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Reports of Mandatory Powers C. 452 (a). M. 166 (a). 1925. VI. Geneva, September 3rd, 1925. REPORTS OF MANDATORY POWERS Submilled lo the Council of the League of Nations in Accordance wilh Article 22 of the Covenant and considered by the Permanent Mandates Commission at its Sixth Session (June-July 1925^. V REPORT ON TH E ADMINISTRATION OF NAURU DURING THE YEAR 1924 PREPARED BY THE ADMINISTRATOR FOR SUBMISSION TO THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS SOCIÉTÉ DES NATIONS — LEAGUE OF NATIONS GENÈVE ---- 1925 GENEVA NOTES BY THE SECRETARIAT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS This edition of the reports submitted to the Council of the League of Nations by the mandatory Powers under Article 22 of the Covenant is published in execu­ tion of the following resolution adopted by the Assembly on September 22nd, 1924, at its Fifth Session : “ The Fifth Assembly of the League of Nations... requests that the reports of the mandatory Powers should be distributed to the States Members of the League of Nations and placed at the disposal of the public who may desire to purchase them. ” The reports have generally been reproduced as received by the Secretariat. In certain cases, however, it has been decided to omit in this new edition certain legislative and other texts appearing as annexes, and maps and photographs contained in the original edition published by the mandatory Power. Such omissions are indicated by notes by the Secretariat. The annual report on the administration of Nauru under mandate of the British Empire for the year 1924 was received by the Secretariat on the 15th June, 1925, and examined by the Permanent Mandates Commission on the 2nd July, 1925, in the presence of the accredited representative of the British Empire, the Rt. Hon. Sir Joseph Cook, High Commissioner for Australia in London. (See Minutes of the Sixth Session, pages 93-95.) The observations of the Commission on this report are contained in document A.14.1925.VI, page 9. The references in this report to pages in previous reports refer to the original edition published by the mandatory Power, which the Secretariat has not yet been able to have reprinted. s. d. N. 650- 10/25 (A). — Imp. Réunies, Chambéry. * CONTENTS Page Report for 1924 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 Addendum—Replies to the Observations of the Permanent Mandates Commission on the Report for ] 923 ' :.......................... 19 Appendix A.—Reported the Government Medical Officer ... ... ... ... 21 Appendix B.—Report of the Officer in Charge of Schools ... ... ... ... ... ... 43 Appendix C.—List of Ordinances and Regulations made during 1921, 1922, 1923, and 1924 ... 56 Appendix D.—Ordinances and Regulations made during 1924 1 Appendix E.—Supplementary Agreement Concerning Nauru dated 30th May, 1923 ... ... 57 Appendix F.-—Report and Accounts of the British Phosphate Commission for the Year ended 30th June, 1923 58 Map of Nauru. -Voie by the Secretariat of the League of Nations : Appendix D is not reproduced in the present edition. REPORT ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF NAURU DURING THE YEAR 1924. DESCRIPTION. Nauru is an oval-shaped atoll of approximately 12 miles in circumference, surrounded by a reef, bare at low water. On the seaward side the reef dips abruptly into deep water. There is no anchorage adjacent to the Island. On the landward side of the reef there is a sandy beach interspersed here and there with coral pinnacles. From this sandy beach the ground rises gra­ dually to about 30 feet above sea-level to a coral cliff which extends round the Island and rises more or less abruptly to a height of from 40 to 60 feet. At the top of this cliff is an extensive plateau bearing phosphate of a high grade, the mining rights of which are vested in the British Phosphate Commission. It is chiefly on the fertile section of land between the sandy beach and the coral cliff that the natives have established themselves and from which they obtain the necessary food for themselves and their families. With the exception of a small fringe round a shallow lagoon about a mile inland, the plateau which contains the phosphate deposits contains very few food trees, and no inhabit­ ants ; but portions of this plateau are now being planted with fruit trees. A map is attached, showing (a) the phosphate-bearing land—uninhabitated, and at present non-food producing ; ( b) the non-phosphate-bearing land—inhabited and food producing ; and (c) the area of phosphate-bearing land— already worked, or now being w-orked. There is ample room on (b) for a much larger population and for the extension of food- bearing trees to support such population. (1) The approximate total area of the Island is ... .. .. .. 5396.3 acres (2) Approximate total area of phosphate-bearing lands .. .. .. 4216.5 acres (3) Phosphate lands held by British Phosphate Commission under mining leases .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 167.676 acres (4) Phosphate lands held by British Phosphate Commission worked or partly worked, included in (3) .. .. .. .. .. .. 105.531 acres The Island is situated in longitude 166 degrees east and is 26 miles south of the Equator. HISTORY. On the 1st October, 1888, the German warship Eber arrived at the Island, and the follow­ ing day hoisted the German flag and proclaimed the Island as German Territory. Subse­ quently, for administrative purposes, it was treated as if it formed one of the Marshall Island Group (German) and remained under the control of that Administration until its surrender to the Australian Forces in 1914. The Island was included in the cession of colonies made by Germany in 1919 to the Allied and Associated Powers, whose representatives agreed that a Mandate over it should be given to His Majesty the King of Great Britain. On the 2nd July, 1919, the British, Australian, and New Zealand Governments agreed that the administration of the Island should be vested in an Administrator, and that the first Administrator should be appointed for a term of five years by the Australian Government ; thereafter the Administrator was to be appointed in such manner as the three Governments decided. The first Administrator was appointed by the Australian Government and assumed duty in June, 1921. The only claim of the Island to importance is the phosphate deposits which were discovered in 1900, and it may be as well to repeat, briefly, the history of the working of these deposits. In 1888 the Imperial German Government granted to the Jaluit Gesellsehaft (a German company) the exclusive right to exploit the guano (phosphate) deposits existing in the Marshall Islands Protectorate. This agreement was confirmed in 1905 and continued for a period of 94 years from the 1st April, 1906. Nauru formed a part of the Marshall Islands Protectorate, and in 1905 the Jaluit Gesellsehaft, with the approval of the Imperial German Government, transferred the exercise of their right to exploit the phosphate deposits of Nauru to the Pacific Phosphate Company, a company registered in Great Britain. Under this agreement, the Pacific Phosphate Company in 1906 commenced to work the phosphate deposits of Nauru. In addition to the Nauru deposits, the Company had obtained also a concession to wrork the — 6 — deposits on Ocean Island, an adjacent island belonging to Great Britain. The interests of the company in the phosphate deposits of these two islands were in 1919 purchased by the British. Australian, and New Zealand Governments. These Governments in turn vested their interests in the deposits in three Commissioners. The functions of the Commissioners, so far as Nauru is concerned, are limited to the business connected with the phosphate deposits. The Admi­ nistrator alone is charged with the responsibility of all matters pertaining to the government, moral and social welfare, labour conditions, etc., of all on the island—the British Phosphate Commission being treated, from a Government point of view, as if it were a private company. The Administrator has all the powers of government, administrative, legislative and judicial, in the Island, and all expenses of administration are met from local revenue. When the German New Guinea Possessions were surrendered to the Australian Forces, it was agreed that local laws and customs should be continued, as far as practicable ; and it was not until '23rd September, 1922, that these were repealed in Nauru and new laws substi­ tuted. After the foregoing introduction it is proposed, for easy reference, to deal with all further matters in the order in which they are shown in the Questionnaire for “ C ” Mandates, dated Geneva, 12th October, 1921. I. Slavery. (a) 1. What measures are being taken with a view to ensuring the suppression of the slave trade ? 2. What results have been obtained? (b) 1. Is slavery recognized legally ? 2. Does domestic or other slavery still exist? Give statistics. 3. What are the principal causes of slavery (gambling, drink, etc.) ? 4. Is the pledging of a person recognized legally ? 5. Under what conditions can a slave gel his freedom ? 6 . What measures have been taken, or are being taken, to provide for the emancipation of slaves and to put an end to all slavery, domestic or otherwise ? 7. Is there any limit fixed for the emancipation of slaves ? If in the affirmative, how long is the period ? (a) 1. — Slavery does not exist on the Island. There is, therefore, no necessity to take any steps to ensure its suppression. (b) 1-7. — Slavery is not recognized legally. II. Labour. (a) 1. Have measures been taken to ensure, in accordance with Part X III. of the Treaty of Versailles, the taking into consider­ ation of conventions or recommendations of International Labour Conferences ? 2. Are these conventions or recommendations being carried into effect ? 3. By what other provisions is free labour protected ? (b) 1. What are the measures intended to ensure the prohibition of forced labour for purposes other than essential public works and services, and what are the effective results of these measures ? 2.
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