Assessment of Long Distance Water Supply Issues; the Case of GFWSP

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Assessment of Long Distance Water Supply Issues; the Case of GFWSP Addis Ababa University Institute of Technology School of Civil and Environmental Engineering ASSESSMENT OF LONG DISTANCE WATER SUPPLY ISSUES: THE CASE OF GIMBICHU FENTALE WATER SUPPLY PROJECT A Project Submitted to the Addis Ababa University, Institute of Technology, School of Graduate Studies In partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING (the stream of HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING) Kumela Hirpa Milkessa Adviser: Mastewal Teshale May 2017 Assessment of long distance water supply issues: The case of GFWSP AAiT, April 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................ III ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... I LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. I LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................................... II LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... II 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1. BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2. ORGANIZATION OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................ 2 1.3. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM .................................................................................................................... 4 1.4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS ............................................................................................................................... 7 1.5. OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................. 8 1.5.1. General objective of the research .............................................................................................. 8 1.5.2. Specific Objective of the research ............................................................................................. 8 2. LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................... 10 2.1. UNBALANCED WATER SUPPLY WITH DEMAND ........................................................................................... 10 2.1.1. Literatures reviewed on Gimbichu Fentale water supply project – case study for long distance projects ............................................................................................................................................ 11 2.1.2. Water supply and demand implication on long distance water supply projects ......... 16 2.1.3. Basic demand variation for design consideration ............................................................... 19 2.2. UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION OF PRESSURE IN NETWORK ................................................................................. 20 2.2.1. Basic design considerations for pressurized pipes ............................................................ 23 2.3. WATER LOSS AND LEAKAGES ................................................................................................................... 24 2.3.1. Benefits of minimizing water leakage ..................................................................................... 26 2.3.2. Unaccounted for water ................................................................................................................ 27 2.3.3. Infrastructure Leakage Index .................................................................................................... 27 2.3.4. Types of leaks ............................................................................................................................... 28 2.3.5. Assessing the sustainability of the project via management of the system ................ 29 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS ............................................................................... 31 3.1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 31 3.1.1. Reviewing the design document .............................................................................................. 31 3.1.2. Field observation .......................................................................................................................... 32 3.1.3. Interview .......................................................................................................................................... 33 3.1.4. Secondary data collection from websites .............................................................................. 33 3.2. SELECTION OF THE STUDY AREA ............................................................................................................... 34 3.3. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA ........................................................................................................... 34 i Assessment of long distance water supply issues: The case of GFWSP AAiT, April 2017 3.4. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY PROJECT (CASE STUDY) .................................................................................... 36 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ............................................................................. 40 4.1. INTRODUCTION TO EPANET ..................................................................................................................... 40 4.1.1. Hydraulic Modeling Capabilities ............................................................................................... 41 4.2. MODELLING OF GIMBICHU FENTALE WATER SUPPLY PROJECT WITH EPANET 2.0 .............................. 41 4.2.1. Shortage of supply on Gimbichu Fentale Water supply projectt ..................................... 42 4.3. UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION OF PRESSURE IN NETWORK ................................................................................. 46 4.3.1. Friction loss effect on Gimbichu Fentale Water supply project ....................................... 46 4.4. WATER LOSS AND LEAKAGES ................................................................................................................... 49 4.4.1. Unaccounted water of Gimbichu Fentale Water Supply Project ...................................... 49 4.4.2. ILI of Gimbichu Fentale Water Supply Project ...................................................................... 51 4.5. SUSTAINABILITY OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................ 52 4.5.1. Water supply system management of GFWSP ..................................................................... 53 5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS......................................................... 56 5.1. CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................................. 56 5.2. RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................................................. 57 5.2.1. Demand – Supply ......................................................................................................................... 57 5.2.2. Pressure and leakage .................................................................................................................. 58 5.2.3. Sustainability ................................................................................................................................. 59 APPENDIX .................................................................................................................... 60 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 75 ii Assessment of long distance water supply issues: The case of GFWSP AAiT, April 2017 Acknowledgement I take this opportunity to express my sincere appreciation to my project advisor, Mastewal Teshale for his indispensable support and helpful guidance which brought about the realization of this project. I would like to thank Oromia Water, Mineral and Energy Resource Bureau (OWMEB) and Gimbichu Fentale Water project (GFWSP) Board for providing the necessary document and data of the study project. My special thanks to Mr. Abera Lema, GFWSP head and Damma Biyyo, GFWSP achieve and Mr. Mulugeta Milkessa, professional who designed GFWSP. I enjoyed the friendship of my colleagues at AAiT, Surafel, Firomsa, Ebsa and others. Beyond this; Endalkachew Asfaw, I can’t forget your support in doing you best to finalize this paper. I wish to express my heartfelt gratitude to my wife, Sis. Woinishet Kebede and my sweet baby son Moti Kumela, 5 and Daughter Jitu, 2, for their support and encouragement during my study. I finally give glory, honor and praise to God Almighty whose love; sustenance, care and protection have made it possible for me to be healthy and alive. I am personally responsible for all errors that might be found in this work. Kumela Hirpa Milkessa iii Assessment of long distance water supply issues: The case of GFWSP AAiT, April 2017 Abstract This project assesses the issues on long distance water supply systems with the case
Recommended publications
  • Household Responses to Drought in Fentale Pastoral Woreda of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
    Household Responses to Drought in Fentale Pastoral Woreda of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia Abera Bekele Department of Development Studies Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Aklilu Amsalu Associate Professor of Development Studies Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia ABSTRACT Fentale pastoralists have been undertaking a set of responses to mitigate the adverse effects of the present day severe recurrent drought on the livelihood sources of the households. This study was conducted to investigate responses that are undertaken to drought by households in Fentale pastoral Woreda of Oromia Regional State in Ethiopia. A household survey was conducted with 134 households complemented by interviews with informants and with in-depth focus group discussion. The results indicate that households have developed various response mechanisms to deal with the challenges of the severe droughts through pastoral and non pastoral activities. An extent of household responses towards both pastoral and non pastoral activities are varied, in which the household characteristics, specifically, wealth in terms of livestock holding is the decisive factors for the engagement of the household in any one or more of a set of productive activities/response mechanisms. The extent of households' mobility and herd diversification has increased. In addition, households have started to partly practice crop cultivation. Other non-pastoral activities such as agriculture, daily labour, petty trade, fuel wood collection and charcoal selling contributed to about 35% of the total household income. Keywords: Climate change, Drought, pastoral, agro-pastoral, Fentale Woreda INTRODUCTION Pastoralism is a rational, adaptable, tried and tested animal production system uniquely suited to the dry lands. Pastoralism occupies a quarter of the world area, which is predominantly arid and semi-arid.
    [Show full text]
  • Afar: Insecurity and Delayed Rains Threaten Livestock and People
    EMERGENCIES UNIT FOR UNITED NATIONS ETHIOPIA (UN-EUE) Afar: insecurity and delayed rains threaten livestock and people Assessment Mission: 29 May – 8 June 2002 François Piguet, Field Officer, UN-Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia 1 Introduction and background 1.1 Animals are now dying The Objectives of the mission were to assess the situation in the Afar Region following recent clashes between Afar and Issa and Oromo pastoralists, and focus on security and livestock movement restrictions, wate r and environmental issues, the marketing of livestock as well as “chronic” humanitarian issues. Special attention has been given to all southern parts of Afar region affected by recent ethnic conflicts and erratic small rains, which initiated early pastoralists movements in zone 3 & 5. The assessment also took into account various food security issues, including milk availability while also looking at limited water resources in Eli Daar woreda (Zone 1), where particularly remote kebeles1 suffer from water shortage. High concentrations of animals have been noticed in several locations of Afar region during the current dry season. The most important reason for the present humanitarian emergency crisis in parts of Afar Region and surroundings are the various ethnic conflicts among the Issa, the Kereyu, the Afar and the Ittu. These Dead camel in Doho, Awash-Fantale (photo Francois Piguet conflicts forced pastoralists to change UN-EUE, July 2002 their usual migration patterns and most importantly were denied access to either traditional water points and wells or grazing areas or both together. On top of this rather complex and confuse conflict situation, rains have now been delayed by more than two weeks most likely all over Afar Region and is now causing livestock deaths.
    [Show full text]
  • Oromia Region Administrative Map(As of 27 March 2013)
    ETHIOPIA: Oromia Region Administrative Map (as of 27 March 2013) Amhara Gundo Meskel ! Amuru Dera Kelo ! Agemsa BENISHANGUL ! Jangir Ibantu ! ! Filikilik Hidabu GUMUZ Kiremu ! ! Wara AMHARA Haro ! Obera Jarte Gosha Dire ! ! Abote ! Tsiyon Jars!o ! Ejere Limu Ayana ! Kiremu Alibo ! Jardega Hose Tulu Miki Haro ! ! Kokofe Ababo Mana Mendi ! Gebre ! Gida ! Guracha ! ! Degem AFAR ! Gelila SomHbo oro Abay ! ! Sibu Kiltu Kewo Kere ! Biriti Degem DIRE DAWA Ayana ! ! Fiche Benguwa Chomen Dobi Abuna Ali ! K! ara ! Kuyu Debre Tsige ! Toba Guduru Dedu ! Doro ! ! Achane G/Be!ret Minare Debre ! Mendida Shambu Daleti ! Libanos Weberi Abe Chulute! Jemo ! Abichuna Kombolcha West Limu Hor!o ! Meta Yaya Gota Dongoro Kombolcha Ginde Kachisi Lefo ! Muke Turi Melka Chinaksen ! Gne'a ! N!ejo Fincha!-a Kembolcha R!obi ! Adda Gulele Rafu Jarso ! ! ! Wuchale ! Nopa ! Beret Mekoda Muger ! ! Wellega Nejo ! Goro Kulubi ! ! Funyan Debeka Boji Shikute Berga Jida ! Kombolcha Kober Guto Guduru ! !Duber Water Kersa Haro Jarso ! ! Debra ! ! Bira Gudetu ! Bila Seyo Chobi Kembibit Gutu Che!lenko ! ! Welenkombi Gorfo ! ! Begi Jarso Dirmeji Gida Bila Jimma ! Ketket Mulo ! Kersa Maya Bila Gola ! ! ! Sheno ! Kobo Alem Kondole ! ! Bicho ! Deder Gursum Muklemi Hena Sibu ! Chancho Wenoda ! Mieso Doba Kurfa Maya Beg!i Deboko ! Rare Mida ! Goja Shino Inchini Sululta Aleltu Babile Jimma Mulo ! Meta Guliso Golo Sire Hunde! Deder Chele ! Tobi Lalo ! Mekenejo Bitile ! Kegn Aleltu ! Tulo ! Harawacha ! ! ! ! Rob G! obu Genete ! Ifata Jeldu Lafto Girawa ! Gawo Inango ! Sendafa Mieso Hirna
    [Show full text]
  • Administrative Region, Zone and Woreda Map of Oromia a M Tigray a Afar M H U Amhara a Uz N M
    35°0'0"E 40°0'0"E Administrative Region, Zone and Woreda Map of Oromia A m Tigray A Afar m h u Amhara a uz N m Dera u N u u G " / m r B u l t Dire Dawa " r a e 0 g G n Hareri 0 ' r u u Addis Ababa ' n i H a 0 Gambela m s Somali 0 ° b a K Oromia Ü a I ° o A Hidabu 0 u Wara o r a n SNNPR 0 h a b s o a 1 u r Abote r z 1 d Jarte a Jarso a b s a b i m J i i L i b K Jardega e r L S u G i g n o G A a e m e r b r a u / K e t m uyu D b e n i u l u o Abay B M G i Ginde e a r n L e o e D l o Chomen e M K Beret a a Abe r s Chinaksen B H e t h Yaya Abichuna Gne'a r a c Nejo Dongoro t u Kombolcha a o Gulele R W Gudetu Kondole b Jimma Genete ru J u Adda a a Boji Dirmeji a d o Jida Goro Gutu i Jarso t Gu J o Kembibit b a g B d e Berga l Kersa Bila Seyo e i l t S d D e a i l u u r b Gursum G i e M Haro Maya B b u B o Boji Chekorsa a l d Lalo Asabi g Jimma Rare Mida M Aleltu a D G e e i o u e u Kurfa Chele t r i r Mieso m s Kegn r Gobu Seyo Ifata A f o F a S Ayira Guliso e Tulo b u S e G j a e i S n Gawo Kebe h i a r a Bako F o d G a l e i r y E l i Ambo i Chiro Zuria r Wayu e e e i l d Gaji Tibe d lm a a s Diga e Toke n Jimma Horo Zuria s e Dale Wabera n a w Tuka B Haru h e N Gimbichu t Kutaye e Yubdo W B Chwaka C a Goba Koricha a Leka a Gidami Boneya Boshe D M A Dale Sadi l Gemechis J I e Sayo Nole Dulecha lu k Nole Kaba i Tikur Alem o l D Lalo Kile Wama Hagalo o b r Yama Logi Welel Akaki a a a Enchini i Dawo ' b Meko n Gena e U Anchar a Midega Tola h a G Dabo a t t M Babile o Jimma Nunu c W e H l d m i K S i s a Kersana o f Hana Arjo D n Becho A o t
    [Show full text]
  • ETHIOPIA Humanitarian Access Situation Report October - December 2019
    ETHIOPIA Humanitarian Access Situation Report October - December 2019 This report is produced by OCHA Ethiopia in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It covers the period October - December 2019. The next report will be issued on March 2020. OVERVIEW ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Key figures ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! • The operational environment to relief opera- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tigray ! ! ! ! ! Access incidents reported ! ! 259 ! ! ! ! ! ! Western ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! tions in Ethiopia remained permissive through ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1 Aid worker killed ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! North! Gondar ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! the reporting period. ! ! ! ! ! ! Aid workers injured ! ! ! ! ! ! 2 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Wag! Hamra ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Central Gondar ! Southern ! ! ! ! ! ! West Gondar ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Zone 4 (Fantana Rasu) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Afar ! ! ! ! ! North Wello! ! No. of incidents by woreda ! ! ! ! • Localized armed confrontations, ethnic vio- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! South Gondar ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Amhara ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! lence, intra-community/ clan tensions, and so- ! ! ! ! !
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia Administrative Map As of 2013
    (as of 27 March 2013) ETHIOPIA:Administrative Map R E Legend E R I T R E A North D Western \( Erob \ Tahtay Laelay National Capital Mereb Ahferom Gulomekeda Adiyabo Adiyabo Leke Central Ganta S Dalul P Afeshum Saesie Tahtay Laelay Adwa E P Tahtay Tsaedaemba Regional Capital Kafta Maychew Maychew Koraro Humera Asgede Werei Eastern A Leke Hawzen Tsimbila Medebay Koneba Zana Kelete Berahle Western Atsbi International Boundary Welkait Awelallo Naeder Tigray Wenberta Tselemti Adet Kola Degua Tsegede Temben Mekele Temben P Zone 2 Undetermined Boundary Addi Tselemt Tanqua Afdera Abergele Enderta Arekay Ab Ala Tsegede Beyeda Mirab Armacho Debark Hintalo Abergele Saharti Erebti Regional Boundary Wejirat Tach Samre Megale Bidu Armacho Dabat Janamora Alaje Lay Sahla Zonal Boundary Armacho Wegera Southern Ziquala Metema Sekota Endamehoni Raya S U D A N North Wag Azebo Chilga Yalo Amhara East Ofla Teru Woreda Boundary Gonder West Belesa Himra Kurri Gonder Dehana Dembia Belesa Zuria Gaz Alamata Zone 4 Quara Gibla Elidar Takusa I Libo Ebenat Gulina Lake Kemkem Bugna Kobo Awra Afar T Lake Tana Lasta Gidan (Ayna) Zone 1 0 50 100 200 km Alfa Ewa U Fogera North Farta Lay Semera ¹ Meket Guba Lafto Semen Gayint Wollo P O Dubti Jawi Achefer Bahir Dar East Tach Wadla Habru Chifra B G U L F O F A D E N Delanta Aysaita Creation date:27 Mar.2013 P Dera Esite Gayint I Debub Bahirdar Ambasel Dawunt Worebabu Map Doc Name:21_ADM_000_ETH_032713_A0 Achefer Zuria West Thehulederie J Dangura Simada Tenta Sources:CSA (2007 population census purpose) and Field Pawe Mecha
    [Show full text]
  • Geochemistry of Dofan-Fentale Geothermal Prospec
    GEOCHEMISTRY OF DOFAN-FENTALE GEOTHERMAL PROSPEC Geological Survey Of Ethiopia Hydrogeology Engineering geology and geothermal Department Asfaw Teclu P.O.Box 40069 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia a [email protected] Keywords: Ethiopia, Rift Valley, thermal waters, stable isotopes, water chemistry. ABSTRACT Dofan-Fantale geothermal prospect is one of the geothermal fields in Ethiopia that w recommended for further study by UNDP (1973). Currently detailed geological, geochemical a geophysical studies are going on. Dofan-Fantale area is located in the Southern Afar Region, Ethiopian Rift Valley, which is about 200km NE of the capital, Addis Ababa. Twenty-eight wa samples from thermal springs, boreholes, lakes, rivers, and dug wells were collected in the a under study. Water chemistry suggests the existence of NaHC03, CaRC03 and NalClRC03 wa types. The reservoir temperature as indicated from the geothermometry results of Rabilo spring (Sp-4) is close to -250°C. Water - mineral equilibria study has shown that most of t common geothermal minerals are over saturated at .... 100Co at atmospheric pressure. Howev they are found to be in equilibrium with the reservoir rock at a temperature of -250°C at dep The 02H versus 0180 plot has revealed .. 180 - shife of 1.4 %0 for Habilo thermal feature (Sp­ which might indicate higher water-rock interaction than the other hot springs. 1. INTRODUCTION The Dofan-Fantale geothermal prospect is located in the Ethiopian Rift Valley where the Rift starts funneling into the Afar triangle, which is in the north western part of the Southern Afar geothermal area, about 200 km to the north east of Addis Ababa (figure 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia Access Snapshot - Afar Region and Siti Zone, Somali Region As of 31 January 2020
    Ethiopia Access Snapshot - Afar region and Siti zone, Somali region As of 31 January 2020 Afar region is highly prone to natural disasters Afdera The operating environment is highly compromised, with a high such as droughts and seasonal flooding. Long-- risk for humanitarian operations of becoming politicized. In ErebtiDalol Zone 2 term historical grievances coupled with Bidu March 2019, four aid workers were detained by Afar authorities TIGRAY resource-based tensions between ethnic Afar for having allegedly entered the region illegally. They were KunnebaBerahile and its neighbors i.e. Issa (Somali), and Oromo Megale conducting a humanitarian activity in Sitti zone, and decided to Teru Ittu (Amibara woreda) and Karayu (Awash Fentale woreda) in ERITREA overnight in a village of Undufo kebele. In a separate incident, in Yalo AFAR Kurri Red Sea October 2019, an attack by unidentified armed men in Afambo zone 3, and in areas adjacent to Oromia special zone and Amhara- Afdera Robe Town Aso s a Ethnic Somali IDPZone 2016/2018 4 Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Elidar region, continue to cause casualties and forced displacement, Aba 'Ala woreda, Zone 1, near Djibouti, killed a number of civilians spark- Gulina Goba Town limiting partners’ movements and operations. Overall, Ethnican Oromia IDP 2016/2018 L. Afrera Ye'ch'ew ing outrage across the region and prompting peaceful demon- Awra estimated 50,000 people remain displaced, the majority of whom Erebti strations and temporarily road blockages of the Awash highway SNNP Zone 1 Bidu rely almost entirely on assistance provided by host communities. Semera TIGRAYEwa On the other hand, in 2019, the overflow of Awash River and DJIBOUTI Clashes involving Afar and Somali Issa clan continue along Megale Afele Kola flash floods displaced some 3,300 households across six Dubti boundary areas between Afar’s zone 1 and 3 and Sitti zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Use and Management of Protected Areas in Ethiopia: Multiple Stakeholder Analysis of Sustainable Resource Management at Awash National Park
    USE AND MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS IN ETHIOPIA: MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AT AWASH NATIONAL PARK By Solomon Abebe Belay Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Environmental Science) University of South Africa (UNISA) Supervisor: Dr Aklilu Amsalu (April 2014) i Awash Narional Park Declaration I, Solomon Abebe Belay, declare that “Use and Management of Protected Areas in Ethiopia: Multiple Stackholders Analysis of Sustainable Resource Management at Awash National Park” is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references.. _________________________ _____________________ Belay A Solomon Date ii Acknowledgment I wish to acknowledge the following for their invaluable contribution towards my success in the production of this thesis. My heartfelt gratitude goes to Dr Aklilu Amsalu, my supervisor for his support and dedication in guiding me throughout the entire period. This thesis would not have reaches completion without the endless support, advice and encouragement of Dr. Eyualem Abebe and his family. Most importantly I would like to thank all my family and friends especially my children Robel and Saron, who missed out the most during my study leave. I would like to thank the Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority for allowing me to work and move freely in the Park. A very special thanks goes to staff members of Awash National Park for their technical support during data gathering and for providing me with information I requested. I am also indebted to the field work enumerators, GIS expertise, the research participants and the resource persons.
    [Show full text]
  • International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences ISSN : 2348-8069 Research Article
    Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol.Sci. 1(9): (2014): 189–195 International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences ISSN : 2348-8069 www.ijarbs.com Research Article Household Structure and Livelihood Sources of Fishing Community in Lake Ziway, Ethiopia Lemma Abera1, Abebe Getahun2 and Brook Lemma2 1Ziway Fishery Resource Research center, P.O.Box 229, Ziway, Ethiopia. 2Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia *Corresponding author Abstract Household structure and livelihood sources were studied in Eastern Shoa Zone, in Lake Ziway. Lake Ziway is located in central Ethiopia and the lake is drained by Meki River from the west and Katar River from the east; both feeding the lake at rift floor and then outflow to Bulbula River in southwest. Data were collected during July (2013) through to May (2014) using rapid rural appraisals, field observations and in depth interviews through field surveys. The study identified people’s livelihood sources, analyzed household structure and household participation in different commodities was also carried out. The findings indicate that average family size in the three study sites (Site A, B and E) was similar. On the other hand the average family size of study site C and D was very similar which accounts 3 and 3.8 respectively. In all sampling sites male was representing higher proportion and aged between 18 to 60 years of age represented the highest proportion of the fishermen households and accounts 42 to 46%. Fishery, Livestock, Field crops and Horticulture were the major livelihood sources in the study area that engaged by fishermen.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Development in Ethiopia's Pastoral Areas
    2012 Water Development in Ethiopia’s Pastoral Areas A synthesis of existing knowledge and experience Magda Nassef with Mulugeta Belayhun Published in 2012 by Save the Children USA and Overseas Development Institute Contents Copyright © 2012 Save the Children USA Readers are encouraged to quote or reproduce material from this report for their own publications, as long as they are not being sold commercially. As copyright holder Save the Children request due Tables, figures & boxes iv acknowledgement and a copy of the publication. Abbreviations v Acknowledgements vi The research for this publication was co-funded Executive summary vii by the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), working through the Research-inspired Policy and 1 Introduction 1 Practice Learning in Ethiopia (RiPPLE) Programme 1.1 Context and rationale 1 in Ethiopia (2006–2011); Save the Children USA 1.2 Scope and structure 2 (SC-US) working through the Enhanced Livelihoods in Southern Ethiopia/Enhanced Livelihoods in the 2 Pastoralism and water: an introduction 5 Mandera Triangle (ELSE/ELMT) Program (2007–2010); and CARE Ethiopia, working through the Global 2.1 Importance of pastoralism to livelihoods and the economy 5 Water Initiative (GWI). 2.2 The pastoral livelihood strategy 7 2.3 Challenges to pastoralism and the rangelands 8 The editing, design and printing of this publication 2.4 Social organisation and customary institutions for land and water management 8 was made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for 3 ‘External’ water development, 1970s–1991 11 International Development (USAID) under the Cooperative Agreement No 663-A-00-09-00413-00.
    [Show full text]
  • Reviving a Traditional Pasture Management System in Fentale, East Central Ethiopia
    Journal of Ecological Anthropology Volume 13 Issue 1 Volume 13, Issue 1 (2009) Article 4 2009 Reviving a Traditional Pasture Management System in Fentale, East Central Ethiopia Shimelis Beyene University of Nebraska-Lincoln Dafa Gudina ActionAid Ethiopia Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jea Recommended Citation Beyene, Shimelis and Gudina, Dafa. "Reviving a Traditional Pasture Management System in Fentale, East Central Ethiopia." Journal of Ecological Anthropology 13, no. 1 (2009): 57-72. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jea/vol13/iss1/4 This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Anthropology at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Ecological Anthropology by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Vol. 13 No. 1 2009Beyene & Gudina / Traditional Pasture Management 57 Reviving a Traditional Pasture Management System in Fentale, East Central Ethiopia Shimelis Beyene and Dafa Gudina Abstract In this paper, we describe the process of establishing dry season grass reserves, traditionally known as kalo, among Kereyu and Ittu pastoralists of Fentale in the Awash Valley of eastern central Ethiopia. Th e data were primarily collected using qualitative research methods such as key informant interviews, group discussions, fi eld observa- tions, and records of community meetings and non-governmental organization (NGO) project reports. In the last decade and a half, several attempts were made by NGOs and local governments to encourage pastoralists to revive their traditional practices of setting aside grass reserves for seasonal grazing, but only a few such private enclosures were established.
    [Show full text]