Chapter - 4 Results and Discussion
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Chapter - 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Introduction: After adopting previous methodology whatever results are drawn are discussed in this chapter in detail to fulfill the following aims and goals of the present study. These aims are as- a. To find out frequency and attendance of tourist at research sites. b. To find out reason of tourist to visit these sites. c. To know distance traveled by tourist and mode of transportation. d. To know seasonal importance of sites. e. To know facilities available to tourist at sites like hotels, worship places etc. f. To find out tourist attraction at sites like religious, historical etc. g. To know flora, fauna and land cover of the sites. h. To find out environmental, economic and social impact at the sites. i. To know the eco-tourism potential of sites. As everyone is aware about increasing popularity of Ecotourism across the world, but has significant practical value especially in developing tourist destinations such as Zayandeh Rud (Iran) and Mulshi Lake (India) where the needs of impoverished communities may conflict directly with the need to capitalize on the growing tourism industry. In many cases developers move in and designate certain areas as tourism hotspots without giving much thought to the impact that this will have on local communities. These communities may depend on the area for food and shelter, but their concerns are buried beneath the potential for financial revenue. Although Isfahan and Pune are commercial and industrial poles, but there have always been the problem of unemployment, and also eco-tourism problems have been ignored as well. In development plans for increasing income all the potentials including tourism and ecotourism should be considered and essential studies for recognizing potentials and challenges and opportunities for one principal planning for eco-tourism to be performed. Considering above problems 70 is a determined reason for importance and value of this research and makes necessary for its performance definitely. The information gathered through primary and secondary data, conducting interviews with people related to tourism and authorizes in Zayandeh Rud River (Iran) and Mulshi Lake (India) are discussed below to followed the aims of study. 4.2 Frequency, Attendance and Reason of Tourists to Visit the Study Sites: The data collected through questionnaire and interviews indicated that when interviewed 30% tourists said that they visit Mulshi lake weekly, 30% said monthly and 40% said yearly, While as in case of Zayandeh Rud river, 52% tourists confessed by visiting river on weekly basis, 32% monthly and 16% on a yearly basis (see Fig 4.1 a ,b). Fig 4.1 a: Frequency of visitors Fig 4.1.b: Frequency of to mulshi lake visitors to Zayandeh Rud river Weekly Weekly Monthly monthly Yearly 30% Yearly 40% 16% 32% 52% 30% Tourists are mostly coming in groups accompanied by friends 48% followed by family members (32%). In Zayandeh Rud river families visiting the river are scoring the highest of about 74% followed by friends 26% (Fig. 4.2a, b). 71 Fig. 4.2 a: Persons Fig. 4.2.b:Persons accompanying the visitors to accompanying the visitors to Mulshi lake Zayandeh Rud river Family 80 74 Feriend 60 6% 14% Guests % 40 26 32% Other 20 0 0 0 0 48% The number of visitors and their frequency was depending on the holidays, particular auspicious days, temperature, season, rainfall and many other factors. The people from 25-35 age-groups are more coming to Mulshi Lake while as in case of Zayandeh Rud river people from 35-45% were observed in the highest number. Tourists from both the study sites were found educated. The visitors are mostly day time and coming from nearby areas, no foreign tourist was observed during the study. The people visiting both the study sites were mostly found to be appreciating the natural beauty of the areas and when asked to tourists their purpose of visit in both the sites, enjoying natural beauty was the main answer (Fig. 4.3a, b). Fig 4.3 a: Reason of visit to Fig 4.3b :Reason for visit this Zayandeh Rud river place in Mulshi Natural Natural beauty 6% beauty 6% For peace For peace 16% 16% 22% Accessibility Accessibility 62% 72% Celebration Celebration Other Other 72 4.3 Distance Travelled by Visitors: The data recorded in Mulshi Lake showed that about 66% of visitors come from a distance of more than 30 kms and 34% tourists are coming from 15-30 kms of distance. While as in Case of Zayandeh Rud river, 53% visitors come from a distance of more than 90 kms, 32% come from 50-90 kms and 50% come within the area of 50kms (Fig. 4.4a,b). Fig 4.4 a: Distance travelled by Fig 4.4 b: Distance travelled by visitors to Mulshi lake visitors to Zayandeh Rud river 15% 50km 34% 15-30km 50-90 km >30 km 53% 32% 66% > 90 km 4.4 Mode of Transportation for the Sites: At present mainly private cars, two wheelers and hired tourist vehicles are the main modes of transport for the tourists to visit Mulshi Lake. Pune Municipal Corporation bus service to Mulshi taluka (bus stop,6km from lake) is also available from Pune city but with very less frequency. There is no suitable public transport at present for visiting the Mulshi Lake. The deterioration of road is mainly because of heavy rains. This is one the reasons which made Mulshi lake less attractive. On the other hand, Zayandeh Rud River has a proper network of freeways, highways and major roads connecting all the tourist destinations along the riverside and airport for international tourists is also well developed which is located at 25 km from the central of Esfahan city. Transportation routes in this area has caused the most developed area of the river and railway land and air communication, but unfortunately the river in other parts of eastern and western top end, mainly related to major road networks are 73 minor in terms of level and quality and the multiplicity of problems are accident prone. In the mountainous western part of the main routes, there are numerous accident prone areas and with high power is natural vulnerability (Fig. 4.5a, b, c). Fig 4.5a, b: Showing Road and Airport Network along Zayandeh Rud 74 Fig 4.5c: Showing Road Network in Mulshi. 4.5 Seasonal Importance of the Study Sites: The season plays an important role in case of ecotourism as it has been found that majority of the visitors in both the study sites are coming for nature seeing including flora and fauna of the sites. Both the study areas are quite distant from each other in case of seasons, in which Mulshi Lake has three seasons a year which are summer season, monsoon (rainy) season and winter season where tourists prefer to visit in rainy season more and is considered as peak season for tourism. While as Zayandeh Rud has four seasons a year which are spring season, summer season, autumn season and winter season. In Zayendeh Rud river end of spring season and summer season is considered as the peak season for tourists. The data recorded through questionnaire revealed that around 88% tourists prefer to visit Mulshi Lake in peak season and only 12% were observed in off season. In Zayandeh Rud River, approximately 80% tourists were found to visit the ecotourism destinations along river side in peak season while as 17% tourists visited in off season (Fig. 4.6a, b) 75 Fig 4.6.a: Average no. of Fib 4.6.b: Average no. of tourist flow in different tourist flow in different seasons (Mulshi) seasons (Esfahan) 3000 600 569 Peak Season Off Season 2428 Peak Season 2500 Off Season 500 2000 400 1500 300 1000 200 No. of visitors 595 No. of visitors 80 500 100 0 0 Peak Season Off Season Peak Season Off Season Season Season 4.6 Facilities (Hotels, Worship places etc.) available in the Study Sites: In Mulshi Lake, electricity is available at most of the places by Tata Power, but is limited by economic condition of the family. The available electricity has load shedding problems (9 to 12 hrs a day). The telephones and mobiles are present in almost every village. At many places coin-box telephones are also available. The LPG is used by some families, mainly educated ones. Some private owners offer lodging facilities to tourists, but these are of low standard which is one of the reason tourists are hindered to visit again Mulshi lake and such tourists which are coming from long distances, mostly avoid to come to Mulshi. Along the Zayandeh Rud River all the facilities needed for the tourists are available including 24 hour electricity, phone and internet connections, drinking water, shopping places and worship places at every corner of viewpoint is at ease for all kind of tourists (Fig. 4.7). In comparison to Mulshi Lake, hotels/restaurants were found of good quality in Zayandeh Rud River (Fig. 4.8) 76 Fig 4.7: Showing Hotel and Recreation Place along Mulshi Lake and Zayandeh Rud River. 77 Fig 4.8: Showing Places of Worship and Hotels near Zayandeh Rud River and Lake. Restaurants of all kinds, also tourists can enjoy local traditional food and other eatables are available everywhere at the tourist destinations along the riverside. Lodging facilities starting from five stars to budget hotels are all time available and 78 also the villagers around tourist destinations are also providing lodging facilities. Zayandeh Rud Lake particularly has of great tourist importance and a good network of hotels, restaurants and other facilities were found around all lake (Fig.