DOCSLIB.ORG

Copyright by Christine Marie Guedri 2008

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Copyright by Christine Marie Guedri 2008 Copyright by Christine Marie Guedri 2008 The Dissertation Committee for Christine Marie Guedri Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation A Sociolinguistic Study of Language Contact of Lebanese Arabic and Brazilian Portuguese in São Paulo Committee: Fritz G. Hensey, Supervisor Peter F. Abboud Thaïs Cristófaro Silva Orlando R. Kelm Chiyo Nishida A Sociolinguistic Study of Language Contact of Lebanese Arabic and Brazilian Portuguese in São Paulo by Christine Marie Guedri; B.A; M.A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December 2008 Dedication To my parents, Wayne and Elaine Guedri, and to my grandmother- you gave me the three tools I needed to complete this work- philosophy, discipline and religion. I never look at the masses as my responsibility. I look only at the individual. Only one is required. -Mother Teresa Acknowledgements There are several people that have supported me along this journey to whom I am extremely grateful and wish to acknowledge. First, I would like to thank my committee. Since the moment that I came to The University of Texas at Austin, Fritz Hensey has been nothing but supportive. His expertise guided me to appreciate the important value of both diachronic and synchronic linguistics. He allowed me to be creative in my endeavors, instilled confidence in me to go into the field and encouraged me to absorb everything. If he did not believe in me, then this project would not have been possible. Thaïs Cristófaro Silva not only molded me into a researcher but also encouraged me to always follow my dreams. She always made time for me even when she did not have it. Her expectations of precision and insightful comments challenged me throughout the years that we have worked together. Not only has she been an important mentor, but also a great friend. Chiyo Nishida has supported me both inside and outside of the classroom while part of the Romance Linguistics program and encouraged my interest of the definite article. When I came to the University of Texas, I originally came to study Spanish and Italian and ended up specializing in Portuguese and Arabic. Two important people are responsible for this change. On my first day at UT, Orlando Kelm convinced me to study Portuguese and from that day on with his support, I have been a Brazilianist. Peter Abboud never gave up on me during my difficult journey with the Arabic language. He is a pioneer in the field and offered countless words of advice that made such a v difference in my formation and understanding of Arabic dialectology. Other professors that have been instrumental include Bjorn Lindblom and Carlos Solé as well as Kristen Brustad who was very helpful with Arabic syntax. I have had the opportunity to work with several institutions during my language studies. The University of Mary Washington and Middlebury College set the foundation for my doctoral studies. I wish to thank Ana Chichester, Mariluz Gutiérrez, Juan Maldonado, Carmen Tesser and Alessandra Pires. At the Lebanese Emigration Research Center at Notre Dame University in Lebanon, I would like to thank Roberto Khatlab for all of his suggestions, articles and support. In Brazil, there were literally hundreds of people that contributed to making this research as reality- by participating in my research, helping me to interpret data and referring me to participants. I am very grateful to Hani Camille Yehia, Leonardo Almeida and Marcelo Pimentel at CEFALA and to all of the researchers at LABFON at UFMG. A sincere vote of thanks goes to my Brazilian counterpart, Raquel Fontes, who is one of the most selfless people I have met in my life. She opened her home to me and included me as a part of the family. She was always available to discuss aspects of this project, both night and day. In the same way, I must thank Patrícia and Iván Santos who literally adopted me in every sense of the word while I collected data multiple times in São Paulo. Without their generosity, I would not have been successful in my academic pursuits. There are also two professors at the University of São Paulo who went out of their way to make me feel welcome and helped me to complete my research. Shukran Safa Jubran and Mamede Jarouche! vi I do not know what I would have done without the guidance of Shanna Smith in the ITS Researching Consulting Service at UT Austin. For once a week for a year and a half, Shanna was an instrumental force in this project-from the experimental design to the analysis of the results. Bob Penman was also a great help when I had to format this document. Friends and family have supported me unconditionally during this difficult process including Margaret Garwood, Mary Alessandri, Meaghan Dinan, Belén Villarreal, Michel Azarian, Alanna Breen, Karyn Rayburn, Suphan Bozkurt, Mario Higa, Lanie Millar, David Roby, Martha Jenks, Patrick Webb, Rachel Donelson, Noshene Ranjbar, Margot Pastoriza González, Belén Fernández, Coté Ruiz, Deanna Lyles, Elizabeth Leath, Jill Hetzel and Ron McCune. They have gone out of their way to help me and I hope that one day I am able to do the same for them. In the homestretch of this process, my new colleagues at the United States Military Academy have been most helpful in giving me feedback and support including Ingaborg Kohn, Rebecca Jones-Kellogg, Joshua Enslen, Cathy Kelly, Meghan Murphy Lee, Mary Riley and Rajaa Chouairi while the Corps of Cadets provided inspiration to persevere, even in trying times. To my immediate family- my mother, father, sisters and brothers- thank you for being supportive always and putting up with all of misgivings. In closing, I would like to acknowledge God who gives me strength and guidance and was instrumental in surviving through this all-encompassing academic endeavor. vii A Sociolinguistic Study of Language Contact of Lebanese Arabic and Brazilian Portuguese in São Paulo Publication No._____________ Christine Marie Guedri, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Austin, 2008 Supervisor: Fritz Hensey Languages that borrow Arabic words often incorporate redundant, non-lexical material (Myers Scotton 2002, Rouchdy 2002). Examples can be drawn from words of Arabic origin in the Portuguese language (Kaye 2004, Corriente 1992). The aim of this study is to explore different aspects language variation due to language contact and transfer. This study takes into consideration loanword adaptations and examines three generations of Lebanese-Brazilians living and São Paulo. While many factors account for phonological variation in the production of Brazilian Portuguese, one of the goals of this study is to show how prior language experiences can influence variation in the perception and production of another. In viii exploring three generations in the Lebanese-Brazilian community of São Paulo, Brazil, first-generation immigrants are believed to have more variability in their spoken Portuguese, with this variability extending to loanwords of Arabic origin. Subsequent generations are believed have less access to the Arabic language, and have less variability in their spoken Portuguese, however are expected to experience some influence of Arabic when perceiving and producing words of Arabic origin. ix Table of Contents Table of Contents .....................................................................................................x List of Tables ....................................................................................................... xiii List of Figures ...................................................................................................... xvi 1. Introduction ..........................................................................................................1 1.1 Language Contact and Variation ..............................................................2 1.2 Loanword Adaptations and Variation .......................................................4 1.2.1 Phonology .....................................................................................6 1.2.2 Morphology.................................................................................11 1.2.3 Syntax .........................................................................................13 1.2.4 Semantics ....................................................................................15 1.3 Synchronic and Diachronic Accounts of Arabic and Portuguese ...........17 1.3.1 Contact of Arabic and Portuguese ..............................................19 1.3.2 Contact Outside of the Iberian Peninsula ....................................21 1.4 Research Design......................................................................................22 1.5 Methodological Issues ............................................................................23 1.6 Organization of Chapters ........................................................................24 2. Review of Literature ..........................................................................................26 2.1 Sociolinguistic Study ..............................................................................26 2.2 Issues Facing Loanwords ........................................................................28 2.3 Theoretical Background ..........................................................................29 2.3.1 Speech Accommodation and Loanword Phonology ...................29 2.3.2 Frequency
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Evidence of Lexical Re-Borrowing in the Spoken English of First Generation Finnish-Australians
    Evidence of Lexical Re-Borrowing in the Spoken English of First Generation Finnish-Australians GREG WATSON 1. Introduction Lexical borrowing from one language into another is a natural consequence of any language contact situation and has been extensively discussed. The earliest seminal work for the latter half of the previous century is that of Haugen (1950) and Weinreich (1953). Lexical borrowing occurs when a speaker needs to account for some form of semantic gap in either LI or L2. For instance, a Finn who has emigrated to Australia will have been confronted with new cultural experiences. S/he will have promptly needed to acquire a broadened vocabulary, using words that may not have a Finnish equivalent. Hence, various words are borrowed from Australian English into the Finnish spoken at home, or with other Finnish immigrants, when discussing a particular cultural difference at hand. Equally so, Finns will bring new concepts with them that they will introduce into Australian culture. For instance, amongst English speaking people it is a little known fact that sauna derives from Finnish. Instances of borrowings, where the minority language group consistently borrows from the host language group and vice versa, are well documented. However, little attention, if any, has been paid to the phenomenon of re-borrowing, where, for example, a word originally borrowed from Australian English into Finnish is then re-used (re• borrowed) in the spoken English of the Finns, albeit in a slighdy different phonological and/or morphological form, when conversing with native speakers of Australian English. There have been NORDIC JOURNAL OF ENGLISH STUDIES VOL.
    [Show full text]
  • Prosodic Variation in European Portuguese: Phrasing, Intonation and Rhythm in Central-Southern Varieties
    Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Letras Departamento de Linguística Geral e Românica Prosodic variation in European Portuguese: phrasing, intonation and rhythm in central-southern varieties Marisa Cruz PhD in Linguistics Portuguese Linguistics 2013 Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Letras Departamento de Linguística Geral e Românica Prosodic variation in European Portuguese: phrasing, intonation and rhythm in central-southern varieties Marisa Cruz PhD in Linguistics Portuguese Linguistics Supervisor: Sónia Frota 2013 This research was developed within the PhD Project BD/61463/2009, funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia. Aos meus pais À minha avozinha, a minha segunda mãe Abstract Included within a research project aiming to provide a detailed description of prosodic variation in European Portuguese (EP), the present study analyzes phrasing, intonation and rhythm in central-southern varieties using data from different types of tasks (reading task, Discourse Completion Task, Map Task). Following the Prosodic Phonology view of prosodic structure (e.g., Selkirk 1984, 1986, Nespor & Vogel 1986/2007) and the Autosegmental Metrical (AM) approach within the intonational phonology framework (e.g., Pierrehumbert 1980; Ladd 1996/2008), we examined the prosody of two regions of the south of Portugal (Alentejo – Ale –, and Algarve – Alg) relating to: (i) phrasing; (ii) tonal system and pragmatic meanings of tonal morphemes; (iii) pitch accent distribution, and (iv) rhythmic properties of each variety. The analysis of prosodic phrasing reinforces the relevance of the Intonational Phrase in EP. Segmental phenomena such as Fricative Voicing and Paragoge (the later only in Ale) cue the IP level, and length in number of syllables and syntactic/prosodic branching of phrases impact on intonational phrasing.
    [Show full text]
  • Primary Word Stress in Brazilian Portuguese and the Weight Parameter W
    Primary Word Stress in Brazilian Portuguese and the Weight Parameter W. Léo Wetzels To cite this version: W. Léo Wetzels. Primary Word Stress in Brazilian Portuguese and the Weight Parameter. Journal of Portuguese Linguistics, Ubiquity Press, 2007, 5/6, pp.9-58. halshs-00684325 HAL Id: halshs-00684325 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00684325 Submitted on 1 Apr 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. To appear in Journal of Portuguese Linguistics 5,2. 2006. Special Issue on the Prosody of the Iberian Languages, guest-edited by G. Elordieta and M. Vigario. Primary Word Stress in Brazilian Portuguese and the Weight Parameter W. Leo Wetzels Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Abstract In this paper, we develop an analysis of primary word stress in Brazilian Portuguese (BP). We evaluate the typological and language-specific arguments that are presented in the literature against the relevance of syllable weight in Portuguese, and show that none of them appears to be valid when confronted with cross-linguistic evidence or the facts of BP phonology. We then go on to show that stress in BP represents a mixed system, in which verbs receive stress as a function of the morphological categories of tense (past, present, future), whereas stress in non-verbs is prosody-based and sensitive to the distinction between heavy and light syllables.
    [Show full text]
  • Brazilian Portuguese Interphonology: Consonant Clusters
    Running Head: INTERPHONOLOGY: CONSONANT CLUSTERS 1 Brazilian Portuguese Interphonology: Consonant Clusters Ciarra Proulx Northern Arizona University Running Head: INTERPHONOLOGY: CONSONANT CLUSTERS 2 Abstract This paper discusses how Brazilian students who study at the Program for Intensive English (PIE) at the Northern Arizona University (NAU) pronounce consonant clusters that are word-initial, -medial, and –final, in order to better understand their interlanguage phonology, particularly since most research on Portuguese phonology pertains to European Portuguese, not Brazilian Portuguese. Ten students were invited to participate, with the expectation that some will decline. Students filled out a background questionnaire and, using Praat, they were asked to say a set of 30 words containing consonant clusters in the three aforementioned positions, in order to pinpoint any consonant deletion, assimilation, or epenthesis. This data will be compared to the pronunciation of the same set of words by a native speaker of American English. Results showed that epenthesis was the highest occurring process, particularly word-initially, whereas deletion was most commonly found word-finally. Word-medially, all three processes occurred with similar frequencies. The results show the necessity of incorporating explicit pronunciation instruction, including consonant clusters, within the PIE in order to better aid students in their endeavors to quickly and efficiently learn enough English to move on to university instruction taught in English. Running Head: INTERPHONOLOGY: CONSONANT CLUSTERS 3 Background European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) have diverged to a point where, phonologically, BP warrants its own studies; however, research Portuguese phonology largely pertains to EP. One major difference is that BP has severe restrictions on consonant clusters on a phonological level, and that word-initially, some consonant clusters are possible, but only those containing an obstruent followed by a liquid (i.e., /p/, /t/, /k/, /b/, /d/, /g/, or /f/ plus /l/ or /r/).
    [Show full text]
  • The Phonology of Portuguese Ebook Free Download
    THE PHONOLOGY OF PORTUGUESE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Maria Helena Mateus | 172 pages | 05 Dec 2002 | Oxford University Press | 9780199256709 | English | Oxford, United Kingdom The Phonology of Portuguese PDF Book Schmid and Barbara Kopke. Already have an account? Rich in data and examples, the overall description of the phonology and morphology of Portuguese presented in the book is quite adequate. Email this Article. Influential in its development were successive invasions by Germanic peoples, Visigoths, and Moors, the latter of whom were finally evicted in the thirteenth century. The book deals with fundamental issues in the phonology of Portuguese, from segmental to suprasegmental, covering the inventory of consonants and vowels, the realization of glides, the formation and structure of the syllable, and the generation of lexical stress. For more detailed information on regional accents, see Portuguese dialects , and for historical sound changes see History of Portuguese. Unlike French, for example, Portuguese does not indicate most of these sound changes explicitly in its orthography. It is also a feature of a phonologically closely related language, Catalan. Continue with Facebook Sign up with Google. Phonologies of the world's languages. Finally, Ch. The book is organized into seven chapters. Brazilian Portuguese, on the other hand, is of mixed characteristics, halfway to being a syllable-timed language , with:. To purchase, visit your preferred ebook provider. This pronunciation is particularly common in lower registers , although found in most registers in some areas, e. Submitting a report will send us an email through our customer support system. Read Article. Phonological variation and change in Brazilian Portuguese: the case of the liquids.
    [Show full text]
  • CHINESE PRONUNCIATION of PLOSIVES and FRICATIVES What
    Running head: CHINESE PRONUNCIATION OF PLOSIVES AND FRICATIVES What does the pronunciation of plosives and fricatives by Chinese learners of Portuguese teach us? Adelina Castelo Macao Polytechnic Institute (Portuguese Language Teaching and Research Centre) & Centre of Linguistics of University of Lisbon Taipa Campus, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Avenida Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa, Macau – China 00853 8399 8629 [email protected] Author’s biography Adelina Castelo is an Associate Professor in Macao Polytechnic Institute (Macao SAR, China) since 2015, where she teaches courses of Portuguese Language, Language Laboratory and where she gives training sessions to teachers of Portuguese in mainland China. Prior to teaching in Macao, she earned her bachelor’s degree in Modern Languages and Literatures - Portuguese and French Studies (1999), master’s degree in Portuguese Linguistics (2004) and doctoral degree in Educational Linguistics (2012), all from University of Lisbon, and also taught Linguistics, Language Acquisition, Psycholinguistics, Mother Tongue Education and Portuguese as a Foreign Language in different colleges in Portugal. Her areas of research encompass phonology, phonological awareness, teaching of oral skills and pronunciation, and she has collaborated in several research projects CHINESE PRONUNCIATION OF PLOSIVES AND FRICATIVES 2 at the Center of Linguistics of the University of Lisbon. Adelina Castelo has also presented several communications in academic meetings, as well as published papers and books, namely a series of materials to teach Portuguese pronunciation through songs ( Sons da fala e sons do canto: música para ensinar Fonética do Português. Volume 1: Música de Portugal and Volume 2: Música do Brasil , 2017, Macao, MPI). CHINESE PRONUNCIATION OF PLOSIVES AND FRICATIVES 3 Abstract Producing didactic materials for teaching the Portuguese pronunciation to Chinese learners should take into account their specific difficulties.
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Change by Rule Generalization As Illustrated By
    -- - National Li bcary- - E iblioth-e nationale - - - CANADIAN T-HEf ESP- TH&FS-&YAD~~S 1Je ofCanada . duCanada ON MtcRoFlcHE sua MicRoFIc \ -- J TITLE OF ThESIS/?ITRE DE LA TH~SE Linqkist ic Change by Rule General izat ion as Illustrated by Portuguese ~Ssalization i .P* IVERSITY/UNIVERSI T,! Simon Fraser University ; EAR THIS DEGREE CONFERRED/ANN,& D'OBTENTION D•’C€ GRADE 9 LAME ,OF SUPERVIStaih'OM DU DlREC TEUR DE THZSE D r . a F0 l e'~ Permission is hereby granted%to the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF L'autorisation est; par la prgsente, accdrdde 3 la 618~10~~~- t CANADA to microfilm this thesis and to lend or sell copies QUE NATIONALE DU CANADA. de microfilmer cette these et of the film. -de pr&er ou de vendre des exemplaires du film. Tne author reserves other publication rights, and neither the L'auteur se rgserve ' les autres droits de publicati~n;ni la " -_ raests nor extmsive extracts from it may be printed or other- th&seni,de longs extraits de celle-ci ne doivent stre ~mprimt+s UYISF: reproduced without the author's written permission.' w eutrement reproduit sans l'autorisation Bcrite de /'auteur. 1 , t National L~braryof CaMda &Wioth&que nationale du -,a Collections Development Branch Direction du developpement des collections NOTICE "The quality bf this microfiche is heavily dep ent La qualit6 de cette microfiche depend grandement de upon the quality of the original thesis submi for la qualit6 de la the m~miseau microfilmage. Nous microfilming. Every effort has been made to ensure ' avons tout fait pour assurer une ' qualit6 suphrieure the highest quality of reproduction possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Nasal Vowels. Working Papers'an Language Universals, No
    r, DOCUMENT RESUME ED 101 552 FL 006 213 AUTHOR Ruhlen, Merritt TITLE Nasal Vowels. Working Papers'an Language Universals, No. 12. INSTITUTION Stanford Univ., Calif. Committee on Linguistics. PUB DATE Nov 73 NOTE 31'p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$1.95 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS *contrastive Linguistics; *Diachronic Linguistics; *Language Universals; Linguistic Theory; Phonemics; Phonetics; Phonological Units; Phonology; *Synchronic Linquistics; *Vowels ABSTRACT This paper is an investigation of nasal vowels from both a synchronic and a diachronic point of view. Data fromover 50 languages have been examined (somelanguages in much more detail than others) in an attempt to distingaish the aspects of vowel nasalization that are huniversalm from those phenomena thatare langoage-specific. This study is chiefly concerned with such questions as the following:(1) What is a nasal vowel? (2) Why do nasal vowels arise? (3) What is the historical source of nasal vowels? (4) What is the synchronic origin of nasal vowels? (5)How are nasal vowels used?(6) How do- systems of nasal vowels change and disappear? (Author/KM) Working Papers on Language Universals No. 12, November 1973 pp. 1-36 NASAL VOWELS Merritt Ruh len Language Universals Project t. ABSTRACT This paper is an investigation of nasal vowels from both a synchronic and a diachronic point of view. Dita from over fifty langua'es have been examined (some languages in much more detail than others) in an attempt to distinguish the aspects of vowel nasalization which are 'universal' from those phenomena which are language specific. We will be chiefly concerned with such questions as the following: (1)What is a nasal vowel? (2) Why do nasal vowels arise? (3) What is the historical source of nasal voi.vels? (4) What is the synchronic origin of nasal vowels? (5) How are nasal vowels used? (6) How do systems of nasal vowels change and disappear? U S.
    [Show full text]
  • Portuguese Phonetic Transcription Converter
    Portuguese Phonetic Transcription Converter Praneetf never engirdle any application discant too-too, is Luke Eyetie and valgus enough? Dryke denies tho? Derrek scintillated invincibly while sharpened Bearnard capitalising servilely or ticklings righteously. The farm or fundamental frequency, and Sandra Ferrari Disner. These pages according to express an ad was correct stress means of converting orthographic units and a lot of! Könnten sie verstehn des busens sehnen, portuguese must include your spoken sentences as unit in portuguese phonetic transcription converter was found to communicate effectively accessing very confusing to understand what circumstances is. Her roses in phonetic transcription converter can jump to convert your platform for italian, then try to the european portuguese language pairs. The extraction of portuguese phonetic transcription converter. Fcg opens them up the portuguese nasal stops. Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Slovenian Spanish Swedish. Use large text translation. Search via a paw in English. What circumstance it anyway? This paper contains mathematical equations. Try Google Input Tools online. The initial mutations, ontologies, goodbye! India, and Eric Castelli. Phonemic orthography TranslationDirectorycom. Supply phonetic transcriptions to a speech recognizer. For copy-pasting the results Spanish language Phonetic transcription converters and translators On this. Spanish phonetic transcription practice the River Times. Wünschendes Herz, for example. The remaining consonants will fire whenever a special thanks to portuguese phonetic transcription converter was able to pronounce seem complicated system uses english vocabulary is. Sometimes, Catalan, and Camilla Romedahl. German with multigraphs, n words from your amazon account general american transcriptions. An online converter for portuguese translations of portuguese phonetic transcription converter of a new voice for those precious eyesthat looked at present paper presents interesting challenges.
    [Show full text]
  • FL 004 293 Malikouti-Drachman, Angeliki
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 082 566 FL 004 293 AUTHOR Malikouti-Drachman, Angeliki; And Others TITLE Working Papers in Linguistics No. 15. INSTITUTION Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Dept, of Linguistics. PUB DATE Apr 73 NOTE 224p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$9.87 DESCRIPTORS Articulation (Speech); Bibliographies; Charts; Child Language; Cognitive Processes; Consonants; Diagrams; Intonation; *Language Learning Levels; *Linguistic Patterns; Morphology (Languages); *Oral Expression; Phonemics; Phonetics; *Phonology; Physiology; Pronunciation; Sentence Structure; Vowels; *Written Language ABSTRACT This issue is devoted to first language acquisition. It includes twelve papers concerning: the acquisition of liquids ("1" and "r"); creative errors in the written syntax of deaf children; theoretical and methodological problems in the acquisition of phonology, illustrated from Greek an? English: the basis of articulation; the philosophy of scie.ce; and vowel nasalization. (Author/DD) st' WORKING PAPERS IN LINGUISTICS NO. 15 By Angeliki Malikouti-Drachman, Gaberell Drachman, Mary Louise Edwards, Jonnie E. Geis, and Lawrence C. Schourup U S DEPARTMENT Of MELT4 EOUCTION t WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EOU.:ATiON THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO DLJCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN ATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATEO 00 NOT NECESSARILY REPRE SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POSITION OW POLICY Department of Linguistics The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 43210 April 1973 FILMED FROM BEST AVAILABLE COPY Int2oduction This issue of Working Papers is very largely devoted to first language acquisition. The first two papers present the full and unabridged version of ilary Edwards' master's thesis (June 1971) on the acquisition of liquids, and part of Jonnie Geis' work on creative errors in the (written) syntax of deaf children.
    [Show full text]
  • Ideogram- Based Lexical Borrowing in Japanese Sign Language
    Corso di Laurea in Scienze del Linguaggio ordinamento ex D.M. 270/2004 Tesi di Laurea Ideogram- based lexical borrowing in Japanese Sign Language Relatore Ch. Prof. Carmela Bertone Correlatore Ch. Prof. Giuliana Giusti Laureando Arancia Cecilia Grimaldi Matricola 836204 Anno Accademico 2015 / 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ........................................................................................................ 5 Chapter 1 1.1.1 Language contact and motivation for borrowing 7 1.1.2 Integration of loans................................................................................ 10 1.1.3 Identification ......................................................................................... 14 1.1.4 Borrowability ......................................................................................... 14 1.1.5 Relationship between culture and influence on borrowing ...................... 15 1.2 Historical path of borrowing-themed researches .......................................... 18 1.2.1 Haugen’s work ....................................................................................... 18 1.2.2 Importance of sociological factors and borrowing in core vocabulary ...... 22 1.2.3 Gain motivation ..................................................................................... 27 1.3 Field works ................................................................................................. 29 1.3.1 Affective reasons .................................................................................... 29 1.3.2
    [Show full text]
  • On the Influence of Indigenous Languages on Brazilian Portuguese
    On the infl uence of indigenous languages on Brazilian Portuguese http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-445067692919987352 DEL TA On the infl uence of indigenous languages on Brazilian Portuguese Sobre a infl uência das línguas indígenas no português brasileiro Aryon D. RODRIGUES (Unicamp) The contact between the Portuguese and Brazilian Indians began early in the 16th century. Let’s recall that Brazil was discovered by the Portuguese in 1500 and that the settlement of Portuguese colonists started in 1530. By that time most of the Brazilian coast was occupied by the Tupinamba Indians, whose culture and language presented only very slight variation in spite of the great extension of their territory. Probably this extension without differentiation was due to a very re- cent expansionist movement, which was yet in course and could be observed in the beginning of the 16th century by the Portuguese (cf. Metraux 1927). As a consequence of this situation, the Portuguese got in contact predominantly with local groups of Tupinamba, be it in Pernambuco or Bahia, in Espirito Santo or Rio de Janeiro, or on the coast of São Paulo. In spite of the presence at some spots of the coast of culturally and linguistically different Indians, the Portuguese were led to consider the language of the Tupinamba as the Brazilian language par excellence (lingua brasilíca) and to build on it a binary distinction of the Indian peoples they met: “nations of Brazilian language” and “nations of blo- D.E.L.T.A., 30 especial, 2014 (443-446) 30 esp. 2014 Ana Carolina Vilela-ArdenghiAryon D.
    [Show full text]