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SurSurveyvey on the Advantage Resources for International Cooperation in Pacific Region FinalFinalFinal ReportReportReport JuneJune 201220122012 JapaJapann International Cooperation Agency NaNanseinsnseiei Shoto Industrial Advancement Center Table of Contents Ⅰ Survey Outline 1. Purpose ････････････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 1 2. Survey results ････････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 1 ① Water supply ･･････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 1 ② Resource recycling ･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 3 ③ Electricity and Energy ･･････････････････････････････････････････ 5 ④ Tourism ･････････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 6 Ⅱ Main subject 1. Domestic Study of the Prefecture of Okinawa ････････････････････････････ 8 (1) Brief Overview of Okinawa Prefecture･････････････････････････････････ 8 (2) Resources of Okinawa and the situation towards overseas development･･･ 10 ① Questionnaire Survey ････････････････････････････････････････････ 10 ② Water Supply ･･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 11 ③ Resource recycling ･･･････････････････････････････････････････････ 13 ④ Electricity and Energy ･･････････････････････････････････････････ 19 ⑤ Tourism ････････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 22 2. Overseas survey ･････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 26 2-1. Water Supply (1) Purpose of Survey ･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 27 (2) Survey schedule and members ･･････････････････････････････････････27 (3) Survey result ･･･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 29 2-2. Resource recycling (1) Purpose of survey ･･･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 46 (2) Survey schedule and members ･････････････････････････････････46 (3) Survey result ････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 48 2-3. Electricity and Energy (1) Purpose of Survey ････････････････････････････････････････････････ 68 (2) Survey schedule and members ･･････････････････････････････････68 (3) Survey result ･･･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 69 2-4. Tourism (1) Purpose of Survey ････････････････････････････････････････････････ 84 (2) Survey schedule and members ･･････････････････････････････････84 (3) Survey result ･･･････････････････････････････････････････････････ 86 3. Classification of the projects with the possibility of support towards Oceania (1) Water Supply ･････････････････････････････････････････････････････ 95 (2) Resource recycling ･･････････････････････････････････････････････103 (3) Electricity and Energy ･･････････････････････････････････････････108 (4) Tourism ･･･････････････････････････････････････････････････････････115 (5) Issues towards assistance ･･･････････････････････････････････････････119 Ⅲ Proposal ･････････････････････････････････････････････････････････････････121 ⅠⅠⅠ Outline of the Survey 1. Purpose The purpose of this survey was to collect information on the competitive development experience, knowledge and technology of the Okinawa Prefecture’s local government and partners organizations, local community, human resources such as the private companies, NGO’s which can be utilized to form the future Pacific cooperation projects. Survey fields: Water supply, Resource recycling, Electricity and Energy, Tourism Survey countries: Okinawa Prefecture and Samoa, Tonga, Fiji, Vanuatu 2. Survey results Okinawa is located in the middle of mainland Japan and Southeast Asia, and consists of 160 island spread in a large ocean area. The islands are an area with a rich natural environment, having a mild climate throughout the year, where various animals and plants inhabit and grow, and the coast is surrounded by coral reefs and white sand beaches. The market of Okinawa is small, and separated by sea and far away from the big cities with the large markets, and there are different limitations to the development of various industries compared to mainland Japan. But in Okinawa, the economy and society has steadily improved with social infrastructure development and support to the industry by the government. And with the developed infrastructure and the rich natural environment, unique history and culture, it has become one of the top tourist locations. With the development of the tourism industry the awareness of Okinawa has grown, and that has a spreading effect on other industries such as the food industry. But with the spread of urbanization brought by the various economic activities, the need for water and energy and also the discharge amount of waste has increased, and the water source which is the source of a safe living environment and the tourism resource which is the natural environment was becoming lost. Now with the implement of technologies and knowledge with consideration to the environment, the natural environment is improving The local area development in the developing stage of the economy and society of Okinawa, especially the resources (knowledge and technology) which have overcome the weakness of the island area, can be effectively utilized in the development of the Pacific island nations with similar geographical and climate conditions to Okinawa, and the developing countries in other areas. Also, in the development stage of the Okinawa economy, we have had experienced the same difficulties as the Pacific island nations in water, energy and waste treatment. The social climate and character of the people are also similar to Okinawa. This is an important element in building the relationship and giving support to the Pacific island nations, which is a competitive point that Okinawa has compared to the other parts of mainland Japan. With this background, we have conducted a survey in the fields of the social infrastructure of water, energy and waste treatment which have greatly contributed to the development of Okinawa, and tourism which has developed based on these social infrastructures. ①Water supply Regardless of the country or area, water supply is a social infrastructure essential for the improvement of public health and living environment, and it is necessary to build a sustainable water supply system within the natural, social and local conditions of that country or area. 1 In the Pacific island nations, there is a natural and economical weakness because it is an island. In the field of water supply, with the help of the other nations including Japan, the spread of water supply and improvement of the facilities has been improved, but there are still many issues. In the development of water supply in Okinawa, the experience and knowledge related to water supply (provision of service) accumulated in the local government, and the technology for design and works, installment and repair of equipment accumulated in the private companies, have a high possibility to effectively contribute as an individual technology to support against the issues of the Oceanic nation states which face a similar geographical and climate condition. Also in the future, there is a possibility for a comprehensive and progressive support and technology transfer from the water source to water supply tap taking into consideration the local characteristics of each Pacific nation state, and by utilizing the experience and knowledge of the facility planning to management for the total water supply system by utilizing the various water sources and purification facilities by both the public and private cooperation of all Okinawa. Resources of Okinawa（Water Supply） Water Resource Water facility Management and Society ●Issues facing the Pacific island nations ○Scarce water resources ○Inadequate water purification ○Inadequate water rate ・Limited water source management structure ・Freshwater lens（Salination ・Turbidity management ○Flat rate for those without risk） ・Chlorine management meters ・Seasonal fluctuation（Water ○Unprocessed and unsterilized ○Increase of water demand due shortage in the dry season） supply of water to economical activities and ○Contamination of water ○Inadequate intake and supply improvement of living source management standards ・Urban development ○Many leakage and non ○Reduction of trust in the water ・Change of life style revenue water supply ・ ・Population increase ・Leakage by the aging of the Dissatisfaction with water pipe quality (turbidity, non ・Inexperience in installment sterilization, high hardness etc.) technology ・Dissatisfaction with water ・Low rate of water meter amount(water stoppage, low installment water pressure etc) ・Theft of water ・Dissatisfaction with the rates ・Inadequate meter reading (unfair rate collection etc) ○Inadequate water supply ○Increase of costs management ・Crude oil (fuel costs) increase ・Low output in highlands etc. (reduced water pressure, no water output) ●Possible cooperation resources of Okinawa 1) Short term support ※Support on technical cooperation (training) ○Improvement on loss of water ○Experience and knowledge in ○Raising the consciouness and (measures against leakage) the management of the development of human resources ○Moving towards a water Ecological Purification method for water supply business conservation society (slow sand filter method) management （Promotion of the use of rain ○Technology and knowledge of ・Measures against non revenue water for general service leakage search and leakage water (proper rate collection) water） repairs ○ Experience of promotion ○Experience on the ○ Technology and knowledge of activities towards the conservation restrictions of the water supply control improvement of water water sources（Miyakojima

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