Careers in Psychology. INSTITUTION American Psychological Association, Washington; D.C
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. DOCUMENT WSW ED 127 207 SO 008 930 AUTHOR Nasschau, Richard.A.; Johnson, Margaret M.. TITLE 4. Careers in Psychology. INSTITUTION American Psychological Association, Washington; D.C.. pus DAM Apr 75 NOTE 32p. AVAILABLE FROM Aierican Psychological Association, 1200 17thStreet, NW, Washington, D.C. 20036 (single copy free, :2 -20 copies $0.60 each) EDRSJRICE MF-$0.83 Plus Postage. BC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS ,Career Awareness; *Careers;.Degree Requirements; Doctoral Degrees; Employment Opportunities; *Employment Qualifications; Employment Statistics; Higher, Education; Job Skills;" Masters Dojrees;, Occupational Guidance; *PsychologAst4-*Psycology; Public.Service Occupations; Research Opportunities; Resource Materials; Secondary Education; *Social Sciences; Teaching ABSTRACT This publication is intended to- help make secondar,y and college students aware of careers in psychology.Approximately one-half of the booklet contains sketches of 16 jobs in psychology emphasizing teaching, research, and public-service. For each job sketch there. is a general ddscription.of,the types of workinvo],ved and the educational background required. To help students understand what a career in this area involves, examples of an openposition, advertisement and a description oaf a successful applicant are provided. The publication also contains information cn the college degrees and employment statistics of psychologists, describes steps to take if-one is interested in becoming a psychologist,discusses the difference .that education and training make, and talks, aboutthe direction in which psychology is headed. A variety of other information sources is included /for persons seeking information about a career in. psychology._(Author/RM) ***********;***4******************************************************* * Documents acquired by ERIC include many informalunpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes everyeffort * * to obtain the best copy available. Neverthless,items of marginal. * * reproducibility are .often encountered and this affectsthe quality *, * of the microfiChe and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makesavailable .*. * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS)r.EDRSis 'not *, * ,responsible for the qUality.of the original document.Reproductions *,-- * supplied by' EDRS are the best.that can be made from theoriginal. *********************************************************************** I U.S. DEPARTMENT °FRE ALM. EDUCATION II WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO- OUCEO EXACTIIY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN- . ATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATEO 00 NOT NECESSARILY REPRE- SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EOUCATION POSrTION OR POLICY -PERMISSION TO REPROOUCE THIS. COPYRIGHTEO MATERIAL MY MICRO. FIIE ONLY. wAS BEEN GRANTg.D.BZ Eh:3 41,161e # &we. TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATIONS OPERAT ING.UNOER AGREEMENT.SWITH THE 14A INSTITUTE OP EDUCATION FURTHER REPROOUCTION OUTSIOE THE ERIC SYSTEM REQUIRES PERM'S SION OF. THE COPYRIGHT OWNER " American P4chological AssociatiOn 4. This booklet was prepared by RiciArd A. Published fiy the Ameri6anpsychOlOgical Association, Inc., 1200 17th Street, NAAt, Kasschau, Margaret M. Johnson, and Washington, D.C: 20036. Copyright c 1975 Nancy Felipe Russo with the advice and by the American PsyChological AssOciation. assistanceof the following persons: All rights reserved. Single copies are free to students, 2-20 copies Earl A. Alluisi are $.60 each for bulk order prices, contact Natalya Krawczuk-Ayers Publication Sales bepartment, APA, 1200, Theodore H. Blau Seventeenth Street, NAN., Washington, D.C. 20036. C. Alan Boneau Capers 0. Brazzell Office of Educational Affairs tine Bronfenbrenner J.Russell Nazzaro, Administrative qlfiter Arthur Centor Marie Skpdak Crissey Office of Communications Boris Chemey,-Director Robert Daniel Patricia Walsh, Editor, Special Publications Anita DeVivo Jeanne. McManus, Technical Editor Del Eberhardt Robert M. Gagne j Printed in the United States of America .lane D. Hildfeth Barbara Kanter an0 students MinasKelty I , Barbaia A. Kirki Richard A. Kulp^ Judith Kuppersmith Ronald B. Kurz Thomas Magoon Richard A. Monty J. Russell Nazzaro Fay-Tyler Norton cap Mark O'Dowd and students Harley Preston 44, Betty Pugliese Bertram H. Raven Wilbert S. Ray James J. Regan K. Warner Schaie Virginia L. Senders Elliot R. Siegel Angela Snowden Carolyn Suber Harold P. Van Cott Julia Vane/ Shalom Vineberg Michael Wertheimer AP, Tom Willette Jan -Woodring It TABLE What Is Psychology? 2 CONTENTS Carders in Psychology Teaching 4 Research 7 Public Seryice 1.1 Another Way to Answer the Question 16 How Do I Become a Psychologist? 18 What Difter.ence Does Education and Training Make? 20 Where Is Psychology Headed? 22 The American Psychological Association 24 Divisions of the APA. 24 PUlications 25 Information Services 26 Additional Sources of Information 27 Special Groups of Interest 'to-Students 28 1 . Overheard in athree-way conversatiorx "Psychology is what's already known about human and animal behavior. That's psychology." "No, psychology is a way of discovering new knowledge afloat human and ani- mal behavior. That's, psychology." "No, psychology is a way of using what's known about human and animal be-. haviof. That's psychology." All of these definitions.are right. yet each is only partly right. Knowledge about hyman and animal behavior exists, and ty's psychology_a's a . discipline,--the body of knowledge from which teachers teach. But ttiat.knowl- edge first Must be discovered, and that's psychology as a science the - special methods that researchers usia to study behavior. The knowledge, once gener-- aced, may be appliep to proMote Aurnan welfar,e, and that's psychology asa prolessi4-what those in publicser- vice and applied psychology do. There you hmie a definition in three' pacts: Psychology includes a body of knowledge, methods of research to ob- WHAT tam such knowledge, and the dpplica- , tion of that knoyvledge to benefithuMan- IS, , kind. The trouble is th"at the definition `PSYCHOLOGY? doell'h tell you very much about what psychology is, To understand fully what the word means, you need to spend some time With itto see it in action and in context. Psychology in action is.what psychologists do. Pswhology in context is where psychologists work, withoyvhom and with what they work: To put psychology in action and in context, we have prepared some typical job bdver- tisements and coupled them with ficti- tious descriptions of pefsOns who might successfully do the job. Before each of these particular descriptions, there is a general description of the type of 2 r ,r psychologist d,r psychological worker . T poktant'ponts msLbe noted who is being descybed before ou efpard the tolloviing sketches. As you read the sketcheslhink about First, mime berthat the positions listed the diversity of work the people are do- aroonlytypicalof those available from ing. Think also about what they have in the type otemployer thathas been 'den- Commonwhy they are identified as tifie/J. The position is fictional, as is the psychologists or psychological workers. Salary. The salary is typical of 1974 Think too about the amount oftrainingr rates. With allowances for inflation, , after high school that they have had. The these rates can then be used terestimate level and extensiveness of(that training the salattnow being paid for the same are reflected by the degrees or certifi- type of pq$ition. However, the salaries cates a pion has earned An as, , given arei only examples. Consider a .sociate degree (Assrpciate of Arts or As- person w o is an Associate Prote.saor of sociate of Science) Is earnecildr approx- Psychology with a PtilD and eight years imately two years of study after, high of expenerye and who is erriployed as a school, a bachelors degreeBachelor of teacher arid researcher in estate uni- Arts or Bachelor of Science) after four versity. In 1974. such a person could .'- years of sty Followinggraduation have earned a salary ranging anywhere from college, a rnasteri degree (Mester frpm $11,p)to $26,900', depending on of Arts. Master of Science, or Master of the particular college or university in-, 6 Education) can be earned after one or volved. / descripttlonis only two gears of work as a graduate student. Second, e,acttiob Nia a doctor s degree, whether for the Doc- one anTong many positionthatcould . tor of Education (EdD), Doctor of illustrate the.type of ps.ycholOgist iden- PZIosophy (PhD), or Doctor of Psychol- tified in the general description. Fonin- re& (PsyD), usually requires four or stance, a person called a Clinical more years of work. To encourage qual- psychologist might be employed as (a) ity graduate education, the American the chief psychologist in a 'state mental Psychological AsSd6iation haS set upa . hospital:(b) the chairperson of the de- process of accreditation for graduate partment of psychology in a lahje state programs rn clinical. counseling, and university, (c) a state commissioner of school psychology Also, in some states, mental health. (d) a member of a practic- cer/ain kinds of psychologists must be - ing professional team that includes a licensed or certified The requirements medical doctor,'a psychiatrist. and two and procedures of accreditation and psychOlogists; (e) a consultantio an ad- If licensing and of certification arp discus- vertising agePicy; or (f) amndependent eed,amore doted in the section called practitioner. Hail Do I Become'a Psychologistr; While you read this