOURCES WATER RESOURCES University of Rarities 58 The Vital Water 28 Valery Chumakov Natalia Leskova Tomsk is the heart of the region known for its immense storages of The health of mankind directly depends on the kind of water it rare elements.
    [Show full text]
  • Sovietinės Represijos Prieš Lietuvos Kariuomenės Karininkus
    SOVIETINĖS REPRESIJOS PRIEŠ LIETUVOS KARIUOMENĖS KARININKUS Ats. plk. Andrius Tekorius Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija Anotacija. Straipsnyje atskleistos sovietinių represijų prieš Lietuvos kariuome- nės karininkus priežastys, pobūdis ir mastas, pateikti duomenys apie represuotus Lietuvos krašto apsaugos ministrus ir karininkus. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: sovietinė okupacija, Lietuvos kariuomenė, Lietuvos ka- riuomenės karininkai, sovietinės represijos, šnipinėjimas, represuoti Lietuvos kari- ninkai ir krašto apsaugos ministrai. ĮVADAS Sovietinės okupacijos metais represijas patyrė didžioji mūsų tautos dalis. Okupantų buvo suimti, kalinti ir ištremti tūkstančiai Lietuvos gy- ventojų. Sovietinių represijų neišvengė ir Lietuvos karininkija. Ji tapo vienu pirmųjų sovietinių okupantų taikinių. Lietuvos karininkų1 sovietinių represijų tema Lietuvos istoriografi- joje nėra nauja. Šią temą įvairiais aspektais yra nagrinėję ir tyrimų re- zultatus skelbę Arvydas Anušauskas, Teresė Birutė Burauskaitė, Jonas Dobrovolskas, Stasys Knezys, Aras Lukšas, Algirdas Markūnas, Antanas Martinionis, Jonas Rudokas, Vytautas Jasulaitis, Gintautas Surgailis, Ro- mualdas Svidinskas, Antanas Tyla, Vytautas Zabielskas, Dalius Žygelis ir kiti. Sovietiniuose kalėjimuose ir lageriuose (priverčiamojo darbo stovy- klose) patirti išgyvenimai aprašyti Lietuvos kariuomenės karininkų Vik- toro Ašmensko, Antano Martinionio, Juozo Palukaičio, Jono Petruičio 1 Šiame straipsnyje Lietuvos karininkai skirstomi į tikrosios tarnybos karininkus, tar- navusius Lietuvos kariuomenėje
    [Show full text]
  • DISCOVER URAL Ekaterinburg, 22 Vokzalnaya Irbit, 2 Proletarskaya Street Sysert, 51, Bykova St
    Alapayevsk Kamyshlov Sysert Ski resort ‘Gora Belaya’ The history of Kamyshlov is an The only porcelain In winter ‘Gora Belaya’ becomes one of the best skiing Alapayevsk, one of the old town, interesting by works in the Urals, resort holidays in Russia – either in the quality of its ski oldest metallurgical its merchants’ houses, whose exclusive faience runs, the service quality or the variety of facilities on centres of the region, which are preserved until iconostases decorate offer. You can rent cross-country skis, you can skate or dozens of churches around where the most do snowtubing, you can visit a swimming-pool or do rope- honorable industrial nowadays. The main sight the world, is a most valid building of the Middle 26 of Kamyshlov is two-floored 35 reason to visit the town of 44 climbing park. In summer there is a range of active sports Urals stands today, is Pokrovsky cathedral Sysert. You can go to the to do – carting, bicycling and paintball. You can also take inseparably connected (1821), founded in honor works with an excursion and the lifter to the top of Belaya Mountain. with the names of many of victory over Napoleon’s try your hand at painting 180 km from Ekaterinburg, 1Р-352 Highway faience pieces. You can also extend your visit with memorial great people. The elegant Trinity Church was reconstructed army. Every august the jazz festival UralTerraJazz, one of the through the settlement of Uraletz by the direction by the renowned architect M.P. Malakhov, and its burial places of industrial history – the dam and the workshop 53 top-10 most popular open-air fests in Russia, takes place in sign ‘Gora Belaya’ + 7 (3435) 48-56-19, gorabelaya.ru vaults serve as a shelter for the Romanov Princes – the Kamyshlov.
    [Show full text]
  • For Free Distribution
    INTERNATIONAL PAGE EU AMBASSADOR TEIXEIRA PAGE IVAN MARCHUK: PAGE OPINION ON POLITICAL ON SCANDALOUS TRIALS A GREAT PAINTER INSPIRED PERSECUTION IN UKRAINE 10 AND THE ASSOCIATION AGREEMENT 16 BY HIS HOMELAND 42 № 9 (21) OCTOBER 2011 EUROPE MUST ACT NOW! www.ukrainianweek.com for free distribution featuring selected content from the economist |contents briefing focus PoLitics Europe Must The Collapse of Justice Damon Wilson Act Now! Lawyer Valentyna Telychenko on how Ukraine can The triangle talks about the cases against Yulia improve its image of Ukraine, Tymoshenko, Leonid Kuchma, Russia and the EU and Oleksiy Pukach who killed journalist Gongadze 4 6 10 David Kramer Steven Pifer Tango for Two and Freedom on official Kyiv Jose Manuel Pinto Teixeira House: We running out of on how the scandalous will continue room to maneuver trials in Ukraine can affect to tell the in the international Association Agreement truth arena prospects 12 14 16 neighbours economics Time to Shove Off Greek Consequences War and Myth The Soviet Union Ratification of the The real roots of was undermined by Association Agreement Ukraine’s energy stagnation and a sense of and FTA will depend dependence go back hopelessness. Is the same on whether political to the oligarchs thing happening again? repression stops 18 22 24 investigation society You’d Rather Be Dead Tour de Ukraine Who Is Scared While pharmaceutical Ukrainians switch of Ukrainian Hackers? groups fight for the to bicycles, pushing Ukrainian market, Ukraine’s supply local authorities to cybercriminals
    [Show full text]
  • Frank Settle's Marshall & the Atomic
    THE MAGAZINE OF THE GEORGE C. MARSHALL FOUNDATION Frank Settle’s Marshall & the Atomic Bomb Mark Stoler’s Marshall Lecture at AHA The Whole Man: Letters of Rose Page Wilson Best New Books Marshall Legacy Series Marshall Shorts FALL 2015 photo credit: George C. Marshall Research Library FALL 2015 Features Marshall and the Atomic Bomb 4 By Frank Settle, Ph.D Marshall is best known today as the architect of Europe’s recovery in the af - termath of World War II—the Marshall Plan. He also earned acclaim as the master strategist of the Allied victory in World War II. He mobilized and equipped the Army and Air Force under a single command; served as the pri - mary conduit for information between the Army and the Air Force and the president and secretary of war; developed a close working relationship with Admiral Earnest King, Chief of Naval Operations; worked with Congress and leaders of industry on funding and producing resources for the war; and developed and implemented the successful strategy the Allies pursued in fighting the war. Last but not least of his responsibilities was the production of the atomic bomb. George C. Marshall and the “Europe-First” 12 Strategy, 1939–1951: A Study in Diplomatic as well as Military History By Mark A. Stoler, Ph.D. As Army chief of staff, secretary of state, and secretary of defense, George C. Marshall played a major role in creating, implementing, and defending the multilateral “Europe-First” global strategy that guided U.S. foreign and military policies through World War II and the Cold War.
    [Show full text]
  • Annexation of Lithuania by USSR in Summer 1940 As Described in Diplomatic Documents and Propaganda Materials
    res historica 48, 2019 DOI: 10.17951/rh.2019.48.241-273 Juliusz Dworacki (adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-1943 ‘it is all the fault of Lithuanian provocateurs…’. annexation of Lithuania by Ussr in summer 1940 as Described in Diplomatic Documents and Propaganda Materials ‘Wszystkiemu winni są litewscy prowokatorzy…’. Aneksja Litwy przez ZSRR latem 1940 r. w świetle dokumentów dyplomatycznych i materiałów propagandowych abstract The research problem addressed in this paper is the issue of the process of the accession of the Republic of Lithuania to the Soviet Union in the summer of 1940 and the political context of this event. There is much historical and political controversy nowadays around the history of Kremlin politics in 1939–1941, but recently the subject of annexation of Lithuania has not been discussed, and the issue of relations and diplomatic relations between the two countries has not been described in detail in Polish historiography so far. The research question was formulated as follows: why, in spite of the October 1939 Mutual Assistance Treaty, did Moscow decide to change the status quo and directly annex the neighbouring country, disregarding the considerable number of alternative scenarios and extensive possibilities of controlling Lithuania’s policy? The research was conducted by analysing the documents of the diplomatic services of both countries (among which diplomatic correspondence occupies a special place), the then Soviet press from the point of view of the propaganda message used, as well as using memoiristic sources. As a result of the conducted research, no definite reasons for initiating the process of annexation of Lithuania by the USSR were defined, but a number of factors that may have a significant impact on the Kremlin’s move were revealed.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin 10-Final Cover
    COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN Issue 10 Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. March 1998 Leadership Transition in a Fractured Bloc Featuring: CPSU Plenums; Post-Stalin Succession Struggle and the Crisis in East Germany; Stalin and the Soviet- Yugoslav Split; Deng Xiaoping and Sino-Soviet Relations; The End of the Cold War: A Preview COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN 10 The Cold War International History Project EDITOR: DAVID WOLFF CO-EDITOR: CHRISTIAN F. OSTERMANN ADVISING EDITOR: JAMES G. HERSHBERG ASSISTANT EDITOR: CHRISTA SHEEHAN MATTHEW RESEARCH ASSISTANT: ANDREW GRAUER Special thanks to: Benjamin Aldrich-Moodie, Tom Blanton, Monika Borbely, David Bortnik, Malcolm Byrne, Nedialka Douptcheva, Johanna Felcser, Drew Gilbert, Christiaan Hetzner, Kevin Krogman, John Martinez, Daniel Rozas, Natasha Shur, Aleksandra Szczepanowska, Robert Wampler, Vladislav Zubok. The Cold War International History Project was established at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C., in 1991 with the help of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and receives major support from the MacArthur Foundation and the Smith Richardson Foundation. The Project supports the full and prompt release of historical materials by governments on all sides of the Cold War, and seeks to disseminate new information and perspectives on Cold War history emerging from previously inaccessible sources on “the other side”—the former Communist bloc—through publications, fellowships, and scholarly meetings and conferences. Within the Wilson Center, CWIHP is under the Division of International Studies, headed by Dr. Robert S. Litwak. The Director of the Cold War International History Project is Dr. David Wolff, and the incoming Acting Director is Christian F.
    [Show full text]
  • DC Comics Jumpchain CYOA
    DC Comics Jumpchain CYOA CYOA written by [text removed] [text removed] [text removed] cause I didn’t lol The lists of superpowers and weaknesses are taken from the DC Wiki, and have been reproduced here for ease of access. Some entries have been removed, added, or modified to better fit this format. The DC universe is long and storied one, in more ways than one. It’s a universe filled with adventure around every corner, not least among them on Earth, an unassuming but cosmically significant planet out of the way of most space territories. Heroes and villains, from the bottom of the Dark Multiverse to the top of the Monitor Sphere, endlessly struggle for justice, for power, and for control over the fate of the very multiverse itself. You start with 1000 Cape Points (CP). Discounted options are 50% off. Discounts only apply once per purchase. Free options are not mandatory. Continuity === === === === === Continuity doesn't change during your time here, since each continuity has a past and a future unconnected to the Crises. If you're in Post-Crisis you'll blow right through 2011 instead of seeing Flashpoint. This changes if you take the relevant scenarios. You can choose your starting date. Early Golden Age (eGA) Default Start Date: 1939 The original timeline, the one where it all began. Superman can leap tall buildings in a single bound, while other characters like Batman, Dr. Occult, and Sandman have just debuted in their respective cities. This continuity occurred in the late 1930s, and takes place in a single universe.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Panther Toolkit! We Are Excited to Have You Here with Us to Talk About the Wonderful World of Wakanda
    1 Fandom Forward is a project of the Harry Potter Alliance. Founded in 2005, the Harry Potter Alliance is an international non-profit that turns fans into heroes by making activism accessible through the power of story. This toolkit provides resources for fans of Black Panther to think more deeply about the social issues represented in the story and take action in our own world. Contact us: thehpalliance.org/fandomforward [email protected] #FandomForward This toolkit was co-produced by the Harry Potter Alliance, Define American, and UndocuBlack. @thehpalliance @defineamerican @undocublack Contents Introduction................................................................................. 4 Facilitator Tips............................................................................. 5 Representation.............................................................................. 7 Racial Justice.............................................................................. 12 » Talk It Out.......................................................................... 17 » Take Action............................................................................ 18 Colonialism................................................................................... 19 » Talk It Out.......................................................................... 23 » Take Action............................................................................24 Immigrant Justice........................................................................25 »
    [Show full text]
  • Bajo El Signo Del Escorpión
    Por Juri Lina Bajo el Signo del Escorpión pg. 1 de 360 - 27 de septiembre de 2008 Por Juri Lina pg. 2 de 360 - 27 de septiembre de 2008 Por Juri Lina PRESENTACION Juri Lina's Book "Under the Sign of the Scorpion" is a tremendously important book, self-published in the English language in Sweden by the courageous author. Jüri Lina, has been banned through out the U.S.A. and Canada. Publishers and bookstores alike are so frightened by the subject matter they shrink away and hide. But now, braving government disapproval and persecution by groups that do not want the documented information in Under the Sign of the Scorpion to see the light of day, Texe Marrs and Power of Prophecy are pleased to offer Mr. Lina's outstanding book. Lina's book reveals what the secret societies and the authorities are desperate to keep hidden—how Jewish Illuminati revolutionaries in the United States, Britain, and Germany—including Marx, Lenin, Trotsky, and Stalin—conspired to overthrow the Czar of Russia. It details also how these monsters succeeded in bringing the bloody reign of Illuministic Communism to the Soviet Empire and to half the world's population. Under the Sign of the Scorpion reveals the whole, sinister, previously untold story of how a tiny band of Masonic Jewish thugs inspired by Satan, funded by Illuminati bigwigs, and emboldened by their Talmudic hatred were able to starve, bludgeon, imprison and massacre over 30 million human victims with millions more suffering in Soviet Gulag concentration camps. Fuhrer Adolf Hitler got his idea for Nazi concentration camps from these same Bolshevik Communist butchers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Radar Game Understanding Stealth and Aircraft Survivability
    A MITCHELL INSTITUTE STUDY The Radar Game Understanding Stealth and Aircraft Survivability By Rebecca Grant September 2010 A mitchell inStitute Study 1 Brig. Gen. Billy Mitchell On September 12, 1918 at St. Mihiel in France, Col. Wil- liam Mitchell became the first person ever to command a major force of allied aircraft in a combined-arms opera- tion. This battle was the debut of the US Army fighting under a single American commander on European soil. Under Mitchell’s control, more than 1,100 allied aircraft worked in unison with ground forces in a broad offen- sive—one encompassing not only the advance of ground troops but also direct air attacks on enemy strategic tar- gets, aircraft, communications, logistics, and forces beyond the front lines. Mitchell was promoted to Brigadier General by order of Gen. John J. Pershing, commander of the American Expeditionary Force, in recognition of his com- mand accomplishments during the St. Mihiel offensive and the subsequent Meuse-Argonne offensive. After World War I, General Mitchell served in Washington and then became Commander, First Provisional Air Brigade, in 1921. That summer, he led joint Army and Navy demonstration attacks as bombs delivered from aircraft sank several captured German vessels, including the SS Ostfriesland. His determination to speak the truth about airpower and its importance to America led to a court-martial trial in 1925. Mitchell was convicted, and re- signed from the service in February 1926. Mitchell, through personal example and through his writing, inspired and en- couraged a cadre of younger airmen. These included future General of the Air Force Henry H.
    [Show full text]