DOCSLIB.ORG

Evaluation Fo the Relationship of Service Levels, Functional

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Evaluation Fo the Relationship of Service Levels, Functional Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. TX-99/1988-S 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF SERVICE LEVELS, August 1999 FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES, AND DESIGN STANDARDS FOR 6. Performing Organization Code GENERAL AVIATION AIRPORTS 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Jeffrey D. Borowiec, and George B. Dresser, Ph.D. Report 1988-S 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Texas Transportation Institute The Texas A&M University System 11. Contract or Grant No. College Station, Texas 77843-3135 Project No. 7-1988 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Texas Department of Transportation Project Summary: Research and Technology Transfer Office September 1998 - August 1999 P.O. Box 5080 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Austin, Texas 78763-5080 15. Supplementary Notes Research performed in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation. Research Project Title: Evaluation of the Relationship of Service Levels, Functional Categories, and Design Standards for General Aviation Airports 16. Abstract This study examines certain airport design standards in an effort to understand the rationale behind their development. Researchers studied the standards to identify potential standards for relaxing. The focus is on smaller, less active airports where revised standards may make certain needs and projects affordable without compromising safety and operational capabilities. Accident records were reviewed to determine what role, if any, the accidents were caused by insufficient design standards. Existing standards were reviewed and revised standards were recommended based on the role and functional category of particular airports. Finally, the impacts of these revised standards for smaller, less active airports were examined by reviewing the potential for cost saving on projects included in two separate capital improvement programs. 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement Airport System Planning, Texas Airport System, Airport No restrictions. This document is available to the public Design Standards, Airport Roles, Airport Functional through NTIS: Categories National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, Virginia 22161 19. Security Classif.(of this report) 20. Security Classif.(of this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 90 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF SERVICE LEVELS, FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES, AND DESIGN STANDARDS FOR GENERAL AVIATION AIRPORTS by Jeffrey D. Borowiec Assistant Research Scientist Texas Transportation Institute and George B. Dresser, Ph.D. Research Scientist Texas Transportation Institute Research Report 1988-S Research Study Number 7-1988 Research Study Title: Evaluation of the Relationship of Service Levels, Functional Categories, and Design Standards for General Aviation Airports Sponsored by the Texas Department of Transportation August 1999 TEXAS TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE The Texas A&M University System College Station, Texas 77843-3135 IMPLEMENTATION RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the results of this research project, the research team proposes the following recommendations for TxDOT: 1. Where applicable and appropriate, use the NASAO/IES lighting guidelines at smaller general aviation airports. This could result in a cost savings while providing the facility with a level of service adequate for its functional category. 2. Continue to give consideration to the functional category, role, and service level of airports requesting funding. This practice has shown that resources are being appropriately allocated. This is particularly the case for pavement construction/rehabilitation projects due to the substantial costs involved with such projects. 3. In addition to the NASAO/IES guideline, use of the revised design standards outlined in Chapter 4 for smaller, less-active general aviation airports can result in some cost savings. 4. Continue to explore and pursue potential cost saving strategies with respect to pavement construction and pavement management projects. This includes more aggressive marketing of the RAMP program to reduce costs associated with replacing and maintaining pavements. Since the majority of the funds are expended in this area, exploring this further for potential cost savings has the greatest opportunity to yield greater economic impacts than in any other single area. v DISCLAIMER The contents of this report reflect the views of the author who is responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), or the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. It is not intended for construction, bidding, or permit process. This report was prepared by Jeffrey D. Borowiec, assistant research scientist. George B. Dresser, Ph.D. was the research supervisor. vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research team would like to thank the staff at TxDOT for their support of this project from the beginning through final review. They would also like to thank the project director, Linda Howard, for her support and guidance throughout the entire project. In addition, the team would also like to thank those who assisted by providing information from their respective organizations. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES............................................................ xi LIST OF TABLES .......................................................... xii SUMMARY................................................................ xiii Chapter 1. Introduction .........................................................1 Chapter 2. Review of Selected Design Standards .....................................7 Interviews/Literature Review...............................................7 Michigan ........................................................7 Illinois ..........................................................8 Wisconsin........................................................8 Florida ..........................................................8 Federal Aviation Administration - Washington, D.C. ......................8 Federal Aviation Administration - Southwest Regional Office, Fort Worth, Texas .................................................9 Airport LightingS ystems............................................9 National Association of State Aviation Officials/Illuminating Engineering Society ...............................................10 Other Literature ..................................................10 Chapter 3. Aircraft Accident Data ................................................11 Airport Facilities-Related Accident Causes ...................................18 Accident Factors Related to Design Standards ................................19 Airport LightingS ystems...........................................19 Accidents Related to Design Standards ......................................20 Camp River Airport, Camp River, Wisconsin...........................20 Chico Hot Springs Lodge Airstrip, Pray, Montana .......................20 Auburn Municipal Airport, Auburn, California ..........................20 Bullard Airstrip, Firebaugh, California ................................20 Private Airstrip, Welsh, Louisiana....................................20 Brennand Airport, Neenah, Wisconsin ................................21 Summary .............................................................21 Chapter 4. Relationship of Texas Airport System Plan (TASP) Functional Categories and Design Standards....................................................23 Commercial Airports ....................................................24 Design Element Changes ...........................................24 Reliever Airports .......................................................25 Design Element Changes ...........................................25 ix Regional Airports.......................................................25 Design Element Changes ...........................................25 Multipurpose Airports ...................................................26 Design Element Changes ...........................................26 Industrial Airports ......................................................26 Design Element Changes ...........................................27 Special UseA irports ....................................................27 Design Element Changes - Hunting...................................28 Design Element Changes - Parks/Lakes ...............................28 Agricultural Airports ....................................................28 Design Element Changes ...........................................31 Remote Airports........................................................31 Design Element Changes ...........................................31 Access Airports ........................................................32 Design Element Changes ...........................................32 Chapter 5. Impacts of Revised Policies and Standards ................................35 Revised Policies and Standards ............................................35 Impacts of Revised Policies and Standards ...................................37 1998-2000 Capital Improvement Program .............................37 2000-2002 Capital
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Aviation Activity Forecasts BOWERS FIELD AIRPORT AIRPORT MASTER PLAN
    Chapter 3 – Aviation Activity Forecasts BOWERS FIELD AIRPORT AIRPORT MASTER PLAN Chapter 3 – Aviation Activity Forecasts The overall goal of aviation activity forecasting is to prepare forecasts that accurately reflect current conditions, relevant historic trends, and provide reasonable projections of future activity, which can be translated into specific airport facility needs anticipated during the next twenty years and beyond. Introduction This chapter provides updated forecasts of aviation activity for Kittitas County Airport – Bowers Field (ELN) for the twenty-year master plan horizon (2015-2035). The most recent FAA-approved aviation activity forecasts for Bowers Field were prepared in 2011 for the Airfield Needs Assessment project. Those forecasts evaluated changes in local conditions and activity that occurred since the previous master plan forecasts were prepared in 2000, and re-established base line conditions. The Needs Assessment forecasts provide the “accepted” airport-specific projections that are most relevant for comparison with the new master plan forecasts prepared for this chapter. The forecasts presented in this chapter are consistent with Bowers Field’s current and historic role as a community/regional general aviation airport. Bowers Field is the only airport in Kittitas County capable of accommodating a full range of general aviation activity, including business class turboprops and business jets. This level of capability expands the airport’s role to serve the entire county and the local Ellensburg community. The intent is to provide an updated set of aviation demand projections for Bowers Field that will permit airport management to make the decisions necessary to maintain a viable, efficient, and cost-effective facility that meets the area’s air transportation needs.
    [Show full text]
  • Threat Assessment, with Emphasis on the Most Critical Aspects of the Threat Organized in Similar Order As the Threat Assessment
    Lake Winnebago Area Metropolitan Enforcement Group Board of Directors Administrator Ed Wall Chief David Walsh (Chairman) WI Department of Justice/DCI Appleton Police Dept. Sheriff Brad Gehring Sheriff Michael Brooks Outagamie County Sheriff’s Dept. Winnebago County Sheriff’s Dept. Sheriff Jerry Pagel Sheriff Mylan Fink Calumet County Sheriff’s Dept. Fond du Lac County Sheriff’s Dept. Chief Rod McCants Chief John Manion Town of Menasha Police Dept. Kaukauna Police Dept. Chief Kevin Wilkenson Chief Robert Stanke Neenah Police Dept. City of Menasha Police Dept. Chief Scott Greuel Chief Tony Barthuly Oshkosh Police Dept. Fond du Lac Police Dept. Chief Jeffrey Schlueter Chief Greg Peterson New London Police Dept. Grand Chute Police Dept. Chief William Lamb North Fond du Lac Police Dept. Table of Contents Executive Summary .....................................................................................................1 – 2 Methodology .................................................................................................................3 – 5 Environment and Related Threats ...........................................................................6 – 16 Geography ................................................................................................................6 Land Transportation ...........................................................................................6 – 9 Air Transportation ..........................................................................................10 – 13 Maritime Facilities .................................................................................................14
    [Show full text]
  • Planpaclet5-27-08.Pdf
    AQUORUMOFTHEADMINISTRATIONCOMMITTEE,BOARDOFPUBLICWORKS,PARKBOARD,AND/ORCOMMON COUNCILMAYATTENDTHISMEETING;(ALTHOUGHITISNOTEXPECTEDTHATANYOFFICIALACTIONOFANYOF THOSEBODIESWILLBETAKEN). CITYOFMENASHA PlanCommission CouncilChambers,3rdFloorCityHall-140MainStreet,Menasha May27,2008 3:30PM AGENDA Back Print 1. CALLTOORDER A. 2. ROLLCALL/EXCUSEDABSENCES A. 3. PUBLICCOMMENTSONANYMATTEROFCONCERNTOTHECITY Five(5)minutetimelimitforeachperson A. 4. DISCUSSION A. None 5. ACTIONITEMS A. PlanCommissionResolution-01-2008-RecommendingAdoptionoftheCityof MenashaYear2030ComprehensivePlan (previouslyreceivedinthe5/20/08Plan Attachments Commissionpacket) 6. ADJOURNMENT A. Menashaiscommittedtoitsdiversepopulation.OurNon-Englishspeakingpopulationorthosewithdisabilitiesareinvitedto contacttheCommunityDevelopmentDepartmentat967-3650atleast24-hoursinadvanceofthemeetingsospecial accommodationscanbemade. Plan Commission Resolution 01-2008 RECOMMENDATION OF THE PLAN COMMISSION TO ADOPT THE CITY OF MENASHA YEAR 2030 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN WHEREAS, pursuant to sections 62.23(2) and (3), Wisconsin Statutes, for cities, villages, and those towns exercising village powers under section 60.22(3), the City of Menasha is authorized to prepare and adopt a comprehensive plan consistent with the content and procedure requirements in sections 66.1001(1)(a), 66.1001(2), and 66.1001(4); and WHEREAS, the Plan Commission participated in the production of City of Menasha Year 2030 Comprehensive Plan in conjunction with a multi-jurisdictional planning effort to prepare
    [Show full text]
  • Wisconsin Airports
    1 ASSOCIATED CITY INDEX PAGE CITY NAME SITE CODE AIRPORT 37 Albany 54W Albany Airport 38 Amery AHH Amery Municipal Airport 39 Antigo AIG Langlade County Airport 40 Appleton ATW Appleton International Airport 41 Appleton ATW Appleton International Airport Diagram 42 Ashland ASX John F. Kennedy Memorial Airport 43 Baraboo – Wis. Dells DLL Baraboo – Wisconsin Dells Regional Airport 44 Barron 9Y7 Barron Municipal Airport 45 Beloit 44C Beloit Airport 46 Black River Falls BCK Black River Falls Area Airport 47 Boscobel OVS Boscobel Airport 48 Boulder Junction BDJ Boulder Junction Payzer Airport 49 Boyceville 3T3 Boyceville Municipal Airport 50 Brodhead C37 Brodhead Airport 51 Brookfield 02C Capitol Airport 52 Burlington BUU Burlington Municipal Airport 53 Cable 3CU Cable Union Airport 54 Camp Douglas VOK Volk Field Air National Guard Base Airport 55 Camp Douglas VOK Volk Field ANG Base Airport Diagram 56 Camp Lake 49C Camp Lake Airport 57 Cassville C74 Cassville Municipal Airport 58 Chetek Y23 Chetek Municipal – Southworth Airport 59 Chilton 11Y Flying Feathers Airport 60 Clintonville CLI Clintonville Municipal Airport 61 Crandon Y55 Crandon – Steve Conway Municipal Airport 62 Crivitz 3D1 Crivitz Municipal Airport 63 Cumberland UBE Cumberland Municipal Airport 64 Cumberland WN2 Silver Lake Seaplane Base 65 Delavan C59 Lake Lawn Airport 66 Drummond 5G4 Eau Claire Lakes Airport 67 Eagle River EGV Eagle River Union Airport 68 East Troy 57C East Troy Municipal Airport 69 Eau Claire EAU Chippewa Valley Regional Airport 70 Eau Claire EAU Chippewa Valley
    [Show full text]
  • History of Aircraft Designation Systems
    UNITED STATES NAVAL AVIATION 1910–1995 451 APPENDIX 5 Aircraft Designations and Popular Names Background on the Evolution of Aircraft Designations Aircraft model designation history is very complex. by a number to indicate the individual plane of that In order to fully understand the designations, it is type-manufacturer. Under this system: important to know the factors that played a role in developing the different missions that aircraft have been “A” was used for Curtiss hydroaeroplanes “B” for Wright hydroaeroplanes called upon to perform. Technological changes affect- “C” for Curtiss flying boats ing aircraft capabilities have resulted in corresponding “D” for Burgess flying boats changes in the operational capabilities and techniques “E” for Curtiss amphibian flying boats employed by the aircraft. Prior to World War I, the Navy tried various schemes for designating aircraft. This system had been established in 1911 by Captain In the early period of naval aviation a system was Washington I. Chambers, Director of Naval Aviation. developed to designate an aircraft’s mission. Different The following is a list of the types of aircraft and their aircraft class designations evolved for the various types designations in existence from 1911–1914: of missions performed by naval aircraft. This became known as the Aircraft Class Designation System. Aircraft Designation System 1911–1914 Numerous changes have been made to this system since the inception of naval aviation in 1911. A-1 Curtiss hydroaeroplane (originally an amphib- While reading this section various references will be ian, and the Navy’s first airplane) made to the Aircraft Class Designation System, A-2 Curtiss landplane (rebuilt as a hydroaeroplane) Designation of Aircraft, Model Designation of Naval A-3 Curtiss hydroaeroplane Aircraft, Aircraft Designation System, and Model A-4 Curtiss hydroaeroplane Designation of Military Aircraft.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 – Projections of Aviation Demand
    Chapter 3 – Projections of Aviation Demand Chapter 3 Projections of Aviation Demand This chapter contains aviation activity forecasts for the University Park Airport (Airport) over a 20-year planning horizon. Aviation demand forecasts are an important step in the master planning process. Ultimately, they form the basis for future demand-driven improvements at the Airport, provide data from which to estimate future off-airport impacts, such as noise and traffic, and are incorporated by reference into other studies and policy decisions. This chapter, which presents aviation activity forecasts through 2030, is organized as follows: 3.1 Forecasting Approach 3.2 Enplaned Passengers 3.3 Based Aircraft 3.4 Based Aircraft Fleet Mix 3.5 Total Operations 3.6 Commercial Aircraft Operations 3.7 General Aviation Operations 3.8 Military Operations 3.9 Instrument Operations 3.10 Cargo Activity 3.11 Peak Operations 3.12 Design Aircraft 3.13 Forecast Summary and FAA TAF Comparison 3.14 Revised Enplanement Forecast The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) projects future aviation activity through its Terminal Area Forecasts (TAF) which were used to compare projections prepared for this master plan. Forecasts that are developed for airport master plans and/or federal grants must be approved by the FAA. It is the FAA’s policy, listed in Advisory Circular (AC) 150/5070-6B, Airport Master Plans, that FAA approval of forecasts should be consistent with the TAF. Master plan forecasts for operations, based aircraft and enplanements are considered to be consistent with the TAF if they meet the following criteria: • Forecasts differ by less than ten percent in the five-year forecast and 15 percent in the ten- or 20- year period If the forecast is not consistent with the TAF, differences must be resolved prior to using the forecast in FAA decision-making.
    [Show full text]
  • MIDWEST FLYER MAGAZINE Dialogue Extending the Runway
    IDWEST FLYER M AGAZINE AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2014 Published For & By The Midwest Aviation Community Since 1978 midwestflyer.com Untitled-7 1 3/13/14 2:25 PMEAA Aug2014.indd 1 7/20/14 9:43 AM EAA Aug2014.indd 1 7/20/14 9:43 AM Vol. 36 No. 5 ContentsContents ISSN: 0194-5068 AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2014 ON THE COVER: The new Zenith CH 750 Cruzer is an economical, all-metal, two-seat, cross-country, Light Sport Aircraft (LSA) kitplane. It is the “on-airport” version of the popular STOL CH 750 “off-airport” light sport utility kitplane, famous for its roomy cabin and comfortable side-by-side seating IDWEST FLYER with easy cabin access from both sides of the aircraft. The CH 750 can operate on a UL350iS, 130 hp, fuel AGAZINE AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2014 injected UL-powered engine; Continental O-200; Rotax 912 series; Viking (Honda); Jabiru; Corvair; and M other engines. The aircraft has a cruise speed of 118 mph, rate of climb of 1,200 fpm, and a stall speed of 39 mph. The Zenith Aircraft Company is located in Mexico, Missouri. (Photo Courtesy of Zenith Aircraft Company: www.zenithair.com.) HEADLINES Aviation Groups Applaud Second Pilot’s Bill of Rights .........................................32 All 50 States Now Officially Recognize Importance of Aviation ............................32 First Production HondaJet Takes To The Skies ...................................................33 Published For & By The Midwest Aviation Community Since 1978 COLUMNS midwestflyer.com AOPA Great Lakes Regional Report - by Bryan Budds MFM AugSept 2014 issue.indd 1 7/15/14 7:05 PM Have You Noticed Those Signs Everywhere? And, Will I See You Here? ..............................................................................14 AOPA Central Regional Report - by Yasmina Platt 2014 Legislative Sessions Are Over… Now It’s Time To Fly & Mingle! ...........16 Ask Pete - by Pete Schoeninger Tricycle Versus Tailwheel Airplanes .................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Version June/July 2016
    IDWEST FLYER M AGAZINE JUNE/JULY 2016 Published For & By The Midwest Aviation Community Since 1978 midwestflyer.com Finding a fi x for TFRs Just about anyone who has planned a fl ight in or near a major metro area has had to worry about temporary fl ight restrictions (TFRs) at one time or another. Scrolling through dozens, even hundreds, of NOTAMs to identify TFRs that are relevant to your fl ight can be daunting. The sheer number can make it easy to miss something. But when you have access to good graphics, you can instantly see if a TFR will a ect your fl ight. Unfortunately, graphics aren’t available for every TFR. And when graphics are unavailable or are inaccurate, the number of violations goes way up. That’s why AOPA will be helping to lead an e ort to improve TFR graphics, from how the information is delivered to how it is depicted. Back in 2015, we started asking questions about the scope and extent of problems we were seeing with TFRs that either had no graphics or, maybe worse, showed incorrect graphics. After uncovering recurring issues, we asked the FAA to provide an authoritative online source of TFR information, provide TFR information in a consistent format so that automated systems used by third-party vendors can translate it into accurate graphics, and work to make the text of TFR NOTAMs more user friendly for pilots. This April, the FAA responded by formally tasking the RTCA Tactical Operations Committee to address the issues we raised and report back with recommendations within six months.
    [Show full text]
  • 033 BADA 2 5 Equivalences
    EUROPEAN ORGANISATION FOR THE SAFETY OF AIR NAVIGATION EUROCONTROL EUROCONTROL EXPERIMENTAL CENTRE EQUIVALENCES REPORT FOR THE BASE OF AIRCRAFT DATA (BADA) REVISION 2.5 EEC Note No. 30/96 EEC Task D09 EATCHIP Task SPT Issued: December 1996 The information contained in this document is the property of the EUROCONTROL Agency and no part should be reproduced in any form without the Agency’s permission. The views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views or policy of the Agency. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Reference: Security Classification: EEC Note 30/96 Unclassified Originator: Originator (Corporate Author) Name/Location: EEC - APO EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre (Aircraft Performance and Operations) B.P.15 F - 91222 Brétigny-sur-Orge CEDEX FRANCE Telephone : +33 1 69 88 75 00 Sponsor: Sponsor (Contract Authority) Name/Location: EEC EUROCONTROL Agency Rue de la Fusée, 96 B -1130 BRUXELLES Telephone : +32 2 729 9011 TITLE: Equivalences Report for the Base of Aircraft Data (BADA) Revision 2.5 Author Date Pages Figures Tables Appendix References A.Bos 12/96 vi + 6 0 4 1 2 EATCHIP Task EEC Task No. Task No. Sponsor Period Specification SPT D09 2/96 to 12/96 Distribution Statement: (a) Controlled by: Head of APO (b) Special Limitations: None (c) Copy to NTIS: YES / NO Descriptors (keywords): aircraft model, total-energy model, BADA, equivalences Abstract: The Base of Aircraft Data (BADA) provides a set of ASCII files containing performance and operating procedure coefficients for 69 different aircraft types. These are the so-called directly supported models. Besides these 69 aircraft models there are an additional 96 models that are considered to be equivalent to one of these directly supported models.
    [Show full text]
  • Let Us Treat Your Aircraft to the Best in Cockpit Technology
    IDWEST FLYER M AGAZINE OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2017 Published For & By The Midwest Aviation Community Since 1978 midwestflyer.com ATC Not for Sale Former US Airways pilot Chesley “Sully” Sullenberger, famously known for his successful landing of US Airways Flight 1549 on the Hudson River has spoken out against air tra c control privatization (H.R. 2997)—and he’s asking fellow pilots to do the same. With more than 50 years of industry experience, including general aviation, military, and airline, Sullenberger asserts that privatizing ATC “would allow a corporate monopoly to make decisions that put profi ts ahead of safety and would devastate rural communities,” and believes that privatization would hand “control to the largest airlines, giving them the keys to the kingdom.” In July of this year, AOPA along with 130 other general aviation groups voiced their concerns against privatization and collectively agree that the private entity that would run the ATC system would be dominated by the airlines, and GA would not have a seat at the table. Sullenberger supports those concerns in supportive ads he has created and concludes by stating that privatization is a “threat to our nation’s security, safety, access, and basic fairness.” AOPA encourages all GA supporters to contact their representatives in Congress and help spread the word to fellow aviators about the threat ATC privatization poses to GA. To contact your representative directly, visit aopa.org/takeaction or call (855) 383-7330, toll free, to be directly connected to your representative after entering your zip code. Mark R. Baker President & CEO, AOPA *For more information on the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association and the issues that aff ect your fl ying go to www.aopa.org today.
    [Show full text]
  • Aircraft Designations and Popular Names
    Chapter 1 Aircraft Designations and Popular Names Background on the Evolution of Aircraft Designations Aircraft model designation history is very complex. To fully understand the designations, it is important to know the factors that played a role in developing the different missions that aircraft have been called upon to perform. Technological changes affecting aircraft capabilities have resulted in corresponding changes in the operational capabilities and techniques employed by the aircraft. Prior to WWI, the Navy tried various schemes for designating aircraft. In the early period of naval aviation a system was developed to designate an aircraft’s mission. Different aircraft class designations evolved for the various types of missions performed by naval aircraft. This became known as the Aircraft Class Designation System. Numerous changes have been made to this system since the inception of naval aviation in 1911. While reading this section, various references will be made to the Aircraft Class Designation System, Designation of Aircraft, Model Designation of Naval Aircraft, Aircraft Designation System, and Model Designation of Military Aircraft. All of these references refer to the same system involved in designating aircraft classes. This system is then used to develop the specific designations assigned to each type of aircraft operated by the Navy. The F3F-4, TBF-1, AD-3, PBY-5A, A-4, A-6E, and F/A-18C are all examples of specific types of naval aircraft designations, which were developed from the Aircraft Class Designation System. Aircraft Class Designation System Early Period of Naval Aviation up to 1920 The uncertainties during the early period of naval aviation were reflected by the problems encountered in settling on a functional system for designating naval aircraft.
    [Show full text]
  • December 2019 Vol
    BUSINESS & COMMERCIAL AVIATION STATUS REPORT: EPIC E1000 THE CONNECTED COCKPIT C DECEMBER 2019 $10.00 www.bcadigital.com Business & Commercial Aviation STATUS REPORT Epic E1000 Certifi cate awarded, ALSO IN THIS ISSUE production proceeding Flying Garmin’s Astonishing Autoland Special Report: Cabin Connectivity The Connected Cockpit ABIN CONNECTIVITY DECEMBER 2019 VOL. 115 NO. 12 Squawk This! Alone, Dependent and Confused Stall by Surprise Digital Edition Copyright Notice The content contained in this digital edition (“Digital Material”), as well as its selection and arrangement, is owned by Informa. and its affiliated companies, licensors, and suppliers, and is protected by their respective copyright, trademark and other proprietary rights. Upon payment of the subscription price, if applicable, you are hereby authorized to view, download, copy, and print Digital Material solely for your own personal, non-commercial use, provided that by doing any of the foregoing, you acknowledge that (i) you do not and will not acquire any ownership rights of any kind in the Digital Material or any portion thereof, (ii) you must preserve all copyright and other proprietary notices included in any downloaded Digital Material, and (iii) you must comply in all respects with the use restrictions set forth below and in the Informa Privacy Policy and the Informa Terms of Use (the “Use Restrictions”), each of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Any use not in accordance with, and any failure to comply fully with, the Use Restrictions is expressly prohibited by law, and may result in severe civil and criminal penalties. Violators will be prosecuted to the maximum possible extent.
    [Show full text]