Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 103 2017 International Conference on Culture, Education and Financial Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2017) Study on the Complementation and Harmony of Zhongnan Culture with Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism Hongqiao Song Xi’an Fanyi University Xi’an, China Abstract—In the long history of China, Confucianism, Chinese nation for thousands of years with its strong moral and Buddhism and Taoism culture runs through the mainstream ethics and political management ideas. Its root cause is tightly values of the Chinese nation for thousands of years with its bound to Zhongnan Culture. This paper begins with the strong moral and ethical awareness as well as political historical origins and relationships of Zhongnan culture and management thought. Its root cause is tightly bound to the the Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, to offer a few of the Zhongnan Culture. Western Zhou Dynasty built its capital at the author's humble opinions. foot of Zhongnan Mountain, established the ritual system, which become the origin of Confucian morality. There are eight schools of Chinese Buddhism, of which six are originated in Zhongnan II. ZHONGNAN CULTURE AND CONFUCIANISM Mountain. Taoism originator Lao Tzu realized enlightenment Confucianism, represented by Confucius doctrine, has been and preached in Zhongnan Mountain, and wrote five thousand spreading in China for thousands of years. The ancient saying words of "Tao Te Ching" at Louguantai. The inclusive exchange, goes: "half" the Analects of Confucius" rules the country", mutual influence and improvement of traditional Chinese which fully illustrates the position and role of Confucius and Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in Zhongnan Mountain Confucianism created by Confucius in the minds of the area reflect the integration and long-lasting of Zhongnan culture. Chinese people, as well as the influence on China’s politics, Keywords—Zhongnan culture; Confucianism; Buddhism; economy and culture over two thousand years. The core of Taoism; harmony Confucius Confucianism comes from the Rites of Zhou, which was born in the capital of Western Zhou Dynasty, namely Fengjing and Haojing. According to research, Feng Hao site is I. INTRODUCTION located at both sides of Fenghe River in the area of Mawang Zhongnan Mountain of Guanzhong is located in the central Town and Doumen Town of Chang’an District in the north of area of Qinlong culture. "Shangshu • Yu Gong" has mentioned Zhongnan Mountain. Fengjing is in the west of the river, and the word of "Zhongnan", "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" Haojing is in the east, both of them are collectively referred to referred it as "Nanshan". Since Western Zhou Dynasty, Qin, as Feng Hao. Feng Hao is the first capital with a strict planning Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties and other thirteen dynasties built in the history of China. their capital in the north of Zhongnan Mountain. As the Feng Hao is the political, economic and cultural center of birthplace and spreading place of Chinese culture, Zhongnan the Western Zhou Dynasty. The political system, ritual culture, Mountain developed into the ancient Chinese Yellow River ideological doctrine, literature and art, the bronze inscriptions, Cultural Center, and the integration of core elements of etc. of the Zhou Dynasty are produced, developed and Chinese culture, which was known as "cradle of Chinese continued in Feng Hao. In Feng Hao, Zhou Gong established civilization." Zhongnan Mountain, what we say today, as for the patriarchal system first of all containing both political the common characteristics of natural geography and cultural power rules and kin moral constraints, and established activities, refers to Shaanxi Guanzhong area of Qinling pyramid-style strict rule for the emperor, princes, ministers and Mountains and the Weishui drainage basin at its north, namely scholars; and developed rites and music and established the the middle section of Qinlin Mountains with its west from ritual system to fix the hierarchy relationship. Therefore, Zhou Wugong and ends at Lantian to the east. As the birthplace of culture is a kind of "rite-respecting culture" (Fan Wenlan national culture, Zhongnan culture follows the same strain and "General History of China" First Volume). The contents of rite continues for thousands of years. Its content is broad, profound contain "Qin Qin" that implements the principle of blood clan and long-lasting, integrating the core content and elements of which means to be close to those should be close to, and "Zun traditional Chinese Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. In Zun" that executes the principle of political relations which the long history of China, Confucianism, Buddhism and means to respect who should be respected. [1] P4 Because Boqin, Taoism culture runs through the mainstream values of the the eldest son of Zhou Gong, was granted in Lu representing Fund Project: Shaanxi Province soft science research funded research Zhou Gong, so the rite of Zhou was completely brought to Lu. project of "Research on Management Thought in Zhongnan Folk Culture" The rites of Zhou followed by Lu directly developed the (2015KRM162). Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. 350 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 103 Confucian school with Confucius as the representative. Zhongnan culture. Zhang Zai of Song Dynasty gathered Confucius respected the Rites of Zhou:"the Rites of Zhou is students and advocated Confucianism at Hongqu Academy in established by referring to that of Xia and Shang dynasties, Zhongnan Mountain, becoming the founder of "Guan School" which is rich and complete, so I follow the system of Zhou!" and a master of Confucian Thought. His thoughts and writings (Analects of Confucius · Ba Yi). In the Spring and Autumn had been regarded as one of the bases for governing the period, the Rites of Zhou was advocated strongly to restrain country, selecting talents and the required books of imperial and deal with the relationship between people, advocating examinations by the governments of Ming and Qing dynasties. "restraining ourselves to the degree of conforming to the Rites The academic research, theoretical achievements and rules for of Zhou can achieve the state of benevolence" "do not watch, governing a country and so on highlight the inclusiveness and listen to, talk about or perform those do not conform to diversity of Zhongnan culture, so that Zhongnan culture etiquette" (The Analects of Confucius · Yan Yuan), to build contains both the official culture of Confucianism, namely “try the way of etiquette as a social model, the way to be gentleman to let others be benefited in success”, and the seclusion culture, as the personality model, and the golden mean of behavior namely “protect ourselves in poor”, providing pure land to the pattern. [1]P4 Confucius advocated "rites" and laid the aggressive people and the retired ones of various dynasties to theoretical foundation for China to be a state of etiquette. cultivate their moral character and nature. During the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted the proposal of Confucianist Dong Zhongshu Cheng Hao of Song Dynasty praised “Guanzhong people and established the dominant position of Confucianism learn language and politics, discuss politics and the knowledge through "rejecting all kinds of theoretical schools but about rites, music, military and punishment, all the people are Confucianism," and various dynasties after Tang Dynasty all interest in learning”, Zhang said, “the value of learning lies in took Confucianism as the way of governing the country. its usefulness”. Zhongnan scholars were committed to the Therefore, it can be said that Zhongnan mountain area is the study of art of war and well-field system, which was the birthplace and spreading place of Rites of Zhou. Although inheritance of practical use spirit, but also the expression of Confucianism was generated in Lu, its ideas were derived from Confucianism’s active attitude toward life. Obviously, Zhongnan Mountain. Confucianism and Zhongnan culture can be seen in each other through cohesion, and had penetrated into the daily life of Ever since Zhou, Qin and Han dynasties, Zhongnan people in Zhongnan area and advanced with the times. Today, mountain area had played a very important role in the it still has a significant impact on the mainstream cultural promotion of Confucianism. Ma Rong, the Confucianist of consciousness, thought form and ethics of Shaanxi Zhongnan Eastern Han Dynasty, studied with the famous scholar Zheng area and even the Chinese society. Xuan at Zhongnan Mountain when he was young. He devoted himself to the study of Confucian classics, and then spread III. ZHONGNAN CULTURE AND BUDDHISM Confucianism in Guanzhong with students of more than 400; Zhongnan Mountain is the main birthplace of Buddhism the famous Confucian master Zheng Xuan also studied the [3]P100 Confucian classics in Zhongnan Mountain, which laid his after the Buddhism has been transmitted to the east. Take position in Confucianism. [2]P54 During the period of Han Zhongnan Mountain as the center, and from west to east, take Dynasties, "old and well-known families were fond of rites" Guifeng Mountain, Qinghua Mountain, Xiaowutai Mountain, indicated that the etiquette of western Zhou still formed the South Wutai Mountain, Cuihua Mountain, Jiawutai Mountain, Confucian classics family in the social environment at that Taixing Mountain and other mountains as the coordinates, to time, and a number of Confucian classics masters emerged, form the dotted temple group. There are forty or fifty famous such as Ma Rong, Jia Kui, Zhao Qi, Feng Bao and Yang Zhen. temples include Xingjiao Temple, Xiangji Temple, Caotang These scholars wrote either classics or history and concerned Temple, Jingye Temple, Fengde Temple, Tianchi Temple, about social politics, making contribution with regional Xingqing Temple, Guoqing Temple, Xilin Temple and Mituo Temple.