Classical images – Greek (birth of Pegasus from Medusa’s blood) Perseus

Perseus and the birth of Perseus Running Gorgon, headless Medusa and small Perseus/ 2 Perseuses and Atehna with shield Attic bilingual white ground lekythos Black-figure pouring bowl with 3 handles th attr. Diosphos Painter, c. 500-450 BC Boiotia (Thebes), late 5 C BC New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art Boston MFA (Ac 01.8070) (1070)

1 Classical images – Greek (birth of Pegasus and Chrysaor from Medusa’s blood) Perseus

The birth of Perseus and Chrysaor The birth of Perseus and Chrysaor Etruscan Athenian black-figure pyxis, 6ht C BC Munich Paris, Musée du Louvre (Ca 2588)

The birth of Perseus and Chrysaor Sarcophagus from Golgoi (Cyprus) 2 Classical images – Greek (with Cetus) Perseus

Corinthian black-figure amphora from Cerveteri, c. 575-550 BC Berlin, Antikensammlungen (inv F 1652)

Athens, S Niarchos Collection Herakles and the Trojan Ketos Caeretan black-figure hydria; c. 530-520BC credit: www.theoi.com 3 Classical images – Greek (killing Medusa) Perseus

Perseus receiving gifts of winged Perseus with hat, winged boots and kibisi over shoulder, straight sword, sandals, hat and kibisi looking away from Medusa (centaur) Eleusis, Museum Relief amphora, c. 660 BC Poaris, Musée du Louvre

Perseus with Medusa’s head under his arm, with hat and winged boots Metope from Thermios, c. 630 BC 4 Athens, National Archeological Museum (13401) Classical images – Greek (killing Medusa) Perseus

Perseus and the Graiai, winged Persues holding head of Medusa above Tunny fish boots, kibisis over shoulder, Stater of Mysia, Kyzikos, c. 400-330 BC stealing away with the head Boston, Museum of Fine Arts (04.1339) Attic, red-figure krater fragment Delos Museum (B7263)

5 Classical images – Greek (killing Medusa) Perseus

Perseus and Polydektes with Athena at left Perseus decapitating Medusa with Athens to right Perseus averting gaze as he kills Medusa Attic red-figure bell-krater, c. 430 BC Red-figure Etruscan bronze mirror, c 4th C BC Bologna. Museo civico, no. 325 London, The British Museum (E 181) Boston Museum of Fine Arts (Ac 61.1257)

Perseus with Athena holding head of Medusa (note reflection on shield) and Hermes Apulian red-figure bell krater, c. 400-385 BC Boston, Museum of Fine Arts (Ac 1970.237) 6 Classical images - Greek (with Andromeda) Perseus

Boston, MFA, red-figure Pelike, Attic, c 450-440 BC, wkshp Niobid pntr, ac 62 2662

Attic calyx crater 5th C BC Agrigento, Sicily

7 Classical images- Greek (multi-scene) (for additional images, see Phillips, Am J of Arch, 1968) Perseus

Formerly Malibu, Getty Museum from Flickr – MHarrsch/439808028 Apulianred-figure volute krater, c 430-20 BC cf. www.Theoi.com

8 Classical images – Greek (multi-scene) Perseus

Attic red-figure calyx krater from Capua, c. 400 BC Berlin, Antikensammlungen (inv VI 3237)

9 Classical images – Greek (multi-scene) (for additional images, see Phillips, Am J of Arch, 1968) Perseus

Berlin Antikensammlungen, Campanian red-figure Hydria, inv. 3238, 375-25 BC

© SMB, Antikensammlungen: Johannes 10 Laurentius Classical images – Greek (multi-scene) (for additional images, see Phillips, Am J of Arch, 1968) Perseus

Perseus battling Ketos Apulian red-figure barrel-bodied amphora, attr. Metope Group, c. 325 BC Malibu, J Paul Getty Museum inv. 84 AE 996

11 Classical images – Greek Perseus

Head of Perseus with winged hat Silver roundel with gold leaf (7.2 cm) from a bridle ornament Greek, 3rd C BC Boston, Museum of Fine Arts (Ac. 60.1154)

12 Classical images – Etruscan Perseus

Perseus killing Medusa with Apollo Perseus being armed 3 feet of an Etruscan cista Etruscan mirror 7th-2nd C BC 6th-3rd C BC location unknown (cf Warburg Iconographic location unknown (cf Warburg Iconographic database) database)

13 Classical images – Roman Perseus

Perseus holding head of Medusa Oval glass gem (and cast) Roman, 1st C AD Boston, Museum of Fine Art (Ac. 02.278)

14 Classical images – Roman (with Andromeda) Perseus

Pompeii, House of Amandius. in Naples, Mus Naz the triclinium, 3rd style from Pompeii, inv. No 9477 www.agefotostock.com = (c) dea/a dagli orti

15 Classical images - Roman (for additional images, see Phillips, Am J of Arch, 1968) Perseus

Perseus and Andromeda from Boscotrecase, Villa Agrippa Posthumous, last decade 1st C BC NY, Met Mus 16 Classical images - Roman (for additional images, see Phillips, Am J of Arch, 1968) Perseus

Perseus and Andromeda from Pompeii Naples, Museo nazionale

17 Classical images- Roman (for additional images, see Phillips, Am J of Arch, 1968) Perseus

Naples, Mus. Arch Deultum. Coin for Macrinius (217-18) with Perseus and Andromeda on reverse; see discussion on from Pompeii, House of the Dioscuri, http://teegeeoperanobilia.blogspot.co.uk/2010_07_01_archive.html 1st C AD

Naples, Mus naz, from Herculaneum, 18 inv. 8993 Classical images - Roman Perseus

Gaziantep (Turkey), Gaziantep Museum Antakya (Antioch, Turkey) Antakya Museum Tunis, Bardo Museum credit: www. theoi.com credit: www.theoi.com credit: www.theoi.com

Tarragona (Spain), Archaeological Mosaic – 2nd - 3rd CC Location? 2nd-3rd C AD Museum credit: http://archaicwonder.tumblr.com/ credit: Flickr:samiblog 19 from Tarraco, 2nd-3rd C AD post/125374272667 Classical images – Roman (with Perseus and Andromeda) Perseus

Floor mosaic in peristyle coin of Gordion III from Deultum Roman bronze, 4th C BC Coimbra (Coninbriga), House of Fountains credit: www.forumancientcoins.com Credit: flickr (Ana Pavlovic) n.b. – Cetus curled at feet of Andromeda

20 Classical images – Roman (with Medusa) Perseus

Perseus with Medusa’s head Perseus killing Medusa with Mercury and Ostia antica Minerva © E. Dekker Silver plate, late 2nd C AD Museu nacional de Arcqueologia n.b. – reflection in shield 21 Classical images – Roman (Medusa) Perseus

Medusa Rondanini Architectural relief Roman copy of 5th C Greek model Campania, 1st C AD Munich, Glyptothek (252) Paris, Musée du Louvre

Male Medusa Romano-British, from Chester 22 Chester, Grosvenor Classical globes Perseus

Naples, Farnese Atlas Bentley’s Manilius © Petr Hadrava n.b. – back to viewer, nude with cape, bent knees, straight sword raised in right hand, Medusa’s head lowered in left, wings on sandals

Paris, Kugel Globe Mainz globe (drawing © Kunzl) n.b. – standing, faces viewer, nude, n.b. – faces away, nude, helmet, curved stick in lowered right hand, Medusa in lowered left winged helmet, harpe in raised left hand, 23 Medusa in lowered right Germanicus mss Perseus

I. = z stemma

Leiden, Univbibl Boulogne-sur-Mer, Bibl. Mun. Bern, Burgerbibl, Voss lat 4° 79 Ms 188 Ms 88 n.b. – faces away from viewer, to left, same same, but sword now crook nude with mantle, hat, wings on feet, straight sword in raised left hand, Medusa in lowered right hand

vs. planisphere – similar, but not flying vs. planisphere – same 24 Germanicus mss Perseus II and III. = O stemma (O1 or ν ) II. III.

missing from manuscript

Basle, OBU Aberystwyth, NLW vs. planisphere Ms AN.IV . 18 Ms 735 C n.b. – orientation? Medusa and harpe n.b. – faces away from viewer to left, nude with hat and cape, Medusa in left hand, harpe raised in right, wings on feet

vs. planisphere n.b. – orientation? one hand up, one down vs. schema vs. summer hemisphere leaping to left no wings, legs extended, wavy cut-off 25 Germanicus mss Perseus

IV. = O stemma (O2 or μ ) Va. = O stemma (O2 or μ = Siciliensis)

Cologny, Bib Bodmer NY, Pierpont Morgan Libr Cod lat 7 Ms M 389 n.b. – walks to left, rear to viewer, same nude with robe, straight spear and Medusa’s head Vb.

Madrid, Bib nac Ms 19 (16) Vatican, BAV Barb lat 76 n.b. – faces away to left, nude with hat and mantle, winged 26 feet, harpe raised in right hand, Medusa lowered in left same Germanicus mss = ‘Siciliensis’ Perseus

VI.

London BL Egerton 1050 similar, but nude VII.

London BL Naples, Bib naz Add 15819 XIV D 37 27 n.b. – same with hooded cloak same Germanicus mss ( = ‘Siciliensis’) Perseus

VIIIa.

Madrid Bib Nac Vatican, BAV Vienna, Schottenstift Ms 8282 Barb lat 77 Ms 51 n.b. – stands facing away from viewer, same as norm same, but bearded spear in right hand, Medusa in left

28 Germanicus mss ( = ‘Siciliensis’) Perseus

VIIIb. VIIIc. IX.

Vatican,BAV Florence, Bibl Laurenziana Montpellier Urb lat 1358 Plut 89 sup 43 Ms H 452 same n.b. – faces viewer, nude with cloak n.b. – youth with arms out and ring on right and with shiled on back, winged shoulder ankles, scimitar raised in right, Medusa in left

29 Ps-Eratosthenes Perseus

Planisphere summer hemisphere rear view, nude, Medusa in left, From rear, dressed with tall hat, Medusa in harpe lowered in right hand lowered left hand, sword in raised left hand

Vatican BAV, Vat grec 1087 n.b. – faces viewer, nude with cape and Phrygian cap, Medusa head in lowered left hand, straight sword in raised right hand 30 Cicero Perseus

London, BL London, BL London, BL Harley 647 Harley 647 – planisphere Harley 2506 n.b. – faces viewer, nude with cape, winged head n.b. – from rear, nude, harpe n.b. – from rear, nude with wings on head and and ankles, raises elongated harpe in right hand, in left and Medusa in lowered ankles, harpe in extended left hand and Medusa holds Medusa head in lowered left hand right hand head in extended right hand

31 Cicero Perseus

London, BL London, BL Gottweig, Cotton ms Tib B.V., pars 1 Cotton Ms Tib C. 1 Stiftsbibl Ms 7 n.b. – facing viewer, clothed, with wings on similar, but possibly not dressed and similar, but attributes reversed head and ankles, raises long harpe with Medusa’s head possibly male right hand and holds Medusa at waist height with left

38 Revised Aratus Latinus Perseus

I.

Dresden, Landesbibl. Paris BN Prague, Univbibl Ms D C 183 – Lat 12957 Ms IX. C. 6 (1717) n.b. – faces away/ orientation of shoulders n.b. – similar, but with cap, cloak and n.b. – similar, but with ap, cloak unclear, nude with cap, Medusa in extended wings on feet and orientation of legs diferent leading hand, straight sword in extended following hand

image missing both missing from ms from map

Dresden Paris – summer hemisphere globe – faces away Prague – summer hemisphere / globe summer hemisphere globe n.b. – in loincloth, orientation unclear, Medusa 33 leading, vertical sword following Revised Aratus Latinus Perseus

Ia.

St Gallen, Stiftsbibl St Gallen, Stiftsbibl Ms 902 Ms 250 n.b. – faces viewer, with cloak, cap and shoes, Medusa same in extended right hand, straight sword in extended left

summer hemisphere globe summer hemisphere n.b. – kneeling to left, clothed, Medusa in same 34 left hand, vertical sword in right Revised Aratus Latinus Perseus

Ib.

missing in manuscript

globe Gottweig, Stiftsbibl. hemisphere Ms 7 (146) n.b. – faces away, cap, cloak, with wings on feet, Medusa bleeding on to rocks in left hand, harpe in right

missing in manuscript missing in manuscript

Siena, Bib com summer hemisphere globe Ms L. IV. 25 n. b. -- same 35 Revised Aratus Latinus Perseus

I. (distant relative)

image missing from manuscript

Paris BN Munich, Staatsbibl. Vatican, BAV n.a. 1614 Clm 560 Reg lat 1324 n.b. – faces viewer, clothed, vertical n.b. –nude, kneeling to left, Medusa as sword in right, Medusa in left hand bearded man in extended right hand, harpe in left

image missing image missing image missing image missing from manuscript from manuscript from manuscript from map

summer hemisphere globe summer hemisphere globe summer hemisphere globe n.b. – walks to left, nude 36 Revised Aratus Latinus Perseus

II.

missing from manuscript

Cologne, Dombibliothek Ms 83.11

37 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Perseus

I.

Oxford, Bodleian Library Venice, Bib Marciana Padua, Bibl Antoniona Paris BN Laud misc 644 Ms VIII, 22 Ms Anton 27 lat. 14754 n.b. – faces away from viewer to the n.b. – similar n.b. – similar n.b. – similar, most like Oxford left, nude with cloak and wings on feet, Medusa in extended leading arm, harpe in following arm

38 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Perseus

Ia.

Dijon Bib mun, Ms 488 n.b. – similar, but no wings on feet

39 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Perseus

IIa.

Paris, BN Paris, BN Lat 5543 Lat 5239 n.b. – similar, but with Phrygian cap n.b. – similar, but orientation of upper part unclear, conical hat

40 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Perseus

IIb.

Klosterneuburg, Vatican, BAV Zwettl, Stiftskirche Stiftskirche, Ms 685 Vat lat 643 Ms 296 n.b. – faces viewer, nude with cap, cape n.b. – similar, but faces away from n.b. – similar and closer to Klosterneuberg and wings on feet, Medusa in extended viewer, running to left right hand, branch in raised left hand

41 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Perseus

III.

image missing from manuscript

Rouen, Laon Bibl mun, 26 Bib mun, Ms 422 n.b. – faces viewer, lunges to right, nude with cloak, Medusa in extended left hand, sword raised above head in right hand

42 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Perseus

Singletons

image missing from manuscript

Amiens Freiburg-im-Bresgau Durham, Cathedral Libr Bibl mun, Ms 222 Ms 35 Hunter 100 n.b. – faces viewer to right, Medusa in n.b. – faces viewer to left, nude extended left hand, spear in left hand with cap and cape, Medusa in right hand, dagger in left

43 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Perseus

Singletons

Montecassino, Badia, Ms 3 n.b. – faces viewer, walking to left, nude with cape and conical cap, Medusa in extended right hand, club in left hand

44 De ordine ac positione Perseus

Ia.

Berlin, Staatsbibl Monza, Bib capit Ms F. 9/176 Ms lat 130 (Phill 1832) (246) n.b. – faces viewer, running to right, nude with n.b. – similar, but holds medusa in left hand and Phrygian cap and wings on feet, no Medusa, a long stick in right knife in riight hand

missing from manuscript

Berlin planisphere summer hemisphere n.b. – facaes away, long curved stick, no Medusa Ms F. 9/176 (246) 45 De ordine ac positione Perseus

Ia. Ib.

Madrid, Bib Nac Vatican BAV, Ms 3307 Vat lat 645 n.b. – similar, with Medusa and knife n.b. – same

46 De ordine ac positione Perseus

II.

Munich, Staatsbibl. Ms clm 210 Vienna, ONB n.b. – faces viewer to right, clothed (?), Medusa on Vindob 387 extended left hand, branch in right hand same, but definitely nude

planisphere 47 n.b. – similar, but nude De ordine ac positione Perseus

III.

Austin TX, Harry Ransom, Paris BN St Petersburg, Nat Libr Univ of Texas, Ms 29 lat n.a. 1614 Ms Q v IX, no 2 n.b. – faces away to right, nude with n. b. – similar, but wearing helmet and both n.b. – closer to Texas, but orientation of legs cape, Medusa in lowered left hand, Medusa and sword held in front of body is different harpe raised in right

48 De ordine ac positione Perseus

IV.

Paris BN Vatican BAV, lat 12117 Reg lat 309 n.b.– faces away, but upper torso twists toward n.b. – similar, but not twisted viewer, running to right, nude with cape, sword raised in left hand, Medusa held low in right hand

49 De ordine ac positione Perseus V.

Los Angeles, Getty Mus Paris BN, Ludwig XII, 5 lat 8663 n.b. – faces viwer to right, nude with cap, Medusa n.b. – faces viewer to left, nude with loincloth and held in left hand in front, club raised in left wings on feet, Medusa held low in right hand, curved sword raised in left Singletons

missing from manuscript

Vienna, ONB Reykjavik Vindob 12600 Ms 1812 n.b. – faces away from viewer, 50 Medusa in left, sickle in right hand Hyginus Perseus Ia.

S Paul im Lavantthal Florence, Bibl Laurenziana Leiden, Univ-blbl Ms 16/1 (XXV. 4. 20) Ms Plut 29.30 Voss 8°18 n.b. – faces viewer to left, nude with n.b. – same, but weapon is a club n.b. – faces away to left, in armour, loincloth, Medusa in right hand, raised Medusa in left and curved sword raised sword in left in right hand

51 Hyginus Perseus

Ib.

Wolfenbüttel, Herz Aug London BL Ms 18. 16. Aug 4° Arundel 339 n.b. –faces viewer (?) to left, clothed, Medusa n.b. -- similar, but reversed upside down in leading hand and sickle in following hand

52 Hyginus Perseus

Ic. (singleton) II. (singleton)

Vienna ONB Leiden Univ-bibl Vindob 51 Voss lat 4° 92 n.b. – similar, but with wings on feet, weapon n.b. – faces viewer, clothed, unclear Medusa held in front in left hand, short schyth raised above head in left hand

54 Hyginus Perseus

III.

Leiden Univ-bibl Vatican BAV planisphere Voss lat 8° 15 Reg lat 123 n.b.. – faces viewer, n.b. – back to viewer to left, nude with cap and n.b.. – see Perseus with ‘bowl’ in Ps-Bede – walks to right, holding cape and winged feet, Medusa in extended left Kloseterneuberg and Zwettl Medusa arm, harpe in raised right hand (see ps. Bede Paris lat 5543 and 5239)

54 Hyginus Perseus IV.

Oxford, Bodleian Libr Oxford, Bodleian Libr Bodley 614 Digby 83 (SC 1684) n.b. – faces viewer, dressed with wings on head and on n.b. – same ankles, harpe in raised right hand, Medusa in lowered left hand, note snakes in M’s hair 55 Hyginus Perseus

V. (singleton)

Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery Ms 734 n.b. – faces viewer to right, cap on head and wings on ankles, Medusa in left hand, object (?) in right hand

56 Hyginus Perseus VI. (singleton)

Berlin, Staatsbibl. Ms 8° 44 (Rose 962) n.b. – faces viewer to right, clothed, Medusa (labelled: Gorgon) in left and sword in right VI- related: German Star Books (‘secundum Hyginum’)

?

Lyon, Bib mun, Pal des Lyon, Bib mun Munich, Staatsbibl Arts 45 Ms 172 Germ 595 57 curved sword and male head straight sword, crown, shield with sun Hyginus Perseus

VI- related: German Star Books (‘secundum Hyginum’)

Munich, Staatsbibl Vatican BAV Vatican BAV Wolfenbüttel Herz Aug Clm 59 Pal.lat. 1369 Pal.lat. 1389 Guelf 81 24 Aug 2 n.b. – same, but shield more like Munich 595 similar n.b. – 2 times: 1) Medusa as shield, like a head Perseus with shield

58 Hyginus Perseus

VII. (singleton) VIII. (singleton)

London BL, Munich, Staatsbibl. Roy Ms 13. A. XI Clm 10270 n.b. – facing the viewer, clothed with wings on head n.b. – facing away from viewer (?) to left, and ankles, straight sword raised in left hand and full clothed with cap and wings on ankles, curved male figure held by hair in right hand blade in raised following hand and ‘sun-face’ 59 in leading hand Hyginus Perseus IXa.

Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Mus Florence, BN Ms 260 Magl XI. 141 n.b. – back to viewer, sagging tights, straight n.b. – walk to left, facing away from viewer, straight sword sword in right hand, female head in left held behind back with right hand, female head in left

Milan, Bibl. Ambrosiana Oxford, Bodleian Libr T. 47 sup Can. class lat 179 related to Florence BN Magl XI 141 same 60 Hyginus Perseus IXa (cont’d.)

Siena, Bib com Vatican, BAV Vatican, BAV Verona, Bibl capitolare Ms L. VI. 25 Vat lat 3109 Vat lat 3109 Ms CCLXI similar to Milan T 47 sup (note n.b. – facing left, no n.b. – similar, but with armour similar to Siena (note foot) right foot) armour, straight sword in and curved sword right hand, female head in left

61 Hyginus Perseus

IXb. IXc.

missing from manuscript

Oxford, Bodleian Library Milan, Bibl Trivulziana Vatican, BAV Florence, BNC Can misc 46 N. 690 (E 83) Vat lat 3110 Magl XI. 114,1 n.b. – walks to left, in armour, same, but wings added to heels n.b. – youth walks to left, curved sword raised in right hand, straight sword raised in right female head in left hand, female head in left hand

62 Hyginus Perseus

IXd. (distant singleton) IXe.

Florence, Bibl Laurenziana Pavia, Bibl Univ Vatican., BAV Ashburnam1148 Aldini 490 Urb lat 1358 n.b. – facing left, nude?, curved sword raised in n.b. – youth facing viewer and lunges to left, same right hand, female head in left straight sword raised in left hand, female head in right

63 Hyginus Perseus

IXf. IXg.

New York, Public Library Freiberg, Andreas-Möller-Bibl. Florence, Bib Laurenziana Spencer Ms 28 Cl XI 4o 9 Plut 89, sup 43 n.b. – armoured youth walks to left, same n.b. – nude, faces viewer, curved sword back to viewer, curved sword on raised held vertically in right hand, female head right hand, Medusa with wings and in left snakes in extended left hand, wings on feet

64 Hyginus Perseus

X. (singleton) XI. (singleton)

missing from manuscript

Vatican, BAV Cortona, Lib del Comune Chigi H. IV. 20 Ms 184 (256) n.b. –faces viewer, walking left, sickle raised in right hand, female head extended behind in left hand

65 Hyginus - singletons Perseus

missing from manuscript missing from manuscript

Cambrai, Bibl Mun. Cambridge, Trinity College Leiden, Univ.-bibl. Ms 933 (832) Ms R 15 32 Gronovius 21 n.b. – nude youth facing away and walking to left, raises curved sword in right hand, holds female head extended in left hand

66 Hyginus Perseus

Venice: Ratdolt, 1482

cf Michael Scot = faces viewer, walks to Vienna ÖNB left, curved sword raised in right hand, Vindob 3111 female head behind in left hand, winged same feet and shield on back

67 Basinio da Parma Perseus

Ia. Ib.

Rimini, Cassa di Risparmio Cambridge, CUL (London Sotheby’s sale 1992) Dd IV 64 n.b. – in armour, facing away from viewer to n.b. – similar, with wilder hair left, curved sword in raised right hand, female head in left with snakes

68 Basinio da Parma Perseus

IIa.

Oxford, Bodleian Libr Parma, Bib Palatina, Venice, Bibl Marciana Bodley 646 Parm 1008 XII, 194 (4148) n.b. – faces away from viewer, same same in armour, raised curved sword, female head in left hand

69 Basinio da Parma Perseus

IIb.

Parma, Bibl Palatina Rome Bibl Casanatense Munich, BSB Parm 27 Ms 4059 Clm 15743 n.b. – faces away (note foot), curved same similar, but with hat and Medusa with sword raised in right hand, female head snake-hair in left

70 Basinio da Parma Perseus

III. IV.

Bologna, Bibl Com London, Wellcome Coll Ms 173 WMS 122 n.b. – facing away, in armour, curved similar to Bologna sword raised in right hand, male head in left hand V. VI.

Ravenna, Bib Classense Florence, Bibl Marucelliana Ms 120 Ms C. CCLI 71 n.b. – faces viewer, curved sword behind head cf. Hyginus edn/Michael Scot Basinio da Parma Perseus

? ?

Krakow, Padua, Bibl. Universitaria Rps BJ 3706 Cod 983

72