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Highways and Byways in Lincolnshire

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Highways and Byways in Lincolnshire HIGHWAYS • kfSTWKm IN i LINCOLNSHIRE ILLUSTRATEDsBY f FREDERIC&i.i<JRIGaS BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF 1891 k.i<\y^.i\ ibfen.'!. 3777 Cornell University Library DA 670.L7R26 Highwaysiwa and byways In Lincolnshire III 3 1924 028 040 727 MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited LONDON . BOMBAY . CALCUTTA MELBOURNE THE MACMILLAN COMPANY NEW YORK . BOSTON . CHICAGO DALLAS . SAN FRANCISCO THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd. TORONTO Cornell University Library The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028040727 V Boston. Highways and Byways IN Lincolnshire BY WILLINGHAM FRANKLIN RAWNSLEY WITH ILLUSTRATIONS BY FREDERICK L. GRIGGS MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON 1914 A Copyright — PREFACE All writers make use of the labours of their predecessors. This is inevitable, and a custom as old as time. As Mr. Rudyard Kipling sings : "When 'Omer smote 'is bloomin' lyre 'E'd 'eard men sing by land and sea, And what 'e thought 'e might require 'E went and took, the same as me." In writing this book I have made use of all the sources that I could lay under contribution, and especially I have relied for help on " Murray's Handbook," edited by the Rev. G. E. Jeans, and the Journals of the associated Architectural Societies. I have recorded in the course of the volume my thanks to a few kind helpers, and to these I must add the name of Mr. A. R. Corns of the Lincoln Library, for his kindness in allowing me the use of many books on various subjects, and on several occasions, which have been of the utmost service to me. My best thanks, also, are due to my cousin, Mr. Preston Rawnsley, for his chapter on the Foxhounds of Lincolnshire. That the book owes much to the pencil of Mr. Griggs is obvious ; his illustrations need no praise of mine but speak for themselves. The drawing given on p. 254 is by Mrs. Rawnsley. " I have perhaps taken the title " Highways and Byways more literally than has usually been done by writers in this interesting series, and in endeavouring to describe the county and its'ways I have followed the course of all the main roads radiating from each large town, noticing most of the places through or near which they pass, and also pointing out some of the more picturesque byways, and describing the lie of the viii PREFACE country. But I have all along supposed the tourist to be travelling by motor, and have accordingly said very little about Footpaths. This in a mountainous country would be entirely wrong, but Lincolnshire as a whole is not a pedestrian's county. It is, however, a land of constantly occurring magni- ficent views, a land of hill as well as plain, and, as I hope the book will show, beyond all others a county teeming with splendid churches. I may add that, thanks to that modem devourer of time and space—the ubiquitous motor car—I have been able personally to visit almost everything I have described, a thing which in so large a county would, without such mercurial aid, have involved a "much longer time for the doing. Even so, no one can be more conscious than I am that the book falls far short of what, with such a theme, was possible. W. F. R. CONTENTS CHAPTER I PAGE INTRODUCTORY I CHAPTER n STAMFORD 7 CHAPTER III STAMFORD TO BOURNE l8 CHAPTER IV ROADS FROM BOURNE 28 CHAPTER V SOUTH-WEST LINCOLNSHIRE ............ 39 CHAPTER VI GRANTHAM 52 CHAPTER VII ROADS FROM GRANTHAM 64 CONTENTS CHAPTER VIII PAGE SLEAFORD 76 CHAPTER IX LINCOLN CATHEDRAL 9I CHAPTER X PAULINUS AND HUGH OF LINCOLN. ......... 112 CHAPTER XI LINCOLN CITY I20 CHAPTER XII ROADS FROM LINCOLN, WEST AND EAST . 137 CHAPTER XIII ROADS SOUTH FROM LINCOLN I4S CHAPTER XIV PLACES OF NOTE NEAR LINCOLN 165 CHAPTER XV HERMITAGES AND HOSPITALS 178 CHAPTER XVI ROADS NORTH FROM LINCOLN l8z CHAPTER XVII GAINSBOROUGH AND THE NORTH-WEST jnc CONTENTS xi CHAPTER XVIII PAGE THE ISLE OF AXHOLME , . 2o8 CHAPTER XIX GRIMSBY AND THE NORTH-EAST. ... ...... 215 CHAPTER XX CAISTOR 228 CHAPTER XXI LOUTH 239 CHAPTER XXII ANGLO-SAXON, NORMAN AND MEDI^BVAL ART ...... 251 CHAPTER XXIII ROADS FROM LOUTH, NORTH AND WEST ........ 262 CHAPTER XXIV LINCOLNSHIRE BYWAYS 278 CHAPTER XXV THE BOLLES FAMILY 28^ CHAPTER XXVI THE MARSH CHURCHES OF EAST LINDSEY 29O CHAPTER XXVII LINCOLNSHIRE FOLK-SONG 296 xii CONTENTS CHAPTER XXVIII PAGE MARSH CHURCHES OF SOUTH LINDSEY 30S CHAPTER XXIX • WAINFLEET TO SPILSBY • 3^3 CHAPTER XXX SPILSBY AND NEIGHBOURHOOD 333 CHAPTER XXXI SOMERSBY AND THE TENNYSONS 343 CHAPTER XXXII ROADS FROM SPILSBY 3S8 CHAPTER XXXIII SCRIVELSBY AND TATTERSHALI 372 CHAPTER XXXIV BARDNEY ABBEY 390 CHAPTER XXXV HOLLAND FEN 4OO CHAPTER XXXVI THE FEN CHURCHES—NORTHERN DIVISION ....... 409 CHAPTER XXXVII ST. BOTOLPH's TOWN (BOSTON) 425 CONTENTS xiii CHAPTER XXXVIII PAGE SPALDIN'G AND THE CHURCHES NOKTH OF IT 44I CHAPTER XXXIX CHURCHES OF HOLLAND .... 463 CH.APTER XL THE BLACK DEATH 4^° CHAPTER XLI CROYLAND 4^3 CHAPTER XLII LINCOLNSHIRE FOXHOUNDS 493 APPENDIX I SAMUEL WESLEY'S EPITAPH • 499 APPENDIX II DR. \VM. STUKELEY 5°° APPENDIX III A LOWLAND PEASANT POET 50I 7 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE BOSTON . _ Frontispiece ST. Leonard's priory, Stamford 8 ST. George's square, stamford lo ST. MARY'S street, STAMFORD II ST. PAUL'S STREET, STAMFORD I3 ST. PETER'S HILL, STAMFORD I5 STAMFORD FROM FREEMAN'S CLOSE 1 BOURNE ABBEY CHURCH 24 THE STATION HOUSE, BOURNE . 26 SEMPRINGHAM 36 THE WITHAM, BOSTON 45 THE ANGEL INN, GRANTHAM 56 GRANTHAM CHURCH 6I WITHAM-SIDE, BOSTON 66 HOUGH-ON-THE-HILL 72 NORTH TRANSEPT, ST. DENIS'S CHURCH, SLEAFORD 78 HECKINGTON CHURCH 81 -: GREAT HALE . 84 HELPRINGHAM 86 SOUTH KYME 88 SOUTH KYME CHURCH 89 NEWPORT ARCH, LINCOLN 92 GATEWAY OF LINCOLN CASTLE 94 THE ROOD TOWER AND SOUTH TRANSEPT, LINCOLN .... ICO POTTERGATE, LINCOLN ...... IIO xvi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE ''° ST. MARY's guild, LINCOLN THE POTTEKGATE ARCH, LINCOLN ^^I THE Jew's house, Lincoln ^^3 REMAINS OF THE WHITEFRIARS' PRIORY, LINCOLN .... I24 ST. Mary's GUILD AND ST. Peter's AT GOWTS, LINCOLN. • 125 - 127 ST. benedict's CHURCH, LINCOLN . ST. MARY-LE-WIGFORD, LINCOLN I28 THE STONEBOW, LINCOLN '3° I32 OLD INLAND REVENUE OFFICE, LINCOLN • JAMES STREET, LINCOLN 133 THORNGATE, LINCOLN 135 LINCOLN FROM THE WITHAM I38 STOW CHURCH I42 BRANT BROUGHTON IS2 THE ERMINE STREET AT TEMPLE BRUER IS4 TEMPLE BRDER TOWER I58 NAVBNBY 163 WYKEHAM CHAPEL, NEAR SPALDING 180 THE AVON AT BARTON-ON-HUMBER l8g - ST. Peter's, barton-on-humber . 190 ST. Mary's, barton-on-humber 192 NORTH SIDE, OLD HALL, GAINSBOROUGH 202 south side, OLD HALL, GAINSBOROUGH 2O3 GAINSBOROUGH CHURCH 205 GREAT GOXHILL PRIORY 2l8 THORNTON ABBEY GATEWAY 220 REMAINS OF CHAPTER HOUSE, THORNTON ABBEY 221 THE WELLAND, NEAR FULNEY, SPALDING 237 THORNTON ABBEY GATEWAY 238 BRIDGE STReEt, LOUTH 24I HUBBARD'S MILL, LOUTH 243 THE LUD AT LOUTH 246 ANCIENT SAXON ORNAMENT FOUND IN 1826 IN CLEANING OUT THE WITHAM, NEAR THE VILLAGE OF FISKERTON, FOUR MILES EAST OF LINCOLN. DRAWN BY MRS. RAWNSLEY . .2154 CLEE CHURCH 266 1 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xvii PAGE WESTGATE, I.OUTH 27? MANBY 279 MABLETHORPE CHURCH 292 SOUTHEND, BOSTON 297 MARKBY CHURCH 306 ADDLETHORPE AND IXGOLDMELLS 308 THE ROMAN BANK AT WINTHORPE 3II BRIDGE OVER THE HOLLOW-GATE 330 HALTON CHURCH 33I SOMERSBY CHURCH 34I TENNYSON'S HOME, SOMERSBY 35I LITTLE STEEPING 357 SIBSEY ... 362 CONINGSBY ... 369 TATTERSHALL AND CONINGSBY .... .,'.... 370 TATTERSHALL CHURCH 37 THE LION GATE AT SCRIVELSBY 373 TATTERSHALL CHURCH AND THE BAIN 381 TATTERSHALL CHURCH AND CASTLE 386 TATTERSHALL CHURCH WINDOWS . 388 SCRIVELSBY STOCKS 389 KIRKSTEAD CHAPEI 39I REMAINS OF KIRKSTEAD ABBEY CHURCH 396 KIRKSTEAD CHAPEL, WEST END 398 DARLOW'S YARD, SI.EAFORD 403 LEAKE CHURCH .... 415 LEVERTON WINDMILL 417 FRIESTON PRIORY CHURCH 418 BOSTON CHURCH FROM THE N.E 42I BOSTON STUMP 424 CUSTOM HOUSE QUAY, BOSTON 427 SOUTH SQUARE, BOSTON 429 SPAIN LANE, BOSTON 431 THE HAVEN, BOSTON 436 THE GUILDHALL, BOSTON 437 HUSSEY's TOWER, BOSTON 439 b xviii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE THE WELLAND AT COWBIT ROAD, SPALDING 44^ THE WELLAND AT HIGH STREET, SPALDING 443 AYSCOUGH FEE HALL GARDENS, SPALDING 445 ' SPALDING CHURCH FROM THE S.E . 447 N. SIDE, SPALDING CHURCH 449 PINCHBECK 4SO SURFLEET 453 SURFLEET WINDMILL 454 THE WELLAND AT MARSH ROAD, SPALDING 458 ALGARKIRK 460 AT FDLNEY 462 WHAPLODE CHURCH 467 FLEET CHURCH 469 GEDNEY CHURCH 471 LONG SUTTON CHURCH 473 GEDNEY, FROM FLEET 482 COWBIT CHURCH ... 484 CROYLAND ABBEY 488 CROYLAND BRIDGE 490 MAP At e7id Volume HIGHWAYS AND BYWAYS IN LINCOLNSHIRE HIGHWAYS AND BYWAYS IN LINCOLNSHIRE CHAPTER I INTRODUCTORY In dealing with a county which measures seventy-five miles by forty-five, it will be best to assume that the tourist has either some form of " cycle " or, better still, a motor car. The rail- way helps one less in this than in most counties, as it naturally runs on the flat and unpicturesque portions, and also skirts the boundaries, and seldom attempts to pierce into the heart of the Wolds. Probably it would not be much good to the tourist if it did, as he would have to spend much of his time in tunnels which always come where there should be most to see, as on the Louth and Lincoln line between Withcal and South Wil- lingham. As it is, the only bit of railway by which a person could gather that Lincolnshire was anything but an ugly county is that between Lincoln and Grantham.
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