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Aerospace Technology DOCUMENT RESUME ED 111 630 SE 017 467 TITLE The Aerospace Age. Aerospace Education I. Instructional Unit II. 'INSTITUTION Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, Ala. Junior Reserve Office Training Corps, PUB DATE [ 71] NOTE 73p.; For the accompanying textbook,see ED 068 286 EDRS PRICE ,F ?IF-$0.76 HC-$3.32 Plus Postage DESCRIPTORS *Aerospace Education; *Aerospace Technology; Course Organization; Curriculum Guides; Development; History; *Instructional Materials; Resource Materials; *Science History; SecOndary Education; Teaching Guides; Unit Plan IDENTIFIERS *Air Force Junior ROTC ABSTRACT This curriculum guide is prepared for the textbook entitled "The Aerospace Age," published in theAerospace Education I series. The guide is organized by objectives, behavioralobjectives, textbook outl4ne, orientation, suggested key points,suggestions for teaching,-ilMtructional aids, projects, and further reading.,Malor points stressed in the textbookare briefly explained in the guide. Some background information is also included on each chapter.Page references corresponding to the textbook are given. (PS). *********************************************************** *****4**** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makesevery effort * * to obtain the best copy' available. nevertheless, items of marginal-* * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions* * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. *********************************************************************** .L% U S OEPARTME'NT OF HEALTH. EOUCATION t WELFARE NATIONEAoLucAINSTTmIr OF THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEE REPRO DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEI ED FROM THE PERSON OR ORC.ANiZATt NORIGIN INSTRUCTIONAL UNIT II MING IT OiNTSOF VIEW 0 OPINIONS /-1 STATED DO NOT NECESSARi Y RERE III SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL IN TITUTE OF THE AEROSPACE AGE . EDUCATION POSITION OR LICY INSTRUCTIONAL UNIT OBJECTIVES - Each student should: O a. Understand the technological achievements symbolized re\ by the modern aerospace environment. T-1 b. Be familiar with man's early attempts to fly. r-i c. Know the developmental sequence of the major technical cn events that led to the Aerospace Age. d. Be familiar with possible future developments in aerospace. PHASES IN INSTRUCTIONAL UNIT II: I. AN INTRODUCTION II. AN AGE-OLD DREAM III, WINGED FLIGHT: A REALITY IV, AVIATION COMES OF AGE V. THE AEROSPACE THRESHOLD Vt. THE MODERN AGE 2 THE AEROSPACE AGE PHASE I AN INIVUCTION This section presents a brief-overview of the modern Aerospace Age and the impact of rapid technological change on modern transportation systems. It shows how, in a relatively shot period, man not only gained mastery of the air with wi ed aircraft but also developed space vehicles that to him to the moon. It discusses some of the latest 5Ievelopments in winged flight and space exploration./ 1. PHASE' BjECTIVES Each student should: a. U derstand how powered flight revolutionized man's /transportation systems. 7 bC Be familiar with major achievements in winged flight since the late 1950s. c. Know some of man's achievements i,11 the space environment. BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES - Each student should be able to: a. Give two eamples .why, the airplane is the most revolutiohhry transportation medium in man's history. b. Identify three significant technological improvements represented by military and commercial aircraft currently in operation. c. Cite specific engineering accomplishments that make the US manned space program the high point of aerospace technology. 3. TEXTBOOK OUTLINE: a. The impact of aviation on transportation systems. b. Comparison of modern aircraft with the Wright Flyer. c. Major advances in aviation. since the late 1950s. (1) C-133 Cargomaster (2) C-5 Galaxy (3) F-111A (4) Boeing 747 - (5) Other modern aircraft d. peginning of the Space Age (1) Sputnik I and 1.1 (2) Explorer I e. Manned space program L (1) Significance of manned spaceflight (2) The first mannedspaceflights (3) Project Gemini (4) Project Apollo 4. ORIENTATION: a. The purppse of thisfirst learning phase is to set the stage for studyingthe technical evolutionof powered flight. Major emphasis im is phase focuSes on the airplane asthe symbol of rapidtechnological progress during thetwentieth century. For thousands of years, man could transporthimself only on the surface of the earth at averagespeeds no greater than 35 to 40 miles perhour. And then, with the discovery of powered fhtin the early twentieth century, he not only surmountedphysical barriers that had restricted hismovements but alsoincreased his capacity to move atspeeds greater than4,000 miles per hour in wingedaircraft and up to 25,000 miles per hour in mannedspacecraft. Of,even greater significance is thelact'thathe achieved these speeds in an unbelievablyshort period of slightly more than 60 years. This means that modernman-lives in a period when rapid andprofound change istrfule rather than the exception.' phase b. You probably will findit worthwhile'in this to use the text material asa vehicle fordeveloping students an awareness andinterest on the part of your concerning the moderntechnological environment. Air and-space travel hasbecome so common within today the past, 10 or 15 yie,p.rsthat the young man of may tend to takeit for'granteck.,- Themachines comprising the modern aerospacednvironinent'represent -fantastic technologicalachievements. But?the';0.1 evolution of human flight fromthe days'when man could only gaze at birds anddream of flying to the modern age when he journeyedto the moon isitself a fantastic story ofhuman ingenUity and 'resource- fulness thatnly the airplane cantell. 11-2 I 5. SUGGESTED KEY POINTS: a. During aperiod of roughly a half million years,, man livedat 'the bottom of a vast ocean ofair and had no other (J-5) pp 1-9** Even (J-12) pp 11-78, use for it exceptto breathe. 113-189* after he improved hismobility with limited (J-148) pp 13-29* mechanical conveyances, he was fok about 50,000 years tosurface movement at speeds no greaterthan 35 miles per hour. Suddenly, in the span of aboutthree-fourths of a century, he became ableto move unrestricted over surfacebarries at fantasticspeeds.' When the Wright brothers introduced theAerospace Age in 1903, they not onlyprovided man with an almost unlimitedmedium for reaching the most remote spots onthe earth's surface and,ultimately, the moon.' They alsoushered in a period of bursting technologyand rapid change that continuesunabated even as this iswritten. It took less than100 years for the airplane to of f:ThrinuM:=1; (J-1) Part 1, modern aero- pp 2-14** designs that comprise the spaceenvironment. ,The most rapid, (J -5) pp 1-9* diming the past (J-24) pp 293-346** advances have occurred 12-158** two decades. An Air Force C-133- (J-25)'p record-setting (J-49) pp 26-48*** Cargomaster made a flight in 1958 by carrying117,000 pounds of cargo to analtitude of 10,000 feet. Just 10 years later, .the.C-2 Galaxy becameoperational with_ et) pounds.' - thevftgapitv, to dorky 2617P of cargo'. for distanicesof 2,700 nautical miles. In 1954, the Boeing707 commercial jet revolutionizedair- passengertransportation with its speedy safety, and comfort, but,in 1968, this airliner faded into,the background when the Boeing-747jumbo jet took. to the air assthe world'slargest and 11-3 , fastest airliner to fly below the speed of sound. The same peridd saw the flights of supersonic bombers and fighters capable of speeds greater than;three times the speed of sound. The ;Soviet Union launched the world's first supersonic airliner capable of carrying 120 passengers at a speed of 1,550 miles per hour. Numerous other modern aircraft, such as one-man helicopters, two-passenger private ,planes, 25-passenger airliners, and others, have distinguishing features that make them adaptable for almost any type of travel. c. As miraculous as were the advances made by the airplane in the past 10 (J-1) Part 6, or so years, some of the most electri- pp 4-65** fying developments in the technology (J-5) pp 138-147* of flight came with the launching of (J-25) pp 160-249** Sputnik I and the Space Age in 1957. ,) (J-28A, B, C, D, Quickly on the heels of the Sputniks E4 FG, H- in 1958, -tie- United States launched 8 Vols.)***.° its. first Orbiting satdllite, Explorer Aerosciencev I, and,.in slightly over 10 years, pp 558-602*** placed more than 240 space vehicles (J -105) pp 30-77** in orbit. The most dramatic achieve- (J. -145) `pp 144-194** ments dame with the 'Apollo flights when man demonstrated that he could design .a machine that would carry him to the moon across 233'000 miles of spade at speeds as high as 25,000 miles per hour. In little more than a decade, he advanced from the technology of. Explorer I, a tiny, satellite the size At a,:grapefruit, to" the technology of t: I Apollo, a toweringsgiant 36 'stories'' , `high. weighing millions of pounds. With its Saturn5 booster and 3.5 million parts,.the. Apollo is the capstone of engineering and manufacturing achieve- mentsan the twentieth century. In addition to the engineeringcomplexities) of the Apollo spacecraft, the ground 1 facilities necessary to support the Apollo stagger the imagination with I 11-4 6 their enormous size. Various stages of the spacecraft are mountedon a launch platform the size ofa baseball diamond inside a building 50 stories high. To transport the spacecraftto the launch site three and one-half miles away, a giant caterpillar with tracks 10 feet high and 40 feet long moved with the spacecraft, a launch tower, and the platform over a road wider than an eight-lane freeway. 6. SUGGESTIONS FOR TEACHING: a. Suggested time. Number of Academic Recommended Number of Periods Periods per Week for this Phase 1 2 3 4 6 2 x 3 x 4 x b.
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