A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa: 1962
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
A survey of race relations in South Africa: 1962 http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.BOO19630100.042.000 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org A survey of race relations in South Africa: 1962 Author/Creator Horrell, Muriel Publisher South African Institute of Race Relations, Johannesburg Date 1963 Resource type Reports Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa, South Africa, South Africa, South Africa, South Africa, Namibia Coverage (temporal) 1962 Source EG Malherbe Library Description A survey of race relations in South Africa in 1962 and includes chapters on: Policies and attitudes: Unrest and measures for Government control of this; Sabotage in South Africa; General Law Amendment Act No 76 of 1962; Opposition to the General Law Amendment Act; General Law Amendment Act; Action taken under the General Law Amendment Act; General Law Further Amendment Act No 93 of 1962; Strengthening of Defence Department; Control of publications and entertainments; The population and its registration; Immorality; The African Reserves; Other African affairs; Coloured and Asian affairs; Liquor; Group areas and housing; Employment; Education; Health and nutrition; Welfare; Recreation; External affairs; Legislation of 1962. Format extent 267 pages (length/size) http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.BOO19630100.042.000 http://www.aluka.org ____ ________ ____ ___ ONE RAND FIFTY CENTS SO T ARIA Compiled by MURIEL HORRELL SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF RACE RELATIONS A SURVEY OF RACE RELATIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA 1962 Compiled by MURIEL HORRELL Research Officer South African Institute of Race Relations I SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF RACE RELATIONS P.O. Box 97 JOHANNESBURG 1963 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The writer's great appreciation is expressed to Mr. Leo Marquard, who read the entire manuscript and made valuable suggestions for its improvement. Grateful thanks are extended, too, to Miss B. Adams, who did the typing; Mr. J. Love and Mrs. A. Honeywill, who checked the proofs; the staff of the Institute's library; the many others who supplied information on a variety of subjects; and the staff of the Natal Witness (Pty) Limited. MURIEL HORRELL. NOTE ON PERIOD COVERED This Survey is stated to be for the year 1962. As it was wished to have it published early in January 1963. however, it was impos sible to include events that occurred during the last few weeks of the year. Some of these are mentioned briefly in an addendum, and reports on the rest will be made in the next issue. CONTENTS Page POLICIES AND ATTITUDES Political parties: Parties with White membership ...... The Progressive and Liberal Parties .......... 2 Coloured and Indian organizations ......... 2 African organizations .... .... ... ... ... .. 3 Congress of Democrats .. .............. 4 The Churches: The trial of Professor Geyser ......... 4 "Pro V eritate" ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 Other work by the churches . ...... 6 S.A. Institute of Race Relations: Council meetings, 1961 .. ...... ..... Proposed conference on "Human Relations and Com munication Today" ... ... ... ... ... 8 Other activities of the Institute .... ... ... ... 10 S.A. Bureau of Racial Affairs .... ....... ... ... UNREST, AND MEASURES FOR GOVERNMENT CONTROL OF THIS Aftermath of disturbances during 1960 and 1961: Claims for compensation ... .... ... ... ... ... ... .. IlI T he T ranskei ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... 12 W arm baths ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 13 Port Elizabeth ............. ... ... ... ... ... .....- 13 O ther trials ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .....- 13 Further disturbances: The Transkei ........................ ... ... ... 14 L anga ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 14 R ustenburg area ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 15 Dethunie location .... ... .... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... 15 P a a rl ... ... ... .. .. .. .. .. ... ... ... 16 Control of entry into African rural areas ...... 16 Banishment of Africans: Detention of Mr. Anderson Ganyile and others ... ... ... 17 Detention of Mr. Mdingi .... ....... ... ... ... ... ... 19 Banishment orders in force ... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... 19 African exiles in other territories ... ... ... .. ... ... ... 2 1 Passports and visas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 2 Banning orders ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 3 iv A SURVEY OF RACE Page SABOTAGE IN SOUTH AFRICA ................ ... 25 GENERAL LAW AMENDMENT ACT, No. 76 of 1962 O bjects .... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... ... ... ... 26 Sabotage .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... ... 27 Emergency regulations ... ........................... 31 Banning of organizations .... ... .... ... .... .... ... ...... 31 Listed and banned persons: Attendance at gatherings 32. Blanket prohibitions on mein bership of organizations 33, May he required to report regularly to the police 34, Change of residence or of employ mient 34, Namnes can be removed from the list 34, Publication of names 35. Restrictions on movement, and "house arrest" - 35 Detention without any charge having been proved .......... 36 Prohibition of gatherings or of attendance thereat .............. 36 N ewspapers .... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... .... ... 37 Publication of statements by banned persons ................. 38 Presumptions relating to absence from the Republic .......... 39 Offences and penalties .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... ... 39 OPPOSITION TO TIlE GENERAL LAW AMENDMENT ACT Political parties ... .... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... 40 Other bodies: General Bar Council 41, International Commission of Jurists 42, Black Sash 42, Public protests 43, The Churches 43. Institute of Race Relations 45. ACTION TAKEN UNDER THE GENERAL LAW AMENDMENT ACT Removal of names from the list ....... .... ... .... ....... 46 Persons whose speeches or writings may not be published ...... 46 Banning of the Congress of Democrats .................... 48 Banning of meetings on the Johannesburg City Hall steps ...... 48 Orders served on Mrs. Helen Joseph ..................... 48 Appearances in court of Mr. Mandela and Mr. Sisulu .......... 49 Ban on protest meetings ... .... .... ... .... ... ... ... 50 Further "house arrest" orders ............................ 51 M r. M andela's trial ... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... ... 52 Publication of names of "listed" communists ................. 53 Further instances of sabotage .... .... ... .... ... .... ... ... 53 GENERAL LAW FURTHER AMENDMENT ACT, No. 93 of 1962 Term s of the Act .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... ...... 55 The painting of new slogans ... ... ... .... 55 STRENGTHENING OF DEFENCE DEPARTMENT Budget Speech .......... .......................... 56 Speech by Minister of Defence .... ... .... ... .... ....... ... 56 Nationalist Press comment .... ... .... ... .... .... ... ...... 57 Remarks by the Prime Minister ....... .... ... .... ... .... ... 57 Statement by the Institute of Race Relations ................. 57 RELATIONS: 1962 Page CONTROL OF PUBLICATIONS AND ENTERTAINMENTS Press code of the S.A. Newspaper Press Union ............. Publications and Entertainments Bill: Publications 60, Films 61. Public entertainments 62, Penalties for oftences 62. Recent decisions in regard to publications ...... THE POPULATION AND ITS REGISTRATION Preliminary results of 1960 census ... ... ... ... ... ... 64 Progress of population registration ................... 65 Appeals against race classification ... ... ... ....... ... 65 Birth and m arriage certificates ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 66 Borderline cases ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 66 Classification of Japanese persons ... .... ... ... ... ... ... 68 Classification of Chinese persons ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 69 T he Song case ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 69 Population Registration Amendment Act, No. 61 of 1962 ... 70 Proof of acceptance now required ................... ... 72 Electoral Laws Amendment Act, No. 72 of 1962 .......... 72 IMMORALITY Cases of hardship under the Immorality Act ......... 73 Prosecutions and convictions under the Immorality Act ...... 74 Immorality Amendment Bill ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 74 THE AFRICAN RESERVES Deliberations of the Council of the Institute of Race Relations 75 The Prime Minister's views on the future of South Africa ....... 76 Self-government to be granted to the Transkei .............. 77 Boundaries of the Reserves ....... .... ... .... ... .... .... ... 78 Towns in the Transkei .... ... .... ... .... .... ... .... ... ... 79