space in science-cover En:Layout 1 2017-11-13 09:23 Strona 1

SPACE in SCIENCE

Polish Research and Higher Education Sector space in science-cover En:Layout 1 2017-11-13 09:23 Strona 2 Table of Contents:

History of Polish discoveries in space ...... 2 Earth Observation ...... 4 Technology ...... 8 SSA and Navigation ...... 14 Other ...... 16 ...... 19 Institutions supporting the research ...... 22 Planetariums ...... 25 Fields of higher education ...... 27 Also registered on EMITS ...... 30

1 History of Polish discoveries in space

Speaking of the development of space technolo- the first modern astronomical instruments. Polish gies it should be remembered that they have been, , including and still are, developed as a result of scientific re- and , make discoveries in the search. It is development of the basic sciences: Universe today. In the field of space technology astronomy, physics, mechanics, electronics and development we also have achievements to be nanotechnology, that allows to build increasingly proud of. Our flagship scientific unit, the Space sophisticated devices and instruments; its is thanks Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Scien- to the basis sciences that today we have satellites, ces, builds high-quality research instruments that spacecrafts and the International Space Station. have been used in the missions such as Ro- Therefore, equally important to the space indus- setta, Cassini-Huygens and Mars Express, and try building is to support science at the European at the Herschel Space Observatory. The first two and national levels. scientific satellites were built as part of the Po- , a country that has recently become the lish-Canadian-Austrian programme BRITE. They 20th member of the European Space Agency, is have been launched in 2013 and 2014. Mis- also taking part in the development of the space sion Control Center is located at the Copernicus activity. The Polish tradition of interest in the Astronomical Center in Warsaw. Young are space dates back to the fifteenth century. The also active in the space sector. In 2012, the Polish made the PW-Sat satellite built by students of the War- first scientific revolution in this field. The Polish as- saw University of Technology was launched into 2 tronomer Johannes Hevelius constructed one of the Earth’s orbit. Robots built by students from History of Polish discoveries in space

the technical universities from Białystok or Lodz ropean countries, and the rate of success of Po - won the prestigious international contest Rover lish participants in this field has been almost two Challenge organized by The Mars Society. These times higher than the average for the overall 7th achievements are treated not only as a confirma- Framework Programme. In particular, remote Earth tion of the quality of Polish science and techno- observation techniques have a long tradition. logy, but also as our contribution to the Satellite observation and its applications are pro- implementation of the European Space Policy. bably the most developed segment of the coun- Poland is trying to make good use of its opportunities try’s space sector, as evidenced by the number in the space sector, brought about by the membership of submitted and positively evaluated proposals in in the European Union and the European Space this area. Particularly well developed is also the Agency, both in the field of science and of industry. Polish commercial market of satellite navigation Currently, more than 200 Polish enterprises and which is the source of many innovative solutions, research centres participate in the EU and ESA products and services. programmes. Contemporary Polish astronomers Polish scientific institutions and Polish com- have made a number of discoveries, and the space panies are open to cooperation with Euro- sector is one of the fastest growing sectors of the pean partners and thanks to their experience, Polish economy. This is evidenced by the results know ledge and pursuit to make the best use achieved within the 7th Framework Programme in of the country’s scie nce and technology po- which Poland, with the participation of its 49 re- tential can significantly contribute to the search teams, is in the 12th place among all Eu- growth of European innovation. 3 Earth observation

Cracow University of Technology Forest Research Institute in Sekocin Stary Institute of Agrophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Lublin www.pk.edu.pl www.ibles.pl www.ipan.lublin.pl

Cracow University of Technology (CUT) has over The Forest Research Institute (FRI) was estab- Institute of Agrophysics (IA PAS)has the mission to 70-year-old tradition of educating engineers, lished in 1930.The FRI conducts research in the provide scientific research in agrophysics. It keeps modernity and openness to change as well as hard wide range of fields directly and indirectly re- the orientation of physics since its fundation. Due to work on the improvement of the Polish scientific lated to the forestry. The FRI carries out research historical reasons this orientation was split and fo- and technical thought. Currently, the university ed- for the State Forests National Forest Holding cused on multiple application areas ordered to dif- ucates 14.5 thousand full-time and part-time stu- and other institutions including the Ministry ferent domains serving agricultural and food industry dents of BSc and MSc, PhD and postgraduate of the Environment, Ministry of Science and purposes. Since two decades it is changing the studies. Our educational offer comprises 31 pro- Higher Education, the National Fund for Envi- orientation in a new order determined by scientific grammes of BSc and MSc studies in Polish at 7 ronment Protection and Water Management as aspects related not exclusively to agriculture, but faculties and 7 programmes of study in English at well as the European Union under its Framework to a broad spectrum of Earth Sciences, like envi- 5 faculties. The university employs nearly 1 200 Programmes and financial instrument LIFE+. FRI ronmental problems on regional scales in Poland with researchers and tutors that are outstanding profes- cooperates within the frameworks of IUFRO and a particular focus on the Eastern part of the country sionals who participate in intercollegiate and inter- FAO, through contacts with partner institutions recognized in EU as the Euroregion Bug. Currently national research teams. Their knowledge and across Europe and received the status of PRO- IA PAS is a formal organizational authority entity expertise allow our university to maintain the high FOREST Centre of Excellence in the area for multidisciplinary expertizinge the agricultural position in Polish and in the international scientific of protection of forest ecosystems. FRI partici- and the environmental management in the region, community. CUT Faculty of Physics, Mathematics pated in projects TATRY (FP4), and EFFE and and on the national scale. IA PAS is the national and Computer Science is involved in Baltic Sat SCEMAFOR (FP5). The institute have been leader in soil physics in Poland. Apps program and in research in field of process- involved in COST actions and in 10 projects ing techniques of satellite data gathered from as part of the EU's 6th Framework Programme: Copernicus. In the framework of bilateral agree- COMFOR, EFORWOOD, EVOLTREE, ments and the Erasmus + programme, Cracow FIRE PARADOX, FORTHREATS, TREE- University of Technology conducts research coope - BREEDEX, 7th Framework Programme: BAC- ration and student exchange with several hundred CARA, FLEXWOOD, ISEFOR, FORFIRE, universities in 47 countries around the world. LIFE+: FutMon and INTERREG IVC: About 78 thousand students graduated from EFFMIS, EUFOFINET. At present, IBL parti- CUT - a huge crowd of well-prepared engineering cipates in more than 150 international and professionals. We focus on ensuring high quality national actions and research programs financed by of education giving students the most durable and the EU (e.g. FP7, COST, European Funds), Po- most valuable asset - knowledge. lish State Forests and governmental organizations.

4 Earth observation

Institute of Geodesy and Cartography Institute of Meteorology and Water Institute of Oceanology in Warsaw Management – National Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Gdansk www.igik.edu.pl www.imgw.pl www.iopan.gda.pl

The Institute (IGiK) is a research and develop- The Institute of Meteorology and Water Mana - The Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Acad- ment institution. Our mission is to carry out the gement – National Research Institute (IMGW- emy of Science (IO PAN) was founded in innovative research and applied science in the field PIB) is a research-development unit created on the 1983. Today it is the leading oceanographic in- of geodesy, cartography, remote sensing and GIS. 30th of December 1972. It is responsible for me- stitution in Poland, having also well-established po- The Center of Remote Sensing of IGIK is one of teorological and hydrological protection of the sition in the European and Worldwide marine the leading institutions specialized in applying both country. Statutory tasks of the Institute include research. optical and radar data for various applications. It scien tific and development activities as well as state The Institute’s mission is to generate knowledge re- consists of 24 researchers of comprehensive skills services in the following domains: meteorology, hy- quired to support the understanding, the sustain- in remote sensing, GIS, environment, statistic, pro- drology, oceanology, water management and engi- able use and protection of the marine environment. gramming and modelling. The Center focus R&D neering, water resources quality, wastewater This is carried out by means of innovative, high- on applications of EO for land cover/use classifi- management and sewage utilization. IMGW-PIB level scientific and technological research that en- cation and changes, agriculture (forecasting of conducts also research and implementation works hances our understanding of the environment, and yield, drought detection, crop recognition and aiming to utilize satellite data in hydro-meteoro- provides expertise and technology for stakeholders, condition assessment, soil moisture, ASAP Sys- logical protection of Poland as well as in scientific i.e. Polish and international users of marine- tem and Service for farmers delivering automatic research of atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere oriented knowledge and technology, governmental processing chain of EO based products to users), and marine environment. As the one and only agencies, policymakers, educators and students, analyses of wetland and grasslands areas (biomass, owns operational satellite ground receiving station, and Polish society at large. The Institute of hydrological cycle, carbon and energy balance located in Krakow, to receive and process geosta- Oceanology conducts scientific research mainly in modelling), bioenergy crops, forestry (mapping tionary and polar orbiting satellite data from me- the Baltic Sea and European Arctic Seas. and biomass estimation) hazards: floods, fires, teorological and environmental satellites.The HQ The Institute is also active in the research and ap- windstorms and ground deformation. Most of of Institue is located in Warsaw. plications related to various aspects of satellite re- R&D activities of the Center are connected to Cli- mote sensing of the ocean properties and the mate Change issue, among them is study the air-sea interface. This has led to extensive expe- cloudiness diurnal cycle over multi years. The Cen- rience in processing and use of satellite data in the tre of Geodesy and Geodynamics of IGIK con- research and monitoring of the marine environment. ducts the research on reference systems and their realizations, establishment and maintenance of ge- odetic, gravimetric and magnetic control networks, gravimetry, modelling gravity field of the Earth, de- termining geoid, monitoring deformations and ge- odynamic processes, modern surveying techniques, GNSS, metrology in gravimetry and geodesy. 5 Earth observation

Polish Geological Institute-National Research University of Agriculture in Krakow University of Gdańsk Institute www.pgi.gov.pl www.geo.ur.krakow.pl www.ug.edu.pl

Polish Geological Institute-National Research In- The structure of the University comprises 7 facul- The University of Gdańsk (UG) is the largest stitute (PGI-NRI) is a state research institution ties: Agriculture and Economics, Forestry, Envi- edu cational institution in the Pomerania region. It has with over 600 high-qualified employees in field ronmental Engineering and Land Surveying, 11 faculties with over 30,000 students, doctoral of geology, hydrogeology and environmental stu- Biotechnology and Horticulture, Production and students and post-graduates, who are taught by dies, who work on national and international pro- Power Engineering, Technology and The Faculty 1,700 academic staff. In such fields of study as Bio - jects. PGI-NRI’s headquarter is located in of Animal Sciences as well. The main mission of the logy, Biotechnology, Chemistry, Oceanography, Warsaw, Poland, and the company has seven local University is the education of experts who would Quantum Physics, Pedagogy, Psychology, Law and branches located in Kraków, Wrocław, Sosnowiec, find employment in the widely understood food Economic Sciences, the University of Gdańsk is one Gdańsk, Kielce, and Lublin. PGI-NRI and forest economies and specialists in environ- of the best institutions in Poland. The University of undertakes scientific research and development in mental protection using the modern technologies Gdańsk provides education in 75 fields of study, fields of earth sciences. like Geomatics. The University aims to prepare pro- comprising 223 specializations, full-time and part- As leading geological institution in the country, fessionals able to meet the challenges of contem- time studies, at the level of first or second cycle PGI-NRI provides scientifically based advice and porary sustainable development based on ecological studies, or within comprehensive (long cycle) five- support to local and national administration as well rules of management and utilisation of the Earth year master’s programmes. The students pursue their as undertakes initiatives focused on promoting and resources. Two main research areas may be distin- studies in state-of-the-art facilities on the University's informing society about geological science and guished as part of the University activities, i.e. re- Baltic Campus, which is one of the largest university issues related to natural resources and their pro- search projects realised as EU where the objectives complexes in northern Poland. The members of the tection. are determined the author of a project or by con- academic staff of the University conduct scientific The Institute is involved in comprehensive studies tracting agency. and scholarly research on a world-class level, not of geological structure of the country for practical The research activities at the University of Agricul- only creatively expanding the frontiers of knowledge, use in national economy and environmental pro- ture in Krakow concerns the widely applications of but also serving the whole of the Pomerania region tection. In addition to scientific activities in all Geomatics Technologies like: VHR satellite and air- with their knowledge and experience, thus aiding its fields of modern geology the Institute was en- borne optical (multi- and hyperspectral) or radar dynamic modern development. UG cooperates with trusted with the tasks of the Polish Geological Sur- remote sensed imageries, the 3D Photogrammetry, universities, tertiary colleges and scientific and re- vey. Moreover, it is responsible for the country’s spatial databases and LiDAR point clouds - in the search institutions in almost every country around security in supply of mineral resources, the ground- modern: forestry, agriculture, environment protec- the world. Participation in the European and inter- water management, for monitoring of the geolo- tion and landscape monitoring - at local, regional national programmes allows for the expansion of the gical environment and warning against natural and global scales. University and has an impact on its research and hazards and risks. teaching base. UG implements its motto of in mari via tua, and serves the development of the Pomera- nia region, whose wealth is the very sea itself. 6 Earth observation

University of Warsaw Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences www.uw.edu.pl www.upwr.edu.pl

University of Warsaw (UW), established in The University (WUELS) is a leading third genera- 1816, is Poland's largest and finest university. tion university; combining research, education and From its beginning the University of Warsaw has business roles. Home to the “Green Valey” initiative; played a major role in the intellectual, political and paving a way to 4.0 food industry and agriculture cultural life of Poland, and has been recognized extensively using satellite techniques. throughout the world as a leading academic centre Research related to space science at WUELS is con- in this part of Europe. In 2010 and 2011 UW centrated at the Institute of Geodesy and Geoin- has been declared number 1 in the ranking pub- formatics GNSS&METEO Working Group and lished by the national daily Rzeczpospolita and the relates to the activities within Global Geodetic Ob- education monthly Perspektywy. Dynamic politi- serving System. These activities cover in particular: cal, social, and economic changes accompanying (1) integrated water vapor recovery from real-time Poland's democratisation have brought the Univer- and near real-time Global Navigation Satellite Sys- sity new opportunities and challenges. In the be- tems (GNSS) observations, (2) integration of ginning of 21st century, University of Warsaw is GNSS products and numerical weather models, moving forward with a plan to modernise its struc- (3) recovery of the total electron content (TEC) in ture, organisation and curricula in an effort to pre- the ionosphere and mitigation of the impact of TEC pare its faculties, students and graduates to variations on GNSS positioning, (4) analysis of at- function freely in the international community. mospheric occultation of GNSS signals between Today UW employs over 6,200 people, inclu- LEO and GNSS satellites, (5) real-time precise ding 3,240 academic teacher and educates almost point positioning using multi-GNSS signals, (6) 53,700 undergraduate and graduate students. evaluation of orbit quality and precise orbit deter- Each year over 20,000 young people enroll as mination of multi-GNSS satellites using Satellite students at the University of Warsaw. Their inte - Laser Ranging, (7) monitoring of Earth surface de- rest in studying at UW results above all from the formations using spaceborne InSAR data. IGG is at University's prestige, something UW has earned the forefront of challenges related to data proces- through the high educational level it offers and the sing of the newly-deployed systems, such as Galileo, research work. GLONASS, QZSS, and BeiDou with the quali - ty assessment of multi-GNSS orbits and clocks and their impact on positioning, navigation, estimated Earth rotation parameters, and GNSS-derived global, regional, and national geodetic reference frames. 7 Technology

AGH University of Science Air Force Institute of Technology in Warsaw Foundary Research Institute in Krakow and Technology in Krakow www.tem.agh.edu.pl www.itwl.pl www.iod.krakow.pl

The International Center of Electron Microscopy for Since 1958 is a scientific and research organisation Foundry Research Institute, founded in 1946, is Material Science was created on 1st June 2010 supervised by the Minister of National Defence. a leading research institution in Poland in the scope but its roots go back to 1960. The Center is non- Its mission is scientific support and research into of foundry technology. The core competence of faculty unit of the AGH-UST, acting in co-opera- problems of military aviation. the Institute is to develop the metal casting tech- tion with foreign partners. The leading unit of Center Owing to the studies in the field of reliability and nologies related to different cast materials, like: is the Faculty of Metals Engenering and Industrial broadly understood flight safety, the Institute has grey, alloyed, ductile, ADI, vermicular graphite Computer Science. The IC-EM is focused on the significantly contributed to the development of Po- cast irons, cast steel, Al, Mg, Zn, Sn, Cu, Ni, Fe, application of new methods of electron microscopy, lish aviation. The Institute's output comprises hun- Co, Ti, other ferrous and non-ferrous metals and spectroscopy and tomography: (1) Quantitative dreds of elaborations - effects of research and alloys. The world-wide known areas of studies characterization of macro/micro/nano structure of experimental works, design efforts, and techni- conducted in FRI are composite metal-ceramic, materials with the aid of light and electron mi- cal/servicing activities - applied in the Armed functionally graded materials, as well as high-poro- croscopy, (2) Electron tomography: imaging of the Forces of the Republic of Poland. AFIT is working sity metals and alloys. The outstanding competence micro/nano structure of materials in three-dimen- on flight safety and aircraft reliability. AFIT's of FRI is the ability to study the properties and sional space; metrology, (3) Investigation of the Scientific Council is authorized to confer the post- behaviour of metal, metal ceramic composites, and electric and magnetic fields with the aid of electron doctoral degree in the field of "Machine Building ceramics in liquid state. Under possession of FRI holography, (4) Investigation of materials surfaces and Operation". We have various research labora- there is a centre of high temperature studies, which with the aid of atomic force microscopy, (5) In- tories accredited by the Polish Centre for Ac- owns a home-made, unique experimental facilities, vestigation of physical and mechanical properties of creditation and Polish Ministry of National that allows for studying the material properties in materials. Defence, Quality Management System certificates, high temperature, up to 2300oC. It has deve- Expertise in characterization of materials for energy licenses for trading and developing armament and loped the methods of testing the material struc- systems and aeronautics, graded and multilayered technology predicted for military and police ser- ture, surface and microstructural properties in liquid materials, biomaterials, other advanced materials. vices. Our pillars are highly qualified scientists and state (e.g. by sessile drop method). FRI offers the The Centre is fully equipped with modern electron modern, unique research, control and measuring scope of research in advanced materials that may microscopes, among others: Titan3 G2 60-300 equipment. be delivered as a proof of concept for space ap- (FEI). The Center team collaborates with 40 re- Main research areas: Aeronautical Systems, Lo- plications. The outstanding materials for such pur- search institutions from 18 countries. The co-opera- gistics Systems, Safety and Reliability, Unmanned pose are: high-porosity metals (gasars), tion is related mainly to bilateral co-operations as well Aerial Vehicles, Training Systems, Air Armament, func tionally graded materials, metal-ceramic com- to the projects executed under the 6th and 7th Airfield and Road Infrastructure, POLs, Biocom- posites, methods of joining dissimilar materials, Framework Programmes of the European Union and ponents in POL's Engineering Products, C4ISR, methods of development of flight waste into fine also belong to several international societies associa- Aircraft Engines and Digital Avionics. grain powders, advanced non-destructive testing tions and scientific networks. (computed tomography) of components of ground 8 stations. Technology

Gdansk University of Technology Industrial Research Institute for Automation Institute of Aviation in Warsaw and Measurements in Warsaw www.pg.gda.pl www.piap.pl www.ilot.edu.pl

Gdansk University of Technology (GUT) was The activity of PIAP is solving technical problems in The Institute (IA) was established in 1926. Today founded in 1904. It is the largest technical uni- various sectors connected with security of citizens, it is largest Polish R&D centre dedicated to aero- versity in Northern Poland, and one of the most infrastructures and national security in the area of the space engineering. Being focused on international prestigious and widely recognized internationally. automation, robotization and test equipment. Scope partnerships within European programs, IA coope- At present, nearly 22,000 students are enrolled of PIAP competence includes development, imple- rates with the ESA, the EDA and the EC. In recent at 9 faculties, 7 of which posses the highest rank mentation and start up at user's site and post-sales years this included work within: FP (5-7), PECS, A category. The university employs 2,800 staff maintenance of intelligent systems and mobile robots ESA Polish Industry Incentive Scheme, ESA Clean including over 1,300 academics. According to for special applications. PIAP's mobile robots for sur- Space, ESA GSTP, ESA GSP, ESA TRP and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education veillance and EOD are extensively used by Eastern Horizon 2020. National projects are developed most secondary-school graduates willing to under- European police, border guards and military forces. using funds from the National Centre for Research take technical studies in Poland chose GUT. PIAP offers the following services to its clients: im- and Development. The dedicated Center of Space University posses modern R&D infrastructure, in- plementation of scientific and R&D projects required Technologies (CST) focuses on R&D in space cluding among others HRPT/MetOp satellite for development of new methods and equipment in propulsion and space transportation. IoA deve- ground station, Peta flop class cluster for big data the fields of: robotics, satellite navigation and teleme- lops technologies for environmentally-friendly rocket processing and Full size cubic Cave Automatic Vir- try, testing components and systems. PIAP special- propulsion systems. A crucial achievement within tual Environment laboratory. ists are experienced in realization of the unique the field is the development and commercialization In the last year GUT obtained prestigious HR Ex- technical solutions for IT systems for hazards moni- of the method for obtaining High-Test Peroxide (up cellence in Research logo given by European Com- toring and telemetry systems covering also smart sen- to 99.99%). A few propulsion platforms with va - mission, and as one of the 12 best Polish sors’ network and different methods of data rious thrust levels (1-5000 N) have been deve- universities was qualified to The Times Higher transmission, also for critical infrastructure and re- loped. Current activities include work on systems Education World University Rankings. searches are active in fields of robots autonomy, de- with thrusts up to 50000 N. The work of the The university continually strives to ensure that at cision support and human machine interface design. Centre includes development of sounding rocket least 20% of graduates establish their own high PIAP realized several projects concerning issues, rel- systems and launch vehicle subsystems. Institute of tech start-up companies, mostly in Information and evant to proposal topic, like: teleoperation of mobile Aviation has capabilities in delivering microgravity Communications Technology (ICT) and chemistry. robots equipped with manipulators, intuitive and experimentation platforms and services. Since 2007 In the academic year 2016/2017 the new inter- adaptable Human-Machine Interfaces, device control numerous small launch vehicle studies have been collegiate field of study Space and Satellite Tech- consoles, robot internal task management, additional completed. Several international activities concer- nology was established at GUT jointly with on-robot data acquirement and transfer, monitoring ning spacecraft deorbitation are ongoing. Example Maritime University and the Naval Academy in of security breaks in critical infrastructure. PIAP partners of IoA include General Electric, Pratt & Gdynia. is widely cooperating with industrial and scientific Whitney, Lockheed Martin, Thales Alenia Space, organizations and research groups from EU and Can- Airbus Space and Defence, Rolls Royce and Polish didate Countries. Armaments Group. 9 Technology

Institute of Electronic Materials Technology Institute of Fundamental Technological Research Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry in Warsaw of Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw in Warsaw www.itme.edu.pl www.ippt.pan.pl www.ipo.waw.pl

Founded in the early seventies of the twentieth The Institute of Fundamental Technological Re- Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry (IPO) century, the Institute of Electronic Materials Tech- search (IPPT PAN) was established in 1954 and carries out research concerning national defence, nology (ITME) with about 300 employees is a the main task of the Institute is to conduct high state services, chemical and manufacturing process research, development and consultative institution quality research in the areas which are the focus of safety as well as work for the agriculture including: offering a unique combination of scientific and the world's science and technology. The most im- production technology for plant protection agents, technological capabilities. The Institute of Elec- portant fields of the Institute's expertise include elaboration of effective and safe application of tronic Materials Technology is recognized for its theoretical and applied mechanics, theory of cou- plant protection agents in arviculture and pomicul- comprehensive and interdisciplinary research in the pled mechanical and physical fields, theoretical and ture. IPO elaborates and implements preparations field of materials engineering, electronics, photo- experimental mechanics of materials and structures, for insect control in animal farming and sanitary hy- nics, optoelectronics, environmental engineering, computational methods in mechanics, acoustoelec- giene, auxiliary products for pharmacy, household chemical technology and nanotechnology. tronics, and ultrasonic medical diagnostics. Exten- chemistry, paper and tanning industry. Our research in the field of materials engineering is sive research is also conducted in several branches IPO implements and abides regulations concerning carried out on advanced and innovative new gene- of fundamental science and technology, such as: ban on research, production, storage, and use of ration materials, including two-dimensional materi- physics and thermodynamics of continua; plasma chemical weapons as well as its destruction. Labora- als such as graphene. Technologies for producing physics; stochastic dynamics; fluid mechanics; laser tory of Dangerous Properties of Materials functio- new materials are being developed and properties beam interaction with metal surfaces, nanophoton- ning possess the implemented Quality Management of the materials are being tested, as well as their ics, applied mathematics, applied informatics, and System confirmed by the Polish Center for Testing in applications in power industry, electronics, pho- bio-informatics. The Institute has an extensive ex- a wide range at fields: chemical safety, technical ex- tonics, aerospace, automotive and other sectors. perience in international co-operation particularly in plosives, powders, rocket propellants, electrostatic The ITME achievements place it among the best the area of international Research and Technology hazards. The Laboratory is among 12 laboratories in research and development institutions that suc- Development projects (RTD). Great importance the world which have been recognized by the UN cessfully carry out innovative research in many fields is attributed to various forms of co-operation with as leading global entities and references for interna- related to new technology. Scientists cooperate industry. Together with the results of scientific re- tional applied methods. with a great number of national and foreign uni- search, the Institute has developed a wide range of In 2016 the first ESA project was received versities, institutes, research and development cen- modern technologies. Today IPPT PAN employs (GSTP project „Hydrogen Peroxide Storabi- tres and major electronic industries all over the over 140 scientists and researchers , including lity/CopmpalibilityVerification” is done within a globe. The Institute provides its research and tech- 48 professors and provides first-rate PhD educa- Polish consortium with Jakusz). nological services to industries and other scientific tion in contemporary technology, mechanics, The Institute offers development of compositions institutions. acoustics, computing, and its advances related to and technologies of high-energy materials, pro- biomedical applications, enhanced by internation- duction of products for special needs, tests of ex- alization, links with industry, and the encourage- plosives and hazardous materials and evaluation 10 ment of a discovery spirit. and classification of dangerous goods in transport. Technology

Institute of Plasma Physics Lodz University of Technology Military University of Technology and Laser Microfusion in Warsaw in Warsaw www.ipplm.pl www.p.lodz.pl www.wat.edu.pl

The Institute (IPPLM) was founded on 1st Janu- Lodz University of Technology (TUL) offers 36 fields Military University of Technology (MUT) is one of ary 1976. The IPPLM’s activity includes research of studies to over 20 thousand students, including the leading research, science and technology poly- on the thermonuclear fusion in devices with the mag- one hundred twenty specializations at nine faculties. technic school in Poland. MUT is unique center in netically confined plasma (in tokamaks and stellara- The profile of education at TUL combines knowledge Poland, offers both for military and civilian students tors) and fusion induced by the pulsed lasers; the of basic sciences, technical sciences, specialist sub- high quality undergraduate and postgradu ate stu- study and applications of Plasma Focus devices and jects with the issues in the area of organization and dies leading to the Bachelor’s, Master’s and PhD’s plasma thrusters are also carried out. These studies management, economics, banking, marketing, and in degree as well as specialist short time courses. include experimental research, theoretical analysis, arts. Students get acquainted with the latest tech- MUT as research entity carrying out a compre- and numerical simulations of plasmas. IPPLM rep- nologies and computer applications. Over 1500 hensive basic and applied research, implementa- resents Poland in the EUROfusion consortium, academics work at TUL. They are among the lead- tion and modernisation within the scope of new which was created in Europe for the development of ers in Polish and international universities in research technologies, chemistry, physics, photonics, op- fusion energy within EURATOM Community. on numerous areas of science and technology. A large tics, bioengineering, advanced energetic technolo- IPPLM coordinates fusion projects performed by number of the research concerns applications of new gies for the national and military applications. Polish institutions in the frame of the national technologies and materials as well as working out of Numerous inventions, innovations and prestigious CeNTE Consortium. Satellite Plasma Thruster new technologies. The best represented areas of sci- national and international patents and awards Laboratory (PlaNS) in the IPPLM develops R&D ence are biotechnology, electronics and telecommu- prove a very high level of MUT’s research. Nowa- activity in the field of experimental and theoretical nication, computer science, materials engineering, days the space technology and carrying out space plasma physics relevant to electric propulsion, the technologies and nanotechnologies applied in tech- research is one of new MUT‘s interest to support design of a small Hall effect thruster (HET), and nique, medicine, environmental protection, and im- innovation activities of the national authorities con- a pulsed plasma thruster (PPT) devoted mainly for provement of food safety and quality. Biomedical cerning space sector development and reaching a micro-satellites. The PlaNS laboratory also carries engineering and research in new technologies in tex- high research level in the field of aerospace engi- out technological design and laboratory tests of tile engineering are also dynamically developing areas neering. The main research scope of MUT based plasma sources (Hall accelerators in particular). The of science at the university. Lodz University of Tech- over six academic faculties: Faculty of Cybernetics, major part of this work was realized within EC FP7 nology coordinates the activities of The Baltic Sea Faculty of Electronics, Faculty of Advanced Tech- projects, as well as the ESA project. In the frame- University which include 180 universities from 14 nologies and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineer- work of the ESA PECS program, the KLIMT-HET countries of the Baltic Sea region. The creation of ing and Geodesy, Faculty of Mechatronics and project gained funding for implementation. Within the Laser Diagnostic and Therapy Centre - a future Aerospace, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. the project, the design and tests of a 300–500 medicine institution is regarded to be a remarkable Nowadays MUT aims at increasing its participa- W small KLIMT model have been successfully ac- achievement of TUL. The main objective to create tion in European programs for research and deve- complished. The tests were performed in the ESA’s this unit was to do research on influence of laser rays lopment such as Structural Funds 2014-2020, Propulsion Lab. in the Netherlands, as well as in on human organism as well as to develop new meth- Horizon 2020, European Defence Agency, the PlaNS Laboratory. ods of hea-ling with the use of laser technology. NATO and space research of ESA programmes. 11 Technology

Poznań University of Technology Silesian University of Technology Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw www.put.poznan.pl www.polsl.pl www.cbk.waw.pl

Poznan University of Technology (PUT) offers edu - Civil Aviation Personnel Education Centre of Cen- Space Research Centre (CBK) is a governmental, cation in ten faculties, providing a total of 26 ma- tral and Eastern Europe Silesian University of Tech- non-profit, research organisation that was estab- jors. PUT facilitates the implementation of its vision nology was established in 2008. Representatives lished in 1976. The fields of CBK’s scientific in- as the country's top university of technology, from aviation sector seats in the Programme Council. terest of are: space and solar physics, aspiring to be a partner of European schools of Members of Programme Council are: Civil Aviation dynamics and planetology, remote sensing, satellite higher education in terms of providing the quality Authority, Polish Air Navigation Services Agency, geodesy and geodynamics. To support these areas of education and research level. PUT has been ad- Council of Regional Airports, Polish Aviation Club, of interest, a wide range of technically advanced mitted to the Conference of European Schools for Silesian University of Technology. The Centre or- instruments have been developed. CBK scientists Advanced Engineering Education and Research; is ganised "Poland Air Team" which conducts inten- serve as elected officers of several scientific inter- also a member of Societe Europeenne pour la For- sive scientific works - research concerning the national organisations. The CBK has developed mation des Ingenieurs, European University Asso- implementation of techniques and satellite tech- and manufactured space-qualified hardware for ciation, International Association of Universities, nologies in aviation. Its participating in global acti- over 60 space missions. The space instruments and more. vities, such as implementation of Performance Based made in the institute studied or are going to exa - In 2016 the Aeronautics and Aerospace course Navigation. GNSS in air navigation. Together with mine the Earth’s orbit and deep space within the was established by the Faculty of Machines and Polish Air Navigation Services Agency fulfill Euro- following satellite projects and missions: Apex, Transport and educates students in 4 specializa- pean plans: EGNOS Introduction in European CoronasI, Interball–2, Cassini/Huygens, tions: Piloting of Aircraft, Aircraft and Flap En- Eastern Region - APV Mielec and Helicopters De- Priroda/Mir, Coronas-F, Integral, Rosetta, Mars gines, Air Transport, and Aviation Safety and ploy GNSS in Europe (HEDGE) Projects, Heli- Express, Venus Express, Demeter, Herschel, Solar Management. In addition, postgraduate studies in copters Deploy GNSS in Europe (HEDGE) Next Orbiter, ASIM, Taranis, Bepi Colombo, JUICE, Space Engineering, Mechatronics, and Diagnostics Project, Support on Pre-Operational Actions in Chang-E and ATHENA. CBK is the only institu- of Aircraft Engines are here offered. These fields of GNSS (SHERPA) Project. Preparation of tion in Poland whose activity is fully devoted to education correlate with research activities of the EGNOS implementation plans are in line of part of space research and its applications in space Faculty. national PBN strategies and PinS procedure for ro- weather, geosciences, technology, and security. The main areas of research concern phenomena re- torcrafts. Centre participated in many workshops CBK has over 50 cooperating partners both in lated to the aerodynamic heating and the activity and prepared with PANSA national documents: Poland and abroad and it is visited each year by is generally focused on two main problems: the SHERPA-PANSA-NMA-D11 EP EGNOS over 100 foreign researchers. The guest room fa- evaluation of the existing reusable thermal protec- POLAND MAKET ANALYSIS, SHERPA- cilities, seminar rooms and other elements of infra- tion system and on the new solutions of the PANSA-NSR-D21EP Polish National Scenario, structure are a visitor friendly environment. The reusable thermal shields systems. Research analy- SHERPA-PANSA-ENIP-D22EP EGNOS Na- institute has a strong market-orientation, the rela- ses mainly concern passive thermal protection sys- tional Implementation Plan, SHERPA-PANSA- tions with industry, especially SMEs are well es- tems for orbiters, as well as metal shields of space ENIP-D22EP EGNOS National Implementation tablished and a substantial part of funding comes 12 aircrafts. Plan. from contracts. Technology

Szewalski Institite of Fluid-Flow Machinery Warsaw University of Technology Wroclaw University of Science and Technology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Gdańsk www.imp.gda.pl/en www.pw.edu.pl www.space-comm.pwr.wroc.pl

The Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery PAS (IMP- The Warsaw University of Technology (WUT), the Wroclaw University of Sciences and Technology PAN) is the biggest among scientific units of the oldest and the highest-ranking technical University (WUST) has been established in 1945. Polish Academy of Sciences in Northern Poland in Poland has become the most important scientific Presently, at 16 WUST Faculties is enrolled more and the second largest in the country. IMP-PAN centre of engineering in Poland and gained interna- than 34 000 students and more than 2000 aca - hires over 200 employees, where 96 hold a scien- tional prestige. Research is conducted in pure and demic staff is employed. ce degree (including 30 nominated professors). applied sciences by all of its organizational units: Research interests in aerospace engineering is focused The Institute possesses all possible authorisations and institutes, faculties and research centres. on electrical engineering, robotics and structures. academic rights in the area of mechanics, machine WUT has long lasted activity in research and edu- Highlights of space programs are onboard commu- construction and exploitation as well as ener getics. cation in the field of space technology and explo- nication systems and antennas. Other major contri- Energy conversion in flows constitutes the funda- ration, going back to late sixties of the previous butions are in re-entry space transportation. Various mental research field in IMP-PAN, however lately century when teaching and research in small rocket antennas, the broadband communication system and its scientific policy was shifted towards a new spe- propulsion systems and combustion processes in microwave circuits for use onboard small satellites cialization i.e. RES-based small-scale distributed microgravity started. In 1996 a new in Polish aca - had been developed and have been delivered by heat and power engineering (highly efficient co- demia interfaculty course in space technology was WUST to space missions that are space flown or generation systems, boilers, gasifiers, PV and ener - established and the first Polish Students’ Space their spacecraft integration are underway for missions gy storage). The investigations are being carried Association created at WUT. Since then students planned in 2018. Among them, WUST develo - out in the field of: fluid mechanics, multiphase have been participating in the majority of the ESA ped a pair of antennas on the Columbus modu le/In- flows, thermodynamics, plasma physics, laser tech- educational programmes developing and building ternational Space Station for broadcasting digital TV nique, nanotechnologies, mart materials, machine Mars rovers, sounding rockets, cansat launchers, and other signals. These antennas operate in open mechanics, tribology and diagnostics. Apart from stratospheric balloons, small satellite thrusters and space flawlessly since 2008. the fundamental research, the Institute offers its satellites in a cubesat standard (PW_Sat1 – the WUST has developed the broadband communi- services in the area of practical engineering appli- first Polish satellite launched in 2012, PW_Sat2 cation system and a part of the onboard computer cations such as: turbines, pumps and hydrokinetic – will be put on the orbit in 2018). For over 20 for European Student Earth Orbiter (ESEO) and couplings, ventillators, marine propellers, solar col- years the WUT research groups have been taking for SSETI-Express (2005). The antenna con- lectors; their design, calculation and technical ex- part in many space related projects comprising new tracted by CNES has been developed for its pertise; development of unique equipment and materials, control, navigation and mission analysis, broadband satellites. WUST has implemented an apparatus. In the field closely related to 'space scie- satellite communication systems, radar systems and extensive range of activities aiming at transferring nce' the Institute is involved in studies of plasma- signal processing, rocket and satellite propulsion technologies originated at space program to mari - dynamics (e.g. ion thrusters), aerothermodynamics, systems, on-board computer modules, large scale time 4G/5G communication, avionics for small including flow control and passive control of shock integrated photonic components, high resolution planes and reduction of toxic emission by power waves, as well as structure health monitoring. satellite images processing and utilization in geo- plants. There are ongoing technology develop- detics engineering and other industrial applications. ments of polarimetric aerospace SAR radar. 13 SSA and Navigation

Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan Maritime University in Szczecin National Institute of Telecommunications

www.amu.edu.pl www.am.szczecin.pl www.itl.waw.pl

Adam Mickiewicz University (AMU) in Poznań The Maritime University of Szczecin (MUS) is a The National Institute of Telecommunications is the major academic institution in Poznań and one continuator of State Marine School founded in (NIT) is a modern research & development insti- of the top Polish universities. Its reputation is Szczecin in 1947. Currently, there are 3 faculties tution operating in the area of telecommunications founded on tradition, the outstanding achievements at MUS, 2 of which have full academic rights to and information technology. It conducts works in of the faculty and the attractive curriculum offered grant postdoctoral degrees in 2 disciplines. In the the scope of development of the state telecom- to students. Faculty of Navigation, Faculty of Marine Engi- munications network, normalization and standardi- In addition to its facilities in Poznań, it has cam- neering, and the Faculty of Economics and Trans- zation of telecommunication systems and devices. puses in Gniezno, Kalisz, Piła and Słubice/Frank- port Engineering, offering totally 30 NIT now employs about 250 persons among furt-Oder. The University currently employs nearly specializations, study almost 4 000 students a them the team of scientists and experts with high 3,000 teaching staff, including 264 tenured pro- year. The mission of MUS is to educate highly competences in the field of telecommunications and fessors, 439 associate professors and 1617 ad- qualified maritime staff i.e. navigators, surveyors, information technology, in its three centres: in War- junct professors with the Ph.D. title and senior mechanics etc. answering the needs of contempo- saw, Wroclaw and Gdansk. It has a stable eco- lecturers. The University was founded in 1919 rary transport, fishing and offshore fleet and staff nomic position and manages to operate effectively and currently its student population is nearly 49 prepared to implement supporting computer soft- in new market conditions and in a quickly chan- 000 students (over 1000 are international stu- ware, specialized in marine traffic engineering and ging environment. An extremely quick pace of dents). transport-forwarding-logistics. MUS has over 100 changes in those areas and a related emergence of Students may choose between 180 possible pro- well-equipped laboratories, a modern research- the information civilization understood as a combi- fessional specialisations. In recent years the educa- training vessel the m/s Nawigator XXI and more nation of the information society and the know- tional offer has become increasingly diverse. New than 20 technically most advanced simulators. The ledge-based economy, constitute challenges the educational projects include: integrated studies in Faculty of Navigation prepares students to work Institute is able to meet. Undoubtedly it is possi- humanities, natural sciences, social sciences, and in the following fields: navigation, transport, geoin- ble due to a long-term tradition of the NIT and re- program carried out in cooperation with other in- formatics, marine informatics, offshore survey, sulting experiences, highly qualified scientific and stitutions both in Poland and abroad. AMU com- ocean engineering and ship technology. Research engineering staff and tangible resources. General prises 15 faculties. on application of global satellite navigation systems mission of the National Institute of Telecommuni- in wide maritime and inland marine domain, navi- cations is: to serve purposes of the development of gation systems, and satellite navigation systems in information society and knowledge-based eco- particular, are part of Faculty’s employees research nomy, to provide a scientific, research and techni- interests. Amongst others, the Institute of Marine cal support to any institutions of the state, to Traffic Engineering concluded the project EM- perform works used in practice by entities opera- PONA for ESA and the Institute of Marine ting in the market. Geoinformatics is the leader of the Polish White 14 Paper of Spatial Hydro Information. SSA and Navigation

Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn www.amw.gdynia.pl www.uwm.edu.pl

Establishing Naval Officers School was connected The University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn with regaining independence in 1918. In 1922, (UWM) was founded on 1 September 1999. The Naval Officers School in Toruń was founded. Currently, there are 17 faculties at UWM, 11 of In the pre-war period the school trained more than which have full academic rights, namely the right to 250 Navy officers. During the WWII as early as grant postdoctoral degrees (in 13 disciplines). November 1939 the Naval Officer School was re- Furthermore, the doctoral degree can be granted at activated in the British naval base of Davenport, later 16 faculties, within 24 disciplines. at Okehampton. The School served the Polish Navy The Faculty of Geodesy and Land Management until December 1946, when it was closed down. prepares students to work in the following fields: After the WWII the main objective was to recreate, digital photogrammetry and Internet photogram- in fact build from the start, the Naval Officers metry, close range photogrammetry, engineering ge- School in new location – on Oksywie – part of odesy, satellite geodesy, higher geodesy, geomatics Gdynia. It started to operate as early as 18 Janu- and spatial information systems, land management, ary 1946 and has continued its mission up to the numerical cartography, cadastral survey and com- present. The school, with the passage of time, has mon appraisal, mathematics and mathematical sta- reached higher and higher levels of excellence. Today tistics, spatial and archeological reconstruction, it is a state-owned university opens to all educa- positioning and navigation systems, remote sensing tional needs of the whole coastal region, for military and photointerpretation, theory of deterministic as well as civilian youths. Institute of Navigation and chaos in dynamic analyses, theory of environment Naval Hydro-graphy of the Polish Naval Academy and real estate evaluation. Research on application was founded in January 1973. It is a part of Fa- of global satellite navigation systems, improving culty of Navigation and Naval Weapons which has methods of acquiring, gathering and processing ge- been authorized of awarding the doctoral degree odetic and satellite data and their use in special since 80’s. The main fields of interest of Institute information systems as well as optimizing methods are: the navigational infrastructure of Polish mari - of space management are only a few examples time territories, procedures of estimation of ma- of scientific fields of interest of the faculty emplo- neuverability of ships and vessels, new procedures yees. of seabed’s shape estimation and description of bottom structure, methods of determination of the base-line of the Polish territorial sea and exploita- tion’s aspects of radionavigation systems, especially satellite systems. 15 Other

Centre for Advanced Studies in Astrobiology Institute of Geological Sciences Polish Academy Institute of Nuclear Physics (CASA) in Szczecin of Sciences in Warsaw of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Krakow www.astrobiologia.pl www.twarda.pan.pl www.ifj.edu.pl

CASA* is a virtual scientific institution in Poland Institute of Geological Sciences PAS (IGS PAS) The Institute of Nuclear Physics (IFJ PAN) per- active since 2003. Its main goals are to perform was established in 1956. The first half of century forms research of high international visibility and is and coordinate interdisciplinary research in astro- of institute activity was focused on investigations of a research institution with a large scientific and biology, develop advanced technologies, train the Earth. Since 2008, extraterrestrial topics emerged technical potential. Wide scope of interest includes next generation of researchers and increase the in IGS PAS. Geological studies of Mars, mete- theoretical and experimental research in the fields public awareness for science. CASA* is organized orites, and impact craters have become major scien - of particle physics and astrophysics, nuclear and as a consortium of five Founding Institutions: the tific paths of the IGS PAS Research Centre in strong interaction physics, condensed matter Space Research Centre, the Nicolaus Copernicus Wrocław. The main subject of planetary investiga- physics as well as interdisciplinary research in a Astronomical Centre, the Institute of Paleobiology tions are analyses of surficial processes on Mars in- range of related fields. of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, the cluding (1) reconstructions of past glacial, fluvial, Key activities of the Institute involve participation Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń and the lacustrine, mass-wasting, volcanic, and tectonic in large-scale experiments carried out through University of Szczecin. The headquarters of events on the basis of comparative studies and ge- global research collaborations. Major observational CASA* are at the Faculty of Mathematics and omorphological mapping in the equatorial trough astronomy and astroparticle projects are H.E.S.S., Physics of the University of Szczecin. CASA* system Valles Marineris, (2) searching for water HAWC and CTA detecting very-high energy brings together research teams whose experience and related sulfate minerals in the Martian polar gamma photons, AUGER and CREDO measuring covers the topics of astronomy, astrophysics, regions, and (3) investigation of slope relief ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, T2K studying neu- biopolymer physics, statistical physics, cosmic changes due to Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope trino oscillations, and SUNLAB searching for dark physics, medical genetics, space medicine, micro- Deformation (DSGSD) and its correlations with matter particles. Through these projects IFJ par- biology, biogeology, biosedimentology and ge- terrestrial examples. Another Martian topic is try- ticipates in worldwide networks for multi-messen- omicrobiology. One of the largest CASA* ing to answer whether the subsurface of Mars was ger studies of astronomical objects. programs “Through Cosmic Dust to DNA” is de- a habitable environment using studies of fracture Theoretical studies in high-energy and plasma as- signed along five scientific topics, namely the ori- networks and secondary mineralization of altered trophysics, that treat particle acceleration and gin, structure and evolution of planetary systems; Martian meteorites. The studies of impact craters transport processes, are carried out using super- mutagenic effects of cosmic radiation; effects of includes structure investigation by 3D scanning and computer simulations. ionizing radiation on organic and inorganic mole- modeling, as well as crater dating by charcoal em- Another activity of IFJ are measurements of cosmic cules; search for life under extreme conditions and placed within proximal ejecta blanket. radiation doses in space, with the aim on determi- carbonate and siliceous minerals and sediments as nation of radiation risk to astronauts. They are car- carriers of traces of extant and past microbial life. ried out mainly within European Space Agency CASA* is participating in EANA (European As- projects (e.g., MATROSHKA – exposure of a trobiology Network Association), several COST human phantom at the International Space Sta- actions and in a number of international projects. tion), using miniature thermoluminescent detectors 16 developed at the IFJ. Other

Main School of Fire Service in Warsaw Military Institute of Aviation Medicine National Centre for Nuclear Research in Swierk in Warsaw www.sgsp.edu.pl www.wiml.waw.pl www.ncbj.gov.pl

The Main School of Fire Service (SGSP) is a state The Military Institute of Aviation Medicine was NCBJ is the largest research Institute in Poland services technical university supervised by the Mini- established shortly after Poland regained its inde- with over 1000 employees. It operates Maria, ster of Interior and Administration. SGSP is the only pendence. The scientific activity undertaken by the the sole in Poland research nuclear reactor. It con- one scientific and educational entity in Poland Institute dates back to January, 1928 when the ducts both fundamental and applied research in which is appointed to train fire officers Aviation Medical Centre was set up in Warsaw on various fields of physics (elementary particle (Eng./Bach./Msc. Eng.). The mission of the uni- order of the later first Marshal of Poland Józef Pił- physics, nuclear physics, hot plasma physics, astro- versity is to train specialists in civilization and natu- sudski. It was the first health care centre serving physics etc.), nuclear power, application of ionizing ral threats analyses, life, health and property the needs of aviation. In 1931, built the first Iow radiation in medicine, industry etc. protection and other valuables, but also to educate pressure chamber and thus began equipping the Fundamental research includes experimental and students in the feeling of patriotism and sacrifice in Institute in other devices and aviation simulators. theoretical efforts to discover the most fundamen- duty with respect to duty discipline. At the same The Institute is proud to be continuing and deve- tal laws of . We have participated in large in- time SGSP is an operational unit of the State Fire loping this tradition. ternational research consortia organized to delve Service. SGSP is a two-faculty university, which Currently the scientific activity at the Institute fo- deep into the smallest elements the matter is com- educates in safety engineering in two specialties: cuses on the issues of aviation pathophysiology and posed of, as well as have built proprietary robots Fire Safety Engineering and Civil Safety Engineering. psychology, connected with the diagnostics and capable to observe deep skies. To that end we Among our students there are fire-fighters of the treatment of diseases limiting the ability to perform have developed indispensable research infrastruc- State Fire Service, officers of other emergency servi - air service. Moreover the unique character and ture, in particular Świerk Computing Centre. ces and fire services supervised by the Minister of range of work carried out at the Institute is focused Space technologies are developed / space-related Interior and Administration as well as “civilian” stu- around Scientific and Didactic Centre, Aeromed- research is conducted in NCBJ Astrophysics Di- dents not depended on the Ministry. Civil Safety ical Training Division, Clinical Centre, Medical As- vision, as well as in NCBJ Department of Nuclear Engineering Faculty educates specialists in civil pro- sessment and Occupational Medicine Centre, Techniques & Equipment. In particular, NCBJ has tection/safety engineering encompassing civil plan- Night Vision Training System. contributed to construction of the POLAR De- ning, organisational preparedness against threats and tector launched on September 15, 2016 on prevention and liquidation of disasters’ conse- board Tiangong-2 Chinese space station to mea su - quences. SGSP contributes in research projects re photon polarization in Gamma Ray Bursts. which are realized in frames of bilateral and multi- NCBJ has been involved in the EUSO experi- lateral international cooperation. Since 2004 ments for ISS and stratospheric balloons aimed to SGSP is a member of the European Fire Service detect extreme energy cosmic ray particles. Re- Colleges’ Association – EFSCA which was chaired searchers from NCBJ have participated in analysis by the University in 2009/2010. of scientific data acquired by satellites launched within framework of a number of international space missions (AKARI, WISE, others). 17 Other

Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences www.cbk.waw.pl

CBK is the only institute in Poland whose activity • Also, AO Borowiec operates within the inter- is fully dedicated to research into Space, solar and national network of LOFAR telescopes dedicated planetary physics using space technology and satel- to diagnosing the ionosphere. lite techniques. Five main CBK’s research areas are: • The Geodynamic Laboratory in Książ provides physics of the Sun (a division in Wrocław, permanent observations of tidal and non tidal sig- Poland), study of and small solar system nals of gravity and tectonic deformations bodies, interplanetary space physics and astro- CBK offers Ph.D. studies in Space Physics, Geo- physics, plasma physics and • planetary geodesy dynamics and space technologies and technics. and geodynamics with Astrogeodynamic Obser- vatory in Borowiec. Moreover, CBK’s activities cover: • Regional Warning Centre Warsaw, which is the branch of International Space Environment Service (ISES), responsible for measurements and predic- tions of solar activity and related Earth phenomena. • CBK is present on the Polish Polar Station Hornsund on Spitsbergen to monitor polar ionos- pheric conditions using ionosond, riometer and GPS receivers for scintillation monitoring. • RIMS station of EGNOS system in Warsaw provides permanent GNSS observations for the EGNOS corrections. • Crisis Information Centre in Warsaw uses satel- lite imagery to improve performance in the area of emergency and crisis management. • Astrogeodynamic Observatory in Borowiec provides permanent GPS observations and inter- national laser ranging service designed to track space debris. • AO Borowiec determines and distributes a very precise time scale with accuracy provided by Ce- 18 sium Fountain atomic clock. Astronomy

Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Jagiellonian University in Krakow Niccolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw www.astro.amu.edu.pl www.oa.uj.edu.pl www.camk.edu.pl

The history of the Astronomical Observatory of The Astronomical Observatory is an Institute within The Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan begins in the Department of Physics, Astronomy and Ap- (CAMK) was founded in 1978, based on the 1919 shortly after Poland regained its indepen- plied Computer Science of the Jagiellonian Uni- Astronomy Unit of the Academy, set up in 1956. dence after the First World War. The Observatory versity in Krakow. It is named after Nicolaus The construction and equipment of CAMK were is a part of the Physics Faculty, with 35 staff in- Copernicus and is based at Fort Skala, some 10 km made possible thanks to help from the American cluding 20 researchers. From the very beginning (6 miles) west of the centre of the city. Travelis astronomical community. CAMK was one of the scientific activities of the Faculty covered the fields through either of the settlements of Bielany or Za- pioneers of numerical computing methods, networks of astrometry and celestial mechanics. Recently kamycze. The University was founded in 1364, and Internet in Poland, and was equipped with one scientific research has been extended also to astro- the Observatory - in 1792. Since that moment the of the first microcomputers.Many highly regarded physics. Education at the Observatory includes un- scientific program of the Observatory has cove red Polish astronomers who now work around the world dergraduate and postgraduate studies in astronomy observations of the positions of the Sun, the Moon originally came from the Centre. Currently all the as well as introductory lectures for students of geo - and Jupiter satellites, stellar occultation’s, celestial major areas of astrophysics are studied at CAMK. graphy and physics. Main research areas include: mechanics of the Solar System and binary stars, me- Research is carried out in stellar evolution, the the- dynamics of artificial satellites, dynamics of Small teorological observations, research of eclipsing bi- ory of accretion, high energy astrophysics, the dy- Bodies in the Planetary System, dynamics of comets naries, the rotation and figure of the Moon. A namics of stellar systems, cosmology, relativity in the Oort Cloud, physical studies of asteroids, ra- detailed history of the Observatory is available. theory, the astrophysics of neutron stars, numerical dial velocities of stars, stellar astrophysics. Currently, there are about 40 scientists, actively simulations and other fields. Astronomers from carrying out research in the following fields: CAMK are involved in a number of major interna- cometary physics, photometry and modelling of va- tional observational projects such as: H.E.S.S. and rious stars, the observation of radio emission from CTA (observations of ultra-high energy photons the Sun, extragalactic radio sources, active Galac- (TeV) via detection of Cherenkov radiation), Her- tic nuclei, the interstellar and intergalactic medium, schel (satellite observations in IR domain), SALT galactic physics, magnetic fields in the Universe and (Southern African Large Telescope), INTEGRAL, the large-scale structure of the Universe. Research Fermi (satellite observations of gamma rays) and in is often in cooperation with a number of other in- LIGO-VIRGO project for detection of gravita- stitutions both in Poland and abroad, using a wide tional waves. Two projects are financed in part by range of instruments and satellite observations. European Research Council: SOLARIS, search for extrasolar planetary systems, (Starting Independent Researcher Grant) and Araucaria (measuring the cos- mic distance scale with 1% accuracy). The ground station for the control of the first Polish scien tific satel- lite BRITE is also located at the CAMK. 19 Astronomy

Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Pedagogical University in Krakow University of Warsaw

www.umk.pl www.up.krakow.pl www.astrouw.edu.pl

The Torun Centre for Astronomy is a part of the The idea of building a modern astronomical ob- The Astronomical Observatory of the University of Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics of servatory in a mountainous region, and therefore Warsaw was founded in 1825 and during its al- the Nicolaus Copernicus University. It was created in good climatic conditions came in the first half of most two century long history has continued scien- by a union of the Torun Obser- 1983. It was accepted by the management of the tific research and educational work. The Institute is vatory and the Institute of Astronomy on January Krakow Pedagogical University. It was decided located in the historical building in the beautiful 1st 1997. The TCA is an optical and radio ob- that the best place to build the observatory would old Lazienki Garden. The Observatory is a rela- servatory located in Piwnice about 15 km north of be the peak of Suhora in the Gorce mountain tively small Institute, its research staff counts 17 Toruń, Poland. It houses two single-dish antenna range, 1,000 m above sea level. This location was astronomers including eleven astronomers with a telescopes, 32 metres and 15 metres in diameter, several kilometres away from the nearest villages, Full Professor title, two members of the Polish as well as the largest Polish optical telescope – 90 and was surrounded by a large forest, now a na- Academy of Arts and Sciences and two members cm Schmidt-Cassegrain camera. The facility is op- tional park. Supporting the idea of building the of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Typically erated by the Nicolaus Copernicus University. observatory at the Suhora site was the presence of about 10 PhD students complete the scientific re- Also, photometry using 60 cm Cassegrain tele- a chair-lift at nearby Tobołów (934 m above sea search staff. The high scientific position of the Ob- scope is made and radio measurements of the Sun level), which solved many transportation problems. servatory’s astronomers is highly recognized by the at a frequency of 127 MHz have been recorded Since 1991, Mt. Suhora observatory has been scientific community in Poland and worldwide. As- on a daily basis since 1958 using a 23 m inter- part of a world-wide network of astronomical ob- tronomers from the Observatory are very often ferometer. Since 1981 the observatory has been servatories called The Whole Earth Telescope, awarded the most prestigious scientific awards in a part of a worldwide network of radio telescopes which carry out simultaneous observations of the Poland. The Observatory is the headquarters of participating in VLBI (Very Long Baseline Inter- variable stars (at specific set times), whenever pos- two widely recognized worldwide large scale ferometry). The 32 m telescope is a 620-ton sible throughout a 24 hour period. The observa- longterm sky surveys: OGLE and ASAS - lea- construction. It is used in VLBI experiments, as tories are situated at various geographical ders in the new field of modern astrophysics. As- well as spectroscopic, flux, polarisation measure- longitudes around the globe such that, if in one tronomers from the Observatory are also actively ments and observations. The 15 m tele- location night is ending, a different site further to involved in many well-known astrophysical col- scope is used for training students of the Nicolaus the west can continue the observations. Two week labo rations like Araucaria, H.E.S.S., CTA, Copernicus University. The observatory’s role as observation sessions, coordinated by the head- LIGO/VIRGO and satellite missions like Planck a VLBI station is unique in central/eastern Europe. quarters, take place a few times each year. The re- and Gaia. The Observatory operates two obser- The research concentrates on observations and the- search is primarily focussed on white dwarfs, high vation stations. The northern station is located in oretical interpretation of physical processes in com- density and compact stars which are in the final Ostrowik near Warsaw and it is used mainly for pact active regions of radio galaxies and quasars, stages of their evolution. Pulsations in these stars educational and training purposes. The southern observational cosmology, the timing of , the cause brightness changes of between 0.005 to station is located at the Las Campanas Observa- search for new planetary systems and Solar Sys- 0.2 mag. tory, Chile (LCO) - one of the best astronomical 20 tem studies. sites in the world. Astronomy

University of Wroclaw University of Zielona Gora www.www.astro.uni.wroc.pl www.uz.zgora.pl

The Astronomical Institute is located in the Eas- The Institute of Astronomy University of Zielona tern part of Wroclaw, in a quarter called Sepolno. Góra was established in 2000 at the Faculty of There is a dome at the top of the highest, three Mathematics, Physics and Technology of School storied building. The dome contains a 20-cm of education. Currently the Institute is entitled con- Clark-Repsold refractor. There are two departments duct an Astronomy course with specialization in in the Institute: the Department of Astrophysics and Computational Astrophysics. In autumn 2005 the Classical Astronomy and the Depart ment of Solar observation tower called Braniborska Tower was Physics and Space Science. completely restored and transformed into a mo- Tasks of the Institute include: dern astronomical observatory. The tower was built 1. It is the home institution for teaching astronomy originally between 1841 - 1860. The original within the undergraduate studies at the Wroclaw purpose of the tower was to provide opportunity University. to observe the night sky above and surrounding 2. Bialkow Observatory, which is a part of the In- landscape for the citizens of the Lower Silesia stitute, works as one of five professional observa- (now Lubuskie County). Nowadays, a telescope tories in Poland. There are actually two is placed at the top of this building. So this old professional instruments in the observatory: a 60- building, according to its tradition, is host to a new cm reflector and a 53-cm coronagraph. Observing observatory. Under a 3-meter dome, we installed staff take part in the international programs and ob- a14-inch Meade LX200GPS telescope servational campaign’s observing both the Sun and equipped with a CCD ST-8XE camera and stars. UBVRI, LRGB filters. The main topics we deal 3. It popularizes astronomy at primary and sec- with are: the theory and modelling of radio and ondary school level. Since its foundation, the As- X-ray emission from pulsars; neutron stars, strange tronomical Institute was a part of the Faculty of stars and black holes; plasma astrophysics; relativi - Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry. As the in- ty theory; modelling gravitational waves; celestial stitute developed and the number of the students mechanics and planetary exploration; extragalactic increased considerably, a need for reorganization astronomy and cosmology; modelling of interstel- appeared. In 1995 the Faculty of Chemistry was lar extinction and mathematical physics. In addi- created. A year later, the tion, employees of the institute together with remaining part of the old faculty split into two students are involved in several projects related to separate faculties: Mathematics and Informatics, observations in radio, optical and high Energy and Physics and Astronomy. (X-rays, gamma) wavelengths. 21 Supporting Institutions

European Space Foundation Mars Society Polska Polish Astronomical Society

www.spacefdn.com www.marssociety.pl www.pta.edu.pl

European Space Foundation was founded in 2014 Mars Society Polska was founded in 1999. It is a The Polish Astronomical Society (PTA), estab- as a non-government institution that supports re- non-profit organization bringing together profes- lished in 1923, is the major organization of pro- search and educational projects focused on space sionals and enthusiasts of the space industry. The fessional astronomers in Poland, bringing together and robotics. It also deals with cooperation and main reason to establish Mars Society Poland was about 300 members. The objectives of the Socie - knowledge transfer between companies and insti- to lead to the first manned mission to Mars. Mars ty are promoting the advancement of the Science of tutions. Its main mission is to promote science, tech- Society Poland belongs to a broader community of Astronomy and its teaching and encouraging popu - nology, engineering and mathematics. Among many similar organizations in ten-odd other countries on lar interest in Astronomy. This is achieved by means European Space Foundation initiatives can be men- several continents. Mars Society Poland works for of: holding conventions, symposia, scientific meet- tioned: the development of science, education and popu- ings recognizing outstanding achievements by - Organizing the European Rover Challenge – the larization of knowledge in the field of space research awarding medals and prizes publishing periodicals biggest space and robotics event in Europe, that and exploration. Mars Society Polska also support (e.g., Urania - Postępy Astronomii [Urania - Ad- gathers every year hundreds of young Mars rover the space sector in Poland. vances in Astronomy], which is one of the oldest constructors from all over the world and tens of The following are ventures implemented by Mars in the world among popular astronomy magazines) thousands of visitors. Society Polska: evaluating the state and needs of the Polish astrono- - Initiating the long-term Baltic Challenge project - educational competitions - Red Rover Goes to Mars, my collaborating with affined organizations in focused on support the development of efficient - scientific and technical projects of the manned Poland and abroad. The primary activities of PTA robotics and space technologies for the purpose of Mars vehicle - Mars Pressurized Rover, are its biennial conventions, during which scientific exploration and exploitation of the aquatic and hard - Columbia Negotiations Project simulation game accomplishments of Polish astronomers are pre- to access environment of the seas and inland water design, sented. The current state of affairs in Polish astrono- on the Earth and on the other planets and their - Polish teams in University Rover Challenge, my is analysed, which enables the coordination of moons. - participation in the Mars Desert Research Station scientific and organizational activities nationwide. - Initiating the project of building of the first Polish mission simulation, Between 1923 and 2013, thirty six PTA conven- Mars habitat (crowd-funded and located primary in - supporting Martian base projects, tions have taken place. Southern Poland) where international simulations - ASTROBOT – an astronaut competition for jun- for the analogue astronauts are taking place. ior high school students, - Publication of reports in the field of cosmology - assistance in creating algorithms of 3D RODM and robotics in Poland (eg research on the poten- Mars models, tial of student robotics teams or the image of Po- - Mars Festival and popular science lectures on lish space sector entities). space exploration, - cyclical organization of the competition of Mars rovers - European Rover Challenge as part of train- 22 ing space sector staff. Supporting Institutions

Polish Society of the Admirers of Astronomy Polish Rocketry Association UNEP/GRID-Warsaw Centre www.ptma.pl www.rakiety.org.pl www.gridw.pl

The origins of Polish Society of the Admirers of As- The Polish Rocketry Association was founded in UNEP/GRID-Warsaw Centre, a branch of the Na- tronomy, under the auspices of the Polish Academy February 2010 to gather all amateurs of experi- tional Foundation for Environmental Protection of Sciences, is one of the oldest companies in Poland. mental rockets builders and to coordinate their ac- (a non-governmental organization), is a specialized, Proper beginning of the creation of the Society was tivities. We associate people of different professions UN-affiliated agency collecting, processing, and dis- the appearance in 1919 Brorsena-periodic comet such as: mechanics, electronics, chemists, desig- seminating environmental information for Poland and Metcalf ((23P / 1919 Q1) (1919 III) ners, IT designers, students and many others. In other countries. Specific areas of expertise and ac- (1919b). The aim of the Society is to practice and October 2010 Prof. Jacek Walczewski, co- tivity entail analyses of spatial data on environmen- increased public awareness about the Universe by: founder of METEOR 2K research rocket (altitude tal and socio-economic phenomena and processes; - creating the union of people working in the field ca. 100 km in 1970) joined PRA as an honorary geodatabase development and maintenance (incl. of astronomy and related sciences, and interest in member. As part of our activities we take part in data harmonization according to the INSPIRE im- these areas of knowledge, popular science events in Poland, perform shows, plementing rules); development and market applica- - familiarizing members of the Society of the la test make model trainings; we do our best to get peo- tion of GIS solutions and geoportals as well as progress of astronomy and related sciences and to ple interested in rocketry. We organize rocket mee- practical implementation of result of scientific dis- stimulate your own research, tings in Poland to launch experimental rockets and covery related to novel geoinformation tools and - popularization of astronomy among the most ex- model rockets. This kind of our activity is possible methods. Centre is involved in capacity building, tensive areas of society, particularly young people. thanks to cooperation with the Polish Army, which providing specialized trainings, educational materials The company achieves its objectives by: opens military areas for safe flights. We cooperate and publications targeted primarily at public admini - - the establishment and operation of astronomical also with universities, research institutes and foreign stration bodies and related to the use of remote observatories and planetariums, organizations presenting similar goals and activities. sensing tools, GIS tools and applications (with focus - publishing including magazines, books, yearbooks, Our achievements, as for now include building a on open source solutions), spatial data (provided maps, atlases, newsletters, and other tea-ching aids supersonic rocket, which reached a height of 4.5 accordingly to the INSPIRE Directive, open data, and scientific, km, made a movie from board, collected flight data Copernicus products, etc.) for environmental mana- - the organization of technical and scientific labora- and landed safely. Our next plan is to achieve a gement, spatial planning, crisis management, etc. tory to facilitate members of independent research flight altitude of 10 km by using a hydride rocket UNEP/GRID-Warsaw Centre is associated with and observation, motor, which is under construction now. Our dream the NEREUS as DORIS_Net Regional Contact - research, is to develop a Polish amateur research rocket which Office (RCO) in the Mazovia Region – centre fo- - Public decoration shows the sky, is able to reach an altitude of 100 km. We would cused on promoting use of satellite data and tech- - the creation of special libraries, like to expand the knowledge and change the atti- nologies as a trigger for development of the region. - Wheels Astronomical School organization, tude of Poles in respect to the civil use of rocket Centre is also a member of Copernicus Academy, - lectures and organizing scientific conferences, techniques and history of Polish research rockets. bridging the gap between skills and the use of satel- - maintaining contacts with similar institutions in the lite data by implementation of education and net- country and abroad. working activities. 23 Supporting Institutions

University of Warsaw - Department of Interna- Committee of Space and Satellite Research of tional Aviation and Space Law the Polish Academy of Sciences www.wpia.uw.edu.pl www.kbkis.pan.pl

The Department of International Aviation and Committee of Space and Satellite Research of the Space Law is a division of the Institute of Interna- Polish Academy of Sciences (CSSR)tenure per- tional Law operating at the Faculty of Law and Ad- forms the following tasks: Integrating and stimulat- ministration of the University of Warsaw. The ing research in Poland and the use of space and Department has been established in 1990, thanks scientific cooperation with foreign and international the efforts of prof. dr hab. Zdzislaw Galicki, who organizations in this field and have representation was subsequently managing its work for over 20 in Poland. Supporting action taken on Poland’s years. Currently, the research conducted at the accession in membership into the European Space Department is directed by dr hab. Katarzyna Agency, and the creation of a Polish Space Myszona-Kostrzewa, a long-standing member of Agency. Promotion of space research in radio, tel- the Committee on Space and Satellite Research of evision and other media. The structure of the Com- the Polish Academy of Sciences. The Department mittee is formed by Bureau and Sections of International Aviation and Space Law is, so far, Committee. Currently, the Committee consist of the only research unit dealing with international five sections: space law in Poland. - Section of Astronautics and Space Technology, As part of the work carried out by Department, - Section of Astrobiology and Space Medicine, research related to the development of international - Space Physics Section, space law is conducted, with special regard being - Section of Satellite Geodesy, given to the legal aspects of the use of new tech- - Section of Remote Sensing. nologies, including satellite technology. Master’s CSSR is the representative of Poland in COSPAR. theses on space law are written under the auspices of the academic staff of the Department. The De- partment is also responsible for education of stu- dents in the field of international space law.

24 Planetariums

Silesian Planetarium in Chorzow Observatory and Planetarium in Frombork Planetarium in Grudziadz www.planetarium.edu.pl www.frombork.art.pl www.planetarium.grudziadz.pl

The biggest and the oldest planetarium in Poland was The planetarium is situated in the belfry, also called The Nicolaus Copernicus Planetarium and Astro- founded in 1955 to commemorate a great astro- the Radziejowski’s Tower. It is equipped with Carl nomical Observatory in Grudziądz has been run- nomer - Nicolaus Copernicus. It is provided with Zeiss machinery and projects on the dome (8 m in ning for over 40 years. Since 1972, over 35 years Zeiss projection apparatus, placed under the 23 me- diameter) the images of the sky seen from any place of activities relating to popularize astronomy, tres dome - the screen of the artificial sky. Almost on Earth, any time of day or year. It depicts on ar- Grudziądz Planetarium and Observatory, was visi - 400 spectators can watch the programme at one tificial sky the course of the Sun, planets, comets, ted by over 250,000 people. Grudziądz Plane- time. The planetarium sky is an exact picture of the artificial satellites, and images of over 6000 stars. tarium and Observatory is also the organizer of the real firmament under which different lectures take Astronomical observatory – around 1.5 km south- National Youth Seminar for Astronomy (OMSA). place. The telescope with a 30 cm lens situated in west from Frombork, on a hill positioned In 2009, for the twenty-fifth time the final of the the Astronomical Observatory enables astronomers 47 m over sea level (known as the Crane Moun- competition took place. The main operations of the who work in the Planetarium to follow tain). It has at its disposal pavilions with instruments planetarium are projections for schools teaching planetoids and comets. On fine days, visitors can for observing the sky – telescopes etc.; observa- about different types of nature, astronomy, geogra- observe the Sun, and after the sunset – admire the tory platform, and a research building, small library phy and physics, also for preschoolers. The plane- most interesting night objects, magnified up to 750 and dark room. The observatory serves mostly tarium is visited each year by approx. 8,000 times. Time is measured by the big sun-dial which educational purposes. In the summer it hosts the people. is situated in the planetarium yard. The meteoro- astronomy fans group organised by the educational logical and seismologic stations are on regular duty. program called Holidays in the planetarium. Due to their standard equipment it is possible to run attractive lessons for students. The exhibition placed in the ring surrounding the dome is worth seeing when you visit the Planetarium. In the video room, decorated with portraits of Polish as- tronomers, visitors can meet an astronomer and dis- cuss current astronomical events. An astronomical contest is organized for students showing great in- terest in astronomy and physics. A group of ama- teurs can take part in the meetings organized by various clubs and also by the Silesian Department of the Polish Amateurs Astronomical Society. They can use all the attractions of Planetarium, including the library with over 10 thousand books and maga- zines. 25 Planetariums

Observatory and Planetarium in Olsztyn W. Dziewulski Planetarium in Torun Copernicus Science Centre, Planetarium in Warsaw www.planetarium.olsztyn.pl www.planetarium.torun.pl www.kopernik.org.pl

In the centre of Olsztyn, the capital of Warmia and The Planetarium is located in the area of the Old The Heavens of Copernicus is one of the most com- Mazury, visitors will find a characteristic building Town. The building is an example of industrial ar- prehensive and modern multimedia planetaria in the on top of which a dome shimmers with silver chitecture and originates from the second half of the world. Since June 2011, it has been located on flashes. The Olsztyn Planetarium has been one of 19th century. It was previously used as a gas con- the Vistula River bank together with the Copernicus the major tourist attractions of the city for almost 40 tainer for the citizens of Torun. Actually, there were Science Centre. Thanks to the applied state-of-the- years. Maintaining a balance between entertainment three gas containers but two of them were pulled art multimedia technologies one may feel immersed and education, it offers popular shows whose main down in 1927. The remaining one was renovated in the observed, normally unavailable worlds. value is visual attractiveness as well as educational in the 80’s and since 1994 is a home to the Pla - Make yourself comfortable and let yourself be en- courses under the artificial sky presenting astronomi - netarium. The Planetarium’s dome is 15m wide. chanted with the amazing images of the starry sky. cal knowledge which is part of school curricula. On Today, the Planetarium is one of the most popular Watch breath-taking movies (also in 3D), visit diffe- the 539th anniversary of Nicolaus Copernicus’ tourist attractions in Torun. This success was pos- rent parts of the Earth and other planets, reach the bor- birthday, the Olsztyn Planetarium inaugurated a sible, mainly, thanks to fulfilling the expectations of ders of the Galaxy, and take part in special live shows. new digital projection system. Two video projectors the guests visiting Torun. When they visit the home- The Heavens of Copernicus planetarium invites you are equipped with optics sufficient to cover the town of Copernicus, they look for connections with to watch multimedia presentations of well-known whole dome of the projection hall with a 16-mil- the Universe and they find tchem in the Planeta- scientists and listen to live classical and jazz music lion-pixel picture. The picture which surrounds the rium. Since the Planetarium was opened, the num- concerts. Our repertoire accounts for all tastes, and viewer is controlled live with software which facili- ber of visitors has been systematically growing and we keep preparing new surprises for you. You can tates presenting the starry sky and celestial phe- amounts to over 150 000 each year. Other fac- also attend the night sky observations in the Dis- nomena as they happen at any moment and in any tors, such as good cooperation with the educational covery Park and visit the exhibition Look: there’s place on Earth or in space. We can also watch ob- system (it should be added here that about 70% the Earth! to find out more about our . jects in the close and distant Universe while wan- of the visitors are school groups) and the high qual- We are very proud of our production studio, which dering among planets, stars, and galaxies. The ity of the presentations contribute to the success. has produced two amazing full-dome pictures: ‘Dream projection system works also as a projector for films The Planetarium in Torun presents popular astro- To Fly’ (nine awards on international film festivals in- made in the full-dome technology which are shown nomical shows that embrace almost the entire scope cluding the Director’s Award in Jena) and ‘Hello by the planetarium. Entering the planetarium hall, it of the astronomical knowledge. There are also two Earth’ (two awards on international film festivals). is worth looking at an identical copy of Sputnik 1, interactive exhibitions the Geodium and the Or- The Copernicus Science Centre along with the pla- the first artificial satellite of Earth. Both the upstairs bitarium. The Planetarium has been organized and netarium are the Polish partners of ESERO, the ed- as well as downstairs hall house permanent exhibi- it is still managed by the Foundation of Friends of ucational project of ESA. In this project we share tions where visitors can see images of space ob- the Planetarium and the Museum of Nicolaus innovative classroom materials, organize meetings and jects, miniatures of astronomical instruments from Copernicus. workshops for teachers so they can include Space- the times of Copernicus’, and temporary exhibitions related topics in their daily teaching and improve 26 frequently arranged. knowledge of STEM disciplines among students. Fields of Education advanced materials and nanotechnology aerospace or space engineering applied automation astronomy automatic control and robotics aviation and cosmonautics electronics and telecommunication industrial computer science materials engineering mechanical engineering mechatronics navigation oceanography and ocean engineering systems engineering technical physics tele and applied informatics Bialystok University of Technology X X X University of Bielsko-Biala X X Higher School of Environmental Protection in Bydgoszcz X Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz X X University of Economy in Bydgoszcz X University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz X X X X X State School of Higher Education in Chelm X State Higher School of Vocational Education in Ciechanow X Czestochowa University of Technology XXXX X Polish Air Force Academy in Deblin X State School of Higher Professional Education in Elblag X Gdansk University of Technology X X X X X X X X X X Medical University of Gdansk X University of Gdansk X Gdynia Maritime University X X X X Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia X X X X X Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice X X X X X X X X X State Higher Vocational School in Glogow X State Higher Vocational School in Gniezno X State Higher Vocational School in Gorzow Wielkopolski X Higher School of Grudziadz X Bronislaw Markiewicz State Higher School of Technology and Economics in Jaroslaw X Karkonosze State Higher School in Jelenia Gora X President Stanislaw Wojciechowski Higher Vocational State School in Kalisz X Engineering College of Mechatronics in Katowice X University of Silesia in Katowice XX X27 Fields of Education advanced materials and nanotechnology aerospace or space engineering applied automation astronomy automatic control and robotics aviation and cosmonautics electronics and telecommunication industrial computer science materials engineering mechanical engineering mechatronics navigation oceanography and ocean engineering systems engineering technical physics tele and applied informatics Boleslaw Markowski Higher School of Commerce in Kielce X Jan Kochanowski University of Humanities and Sciences in Kielce X Kielce University of Technology X X X University of Computer Engineering and Telecommunications in Kielce X State School of Higher Professional Education in Konin X Koszalin University of Technology X X X X AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow X X X X X X X Jagiellonian University in Krakow X X X Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology X X X X X State Higher Vocational School in Krosno X Jan Amos Komienski State School of Higher Vocational Education in Leszno X Higher School of Economics and Innovation in Lublin X Lublin University of Technology XXX X State College of Computer Science and Business Administration in Lomza X Lodz University of Technology X X X X X X X X State Higher Vocational School in Nowy Sacz X Higher School of Computer Science and Management in Olsztyn X University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn X X X Opole University of Technology X X X X Higher School of Technology in Ostrow Wielkopolski X Stanislaw Staszic State School of Higher Vocational Education in Pila X Stefan Batory Higher School of Business in Piotrkow Trybunalski X Lower Silesian College of Entrepreneurship and Technology in Polkowice X Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan X College of Communications and Management in Poznan X 28 College of Education and Therapy in Poznan X Fields of Education advanced materials and nanotechnology aerospace or space engineering applied automation astronomy automatic control and robotics aviation and cosmonautics electronics and telecommunication industrial computer science materials engineering mechanical engineering mechatronics navigation oceanography and ocean engineering systems engineering technical physics tele and applied informatics Poznan University of Technology X X X X X X East State Higher School in Przemysl X State Higher Vocational School in Raciborz X Higher School of Business in Radom X Kasimir Pulaski Technical University of Radom X X Rzeszow University of Technology X X X X X X University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow X University of Rzeszow XX Jan Grodek Higher Vocational State School in Sanok X Maritime University in Szczecin XXX University of Szczecin X West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin X X X X X X X X Higher Vocational School in Tarnow X X Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun X X X X Alfred Meissner Graduated School of Dental Engineering and the Humanities in Ustron X Consortium of Collegium Varsoviense and Warsaw Higher School of Economics X Military University of Technology in Warsaw X X X X X X University of Warsaw X Warsaw University of Technology X X X X X X X X University of Lower Silesia in Wroclaw X University of Wroclaw X X Wroclaw University of Technology X X X X X X X X State Higher School of Vocational Education in Zamosc X University of Zielona Gora X X X X

29 Also Registered on EMITS

Academic Computer Centre CYFRONET AGH in Krakow www.cyfronet.pl

Building Research Institute in Warsaw www.itb.pl

Center of Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw www.cft.edu.pl

Central Mining Institute in Katowice www.gig.eu/en

Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Zabrze www.cmpw-pan.edu.pl

CHEMIN Dorota Piłakowska-Pietras In Wroclaw www.chemin.pl

Electrotechnical Institute in Warsaw www.iel.pl

European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Lodz www.erce-unesco.lodz.pl

Gdynia Maritime University www.am.gdynia.pl

Industrial Institute of Agricultural Engineering in Poznan www.pimr.poznan.pl

Institute for Renewable Energy in Warsaw www.ieo.pl

Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials in Warsaw www.icimb.pl

Institut of Electronic Technology in Warsaw www.ite.waw.pl

Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw www.igip.twarda.pan.pl

Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Krakow 30 www.imim.pl Also Registered on EMITS

Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals in Gliwice www.imn,gliwice.pl, www.imn.skawina.pl

Institute of Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw www.ifpan.edu.pl

Institute of Security Technologies MORATEX in Łódź www.moratex.eu

Institute of Spatial Management and Housing in Warsaw www.igpim.pl

Maksymilian Pluta Institute of Applied Optics in Warsaw www.inos.pl

National Marine Fisheries Research in Gdynia www.nmfri.gdynia.pl

Police Academy in Szczytno www.wspol.edu.pl

Poznan University of Economics and Business www.ue.poznan.pl

Poznan Uniwersity of Life Sciences www.up.poznan.pl

Tele & Radio Research Institute in Warsaw www.itr.org.pl

Warsaw University of Life Sciences www.sggw.pl

West Pomeranian University of Technology www.zut.edu.pl

Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+ www.eitplus.pl

31 Photo’s copyright:

Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun – p.2, 20,21,22, Institute of Geodesy and Cartography in Warsaw – p.3,5 Institute of Agrophysics of PAS in Lublin– p.4 University of Gdansk – p.6 University of Agriculture in Krakow – p.7 AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow- p.8 Institute of Aviation in Warsaw – p.9 Institute of Fundamental Technological Research of PAS in Warsaw – p.10 Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion in Warsaw – p.11, 17, Poznan University of Technology – p.12 Space Research Centre of PAS – p.13,18,26,31 Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia – p.14 University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn– p.15 Institute of Nuclear Physics of PAS in Krakow – p.16 Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Centre of PAS in Warsaw– p.19, 25, 30 Polish Rockets Association – p.23 32 University of Warsaw – p.24 space in science-cover En:Layout 1 2017-11-13 09:23 Strona 3 space in science-cover En:Layout 1 2017-11-13 09:23 Strona 4

Wspolna 1/3 str. 00-529 Warsaw, Poland www.nauka.gov.pl