12Th August 2017 Oslo, Norway Organizing Authority (OA): Royal Norwegian Yacht Club (KNS) and Norwegian Knarr Association Oslo, (NKK) Norway

49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

2 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Content Content ...... 3 General Information ...... 7 Regatta & Social Event Schedule ...... 9 Social Events ...... 11 Skipper and crews competing in the 49th IKC ...... 13 International Knarr Champions ...... 15 Regatta Administration & Organizing Committees ...... 17 How the IKC began…...... 19 Sailing Instructions and Special Regulations ...... 20 The Saga of the Knarr ...... 39 The IKC Mid-Week Prize...... 48 Lay Day recommendations ...... 50 IKC 2017 Sponsors ...... 55

Emergency telephone numbers: Fire & Big Accidents (+47) 110 Police & Rescue Centre (+47) 112 Ambulance & Medical Emergencies (+47) 113

3 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Regatta Organizers

The 49th IKC is organized by the Norwegian Knarr Association, in cooperation with the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club KNS.

Norsk Knarrklubb Norwegian Knarr Association

Dear competitors and guests – Welcome to Oslo! It is with great pleasure I welcome you all to the 49th International Knarr Championship in Oslo. The local Knarr owners are looking forward to seeing their boats being sailed by the world’s best Knarr sailers. We will certainly read the regatta results carefully during the IKC-week, and look for our own boat’s results. Erling Kristofersen – the designer of the Knarr - lived and worked here in Oslo, and the first Knarrs were sailed here 70 years ago. I learned to sail in one of his smaller boats – an “Oslo Jolle”. It was my late grandfather who bought it to my late father just before the WW II. Like the Knarr, it sailed beautifully. It was also made of wood, and it also leaked like nothing else each spring when we set in the water. Many of the designs by Erling Kristofersen are still sailed in Norway today. Maybe this proximity to the designer’s work, and the start of the Knarr racing community, is one reason why we in Oslo tend to be a little conservative in our Knarr-community☺. In this IKC we will sail mostly wooden boats, all with wooden mast, and many with a lot of the original equipment. All boats are maintained by their owner themselves, and some, like number ON11 and number ON14, are even completely restored by the owners in their spare time. I hope everyone will enjoy the charm and the authenticity of the boats. I believe the boat owners, who kindly lend their bellowed boats to you, and Morten and his team, have done a great job to prepare the fleet for this year’s IKC. We have done our best to stage what we hope will be a memorable IKC. The Royal Norwegian Yacht Club has been most helpful and supportive in helping us preparing the races. We have put

4 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

together an onshore program with a great mid-week dinner at the Oslo Opera House. The closing dinner will be held at the FRAM museum, where we will dine on deck of this famous ship that belonged to the explorer Fridtjof Nansen. Nansen used the Fram to explore the North Pole and later the ship was used by Roald Amundsen on his famous expedition to be the first man to reach the South Pole. The 49th IKC would not be possible without the support of our many sponsors. Your support is essential for the organization of this week. We welcome and thank the companies that have decided to attach their name to the upcoming week. Some of the world’s best sailors will be here in Oslo, so you have chosen an excellent occasion to promote your company. Last, but certainly not least, I wish to thank the KNS Yacht Club and everyone in NKK for their devotion and help to make IKC2017 happen.

I wish you all a wonderful week in Oslo and may the best team win!

Alexander Arnesen Norwegian Karr Association Admiral

5 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Dear Sailors and Friends,

On behalf of the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club, I am pleased to welcome you to the 2017 International Knarr Championship in Oslo. The Knarr is a classic beautiful boat and we are proud to have an active class of Knarr Sailors in our club.

We are particularly pleased with the fact that the Class has been able to maintain a high international participation at its regattas and we are proud to welcome several nations to our venue in Oslo. We are looking forward to close racing, a further development of good friendships and a continued strengthening of our sailing network across national boundaries.

Our harbor and the Club are at your disposal and we hope you will enjoy your days here in Oslo.

Fair winds!

Kongelig Norsk Seilforening

6 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

General Information

Registration Friday August 4th from 16:00 to 19:00 and Saturday August 5th from 09:00 to 10:00 at the IKC 2017 desk of Norwegian Knarr Association (NKK). Huk Aveny 1, Dronningen, Royal Norwegian Yacht Club (KNS).

Fees Required fees are: - Boat charter including skipper fee: NOK 7000 - Crewmember NOK 4200 - Additional full week social passes for guests: NOK 3200 - All payments due by 1st July 2017. - A late payment fee of NOK 500 will apply after this date. - Refundable damage deposit (see SI art.31): NOK 7000.

Credit Cards VISA and MasterCard are accepted at the Regatta Desk.

Regatta desk The Regatta Desk (at the Club) will be at your service from 09:00 until the fleet leaves the harbour, and after the fleet has returned. If you have any questions our Regatta Desk Secretary Niels R. Kiær (+47 908 28 258) and his staff will try to help you. You can find the Regatta Desk at the Knarr Club, Huk Aveny 1, Royal Norwegian Yacht Club.

At the regatta desk you will also find the Score board and Regatta Official Notice Board and IKC 2017 Merchandise.

The Knarr Club with a “Morning Coffee Bar” will be open every day from 09:00 to 10:30 (11:30 Practice Race) and after the races until ca. 18:00. Tuesday 8 August and Saturday 12 August it will close at 17:00.

Web Site www.IKC2017.no or via www.kns.no >regatta >IKC 2017

Spectator boats Order at the Regatta Desk in the afternoon for the next day. NOK 100 Bring your own food and beverage. Boatname Sail number Owner Type Rafale NOR 4355 Richard and Berit Lie Comfortina 32 Other boats will be announced via the Regatta Desk

Race committee vessels Display flag “KNS burgee” (ref Sailing Instructions art. 23) Boat Name Owner Type Race committee Sjøgen 6 Tom Ottar Dehler 39 Buoy-boats Nakholmen KNS Garnholmen KNS 7 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Technical committee vessel NKK Display flagg “V” (ref Sailing Instructions art 24.1) Boat Owner RHIB KNS

Harbour regulations The Knarr boats are located at the KNS harbour Piers J and K, Dronningen, Bygdøy.

No boats must leave the harbour before 10:00, except at Practice Race before 11:00.

If postponed before 10:00 the boats stay in the harbour until signal is given. After finish the boats must head directly to the harbour. (Ref. Sailing Instructions 5.2)

The race committee boats will leave the harbour 90 minutes before the warning signal. Knarrs that need a tow need to be on the water with towing line ready.

Dangerous waters and sailing area limitations. The enclosed map shows limitations on the sailing area. For safety please use the map enclosed in your race packet. (Ref. Sailing Instructions 11.1 and Attachment D)

Protest time limit In case you want to file a protest it is recommended to fill in the protest form on your way back from the race course. (Ref.. Sailing Instructions 17.2).

Daily Prize Giving If possible immediately after the day’s races portside the KNS Club at Huk Aveny 1. Dronningen.

Crew Lunches (Saturday through Saturday) To be ordered and picked up at the Regatta Desk, Friday Aug 4th by 17.30 for Saturday and Sunday. Lunches for the rest of the week have to be ordered after the Practice race.

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Regatta & Social Event Schedule

Saturday - August 5th 10:00 Skipper meeting: - Draw of boats - Practical information - Race courses and restricted areas

13:00 Practice Race Warning signal.

After the race: - Flag Raising Ceremony - Warm meal and drinks hosted by KNS at Huk Aveny 1. - Presentation of crews

Sunday - August 6th 1st Race Day 12.00 Warning signal - One or two races 20.00 After Dinner Welcome party in the garden of Alexander Arnesen’s home: Smithsvingen 6, 0378 Oslo.

Monday - August 7th 2nd Race Day 12:00 Warning signal - One or two races - International Knarr Association General Meeting, - Invitation only

Tuesday - August 8th 3rd Race Day 12:00 Warning signal - One race 19:00 Mid-Week Party and Trophy Presentation – Restaurant Sanguine/ The Opera Kirsten Flagstads plass 1, 0150 Oslo

Wednesday - August 9th

Lay Day – For suggestions to enjoy Oslo, please see page “Lay Day recommendations” Sailor Meeting at “Vippa” 18:00. - optional meeting in a bar/ foodcourt, Akerhusstranda 25, 0150 Oslo

9 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Thursday - August 10th 4th Race Day 12:00 Warning signal - One or two races

Friday - August 11th 5th Race Day 12:00 Warning signal 12:00 - One or two races

Saturday - August 12th 6th Race Day 12:00 Warning signal - One race 19:00 Awards Banquet - FRAM Museum Bygdøynesveien 39, 0286 Oslo

FRAM museum Restaurant Sanguine/ The Opera

«Vippa Foodcourt» 10 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Social Events Chairman Tilo Pfleger, Lise Horntvedt Crew Lunches Knut Espenes Flag Raising Ceremony Knut Espenes Welcome party Alexander Arnesen MidWeek Party Tilo Pfleger, Erik Berg Oslo Opera Sailors Meeting Lay Day Tilo Pfleger “Vippa” foodcourt Awards Dinner Lise Horntvedt, Tilo Pfleger Fram Museum

11 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

12 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Skipper and crews competing in the 49th IKC

Denmark Sail Number Team Name Skipper and Crew

DEN 112 Poseidon Henrik SØDERLUND Kim SØDERLUND Peter Gorm CHRISTIANSEN DEN 137 OD 137 Kim BRUHN-PETERSEN Michael Chr. KNUDSEN Jesper HØJER DEN 68 Caroline Peter BØTTCHER Ulf RØGEBERG Jes THOMSEN DEN 71 Lars Bo Stig Lars-Ole KNUDSEN Bo ECHWALD Stig RAHBÆK DEN 90 Team ODEN-90 Lars GOTTFREDSEN Anders FISKER Jesper KJER

Norway NOR 130 Team Blåmann Nils Petter HAUGFOS Lars HAUGFOS Bjørn EKHOLT NOR 138 NOR 138 Morten Heldal HAUGERUD Henning OLSEN Arjen ZWAANSWIJK NOR 145 Team Kismet Tilo PFLEGER Ines HABRECHT Erik BERG NOR 14 Team Holter Lise HORNTVEDT Horntvedt Mads JOHANSEN Erik BERGSBAKK HOLTER NOR 140 NOR140 Dag Ivar YTREBERG Lars-Petter HAGEN Odd GUTTEBERG

13 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

NOR 143 Carpe Diem Johan Gustav HVIDE Audun HALDORSEN Lars Henrik HJELLESTAD NOR 144 Caminala Bjørn Ole RAKNES Inge RAKNES Thor SCHØNNING NOR 139 JOY Carl-Fredrik JOYS Gunhild JOYS Torben Anker Sørensen NOR 150 KARI Tor Helge VALEN Sidsel GODAL Rolf BERGE NOR 29 Team Jasmin Finn TOTLAND

Anders IVERSEN Per Jørgen WAALER USA Sail Number Team Name Skipper and Crew USA 007 Flyer Chris KELLY Tony BASSO Dave WEST USA 111 Team Gjendin Graham GREEN Doug NUGENT David MACGREGOR Scott MACINTYRE USA 120 Snaps III Mike RATIANI, Bill FREDERICKS, Bradford WHITAKER USA 125 Perkins Jon PERKINS Phil PERKINS Peter CLARK USA 130 Adelante Donald NAZZAL Terry ANDERLINI, Mark HEER, Gabriella ANDERLINI USA 47 Kraken Risley SAMS Eric KAISER, Jim EGBERT

14 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

International Knarr Champions Year Place Champion Country 1969 San Francisco Robert M. York USA 1970 Copenhagen Niels Johannsen Denmark 1971 San Francisco Knud Wibroe USA 1972 Bergen Mads Meisner Jensen Denmark 1973 Copenhagen Louis Schnakenburg Denmark 1974 San Francisco Duane Hines USA 1975 Oslo Lars Solberg Norway 1976 Copenhagen Christian Rasmussen Denmark 1977 San Francisco Lars Storm Denmark 1978 Bergen Lars Storm Denmark 1979 Copenhagen Christian Rasmussen Denmark 1980 San Francisco Lawrence Drew USA 1981 Oslo Alf Pehrsson Denmark 1982 Copenhagen David Holm Denmark 1983 San Francisco David Holm Denmark 1984 Bergen David Holm Denmark 1985 Copenhagen Jakob Holm Denmark 1986 San Francisco Frank Berg Denmark 1987 Oslo Frank Berg Denmark 1988 Copenhagen Frank Berg Denmark 1989 San Francisco Troels Bjerg Denmark 1990 Bergen Troels Bjerg Denmark 1991 Copenhagen Claus Hector Denmark

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1992 San Francisco Chris Perkins USA 1993 Oslo Jens Pedersen Denmark 1994 Copenhagen Christian Rasmussen Denmark 1995 San Francisco Craig McCabe USA 1996 Bergen Morten Heldal Haugerud Norway 1997 Copenhagen Frank Berg Denmark 1998 San Francisco Jens Christensen Denmark 1999 Oslo Frank Berg Denmark 2000 Copenhagen Kim Bruhn-Petersen Denmark 2001 San Francisco Frank Berg Denmark 2002 Bergen Jon Perkins USA 2003 Copenhagen Kim Bruhn-Petersen Denmark 2004 San Francisco Chris Perkins USA 2005 Oslo Jon Perkins USA 2006 Copenhagen Søren Pehrsson Denmark 2007 San Francisco Chris Perkins USA 2008 Bergen Lars Gottfredsen Denmark 2009 Copenhagen Kim Bruhn-Petersen Denmark 2010 San Francisco Jon Perkins USA 2011 Oslo Jon Perkins USA 2012 Copenhagen Lars Gottfredsen Denmark 2013 San Francisco Søren Pehrsson Denmark 2014 Bergen Lars Gottfredsen Denmark 2015 Copenhagen Anders Myralf Denmark 2016 San Francisco Chris Perkins USA

IKC 2005 in Oslo Photo:Louis Schnackenburg

16 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Regatta Administration & Organizing Committees The 49th IKC is a true group effort and we owe thanks to the many volunteers. In a true “Dugnad” spirit, many have contributed, and still are contributing to make this IKC a great event. Thank you to all of them! IKC 2017 Committees Chairman Alexander Arnesen ON98 91394614 Race committee liaison Morten Heldal Haugerud ON138 95757236 Regattadesk and Knarr Club Niels Kiær ON98 90828258 Support Dyveke Cappelen ON84 92440504

Royal Norwegian Yacht Club (KNS) Commodore Karl Christian Agerup Secretary General Anders Christensen

Race Committee Chairman Erik Ask KNS 99522818 First Race Officer Lloyd Tunbridge KNS 96741434 Karl Even Kjøstad KNS 93430356 Regatta Vessels Race Committee vessel: Dehler “Tyoe” Owner & Skipper Tom Ottar KNS 91321988 Nakholmen Kai Andre Fegri KNS Thor Petter Christoffersen KNS Martin Caspersen NKK Garnholmen Sivert Kalvik KNS Fritjof Wiese KNS Peter Hauff KNS Protest Committee: Chairman Bjørn Andersen Oslo Yacht Club Olav Klingenberg KNS Karl Even Kjørstad KNS Erik Ask KNS Harbor master KNS Einar G. Døsvig KNS 93408820 NKK Thor Petter Christoffersen ON98 93218435

Regatta and Boats: Chairman Morten Heldal Haugerud ON138 95757236 Chairman regatta week Inge-Bertin Almeland ON11 95193429 Erik Bergsbakk Holter ON14 47905593 Nils Petter Haugfos ON130 95808621 Odd Gutteberg ON16 90152469 Dag Ivar Ytreberg ON140 91627209 Geir Helge Svalastog ON104 91667098 Thor Petter Christoffersen ON98 93218435

17 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

On Shore Activities and Social events: Chairman Tilo Pfleger ON145 95443873 Lise Horntvedt ON14 90071838 Knut Espenes ON75 99570307 Erik Berg ON145 47915227 Communication: Dag Ivar Ytreberg ON140 91627209 Arjen Zwaanswijk ON138 91391256 Treasurer and Budget Niels Kiær ON98 90828258 Fundraising, sponsoring Alexander Arnesen ON98 91394614 Housing: Thor Petter Christoffersen ON98 93218435 Spectator boat Richard Lie ON79 41463985 IKC 2017 logo design Christian Haugerud ON138 92015775 Merchandise Niels Kiær ON98 90828258 Score Board Design: Kåre Windingstad 97586338 Inge-Bertin Almeland ON11 95193429 Odd Gutteberg ON16 90152469 Morten Heldal Haugerud ON138 95757236 Publicity and Press Alexander Arnesen ON98 91394614 Internett website Karl Even Kjørstad KNS 93430356

18 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Thropies Niels Kiær ON98 90828258 Alexander Arnesen ON98 91394614 Participations gifts Niels Kiær ON98 90828258

Photo: Erik Berg

How the IKC began…. The idea of an international championship was first brought up by Knud Wibroe, San Francisco, during the 125 years anniversary regatta outside Copenhagen in 1966 where 35 Knarrs participated. The idea was discussed with Knut E. Røsholm and among others Arne W. Kamfjord, Oslo and Erik Dugdale, Copenhagen and a working group was established.

Knut Røsholm, who at that time was the commodore of the Norwegian Knarr Club, had the responsibility of proposing the trust for the championship called «The IKC Deed of Trust».

The International Knarr Championship trophy, the silver half model of the Knarr, was made at «Marthinsen Sølvvarefabrikk» in Tønsberg, Norway. They have stated that if anything happens to the trophy it shall be returned to «Marthinsen Sølvvarefabrikk» for repair.

The first IKC was then held in San Francisco in 1969 and won by the late Robert York, Belvedere. The Trophy is perpetual and how it shall be presented and kept is stated in IKC Deed of Trust.

19 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Sailing Instructions and Special Regulations

Norsk Knarrklubb

Norwegian Knarr Association

49th International Knarr Championship 5th August – 12th August 2017 Oslo, Norway Organizing Authority (OA): Royal Norwegian Yacht Club (KNS) and Norwegian Knarr Association Oslo, (NKK) Norway

The notation ‘[DP]’ in a rule in the SI means that the penalty for a breach of that rule may, at the discretion of the Protest Committee, be less than disqualification. 1 RULES 1.1 The regatta will be governed by the rules as defined in The Racing Rules of Sailing 2017-2020. 1.2 The Nordic Sailing Federation and Norwegian Sailing Federation prescriptions will apply and are presented in Attachment A. 1.3 Knarr International Class Rules with Norwegian amendments will apply. 1.4 The International Knarr Championship (IKC) Deed of Trust (DoT), dated 2017, will apply. 1.5 In the case of failure of supplied equipment a boat may request redress in accordance with DoT 3J. This changes RRS 62.1. To request redress under this rule a boat must display a yellow flag conspicuously in her rigging at the first reasonable opportunity after the failure, and shall keep it

20 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

displayed until acknowledged by the Race Committee. This changes RRS 62.2. The boat must file a written request in accordance with RRS 62.2 1.6 Crew limits shall be in accordance with DoT 3I. The crew shall be no less than three and no more than four, including the skipper. The competitors must be declared at registration. Professional competitors shall fulfil the requirements in DoT 2D to be permitted to sail in an IKC as skipper or crew. 2 NOTICES TO COMPETITORS Notices to competitors will be posted on the official notice board located at the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club, Huk Aveny 1, 0287 Oslo, Norway. 3 CHANGES TO SAILING INSTRUCTIONS Any change to the Sailing Instructions will be posted before 10:00 on the day it will take effect, except that any change to the schedule of races will be posted by 18:00 on the day before it will take effect. 4 BOATS 4.1 Boats will be provided in accordance with DoT 3D, 3E, 3F and 3G. 4.2 Boats will be provided for all competitors, who shall not modify them or cause them to be modified in any way except that: (a) A compass may be tied or taped to the hull or spars. (b) Yarn or thread wind indicators, may be tied or taped anywhere on the boat. (c) Adhesive tape may be used anywhere above the water line. 4.3 All equipment provided with the boat for sailing purposes shall be in the boat while afloat. 4.4 The boats are equipped with red protest flag and yellow breakdown flag which shall stay onboard. 4.5 Competitors shall report any damage or loss of equipment, to the Technical Committee immediately after securing the boat ashore. 4.6 Each boat will be equipped with a log-book for boat condition statements. The log-book shall be completed according to instructions. Any breakdown of gear, loss of equipment or damage, however slight, whether materially affecting the boat’s performance or not, must be stated in the log-book and reported to the Technical Committee representative immediately after returning to the harbour, and before handing over the boat to the next skipper. The log-book shall be signed by the skipper and by the Technical Committee representative. Failing to do so will be regarded as a violation of the Sailing Instructions and will subject the skipper to protest and disqualification. 4.7 The boat assignments, as decided by the draw, will be posted on the Official Notice Board. Crews will change boats after each day, except after the practice race. Change of boats shall take place within 1 hour from returning to the harbour after completion of the race. It’s the skipper’s responsibility that no alterations violating the rules are made to the boat before the boat is handed over to the next skipper, or to a member of the Technical Committee. 21 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

4.8 There shall be no practice sailing in any of the Knarr Class boats assigned to the regatta, except for the practice race the first day. 4.9 No boats may leave the harbour before 1000 hrs, or before 1100 hrs for the practice race. If postponed before 1000 hrs the boats shall stay in the harbour until the signal according to SI 5.2 is given. After finishing the day's racing the boats must head directly for the harbour. 4.10 If any collision occurs, protest shall always be given, regardless of the use of alternative penalty. 4.11 In the event of grounding the boat shall, when returned to the harbour, be taken ashore. In the event of damage the skipper is automatically disqualified from that day's races. 4.12 Cleaning the boats bottoms by the competitors or their support assistants during the regatta at any time is prohibited. 5 SIGNALS MADE ASHORE 5.1 Signals made ashore will be displayed at the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club, Huk Aveny 1, 0287 Oslo, Norway. 5.2 Flag D with one sound means 'The warning signal will be made not less than 60 minutes after flag D is displayed. Boats shall not leave the harbour until this signal is made'. [DP] 6 SCHEDULE OF RACES 6.1 Compulsory pre-race meetings: Saturday 5th August at 10:00: Competitors' meeting, presentation of crews and draw of boats (skippers and crews are required to be present). After the practice race: flag hoisting ceremony followed by a reception with a meal hosted by KNS. 6.2 Dates of racing and number of races: Saturday 5th August One Practice Race (tune up). Sunday 6th August Two races Monday 7th August Two races Tuesday 8th August One race Wednesday 9th August No racing Thursday 10th August Two races Friday 11th August Two races Saturday 12th August One race One extra race per day may be sailed, provided that there becomes no more than one race ahead of schedule.

22 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

6.3 The scheduled time of the warning signal for the practice race is 13:00 and for the first race each day thereafter is 12:00. 6.4 On Tuesday 8th August and the last scheduled day of racing no warning signal will be made after 15:00. 7 CLASS FLAGS The Class flag will be a blue Knarr class insignia on a white rectangular background, alternative Flag E: 8 RACING AREAS Attachment B shows the location of the Racing Area. 9 THE COURSES 9.1 The diagrams in Attachment C show the courses, including the approximate angles between legs, the order in which marks are to be passed, and the side on which each mark is to be left. 9.2 No later than the warning signal, the Race Committee signal vessel will display the approximate compass bearing of the first leg. 10 MARKS 10.1 Marks 1, 2s and 2p will be orange inflatable marks. 10.2 Mark 1a is an orange ball set as an offset to Mark 1. 10.3 New marks, as provided in SI 13.1, will be green inflatable marks. 10.4 The starting marks will be the Race Committee signal vessel at the starboard end and an orange buoy at the port end. 10.5 The finishing marks will be a Race Committee vessel at the starboard end and Mark 1 at the port end. 10.6 A Race Committee vessel signalling a change of a leg of the course is a mark as provided in SI 13.3. 11 AREAS THAT ARE OBSTRUCTIONS 11.1 The chart in Appendix D show dangerous waters and the limits to the areas that boats may sail through and limitations to the Race Area. 11.2 The penalty for not complying with SI 11.1 will be disqualification from all races on the day the rule was breached. 12 THE START 12.1 Races will be started using RRS 26 with the warning signal made 5 minutes before the starting signal. 12.2 The starting line will be between staffs displaying orange flags on the starting marks. 23 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

12.3 The start will be postponed if the wind measured on the Race Committee signal boat is greater than 10 m/s for a period of at least 5 minutes. 12.4 To alert boats that a race will begin soon, the orange starting line flag will be displayed with one sound at least 5 minutes before a warning signal is made. In the event of a postponement or general recall of that race, the orange starting line flag will remain displayed for subsequent warning signals. 12.5 A boat that does not start within 5 minutes after her starting signal will be scored Did Not Start without a hearing. This changes RRS A4 and A5. 12.6 If any part of a boat’s hull, crew or equipment is on the course side of the starting line during the two minutes before her starting signal and she is identified, the Race Committee will attempt to broadcast her sail number on VHF. Failure to make a broadcast or to time it accurately will not be grounds for a request for redress. This changes RRS 62.1(a). 13 CHANGE OF THE NEXT LEG OF THE COURSE 13.1 To change the next leg of the course, the Race Committee will lay a new mark (or move the finishing line) and remove the original mark as soon as practicable. When in a subsequent change a new mark is replaced, it will be replaced by an original mark. 13.2 The offset mark 1a as described in SI 10.2 will not be set on a changed leg of the course. 13.3 Except at a gate, boats shall pass between the Race Committee vessel signalling the change of the next leg and the nearby mark, leaving the mark to port and the Race Committee vessel to starboard. This changes RRS 28. 14 THE FINISH 14.1 The finishing line will be between a staff displaying an orange flag on the finishing mark at the starboard end and the course side of the port-end finishing mark 14.2 Boats should return to the starting area of the course unless instructed to return harbour. 15 PENALTY SYSTEM 15.1 When a boat takes a Turns Penalty for an incident that occurred at, or in the zone of Mark 1, her earliest opportunity may be after rounding Mark 1a. This changes RRS 44.2. 15.2 The penalty for not complying with one of the SI 4.1 to 4.11 will be disqualification from all races or the races sailed in which the rule was breached. 16 TIME LIMITS AND TARGET TIMES 16.1 The Target Time will be 90 minutes and the Time Limit will be 2 hours. Failure to meet the Target Time will not be grounds for redress. This changes RRS 62.1(a). 16.2 If the mean wind as measured on the Race Committee signal vessel during a race is greater than 12 m/s for a period of at least 10 minutes, the race shall be abandoned. 16.3 Boats failing to finish within 20 minutes after the first boat sails the course and finishes will be scored Did Not Finish without a hearing. This changes RRS 35, A4 and A5. 24 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

17 PROTESTS AND REQUESTS FOR REDRESS 17.1 Protest forms are available at the race office in the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club, Huk Aveny 1, 0287 Oslo, Norway. Protests and requests for redress or reopening shall be delivered there within the appropriate time limit. 17.2 The protest time limit is 90 minutes after the last boat has finished the last race of the day or the Race Committee signals no more racing today, whichever is later. 17.3 Notices will be posted no later than 30 minutes after the protest time limit to inform competitors of hearings in which they are parties or named as witnesses. Hearings will be held in the protest room, located at the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club, Huk Aveny 1, 0287 Oslo, Norway, beginning at the time posted. 17.4 Notices of protests by the Race Committee, Technical Committee or Protest Committee will be posted to inform boats under RRS 61.1(b). 17.5 Breaches of SIs 19, 0, 23, 24, 26, 27 and 28 will not be grounds for a protest by a boat. This changes RRS 60.1(a). 17.6 On the last scheduled day of racing a request for redress based on a Protest Committee decision shall be delivered no later than 30 minutes after the decision was posted. This changes RRS 62.2. 18 SCORING 18.1 Ten (10) races are scheduled, four (4) races are required to be completed to constitute a Championship. 18.2 (a) When fewer than six (6) races have been completed, a boat's series score will be the total of her race scores. (b) When from six (6) to eight (8) races have been completed, a boat's series score will be the total of her race scores excluding her worst score. (c) When nine (9) or more races have been completed, a boat's series score will be the total of her race scores excluding her two worst scores. 18.3 Scoring in event of a request for redress under SI 1.5 will be handled according to DoT 3K. This changes RRS A10. 19 SAFETY REGULATIONS 19.1 A boat that retires from a race shall notify the Race Committee as soon as possible. [DP] 19.2 A boat that leaves the racing area between races shall notify the Race Committee as soon as possible. [DP] 19.3 Boats not leaving the harbour for any of the day's racing shall notify the Race Committee. [DP] 19.4 A personal floatation device must be brought on board by all competitors and worn when appropriate or in accordance with RRS 40. [DP]

25 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

20 REPLACEMENT OF CREW OR EQUIPMENT 20.1 Substitution of competitors will not be allowed without prior written approval of the Race Committee in compliance with DoT 3I. [DP] 20.2 Substitution of damaged or lost equipment will not be allowed unless authorized by the Technical Committee. Requests for substitution shall be made to the Technical Committee at the first reasonable opportunity. [DP] 21 EQUIPMENT AND MEASUREMENT CHECKS On the water, a boat can be instructed by a member of the Race Committee or the Technical Committee to proceed immediately to a designated area for inspection. Ashore, equipment may be inspected or measured at any time. 22 EVENT ADVERTISING Boats shall display event advertising supplied by the Organizing Authority. If this rule is broken, World Sailing Regulation 20.9.2 applies. [DP] 23 OFFICIAL VESSELS Official vessels will be marked as follows: - The Race Committee signal vessel - KNS burgee - Other official vessels – flag "T" 24 SUPPORT VESSELS 24.1 Support vessels shall be marked with signal flag “V”. [DP] 24.2 Norwegian law requires that all passengers in a boat smaller than 8m shall wear a personal floatation device. In larger boats a personal floatation device shall be available for all passengers. Each passenger shall provide their own personal flotation device. 25 TRASH DISPOSAL Trash may be placed aboard support or official boats. 26 HAUL-OUT RESTRICTIONS Keelboats shall not be hauled out during the regatta except with and according to the terms of prior written permission of the Race Committee. [DP] 27 DIVING EQUIPMENT AND PLASTIC POOLS Underwater breathing apparatus and plastic pools or their equivalent shall not be used around keelboats between the preparatory signal of the first race and the end of the regatta. [DP] 28 RADIO COMMUNICATION 28.1 Except in an emergency, a boat that is racing shall not make voice or data transmissions and shall not receive voice or data communication that is not available to all boats. [DP] 26 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

28.2 The Race Committee may use VHF to communicate to the fleet, including the location of the starting area, OCS sail numbers, general recalls and postponements. . Failure to make these broadcasts or failure to hear them shall not constitute grounds for granting redress. This changes RRS 62.1(a). 29 PRIZES 29.1 The winner of the series will receive the International Knarr Perpetual Trophy, which may be retained until the next Championship, and a permanent trophy. 29.2 Skippers and their crews of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth places in the series will be awarded prizes 29.3 The best skipper at midweek will receive the Georg von Erpecom Perpetual Trophy, which may be retained until the next Championship. 29.4 Mid-week prizes will be awarded to the three best skippers and crews after the first three days and presented at the mid-week Dinner. 29.5 Daily prizes will be awarded. 30 DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY 30.1 Competitors participate in the regatta entirely at their own risk. See RRS 4, Decision to Race. The Organizing Authority will not accept any liability for material damage or personal injury or death sustained in conjunction with or prior to, during, or after the regatta. 31 INSURANCE 31.1 This is a provided boat event. Boats are insured by a third party insurer arranged by the local fleet. 31.2 Each participating team expressly agrees to pay to the Norwegian Knarr Association NOK 7000,- (the «Deductible») per occurrence in the event that any boat the team is sailing is damaged, and/or equipment is lost and/or damaged. Each party involved in the incident, regardless of fault will be liable. Each participating team must pay this Deductible for each occurrence before they may use a boat in a subsequent race. 31.3 If a deduction from the damage deposit is decided by the OA, it may require the deposit to be restored to its original amount before the skipper will be permitted to continue in the event. In the case where a party to a protest is found to be at fault and whose actions are found to have contributed to an incident resulting in damage, they shall also be obliged to pay the above deductible.

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ATTACHMENT A NORWEGIAN PRESCRIPTIONS in English Nordic Sailing Federation and Norwegian Sailing Federations prescriptions to the RRS 2017 – 2020

NordicSF Prescription - Rules 30.2, 30.3 and 30.4: When rule 30.2, 30.3 or 30.4 applies, and the starting vessel is not a starting mark but is positioned on the extension of the starting line, the base of the triangle mentioned in these rules runs from the starting vessel along the extension and the starting line to the starting mark at the opposite end of the starting line.

NordicSF Prescription - Rule 63.4(d): Rule 63.4(b) does not apply at the following events held in NSF: international events, national championships, national selections for international events and national ranking list events. A person who has any conflict of interest shall not be a member of the protest committee at any of these events.

NordicSF Prescription - Rule 70.5: Denial of appeal in accordance with rule 70.5(a) requires approval from NSF. The request for approval must be received by the national authority no later than 8 weeks before the event.

NSF Prescription ‐ Rule 75.2: Participants in offshore races OSR Category 0, 1 and 2 organized by a member of NSF shall meet the requirements in NSFs prescriptions for offshore races, paragraph 2.

NordicSF Prescription - Rule 86.3: The restrictions in rule 86.1 do not apply if rules are changed to develop or test proposed rules. Any such change re quires approval by NSF. The request for approval must be received by the national authority no later than 8 weeks before the event.

NordicSF Prescription - Rule 88: The notice of race and the sailing instructions shall not change or delete Norwegian Sailing Federation or NordicSF prescriptions to the following rules: 63.4, 70.5, 75.2, 86.3 and 89.1.

NordicSF Prescription - Rule 89.1: The organizing authority of an international championship for a WS class must obtain approval from NSF. The request for approval must be received by the national authority no later than 6 months before the event.

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ATTACHMENT B

49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

ATTACHMENT C

1a Finish 1

2s 2p 2 2

Start

The course will be a windward/leeward one with offset mark and windward finish.

The marks will be passed in the following order: Start – 1p – 1a – 2s/2p – 1p – 1a – 2s/2p – Finish

The letters p (port) and s (starboard) indicate the side on which each Mark is to be left. The offset Mark 1a is to be left on the port side. If the offset Mark 1a is missing for any leg then the course will be: 1p – 2s/2p for that leg.

If either Mark 2s or 2p is missing the remaining Mark 2 is to be left on the port side.

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ATTACHMENT D

33 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Deed of Trust

International Knarr Championship Deed of Trust 2017 1. The purpose of the International Knarr Championship (IKC) is to provide a competition between friends united by their love of the Knarr. While it is a competition, all participants should enter the championships pledging to be the best sportsmen possible in their relations with each other and in the handling of the boats.

The Championship shall be held every year, alternating between the USA, Denmark and Norway. The first Championship will be held in the United States, at San Francisco, California in 1969.

In the event the German Knarr fleet achieves eligibility for membership of the International Knarr Association (IKA), Germany shall be included into the rotation as a host country every fourth year, beginning in its first year of such eligibility following an IKC hosted by the USA. Following Germany’s first hosted IKC, the ordering of host countries will continue in its previously established sequence. 2. A. Eligibility The host country shall decide the number of skippers with crew. The visiting countries shall each be granted a minimum of five berths for their skippers with crew. The host country may enter up to twice the number of skippers with crew as each of the visiting countries.

In the IKC competition at least one member of each qualifying team has to be at least a 1/3rd owner in the boat that the team sailed to qualify with. In the event of a bona fide charterer skippering in their entire IKC qualification series the ownership restriction may be waived by the Admiralty of the qualifying skippers country. If a co-skipper arrangement is in place for the qualification series, one skipper must be selected prior to the IKC and shall act as skipper for the duration of the IKC in question.

The champion of the previous year shall also be invited to participate provided that he is a Knarr owner of at least 1/3rd of a sailing Knarr at the time of the regatta. The ownership requirement may be waived by the Admiralty of the champion's country. If the previous year's champion does not sail in the regatta, the country of the defending champion shall be granted an additional berth in the regatta.

Skippers must be members of a National Knarr Association.

Beginning with the IKC in 2008, and every subsequent year until it achieves host country eligibility status as provided in Rule 1, Germany will be entitled to one entry in the Norwegian,

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USA and Danish hosted IKC’s, provided each of the following requirements has first been satisfied: (i) Germany establishes and maintains a one design Knarr class and association, accepting the Knarr International Class rules; (ii) Germany’s established Knarr class association has an IKC qualifying series of at least 4 races with at least 5 boats competing for the entry in the upcoming IKC; and (iii) Germany’s established Knarr class association accepts and adopts the IKC Deed of Trust in its entirety. Should one German team enter, the total number of IKC- contestants will increase with one berth.

B. Notice The visiting countries shall advise the host country of the names of the skippers that they will send before 1st April in the regatta year. If a visiting country advises the host country that they will not be filling their quota, then the host shall promptly offer any vacancies to the other visiting country. If there are several other visiting countries, the country to receive the offer is to be decided by draw. If there are still unfilled berths after making the offer to the visiting countries, then the said berths may be filled by skippers who raced in their own country's elimination series. If a vacancy is not filled by a qualified visiting skipper, then it shall be filled by the highest qualifying skipper from the host country.

C. Selections Each country's National Knarr Association will decide the system to be used in selecting their participants.

D. Professional competitors No professional sailor, as defined below, shall be permitted to sail in an IKC as skipper or crew, unless that person has sailed in 75% of the IKC qualifying races for that year. If the defending champion has not sailed the qualification races of the defending year, the crew he brings along shall meet the requirements of the rule.

A professional sailor is defined as a Group 3 competitor according to the World Sailing Sailor Classification Code being in force at the time of the IKC.

E. Responsibility of Skippers entering the IKC If the team includes a professional sailor as either skipper and/or crew, as defined under Rule 2D, the Admiral of the host country request that the Skipper in writing provide the dates of qualifying races these sailors crewed and/or skippered. This written response will be shared with the Admirals being the executive committee of the IKA for joint determination on eligibility. The joint Admirals may at any time before and during the IKC, without any explanation, ask any skippers for a written detailed explanation of competitor qualification under Rule 2D, and a list of the qualifying races the sailor participated in. The written response will be shared with the Admirals for determination on eligibility and thereby penalty. 3. A. Regatta Conditions The Championship shall be decided by a regatta of four (4) completed races and a maximum of fifteen (15) scheduled races. The host country shall determine the number of scheduled races to be sailed with the above limitations. There might be a tune-up race if the host country so decides. If six (6) races are completed, there will be one (1) throw-out, if nine (9) races are completed, there will be two (2) throw-outs and if thirteen (13) races are completed, there will be three (3) throw-outs. The Championship shall last 6-8 days and include a lay-day.

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B. Courses The courses shall, if the racing area permits, be of the "Knarr"-style. Port courses have preference.

C. Committees The host country will provide the required committees to conduct the regatta.

D. Boats The host country will make available the necessary number of boats complete with sails. All participating boats and sails must comply with Knarr International Class Rules.

E. Draw of boats The boats will be drawn by lot for each scheduled day of the regatta in an equitable manner. The crew must race the boat drawn for the scheduled day.

F. Standing rigging and running rigging With the exception of the backstay, tuning of the standing rigging during the regatta will not be allowed. The boats must be raced in the condition provided by the owner and the technical committee. Sheets, sheeting systems, cleats, barber hauls, battens etc. shall not be changed or modified by the competitors. Violation of this will be protested and reported and may result in disqualification from this race or the whole IKC series.

G. Substitution of boats or sails Substitution of boats and sails may not be made except in an emergency.

H. Racing rules Racing rules shall be the current Racing Rules of Sailing (RRS) as issued by World Sailing and the Sailing Instructions, which shall include this Deed of Trust.

I. Crew Limits The crew number shall be no less than three and no more than four, including the skipper.

The crew number and members must be the same in all races. No member of the crew shall be substituted unless a written permission is obtained from the Race Committee the day before the race, or in case of acute illness, as soon as possible. A skipper must be replaced with a crewmember.

J. Breakdowns New paragraph to RRS 62.1:

(e) Failure of supplied equipment A boat, disabled through an event as per RRS 62.1 (a) – (d) and through no fault of her crew, may request redress according to RRS 60.1 (b). Such boat must make every effort to finish the race, provided that further damage to the boat will not be incurred.

To request redress, the boat must display a yellow flag conspicuously in her rigging at the first reasonable opportunity after the breakdown, and shall keep it displayed until acknowledged by the Race Committee. This is a change of RRS 60 + 62. The boat must file a written request in accordance with RRS 62.2.

K. Scoring The scoring system shall be of the Low Point system type, except that RRS Appendix A10 is 36 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

modified to read as follows:

If the protest committee decides to give redress by adjusting a boat’s score for a race, it is advised to consider scoring her

a) points based on the position of the boat in the race at the time of the incident that justified redress; or a. points equal to the average, to the nearest tenth of a point (0.05 to be rounded upward), scored by the skipper i) in races in the same boat; or ii) in races before the race in question; or iii) in all the races in the series except the race in question.

L. Protest committee The members of the protest committee shall be able and qualified people. The host country can provide a complete protest committee (minimum three members), The visiting countries may appoint substituting or additional members.

4. A. Trophy The winner of the regatta shall be presented the perpetual International Knarr Championship Trophy.

B. It shall be the responsibility of the winner to keep the trophy safe and insured for replacement value. The winner shall also be responsible for delivering the trophy in the next host country in time for the next Championship regatta. 5. A. Miscellaneous Provisions. In the event the Knarr class expands to other countries, such countries shall have the right to compete for the Championship when eligibility for membership of the International Knarr Association has been achieved. Fitting other countries into the rotation is to be decided by the Executive committee of the IKA.

B. If the country next in line to hold the Championship declines to sponsor the event, the responsibility for sponsoring it shall pass to the next country in line.

C. Should the interest in the Knarr class wither, and no Championship be held for three consecutive years, the trophy shall become the property of the National Knarr Association of the country whose representatives have won it the most times. If a tie exists, the trophy shall belong to that country, whose representative won it most recently.

6. Deed of Trust. Amendments or changes to this Deed of Trust may be effected only by two-thirds vote of the members of the IKA, each member casting one vote. In the event Germany becomes eligible to host the IKC as provided in Rule 1, changes to this Deed of Trust may be effected by a majority vote of the members of the IKA, each casting one vote, beginning in the first year following an IKC hosted by Germany.

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****** Appendix

Earlier revisions of the Deed of Trust are published in IKC-programs for the years 1975, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2011 and 2014.

At the 48th International Knarr Championship, held in San Francisco in 2016, the Annual General

Meeting of the IKA agreed upon the above revised edition taking effect from IKC 2017. Revisions were made in several places, primarily adjusting the text to the establishment in 2012 of the International Knarr Association (IKA), the scoring of breakdown points and a general brush up.

Photo: Erik Berg

38 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

The Saga of the Knarr By Morten Heldal Haugerud 1973-1983 O NOR 36 - 1983 -> O NOR 138

Before 1940 The Saga of the Knarr started when Willy H. Johannesen and Lars Walløe made contact with Erling L. Kristofersen, and asked him to design a new "Folkboat”. It should be a cheap boat for cruising and racing. Kristofersen was chosen because he already had designed fast boats. The main reason for doing this was that the Nordic Folkboat was regarded as an ugly boat in Norway.

1943 Erling L. Kristofersen finished the design for “22 112 ni2 Lestebåt”. Kristofersen had the idea of building the boat bottom up on a fixed frame, attaching the keel after having finished the hull. Bolting the keel to the hull is today quite normal, but at that time it was a kind of revolution. To reduce the need for crew, Kristofersen did not design the boat with a spinnaker, and because of the war it was impossible to get lead for the keel, so it had to be made of iron.

1944 The work on the prototype was started at Einar Iversens property at Grimsøy near Sarpsborg. He had also bought Ottar G. Larsens boat yard, which later on became Grimsøykilen Boat Yard where a great number of Knarrs have been built. It was Iversen who initiated the idea of building the boat of planks with concave and convex edges so that they fitted together at various angles. The time used for building the boat was thereby reduced dramatically. The first boat had a calculated prize of NOK 4,500 (about 2/3 of the price of a Dragon). It was launched in the autumn of 1944.

During the war there were restrictions on boat building (and sailing). The Germans heard about the project, and to be allowed to continue, Iversen had to promise to give away the first boat to the Germans. Anyhow, Iversen delayed this by claiming that the prototype had too many faults so that another boat would have to be built for the Germans. A new boat with minor adjustments was built during the winter of 44/45.

1945 The war ended and the Germans did never got their yacht. ON 1 was finished without further delay in the spring of 1945. When the boat was presented at Dronningen in the autumn that year, many sailors were interested. However, the reception was rather mixed, the lines were new and her freeboard higher than usual. Despite the skepticism, Willy H. Johansen was able to get enough people interested in the boat to receive a couple of orders. The first boats were delivered in 1946.

1947 Two boats were delivered. The first, ON 4 Troja 4, for Sverre Andreassen is today the oldest Knarr still sailing. It was also available for IKC 93. The price in 1947 was now NOK 5,500 - 6,000. Quite a lot of money at that time, but still less than other boats of the same size.

39 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

1948 This was the year of breakthrough for the design. 12 boats were delivered. Grimsøykilen Boat Yard did not have capacity for so many boats, so Kilen Boat Yard in Kragerø was licensed to build the “22 1/2 m2 Lestebåt”. A naming contest was announced. Gunnar F. Klingenberg won, and the Knarr was finally given a name. As for the Dragon, the Knarr-name was taken from the Viking ships, a “Knarr” was a Merchant Ship. The replica Saga Siglar, which Ragnar Thorseth sailed to America for the Columbus anniversary, is also a Knarr.

1949 The number of Knarrs was almost 40, and there were now Knarrs in most of the cities around the Oslo fjord. The Royal Norwegian Yacht Chub (KNS) approved the Knarr as a National One-Design Class. KNS acting as Norwegian Sailing Association then approved the very first set of class rules (4 pages).

1951 Norsk Knarrklubb (The Norwegian Knarr Association) was founded on November the 1st. The first Admiral was Carl Høegh. The number of new Knarrs this year was 52, all delivered to Norway.

The Knarr rapidly became a large fleet. Here starting at Hankø in the Oslo fjord. Photo Ragge Strand (1955?)

1953 The Knarr was introduced in San Francisco by Bjørn Iversen, the son of Einar Iversen hwo was the first builder of the Knarr. Bjørn was studying at the University of Stanford, and Gordon Morison bought the first Knarr in San Francisco. Due to the Knarrs excellent handling of the strong breeze and choppy sea on the San Francisco Bay, it soon became very popular. It joined the company with Norwegian and Scandinavian designs as IOD and the Folkboat.

40 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

1954 The first Norwegian Championship was arranged at Hanko. Kristian Hansen became the first champion. There had been shown much interest for the Knarr both from Sweden and especially from Denmark. The possibility of building Knarrs in Denmark and Sweden was discussed with the Commodores of KDY (Royal Danish Yacht Club) and K.S.S.S (Royal Swedish Yacht club). The Knarr was approved as a National One Design Class in Denmark on November the 6th.

1955 On January 25th the Danish Yacht Racing Union ordered a Knarr plug from Einar Iversen, so Børresen Boat Yard in Vejle could build the first Danish Knarr. The first Knarr built Denmark was launched on May lst. It was then sold by lottery. The first Danish Admiral was Erik Dugdale with Axel Madsen Mygdahl as secretary.

The Knarr was used in team regatta between Belgium and Norway with 3 teams from each country. The winner was Norway. The Knarr was for the first time invited to participate in 'H.K.H Kronprinsens Serie Seilaser" in Oslo with 25 boats at the starting line. The Knarr has been invited every year since then. The Norwegian King is leading this regatta in person and the name is now “H.K.H Kongens Serieseilaser”. However, in 1955 and 2016 it was not the King but the Crown Prince of Norway who arranged the race.

1956 The Knarr Class raced on Øresund for the first time, and four boats participated in the Øresund Week.

1957 There were now ten Knarrs in Denmark. The first team regatta between Denmark and Norway was held in Oslo, Norway won.

1959 Two Knarrs were delivered to England. 75 Knarrboats with larger sails, rig and cabin (US version) were up to this year produced for the Lakes in USA. Boats from Denmark and Norway were sold to San Francisco (with the original rigging). The first 2 boats were delivered to Bergen.

1962 The first team race between East and West Norway was arranged, and it has been a yearly event since.

1965 More than 300 Knarrs have been launched in Norway.

1966 The Royal Danish Yacht Club (KDY) celebrates its centenary. 35 Knarrs participated in the Centenary Regatta (six from Norway, one from Sweden, and one from USA). ON 65 Irina with Georg v. Erpecom jr. sailed from Bergen to the Centenary Regatta in Copenhagen and then to Oslo. This was until then the longest journey made by a Knarr, and he was awarded the Royal Norwegian Yacht Clubs Cruise Racing Trophy for the journey.

Knud Wibroe from USA together with Knut E. Røsholm and Arne W. Kvamfjord from Norway discussed the possibilities of having an annual International Knarr Championship.

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1967 HRH Crown Princess Margrethe & HRH Prince Henrik of Denmark were given a Knarr for their wedding by KDY. HRH Prince Henrik later bought OD 71 and OD 121. The San Francisco Bay Knarr Association proposed, by Knud Wibroe, to have an International Knarr Championship. A committee in Norway lined out the first rules for the Championship.

1968 The Deed of Trust for the International Knarr Championship was recognized by the national Knarr authorities in Denmark, Norway, and USA. The International Knarr Trophy was produced by “Th. Martinsens Sølvvarefabrikk” in Tønsberg, Norway.

1969 The International Knarr Championship (IKC) was held for the first time in San Francisco, by San Francisco Yacht Club, which celebrated its centenary. The late Robert M. York of Belvedere became the first International Champion.

Knarrs tack around the leeward mar of the first race of IKC1971. The skipper of the leading boat, a Danish airline stewardess, was the only female on a helm during the series. Text and photo: "Of Wind, Fog and Sail Sailing in the San Francisco Bay” by Diana Beeston, 1972

1972 The wooden Knarr became too expensive to build. The number of boats built by Børresen had decreased during the last years and the plug at Grimsøykilen was falling apart. Bjørn Bakke and Knut Berge (from Bergen) discussed the possibility of having the Knarr built in fiberglass and Knut Berge was given the task of developing the idea. Together with Kristian Hansen (Oslo) and Jørgen Skovsgård (Copcnhagen) Knut Berge presented the ideas to Børresen in Vejle. Børresen had already been 42 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

successful with the fiberglass Dragon. Børresen was willing to build the fiber glass Knarr even though it was not possible to obtain 20 orders for the fiberglass Knarr, which he initially wanted to start the production.

A discussion about the rights and licenses arose with Grimsøykilen Boat Yard. Einar Iversen was in the beginning not interested in letting Børresen build in fiberglass. He claimed that Børresen only was licensed to build wooden boats. After some discussion, he agreed that the Norsk Knarrklubb was allowed to build fiberglass Knarrs at Børresen Boat Yard. The agreement was finally signed in January 1973. The IKC was held in Norway for the first time august 1972 by Bergen Yacht Club, that celebrated its centenary by being the first Norwegian Club to arrange the IKC.

1973 Grimsøykilen Boat Yard was sold to Sani Industri and the discussion about the rights and licenses was aroused again. Because Børresen had been building Knarrs since 1955 he started the production of a fiber glass plug even if Sani Industri did not accept his right to do so. To build the Knarr in fiberglass Børresen, first built a wooden boat and weighted all parts, by doing this be was able to calculate the correct weight distribution of the Knarr. This boat was used as a plug for the fiber glass forms/moulds. This wooden Knarr later became OD 66, one of the best Danish wooden Knarrs. The weight of the fiberglass Knarr was controlled by weighing a number of older wooden Knarrs. The first Danish fiberglass Knarr, OD 67, (Now NO 145) was delivered to Erling Sundø, The price was DKK 55.900.

1974 The first four fiberglass Knarrs in Norway were delivered to Bergen (ON 124, ON 125, ON 126, and ON 127). The new big jib going down to the deck and the main sail sheeting to a post in the cockpit was approved by Norsk Knarrklubb after it had been tested in Denmark.

1975 The fiberglass Knarr was presented at the exhibition “Sjøen for Alle” in Oslo. The red exhibition boat OD 75 was sold as the first fiberglass Knarr to Oslo and is today ON 128. IKC was held in Oslo for the first time (by KNS). For the first time a Norwegian won the Trophy, Lars Solberg of Bergen became International Champion of that year.

1978 The International Knarr Class Rules were assembled in a new edition.

1981 Præstø on Sjælland entered the Knarr family (7 boats). Two-thirds of the Knarrs racing in Øresund were fiberglass boats. More than 50 boats were frequently racing. Børresen was building about 6 to 7 boats every year, mainly for Denmark, but some were also delivered to San Francisco and Norway. The IKC was arranged by KNS for the second time by the Knarr fleet in Oslo and KNS.

1983 KNS celebrated its centenary by having Regattas at Hankø in the Oslo Fjord. 29 Knarrs (7 from Denmark, 4 from Bergen and 18 from the Oslo fjord) were again racing for Erling L Kristofersen Memorial Trophy. The Trophy was won by HRH Prince Henrik of Denmark. HM King Olav V was presented a half model of the Knarr for his 80th birthday From NKK.

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HRH Prince Henrik of Denmark, OD115, won the Hankø Raceweek celebrating KNS 100 year anniversary and King Olav V 80 year’s birthday July 2nd, 1983. 29 Knarrs participated. Denmark (7), Bergen (4) and Oslo (18). Photo: Morten Heldal Haugerud. 1985 The number of Knarrs starting in the Norwegian Championship was 33, the highest number of starting boats in a Norwegian Knarr Championship.

1990 Norsk Knarrklubb bought all Rights for the Knarr on February 7th and was thereby for the first time in position to license Yards to build Knarrs. A new edition of The International Knarr Class Rules with original drawings was issued.

1993 The Knarr celebrates its first 50 years and the 25th International Knarr Championship is held in Oslo. 28 Knarrs were participating. No other One Design Class has continuously organized a Norwegian Championship over so many years as the Knarr; every year since the first in 1954. The Knarr can therefore be considered as one of the most successful Norwegian Yachts ever designed.

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2005 The new Knarr builder C. Schneidereit Boatyard (CS) in Stade, Germany, delivers the first German built Knarr, ON 148, to Norway, Tønsberg and more boats followed. CS has up to 2015 as delivered three Knarrs for Denmark, finished by Sletten with a wooden deck, four for Norway (one with teak and mahogany deck) and one for Germany. They are all very beautiful Knarrs.

IKC 2005 in Oslo Photo:Louis Schnackenburg

2007 The aluminum mast and boom were introduced in Denmark and a test mast from H&H shown on OD106.

2009 The first IKC with aluminum masts (four) and wooden masts (21) was arranged. The aluminum mast without compensation weights was shown faster than the wooden mast. The US fleet agreed that all boats change to aluminum masts using the same specifications and profile as in DK. This aluminum mast and rig are assembled in US.

2011 Aluminum masts were delivered to the San Francisco fleet after local testing.

2012 The International Knarr Association (IKA) was established at the Admirals meeting IKC 2012 in DK.

2013 The aluminum mast with weight compensation was allowed in Norway after two years of testing. The project showed that the masts performed as equal as possible, and this was confirmed at the IKC 2014 in Bergen with both wooden mast and aluminum masts. This has kept the Knarr class together and prevented the Norwegian Knarr fleet from being split in two different classes.

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2015 At the new Skovshoved harbour the Knarrs now have their own pier.

About 40 Knarrs side by side in Skovshoved new harbor. 21 of them are here made ready for the IKC 2015. Photo: Morten Heldal Haugerud 2016 The Knarrs are the largest One design Class at KNS with 17 Knarrs side by side on the same dock. The new comprehensive ISAF edition of the Knarr rules was agreed after several years of work.

In 2018 the 50th IKC will be celebrated in Copenhagen. Together with the San Francisco and Norwegian Knarr Association, the Danish Knarr Club is working on a Knarr history book. This will reveal more about the history of the Knarr and the IKC.

What has made the Knarr to one of the most popular boats in Norway, Denmark and San Francisco over the last 50 years?

The answer is maybe in the statement made by the Dane Bent Aarre:

"Sejlerglæden er en båd, der er køn som Knarren' "The joy of sailing is a boat, as beautiful as the Knarr".

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Erling L. Kristofersen

Erling Lars Kristofersen was trained as a Naval Architect at NTH in Trondheim. He never intended to use his education for anything else than designing yachts - his big passion. He was deeply interested in new lines and made a lot of yacht studies, just to please himself. He had his own style which can be seen in many of the boats be designed.

He made never a living of designing yachts; it was only a hobby to him. He had his daily work at "Noma Teknisk Kjemiske", a factory producing stencil paper.

Among all the yachts designed by Kristofersen the best known are the “Knarr”, the “Kutter” and the “Oslojolle”. The Oslojolle was designed before World War II and was for many years the most popular junior sailboat in Norway. The Kutter is the little sister of the Knarr and was a popular junior boat in the fifties and sixties.

Erling L. Kristofersen’s specialty was the 19 1/2 Erling L Kristofersen m2. As a sailor this was also the boat in which he achieved his best racing results, together with his friend Nils Skriver. After the War he also tried to compete in a self-designed 5.5 m.

Most of the yachts Kristofersen designed were never built. To see the boat sailing on the sea was not the most important issue for him, be just loved to design yachts. Of course be appreciated that somebody realized his constructions, and most of the yachts realized were built by friends to whom he had shown his designs. This was actually the case with the Knarr as well, the Knarr was realized by the efforts of his friends Willy Erling L Kristofersen in his design “Oslojolle“ – The Oslo- Johansen and Lars Walløe together with the boat dinghy“ builder Einar Iversen. Foto: Norsk Maritimt Museum

Kristofersen has been described as a silent, bright, and thoughtful person who had an answer for most questions. He worked best during the night. He had many ideas and used new techniques and materials for his constrictions, The Knarr was at that time a modern yacht built with new techniques.

Kristofersen died young in 1956.

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The IKC Mid-Week Prize

«THE PERPETUAL GEORGE VON ERPECOM TROPHY»

Until the beginning of the eighties, there was no specific prize for winning the «halfway-race». The host fleets presented different prizes of varied quality. These were keeper prizes. At that time Georg von Erpecom sr. of Norway gave an old Cup, the “S.S.EOLUS HEDERSPRIS” till Göteborgs Kungl. Segel-Sällskaps 75-års Jubileumsregatta», to the Bergen Fleet. It had been in his collection for years.

There were no strings attached to the gift from the donator, but the sitting management of the Bergen fleet decided to use it for IKC Mid Week Prize under the name: «The Perpetual Georg von Erpecom Trophy». This was done partly in order to always have a nice prize to present to the winner of the Mid Week. Furthermore their intent was to honour Georg von Erpecom sr..for the great work and effort he has put into the organisation of Knarr racing and for being a great helmsman and competitor himself from the very beginning and for approx. 50 years.

David Holm of Denmark was the first to win the trophy in Bergen – IKC 1984. He immediately instituted the tradition concerning the return of the trophy to the next host fleet: «Last year’s winner should return the trophy containing a bottle of genuine French Champagne!» This has turned out to be a solid tradition that all trophy winners ever since have followed.

The trophy cannot be won for keeping and if the IKC races stop, it should be returned to the fleet in Bergen or – (if there is no organisation) – to: Bergens Seilforening, Hjellestad, Bergen, Norway.

Bergen, 16.06.1999 – Jan Møller Nielsen

48 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Oslo Information Practical APPS for your stay in Oslo - RuterBillett – tickets for the public traffic - RuterReise – timetables for the public traffic - Oslo Bysykkel – rent a citybike - Oslo – Official city app - Map of Oslo offline - NSB – train - Flytoget – airport expresstrain - OsloTaxi (taxifix) Good to know - Oslo visitor centre – at the main station, eastern hall https://www.visitoslo.com/en/product/?TLp=551940&O slo-Visitor-Centre - Oslo pass – The Oslo Pass gives you free entry to more than 30 museums and attractions, free travel on all public transport - 24 hours: 395 NOK, 48 hours: 595 NOK, 72 hours: 745 NOK - check out the app or https://www.visitoslo.com/en/activities-and-attractions/oslo-pass/ - Take out a citybike – this is one of the best ways to enjoy Oslo - 24 timer: 49 kr/ 72 timer: 99 kr https://oslobysykkel.no/en - VisitOSLO – all the information about sightseeing, attractions, transport and more u- use the App or the homepage What’s on? - ØYA festival – Oslo largest music festival at the Tøyenpark (in the middle of the town) from 8.8. to 12.8. http://oyafestivalen.no/

49 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Lay Day recommendations

Enjøy the city from the waterside

Take the public boats from Rådhusplassen/ Akerbrygge to the islands for å bath and relaxing or take a guided tur with båtservice sightseeing. https://www.visitoslo.com/en/activities-and-attractions/sightseeing/?TLp=181628&Batservice- Sightseeing Hop-on Hop-off sightseeing with buss, boat or train https://www.visitoslo.com/en/activities-and-attractions/sightseeing/?TLp=239312&City-Cruise-Hop- on-hop-off https://www.visitoslo.com/en/activities-and-attractions/sightseeing/?TLp=1220195&City-Sightseeing- hop-on-hop-off Sightseeing Use the OSLO app or the homepage to get all information’s for the main attractions, museums, gallery’s and more. You will get a lot of tips and suggestions here. https://www.visitoslo.com/en/activities-and-attractions/ The Well Enjoy towns paradise for Spa and Wellness, maybe especially when it should be rain weather. https://thewell.no/english Oscarsborg Fortress Take a nice day trip with the boat to the famous fortress in the Drøbaksund. Take boat B21 at 10.00 from Rådhusplassen. Arrival at Oscarsborg at 11:20. On return, take the boat at 15:15 to Drøbak and change to the buss nr. 500 to Oslo. https://www.visitoslo.com/en/osloregion/ culture/fortresses/?TLp=180567&Oscars borg-Festning www.oscarsborgfestning.no

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Havnpromenaden Oslo’s new harbour promenade combines sightseeing, history, art, architecture, and a little bit of adventure. The Harbour Promenade (Havnepromenaden) stretches nine kilometres along Oslo's water front. It ties the city together from east to west, turning different parts of town into a string of great experiences.

A trip along the harbour promenade takes you through many different parts of the city, both new and old, each with its own characteristics and unique experiences.

Sørenga, a brand new neighbourhood with great views to the city as well as the fjord. The district has become very popular among Oslosites, and is a perfect spot to enjoy the warm Oslo summer with music, ice cream and a seawater pool. You can start wherever you want but recommending is to take it from the west to the east. You can walk or go by a city bike. Large orange information towers are set up at regular intervals along the whole promenade, to make sure you find your way. https://www.visitoslo.com/en/articles/the-harbour-promenade/

51 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Royal Palace, Bogstadveien and Vigeland parken Behind the Royal Palace, towards the Vigeland Sculpture Park, lies the neighbourhood Majorstua with the streets Bogstadveien and Hegdehaugsveien – an established area for nightlife and shopping. Here you will find exclusive brands like Hugo Boss, DKNY and Massimo Dutti, but also stores like Zara and H&M. There are also many trendy clubs and bars, especially in Hegdehaugsveien. The Vigeland Sculpture park in the Frogner Park has more than 200 sculptures by Gustav Vigeland (1869–1943) in bronze, granite and cast iron, including The Angry Boy (Sinnataggen in Norwegian), The Monolith (Monolitten) and The Wheel of Life (Livshjulet). Vigeland was also responsible for the design and architectural outline of the park, which is one of Norway's top tourist attractions, with more than one million annual visitors. https://www.visitoslo.com/en/activities-and-attractions/boroughs/oslo-west/ https://www.visitoslo.com/en/activities-and-attractions/attractions/?TLp=181601&Vigeland-Sculpture- Park#product-info1

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Ekeberg skulpturparken and restaurant

Ekebergparken is a sculpture and national heritage park with a strong international art collection surrounded by beautiful scenery with many spectacular lookout points. There is also a museum (entrance fee) and a small art and design shop.

The park has several refreshment options for those who so desire. We recommend the Ekeberg Restaurant, Karlsborg Spiseforretning and the outdoor seating connected with Lund's House, the white Swiss chalet style villa at Kongsveien 23. In Lund's House you also find our museum and a museum shop. Adjacent is the children's own activity center, Hakkespettene, and the very popular climbing park.

The Ekeberg restaurant is a historic functionalist- style building with stunning views of the city and the fjord. During the summer months we welcome you with a beautiful outdoor service. Edvard Munch painted “The Scream” in front of this place. Take the tram to get there. It’s a very nice walk around the park with amazing views to Oslo city and the fjord. https://www.visitoslo.com/en/product/?TLp=818176#product-info1https://ekebergparken.com/en

53 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

Akerselva and Grünerløkka

Grünerløkka lies on the east side of the river Akerselva, behind the old industrial buildings. The area’s young and creative population dictates the selection: Hip yet relaxed, a bit out of the ordinary and usually family friendly. The borough is also home to an authentic diner, Nighthawk, and offers good alternatives for Spanish and Italian food. Grünerløkka is a great area for alternative shopping. Here you find small, independent shops that sell original clothes, jewelry, ceramics and art - everything from boutiques run by young Norwegian designers to cool vintage shops. Shopping at Grünerløkka can easily be combined with a walk along the river Akerselva, or a stop at one of the many cafés in the area. Or what about a cup of hot chocolate at the sweet little chocolate bar Cocoa by Birkelunden? https://www. visitoslo.com/en/articles/akerselva-river/ https://www.visitoslo.com/en/activities-and-attractions/boroughs/grunerlokka/

54 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th

IKC 2017 Sponsors

IKC 2017 wishes to thank our sponsors: - SWIMS - JOTUN - Schneidereit Boatyard - Hansen & Hamacher - Gran Seil - Sollerud Båtbyggeri og Slipp AS - RIME Advokatfirma DA - PLUSS, Quality Toys Import - Aas-Jakobsen - DNB - SRT Sport & Reklametrykk A/S - Antika Vintage Watches

Program Design: Arjen Zwaanswijk Front Cover: Design by Christian Haugerud, photo by Erik Berg Back Cover: Design by Pål Soelberg, photo by Bob Law, SFYC

IKC 2011 in Oslo Photo: Erik Berg

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NOTES

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NOTES

58 49th International Knarr Championship 2017 August 4th – August 12th