George Creel Miscellaneous Papers
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George Creel Papers [Finding Aid]. Library of Congress
George Creel Papers A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress Prepared by Katherine E. Brand and David Mathisen Revised and expanded by Sherralyn McCoy Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2002 Contact information: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact Finding aid encoded by Library of Congress Manuscript Division, 2010 Finding aid URL: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms010162 Collection Summary Title: George Creel Papers Span Dates: 1857-1953 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1896-1953) ID No.: MSS17210 Creator: Creel, George, 1876-1953 Extent: 500 items; 8 containers plus 22 oversize; 9.2 linear feet Language: Collection material in English Repository: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Abstract: Author, editor, and government official. Scrapbooks and bound volumes of writings by and about Creel form the bulk of the collection. Includes correspondence, notes, speeches, lectures, book reviews, and campaign material. A series on Woodrow Wilson and the United States Committee on Public Information contains correspondence with Wilson as well as his corrections of drafts of Creel's cables, letters, speeches, and other writings relating to the Wilson administration during World War I and subsequent peace negotiations. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. People Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965. Bates, Blanche, 1873-1941. Bean, Walton. Walton Bean doctoral dissertation. 1941. Bolling, Randolph. Byrd, Harry Flood, 1887-1966. -
George Creel and the Committee on Public Information 1917-1918 Chloe Maxwell Harding University, [email protected]
Tenor of Our Times Volume 4 Article 8 Spring 2015 George Creel and the Committee on Public Information 1917-1918 Chloe Maxwell Harding University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.harding.edu/tenor Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Maxwell, Chloe (Spring 2015) "George Creel and the Committee on Public Information 1917-1918," Tenor of Our Times: Vol. 4, Article 8. Available at: https://scholarworks.harding.edu/tenor/vol4/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts & Humanities at Scholar Works at Harding. It has been accepted for inclusion in Tenor of Our Times by an authorized editor of Scholar Works at Harding. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GEORGE CREEL AND THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC INFORMATION 1917-1918 By Chloe Maxwell In September of 1916, a relatively unknown Kansas City journalist published a short book titled Wilson and the Issues.1 The short book, only 167 pages in length, was released deliberately in line with President Woodrow Wilson’s reelection. Within these pages, author George Creel systematically defends Wilson and his first term as president. Creel discusses events such as the German occupation of Belgium, the sinking of the Lusitania, and Wilson’s neutrality.2 Those familiar with Creel’s work called him a professional “muckraker” and an outspoken supporter of the Progressive agenda.3 Before war broke out in Europe, Creel advocated for child labor reforms, woman’s suffrage, and direct democracy. Over the course of World War 1, George Creel created an unprecedented propaganda machine that unified the United States behind the war. -
Propaganda As Public Relations Antecedent: the Complex Legacy of the Creel Committee Christopher J
PAPER 1B3 – CHRISTOPHER J. MCCOLLOUGH PROCEEDINGS OF ARMISTICE & AFTERMATH: A MICHIGAN TECH SYMPOSIUM ON WWI • SEPT. 28-29 2018 Propaganda as Public Relations Antecedent: The Complex Legacy of the Creel Committee Christopher J. McCollough Columbus State University Wars are not won on battlefields alone. Logistics, strategy, resources, force strength, and technology have all played critical roles in determining outcomes in major conflicts throughout history. Yet, there are still two related factors that have much to say about the outcome of major conflicts: propaganda efforts to sell the war effort to the nation states that are a part of the conflict and its impact on public opinion around the participation of those nation states among its citizenry. History offers us some prominent examples that reinforce this point, and they consistently revolve around the ability of parties involved in the conflict to effectively leverage contemporary communication outlets to effective ends in order to shape and manage public opinion. Walter Lippmann’s iconic Public Opinion (1922) provides his perspective as a newsman and as a member of Woodrow Wilson’s collection of journalists, advertisers, early public relations practitioners, and education philosophers who worked from the United States’ involvement in World War I in April of 1917 through the effort to promote the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations. He warns of the potential for manipulation of information to cultivate and maintain support for military and political action, and the need for objectivity in journalism and a refined study of public opinion to counter its effects. The father of modern public relations, Edward Bernays, offered two texts on the subject of propaganda and its effectiveness in shaping public opinion on behalf of organizations. -
American Jewish Historical Quarterly
m s h.׳.־vis•1,^ 1 VliTAU*® American Jewish Historical Quarterly Publication of the American Jewish Historical Society SPECIAL BICENTENNIAL ISSUE AMERICAN JEWS AND THE LABOR MOVEMENT VOLUME LXV MARCH, 1976 NUMBER 3 $15.00 A Year Single Number $4.00 THE AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE Blaustein library OBJECTS The objects of this Society shall be the collection, preser- vation, exhibition, publication and popularization of mate- rial of every kind having reference to the settlement, history and life of Jews on the American continent, and the promo- tion and encouragement of research in, and the study of, Jewish history in general, and particularly in its relation to American Jewish history, and in connection with the causes and nature of Jewish emigration from various parts of the world to this continent. Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to Nathan M. Kaganoff, Editor, American Jewish Histor- ical Society, 2 Thornton Road, Waltham, Massachusetts 02154. The American Jewish Historical Quarterly is published in September, December, March and June by the American Jewish Historical Society. Annual membership dues which include subscription to the Quarterly are $25.00 per year. Application for membership and inquiries covering the various types of membership available should be directed to Bernard Wax, Director, American Jewish Historical Society. Second class postage paid at Boston, Mass and additional mailing offices. The American Jewish Historical Society disclaims responsibility for statements of fact or of opinion made by contributors. Articles in the American Jewish Historical Quarterly are abstracted regularly in Historical Abstracts and in America: History and Life, publications of the American Bibliographical Center of Santa Barbara, California, and in Current Contents, published by the Institute for Scientific Information of Philadelphia. -
Revisiting the Origins of Communication Research: Walter Lippmann’S World War II Adventure in Propaganda and Psychological Warfare
International Journal of Communication 11(2017), 3721–3739 1932–8036/20170005 Revisiting the Origins of Communication Research: Walter Lippmann’s World War II Adventure in Propaganda and Psychological Warfare DOMINIQUE TRUDEL1 Concordia University, Canada Based on a close study of Walter Lippmann’s correspondence and publications, this article aims to critically reconsider his legacy in the field of communication. To this end, I focus on Lippmann’s involvement in propaganda and psychological warfare activities during the Second World War. Following a succinct overview of the history of the psychological warfare and propaganda agencies, I successively explore three different aspects of Lippmann’s involvement. First, this article examines Lippmann’s contribution to the activities of the Committee for National Morale. Second, the article focuses on the relationship between Lippmann and William “Wild Bill” Donovan, the director of the Office of the Coordinator of Information and the Office of Strategic Services. Third, the article turns to the relationship between Lippmann and Assistant Secretary of War John J. McCloy, and explores Lippmann’s role in the War Department’s Psychological Warfare Branch. Keywords: communication research history, propaganda, psychological warfare, Second World War Ex-Soviet agent Alexander Vassiliev, who was temporarily granted access to the KGB archives in the mid-1990s, recently revealed some interesting details about Soviet espionage activities in the United States during the Second World War. According to Vassiliev, Walter Lippmann, the famous columnist and communication research pioneer, was an important target for Soviet spies. They recruited his own secretary, Mary Price, as an agent (Haynes, Klehr, & Vassiliev, 2009). In November 1941, Price reported to her Soviet handlers that Lippmann was cutting short his newspaper articles and giving more of his time to secret meetings with government officials. -
Arthur Bullard and American Propaganda in Russia
Essays – peer-reviewed USAbroad – Journal of American History and Politics. Vol. 2 (2019) https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2611-2752/8549 ISSN 2611-2752 Exporting Americanism: Arthur Bullard and American Propaganda in Russia Stefano Livi Submitted: September 13, 2018 – Revised version: November 30, 2018; January 25, 2019 Accepted: January 28, 2019 – Published: March 1, 2019 Abstract The essay provides a broader understanding of American propaganda abroad during World War I and its aftermath by analyzing the role of the Committee on Public Information in revolutionary Russia through one of its directors, Arthur Bullard. While the main goal of the CPI was to keep Russia in the war, his view went beyond the conflict and looked at emphasizing the desire of friendly relations between the American and Russian peoples by appealing to the admiration that many Russians felt for the American lifestyle, in order to contain the spread of Bolshevism in Russian territories. Keywords: Bullard; Committe on Public Information; Public Diplomacy; Propaganda; Bolshevik Revolution. Stefano Livi: Sapienza University of Rome (Italy) [email protected] The author is a Ph.D candidate in History of Europe in the Department of History, Culture, Religions at Sapienza University of Rome. He graduated at the same university in International Relations with a dissertation on the image of Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia in American political thought. His current researches concern the development of the idea of containment of Soviet Russia in American political thought from the Bolshevik Revolution to the ascendancy of George F. Kennan in US foreign policy. Copyright © 2019 Stefano Livi Art. -
When the U.S. Used 'Fake News' to Sell Americans on World War I
7/9/2018 Propaganda in World War I: How George Creel Sold Americans on the War - HISTORY HISTORY STORIES MAY 22, 2018 When the U.S. Used 'Fake News' to Sell Americans on World War I P A T R I C I A O ' T O O L E Tweets and accusations of “fake news” may be issued from the White House today, but in April 1917, the U.S. government created a whole committee to inuence media and shape popular opinion. When the United States declared war on Germany in April 1917, President Woodrow Wilson faced a reluctant nation. Wilson had, after all, won his reelection in 1916 with the slogan, “He kept us out of the war.” To convince Americans that going to war in Europe was necessary, Wilson created the Committee on Public Information (CPI), to focus on promoting the war eort. To head up the committee, Wilson appointed a brilliant political public relations man, George Creel. As head of the CPI, Creel was in charge of censorship as well as ag-waving, but he quickly passed the censor’s job to Postmaster General Albert S. Burleson. The Post Oce already had the power to bar materials from the mail and revoke the reduced postage rates given to newspapers and magazines. https://www.history.com/news/world-war-1-propaganda-woodrow-wilson-fake-news 1/6 7/9/2018 Propaganda in World War I: How George Creel Sold Americans on the War - HISTORY George Creel, head of the Committee on Public Information, at the War Exposition in Chicago in 1918. -
Gendering Patriotism: Wartime Culture and Propaganda in WWI
University of Dayton eCommons Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies Women's and Gender Studies Program 2018 Gendering Patriotism: Wartime Culture and Propaganda in WWI Emily Elizabeth Haynes University of Dayton Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.udayton.edu/wgs_essay Part of the Women's Studies Commons eCommons Citation Haynes, Emily Elizabeth, "Gendering Patriotism: Wartime Culture and Propaganda in WWI" (2018). Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies. 12. https://ecommons.udayton.edu/wgs_essay/12 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Women's and Gender Studies Program at eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies by an authorized administrator of eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 2 The cover of a popular 1918 American song, "Keep the Home Together, Mother, Thafs All We're Fighting For/' suggested that the main goal of World War I was to protect and sustain the home.1 It depicted three women from all different generations sitting at a kitchen table. One is reading and two are working on a sewing project. A small black cat meanders nearby this domestic scene. This image placed an emphasis on gendered spatialization-women are at home performing traditional women's work, such as sewing and maintaining the home, while men are outside performing men's work, such as fighting in the war. It relates the act of a man fighting in WWI to protecting his women and his home. -
Walter Lippmann's Critique of Censorship and Propaganda
CHAPTER 16 "THE WORLD'S GREATEST ADVENTURE IN ADVERTISING": WALTER LIPPMANN'S CRITIQUE OF CENSORSHIP AND PROPAGANDA SUE CURRY JANSEN [T]here is no way of evading the fact that liberty is not so much permis sion as it is the construction of a system of information increasingly inde pendent of opinion. -Walter Lippmann, Liberty and the News' After World War I private industry converted wartime technology to peacetime use. And they also applied wartime propaganda methods to launching peacetime services and products. -Edward Bernays, Biography of an Idea' THE Great War, as the First World War was known to those who experienced it, is regarded as a transformative moment in human history. It marked the end of the Western world's faith in the inevitability of human progress; it was the first industrial war; the first total war in which civilians as well as combatants were deliberately tar geted; and it was also the first global information war. Propaganda and even psychological warfare are ancient arts that played important roles in warfare long before there was a critical vocabulary to describe these activi ties. During the First World War, however, they were practiced on a scale never before imagined as modern technological and organizational knowledge and resources were 302 SUE CURRY JANSEN effectively mobilized to "fight the Hun:' So, effectively, in fact, that after the war, German generals and some independent analysts claimed the war was not lost in the trenches but in the minds of the German people, who succumbed to British and American propaganda. The generals were determined that this would never happen again. -
World War I, the Committee on Public Information, and the Effectiveness of Good Poster Design
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Master's Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Fall 2008 Persuasion by design: World War I, the Committee on Public Information, and the effectiveness of good poster design Kelly LaBrecque University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis Recommended Citation LaBrecque, Kelly, "Persuasion by design: World War I, the Committee on Public Information, and the effectiveness of good poster design" (2008). Master's Theses and Capstones. 91. https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis/91 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses and Capstones by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PERSUASION BY DESIGN: WORLD WAR I, THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC INFORMATION, AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GOOD POSTER DESIGN BY KELLY LABRECQUE Bachelor of Arts in Political Science, University of Tampa, 1993 THESIS Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Studies September, 2008 UMI Number: 1459503 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Walter Lippmann and the Liberal Roots of American Hegemony
University at Albany, State University of New York Scholars Archive History Honors Program History 5-2020 Imperial Evolution: Walter Lippmann and the Liberal Roots of American Hegemony Lukas Moller University at Albany, State University of New York Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/history_honors Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Moller, Lukas, "Imperial Evolution: Walter Lippmann and the Liberal Roots of American Hegemony" (2020). History Honors Program. 23. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/history_honors/23 This Undergraduate Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the History at Scholars Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Honors Program by an authorized administrator of Scholars Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Imperial Evolution: Walter Lippmann and the Liberal Roots of American Hegemony An honors thesis presented to the Department of History, University at Albany, State University of New York in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with Honors in History Lukas Moller Research Mentor: Ryan Irwin, Ph.D. Research Advisor: Christopher Pastore, Ph.D. May, 2020 ii Abstract When Walter Lippmann became a founding editor of the New Republic in 1914, shortly after the outbreak of World War I, he began to advocate for heightened United States involvement in global affairs. Lippmann argued that the global power vacuum generated by the war presented the ideal opportunity for American values to spread to places like Eastern Europe and South America, the latter under the veil of “Pan-Americanism.” The Pan-American movement would disguise the U.S. -
Imperialism & World War 1
Advance Placement United States History Chapter 22 Imperialism & World War 1 Chapter 20/22 Homework Identifications: Complete the following terms for class discussion, quizzes, and the unit test. 1. Alfred T. Mahan/The Influence of Sea Power upon History /Jingoists 2. Samoan Islands/Hawaii/Queen Liliuokalani 3. Cuba/William Randolph Hearst/Joseph Pulitzer/yellow journalism/U.S.S. Maine 4. Spanish-American War/George Dewey/Manila Bay/San Juan Hill/Rough Riders 5. Leonard Wood/Teller Amendment/Platt Amendment/Guantanamo Bay 6. The Philippines/Emilio Aguinaldo/Philippine Government Act 7. John Hay/China/Open Door policy/Boxer Rebellion 8. Panama Canal/Columbia/Philippe Bunau-Varilla/Roosevelt Corollary 9. Russo-Japanese War/Portsmouth Peace Conference/"yellow peril"/Great White Fleet 10. Mexican Revolution/Pancho Villa 11. World War I/neutrality/H.M.S. Lusitania//Zimmermann telegram 12. Newton D. Baker/Selective Service Act 13. War Industries Board/Bernard Baruch 14. Fuel Administration/Food Administration/Herbert Hoover 15. National War Labor Board/Railroad Administration/William G. McAdoo 16. American Expeditionary Force (AEF)/John “Black Jack” Pershing 17. Western Front/Chateau-Thierry/Belleau Wood/St. Mihiel/Meuse-Argonne campaign 18. Liberty Loans/George Creel/Committee on Public Information 19. Conscientious objectors/Espionage Act/Albert S. Burleson/Schenck v. United States 20. Fourteen Points/armistice/Versailles Peace Conference/Council of Four/Treaty of Versailles 21. League of Nations/Henry Cabot Lodge/Edith Galt Wilson/Irreconcilables/Reservationists 22. Red Scare/J. Edgar Hoover/A. Mitchell Palmer 23. Election of 1920/James M. Cox/Warren G. Harding/normalcy Short Essay Questions 1. How and why did America emerge as an imperial power by 1901? Consider both expansionist motives and examples of territorial acquisition.