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Edición 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © Parte/Vers: 14/12 Página: 3901 Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal Edición 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 -Ya en 1968 se hizo el RS-22 conocido como Flexem por su capacidad de variar el empuje entre casi 270 a 4000 lbs. y funcionando con C1F3 / Hydrazine. “RS-19” -El RS-2100, de diseño reciente en 1999 previsto para proyectos actuales y futuros. Para ser utilizado como boos- ters o ayuda para los vehículos portadores. Utiliza “RS-22” LOX y LH2. “RS-23” -De 1972, el RS-23 que vemos sin la tobera, sólo la cá- mara de combustión. Podía llevar varias toberas según utilización, de 2700 Kgf aprox. “RS-2100” (PeT) -Sin embargo el motor RS-2101A es del año 1968, de- rivado del RS-14. Tenía una evolución en el RS-2101C. “RS-2101A” (PeT) “RS-27 y RS-27A” (PeT) * * * Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 Este facsímil es < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 ORIGINAL si la Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © página anterior tiene Parte/Vers: 14/12 Página: 3902 el sello con tinta Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal VERDE Edición: 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 -El RS-27 hizo el primer vuelo en 1972 y el último hacia 1990 (el RS-27A de 1989 a 1999). de unos 105000 Kgf de empuje, funcionando con Lox/keroseno fué utilizado en los misiles Delta. -El RS-28 era un pequeño motor de 270 Kgf. utilizado en el Space Shuttle para control en orbita. Diseñado hacia 1972. “RS-36” (PeT) -En 1981 se hace el RS-41 para naves espaciales, de 1220 Kgf. De éste mismo año es el RS-42 de sólo 45 Kgf, para control axial. Y lo mismo el RS-43 para control de actitud y sólo 2 Kgf de empuje. “RS-28” -El RS-32 ya salió en páginas anteriores como de etapas superiores del Minuteman, derivado a su vez del RS-14. -El RS-34 es un motor cohete de 1200 kgf para empujes axiales, del año 1978. Existe la versión de control de Acti- tud (Attitude) con sólo 31 Kgf. Es un RS-34 Att. Control. “RS-41, RS-42 y RS-43” “RS-34 y RS-34 A-C” -El motor RS-36, utilizado en experimentos de propulsión axial, con algo más de 5’5 ton. de empuje y utilizando N2O4 y MMH. Se conocía como “Motor Sostenedor”. “RS-45, motor de control” * * * Blue Prints -Antes no existían los actuales “Plotters” para reproducir grandes planos. Durante muchos años se han utilizado -y todavia se utilizan- los famosos “Blue Prints”. Vemos a un operario haciendo una. Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © Parte/Vers: 14/12 Página: 3903 Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal Edición 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 -El RS-51, del año 1984 y con 1178 Kgf de empuje en el -Los motores RS-56 OSA y OBA, son los MA-5A mencio- vacio para naves o estaciones espaciales. nados al principio del capítulo y utilizados en los cohetes Atlas II A. Con unos 40000 Kgf en el vacio. Utilizados en los misiles Delta IV. “Motor RS-51” “RS-68” -El RS-71 es un motor experimental del tipo “Aerospike” del que buscamos más información. -El RS-72 construído en conjunción (Joint-Venture?) con la DASA (Daimler-Aerospace alemana. Para estaciones superiores de cohetes portadores. Con 5650 Kgf. “RS-52” -El RS-52 es un Thruster de 11 kgf. para Estacion Espa- cial como motor de estabilización. Basado en tecnología “resistojet” . “Delta IV, con RS-68” “DASA / Rocketdyne RS-72” (PeT) * * * Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 Este facsímil es < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 ORIGINAL si la Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © página anterior tiene Parte/Vers: 14/12 Página: 3904 el sello con tinta Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal VERDE Edición: 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 -Otro motor reciente, de 1999, el RS-74 es un booster para vehículos de lanzamiento considerado NG (Next Genera- tion), funcionando con LOX / LH2. “Nave SOTV y RS-77” -De las nuevas generaciones de motores, el RS-82 es considerado “Non-Toxic”, para estaciones superiores y utilizando H2O2 / Keroseno. “RS-74” (PeT) -En 1998 se desarrolla el RS-76, un motor reusable para ser utilizado en el Space Shuttle. “RS-82” (PeT) “RS-76” (PeT) -El RS-77 es original en el sentido de que difi ere totalmente del sistema de construcción y principio de funcionamiento de los anteriores. -Para el proyecto SOTV ó Vehículo de Tránsito en Orbita Solar. Utiliza la captación de la energia solar para el calen- tamiento del hidrógeno LH2. “Dos vistas del RS-83” (PeT) * * * NOTA : Mientras no se solicite y otorgue la autorización de POPMECH para reproducir algunas imagenes que aparecen en éste Suplemento 7, se considera el mismo no divulgable comercialmente. Solo se ofrecerá sin cargo a quién lo solicite de los poseedores del texto principal como forma de tener más completa ésta Tesis Post-Profesional del Autor de la “A-Z”. En tanto dicho trámite no ocurra, el autor considera éste Apéndice (Ammendment) como Restringido y sólo para consultas propias. (Apéndice Apócrifo). Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © Parte/Vers: 14/12 Página: 3905 Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal Edición 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 -Las dos vistas del RS-83 de la página anterior todavía son -Del Apendice 6: Pionera americana en el estudio y de diseño CAD-CAM. Para 650000 lbs de empuje y con desarrollo de los Scramjets o Aerospikes. Destaca el destino a los nuevos motores del programa SSME (Shu destinado al X-33, de forma rectangular y que vemos en ttle) en clara competencia con el Cobra de Aerojet/P&W. el siguiente dibujo. -Llegamos ahora a los más avanzados, los Aerospike RS-2200 y XRS-2200, el segundo conocido dentro de Rocketdyne como RS-69. (ver también RS-71). -No poseen la tobera clásica en forma de trompeta sino que son lineares. Diseños de 1998, y con empujes respetables, aptos ademas para las más altas velocidades conocidas. “El Aerospike funcionando -dibujo-” -Las cámaras de combustión dispuestas linealmente a ambos lados de dos superfi cies inclinadas algo concavas hacen que los chorros se peguen a ellas y se unan al tér- mino de las mismas. “RS-89 en pruebas” -El empuje del RS-2200 es de más de 224500 Kgf. en el vacio. Mientras que el del XRS-2200 es de más de 121500 Kgf en el vacio. Ambos con destino al X-33 (Cancelado). “Un SR-71 probando su Aerospike” -Un banco de pruebas real fué “La Máquina Bizarra” o el Lockheed-Martin SR-71, capaz de volar pos sí sólo a 3 Mach. -El X-33 de la Lockheed-Martin tiene dos cámaras Aero- spikes (ver Scramjets en éste mismo apéndice), tal como vemos en el siguiente dibujo que simula el aparato en “Salidas rectangulares del XRS-2200, en X-33” vuelo. * * * Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 Este facsímil es < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 ORIGINAL si la Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © página anterior tiene Parte/Vers: 14/12 Página: 3906 el sello con tinta Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal VERDE Edición: 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 “MB-3 ó LR79-N” (PeT) -Se ha recibido un dibujo del RS-84 que todavia no se había mencionado en el texto principal. Reusable. “El X-33 con sus dos motores en marcha” -Actualmente en el Grupo Pratt & Whitney. Antes de Boe- ing Company. Y antes de North American Aviation NAA que empezó sus estudios poco despues de la WWII, con las V-2 alemanas capturadas. -La North American fundó la Rocketdyne en en 1967. En el año 1996 fué adquirida por Boeing y fi nalmente en el 2005 pasa a la Pratt & Whitney. -En el texto principal se mencionan los motores MB-3 con sus equivalentes defi niciones ofi ciales de LR79. -En el Museo Pima Air de USA, vemos ratifi cada ésta equivalencia en los LR79-N que tienen expuestos. “Rocketdyne RS-84” -La NASA canceló el programa RS-84 en el 2004. El “MB-3 en la Sala de Exhibición” (PeT) motor tenía 1064 Klbf de empuje a nivel del mar y 1130 en el vacio. * * * Observación -Los motores de cada fotograma no guardan relación con la proporción del tamaño entre ellos ni con los motivos. Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © Parte/Vers: 14/12 Página: 3907 Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal Edición 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 -Constructivamente, dos conjuntos de pequeñas cámaras -El empuje específi co era de 324 segundos y consumía de combustión se encuentran alineadas a ambos lados de LOX/RP-1 (Oxígeno líquido y keroseno). Apto para 100 la estructura. Proveen el fl ujo primario al que se le sumará misiones, con empuje variable entre el 100% y el 65%. el secundario por la parte central inferior del motor. -Referente al Aerospike X-33 de Rocketdyne continúan los ensayos en la Nasa Lewis Research Center y en John Stennis Center. -Como se menciona en el texto principal, los aerospikes puede ser lineales o anulares. -El X-33 es lineal y como característica principal es que al contrario que los motores cohete normales en que la combustión se produce en una cámara, el aerospike tiene la combustión externa.
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