Maternit NIPT Sample Lab Reports Sample Lab Reports
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Monosomy X Turner Syndrome Information for Patients
Monosomy X Turner syndrome Information for patients The healthcare professional responsible for your care has given you this leaflet because you have been identified by the Harmony® Prenatal Test as having a high probability of a chromosome disorder in your pregnancy. This fact sheet contains more information about the particular genetic disorder mentioned in your Harmony report. We recommend that you also discuss your result with an experienced doctor or genetic counsellor. Turner syndrome, or Monosomy X, is a sex chromosome disorder that occurs in females when there is only one copy of the X chromosome instead of the expected two (Figure 1). It occurs in at least one in every 2,500 female births. Monosomy X may be associated with an increased risk of miscarriage in the first or second trimester. More than half of those withT urner syndrome will be mosaic, meaning some of their cells have just one X chromosome and the other cells have two X chromosomes. Features and symptoms of Turner syndrome include subtle changes in physical appearance, short stature, infertility and learning difficulties, as well as some potential health conditions, including cardiac conditions, hypothyroidism, diabetes and autoimmune disease. Babies who are born with Turner syndrome could have a number of the features and symptoms of the syndrome, however, not everyone will have them all and severity will vary significantly. Mosaicism also plays a role in the varied severity of the syndrome. Although there is no cure for Turner syndrome, many of the associated symptoms can be treated. Girls with Turner syndrome may need regular health checks of their heart, kidneys and reproductive system throughout their lives. -
Chromosome 18
Chromosome 18 Description Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two copies of chromosome 18, one copy inherited from each parent, form one of the pairs. Chromosome 18 spans about 78 million DNA building blocks (base pairs) and represents approximately 2.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 18 likely contains 200 to 300 genes that provide instructions for making proteins. These proteins perform a variety of different roles in the body. Health Conditions Related to Chromosomal Changes The following chromosomal conditions are associated with changes in the structure or number of copies of chromosome 18. Distal 18q deletion syndrome Distal 18q deletion syndrome occurs when a piece of the long (q) arm of chromosome 18 is missing. The term "distal" means that the missing piece (deletion) occurs near one end of the chromosome arm. The signs and symptoms of distal 18q deletion syndrome include delayed development and learning disabilities, short stature, weak muscle tone ( hypotonia), foot abnormalities, and a wide variety of other features. The deletion that causes distal 18q deletion syndrome can occur anywhere between a region called 18q21 and the end of the chromosome. The size of the deletion varies among affected individuals. The signs and symptoms of distal 18q deletion syndrome are thought to be related to the loss of multiple genes from this part of the long arm of chromosome 18. -
Whole Chromosome Gain Does Not in Itself Confer Cancer-Like Chromosomal Instability
Whole chromosome gain does not in itself confer cancer-like chromosomal instability Anders Valinda,1, Yuesheng Jina, Bo Baldetorpb, and David Gisselssona aDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, University and Regional Laboratories, Biomedical Center B13, Lund SE22184, Sweden; and bDepartment of Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund SE22185, Sweden Edited* by George Klein, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, and approved November 4, 2013 (received for review June 12, 2013) Constitutional aneuploidy is typically caused by a single-event and chromosomal instability in humans is using constitutional meiotic or early mitotic error. In contrast, somatic aneuploidy, aneuploidy syndromes as a model. Cells from patients with these found mainly in neoplastic tissue, is attributed to continuous syndromes provide a good experimental system for studying the chromosomal instability. More debated as a cause of aneuploidy effects of aneuploidy on overall genome stability on representative is aneuploidy itself; that is, whether aneuploidy per se causes human material. Such cells typically only have a single or a limited chromosomal instability, for example, in patients with inborn set of stem-line chromosome aberrations compared with tumor aneuploidy. We have addressed this issue by quantifying the level cell lines, which typically harbor a multitude of genetic lesions, as of somatic mosaicism, a proxy marker of chromosomal instability, well as a cancer phenotype. The few earlier studies performed on in patients with -
Maternit GENOME
Sequenom Laboratories Lab Report 3595 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121 Tel: 877.821.7266 GENOME CLIA #: 05D2015356 CAP #: 7527138 FINAL REPORT Ordering Provider: XXXX, XXXX Patient: XXXX, XXXX Provider Location: XXXXX DOB: XX/XX/XXXX Provider Phone: 555-555-5555 Patient ID: 12345-01234 Date Ordered: XX/XX/XXXX Specimen: 0123456789 Date Collected: XX/XX/XXXX Referral Clinician: XXXX, XXXX Date Received: XX/XX/XXXX Lab Director: XXXX, XXXX Order ID: 12345-01234 Date Reported: XX/XX/XXXX 00:00 PM PT Test Result Negative Fetal sex consistent with female Laboratory Director’s Comments Genome-wide analysis of this specimen did not detect gains or losses of chromosomal material suggestive of whole chromosome aneuploidies, subchromosomal duplications or deletions ≥7 Mb, or select microdeletions ranging in size below 7Mb. A negative result does not ensure an unaffected pregnancy. Please refer to the “Performance” and “Limitations of the Test” sections of this laboratory report for additional information. E Fetal Fraction: 12% L Result Table Content Result AUTOSOMAL ANEUPLOIDIES Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) P Negative Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) Negative Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) Negative Other autosomal aneuploidies Negative SEX CHROMOSOME ANEUPLOIDIES Fetal sex M Consistent with female Monosomy X (Turner syndrome) Negative XYY (Jacobs syndrome) Negative XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) Negative XXX (Triple X Asyndrome) Negative GENOME-WIDE COPY NUMBER VARIANTS ≥7 Mb Gains/Losses ≥7 Mb Negative SELECT MICRODELETIONS 22q11 deletion (associated with DiGeorgeS syndrome) Negative 15q11 deletion (associated with Prader-Willi / Angelman syndrome) Negative 11q23 deletion (associated with Jacobsen syndrome) Negative 8q24 deletion (associated with Langer-Giedion syndrome) Negative 5p15 deletion (associated with Cri-du-chat syndrome) Negative 4p16 deletion (associated with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome) Negative 1p36 deletion syndrome Negative Sequenom® and MaterniT™ are trademarks of Sequenom. -
Chromosome Analysis of Single Cells by High Resolution Comparative Genomic Hybridization After Whole Genome Amplifi Cation Using a Random Fragmentation Approach
Chromosome Analysis of Single Cells by High Resolution Comparative Genomic Hybridization after Whole Genome Amplifi cation Using a Random Fragmentation Approach. Brynn Levy 1, Odelia Nahum 2, Kurt Hirschhorn 2 (1) Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY (2) Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY Introduction Results The preparation of prometaphase/metaphase spreads is an essential part of WGA followed by CGH was performed on single cells obtained from chromosome analysis. Most samples received for cytogenetic study do not 36 random specimen cultures. The specimens analyzed included normal have a signifi cant number of actively dividing cells that can be arrested in the males, normal females, various trisomies (4, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16 and 21), an prometaphase/metaphase stage of the cell cycle and thus require cell culturing. unbalanced translocation and an iso-22 chromosome (Table 1). There were no Single fetal cells derived from a 2–3 day old embryo or from the maternal false negatives and the correct sex and diagnosis was made in 36/36 cases at circulation can therefore not be karyotyped in the traditional way. Fluorescence 99% confi dence, in 35/36 cases at 99.9% confi dence and in 33/36 cases at in situ hybridization (FISH) with chromosome specifi c probes can enumerate 99.99% confi dence (Table 1). Certain artifactual abnormalities were observed individual chromosomes in an interphase cell and it is now possible through a in addition to the true abnormality in some cases and the impact of these still process of combinatorial labeling to produce 24 differentially colored human needs to be determined in a larger test series. -
Sema4 Noninvasive Prenatal Select
Sema4 Noninvasive Prenatal Select Noninvasive prenatal testing with targeted genome counting 2 Autosomal trisomies 5 Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) 6 Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) 7 Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) 8 Trisomy 16 9 Trisomy 22 9 Trisomy 15 10 Sex chromosome aneuploidies 12 Monosomy X (Turner syndrome) 13 XXX (Trisomy X) 14 XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) 14 XYY 15 Microdeletions 17 22q11.2 deletion 18 1p36 deletion 20 4p16 deletion (Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome) 20 5p15 deletion (Cri-du-chat syndrome) 22 15q11.2-q13 deletion (Angelman syndrome) 22 15q11.2-q13 deletion (Prader-Willi syndrome) 24 11q23 deletion (Jacobsen Syndrome) 25 8q24 deletion (Langer-Giedion syndrome) 26 Turnaround time 27 Specimen and shipping requirements 27 2 Noninvasive prenatal testing with targeted genome counting Sema4’s Noninvasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT)- Targeted Genome Counting analyzes genetic information of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) through a simple maternal blood draw to determine the risk for common aneuploidies, sex chromosomal abnormalities, and microdeletions, in addition to fetal gender, as early as nine weeks gestation. The test uses paired-end next-generation sequencing technology to provide higher depth across targeted regions. It also uses a laboratory-specific statistical model to help reduce false positive and false negative rates. The test can be offered to all women with singleton, twins and triplet pregnancies, including egg donor. The conditions offered are shown in below tables. For multiple gestation pregnancies, screening of three conditions -
Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Association with Trisomy 22
iMedPub Journals ARCHIVES OF MEDICINE 2015 http://wwwimedpub.com Vol. 7 No. 5:9 De Novo Inversion (16) Acute Al-Ola Abdallah1, Meghana Bansal1, Myeloid Leukemia in Association Steven A Schichman2,3, with Trisomy 22, Deletion 7q Zhifu Xiang1,4 And FLT3 (ITD) Associated with 1 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Complete Remission Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA 2 Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Clinical practice points Rock, Arkansas, USA 3 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous neoplastic disorder Service, Central Arkansas Veterans characterized by the accumulation of immature myeloid blasts in the bone marrow. Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, More than 90% of the patients with inv (16)/t (16;16) AML harbor secondary USA chromosome aberrations and mutations affecting N-RAS, K-RAS, KIT, and FLT3. 4 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare 7q deletions represent a more frequent genetic alteration occurring in System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA approximately 10% of CBF-AML cases. Our case presents an elderly patient who has de novo AML with inv (16) in association with trisomy 22, del 7 and FLT3 (ITD) mutation; this is a rare Corresponding Author: Dr. Xiang cytogenetic combination. Several factors that indicate an unfavorable prognosis were present in our case; however, our case achieved complete response, possibly reflecting that trisomy 22 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Win- in association with inv (16) is a dominant favorable prognosis regardless of other throp P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Univer- sity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. -
Cell‐Free DNA Screening in Twin Pregnancies
Received: 22 January 2020 Revised: 11 July 2020 Accepted: 13 July 2020 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5797 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cell-free DNA screening in twin pregnancies: A more accurate and reliable screening tool Jason Chibuk1 | Jill Rafalko1 | Theresa Boomer2 | Ron McCullough2 | Graham McLennan2 | Philip Wyatt3 | Eyad Almasri2 1Sequenom Inc., A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Laboratory Corporation of America Abstract Holdings, San Diego, California Objective: Outcome data from cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening in twin gestations 2 Sequenom Laboratories, A Wholly Owned are limited. This study adds an appreciable number of confirmed outcomes to the lit- Subsidiary of Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, San Diego, California erature, and assesses performance of cfDNA screening in twins over a 4.5-year 3Department of Biochemical Genetics, period at one large clinical laboratory. Integrated Genetics, a member of the LabCorp Specialty Testing Group, Santa Fe, New Method: Prenatal cytogenetic and SNP microarray results were cross-referenced Mexico with cfDNA results for twin pregnancies, yielding 422 matched cases. Using diagnos- Correspondence tic results as truth, performance of cfDNA screening in this population was assessed. Jill Rafalko, Sequenom Inc., A Wholly Owned Results: Of the 422 twin pregnancies with both cfDNA and diagnostic results, 3 spec- Subsidiary of Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, 3400 Computer Drive, imens failed amniocyte analysis, and 48 samples (11.5%) were nonreportable from Westborough, MA, 01581. the initial cfDNA draw. Analysis of the 371 reportable samples demonstrated a col- Email: [email protected] lective sensitivity of 98.7% and specificity of 93.2% for trisomies 21/18/13. Positive predictive values (PPVs) in this study population, which is enriched for aneuploidy, were 78.7%, 84.6%, and 66.7% for trisomy 21, 18, and 13, respectively. -
In Re Sequenom, Inc. Stockholder Litigation 16-CV-02054-Consolidated Amended Class Action Complaint
Case 3:16-cv-02054-JAH-BLM Document 54 Filed 07/24/17 PageID.915 Page 1 of 59 1 ROBBINS GELLER RUDMAN & DOWD LLP 2 MICHAEL J. DOWD (135628) RANDALL J. BARON (150796) 3 DAVID T. WISSBROECKER (243867) DAVID A. KNOTTS (235338) 4 655 West Broadway, Suite 1900 San Diego, CA 92101 5 Telephone: 619/231-1058 619/231-7423 (fax) 6 [email protected] [email protected] 7 [email protected] [email protected] 8 Lead Counsel for Plaintiff 9 [Additional counsel appear on signature page.] 10 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 11 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 12 In re SEQUENOM, INC. ) Lead Case No. 16-cv-02054-JAH-BLM 13 STOCKHOLDER LITIGATION ) ) CLASS ACTION 14 ) ) 15 CONSOLIDATED AMENDED CLASS This Document Relates To: ) ACTION COMPLAINT ) 16 ) ALL ACTIONS. ) 17 ) JURY TRIAL DEMAND 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1272847_2 Case 3:16-cv-02054-JAH-BLM Document 54 Filed 07/24/17 PageID.916 Page 2 of 59 1 SUBSTANTIVE ALLEGATIONS 2 Lead Plaintiff James Reilly (“Plaintiff”), by the undersigned attorneys, 3 individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, respectfully brings this 4 direct class action complaint for violations of §§14(e) and 20(a) of the Securities 5 Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) against the herein named defendants and 6 allege the following: 7 SUMMARY OF THE ACTION 8 1. This is a stockholder class action brought on behalf of the former holders 9 of Sequenom, Inc. (“Sequenom” or the “Company”) common stock against Sequenom 10 and its Board of Directors (the “Board” or the “Individual Defendants”). -
Mixed Messages: the Intersection of Prenatal Genetic Testing and Abortion
\\jciprod01\productn\H\HOW\55-3\HOW309.txt unknown Seq: 1 25-JUL-12 12:51 Mixed Messages: The Intersection of Prenatal Genetic Testing and Abortion RACHEL REBOUCHE´ AND KAREN ROTHENBERG* INTRODUCTION ............................................. 983 R I. THE REGULATION OF PRENATAL GENETIC TESTING AND SCREENING ......................... 987 R A. Current Testing and Screening ...................... 987 R B. Federal Regulation and the ACA ................... 992 R C. Examples of State Regulation ...................... 996 R II. THE DECLINING AVAILABILITY OF ABORTION SERVICES ............................................. 998 R A. Funding ............................................. 999 R B. Conditioning Patient Choice ........................ 1001 R C. Regulations of Facilities and Providers ............. 1002 R D. Refusals or Conscience Clauses ..................... 1004 R III. IMPLICATIONS AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE MIXED MESSAGE .................................... 1005 R A. Testing and Abortion as Health Care ............... 1006 R B. The Integrity of the Medical Profession ............ 1009 R C. Scope and Purposes of Information for Patients .... 1013 R D. Pregnant Women and Decision-Making ............. 1019 R CONCLUSION ................................................ 1022 R INTRODUCTION In 2005, advocates and health professionals across the country filed amicus briefs in Gonzales v. Carhart, a case before the Supreme * Assistant Professor of Law, University of Florida Levin College of Law; Marjorie Cook Professor of Law, University of -
Classic and Molecular Cytogenetic Analyses Reveal Chromosomal Gains and Losses Correlated with Survival in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Vol. 11, 621–631, January 15, 2005 Clinical Cancer Research 621 Classic and Molecular Cytogenetic Analyses Reveal Chromosomal Gains and Losses Correlated with Survival in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Na´dia Aparecida Be´rgamo,1 that acquisition of monosomy 17 was a significant (P = Luciana Caricati da Silva Veiga,1 0.0012) factor for patients with a previous family history of Patricia Pintor dos Reis,4 Ineˆs Nobuko Nishimoto,3 cancer. Conclusions: The significant associations found in this Jose´ Magrin,3 Luiz Paulo Kowalski,3 4 2 study emphasize that alterations of distinct regions of the Jeremy A. Squire, and Sı´lvia Regina Rogatto genome may be genetic biomarkers for a poor prognosis. 1Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences and 2NeoGene Losses of chromosomes 17 and 22 can be associated with Laboratory, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Sa˜o Paulo a family history of cancer. State University; 3Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, AC Camargo Hospital, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil and 4Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Princess Margaret INTRODUCTION Hospital, Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Carcinomas of the head and neck represent the sixth most Ontario, Canada frequent cancer worldwide and f90% to 95% are squamous cell carcinomas. Tobacco and alcohol consumption are the ABSTRACT most important nongenetic risk factors associated with the Purpose: Genetic biomarkers of head and neck tumors development of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas could be useful for distinguishing among patients with (HNSCC; ref. 1). Estimated age-standardized rates per similar clinical and histopathologic characteristics but 100,000 for 1990 showed 12.8 men and 3.7 women of oral having differential probabilities of survival. -
Abstracts from the 50Th European Society of Human Genetics Conference: Electronic Posters
European Journal of Human Genetics (2019) 26:820–1023 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-018-0248-6 ABSTRACT Abstracts from the 50th European Society of Human Genetics Conference: Electronic Posters Copenhagen, Denmark, May 27–30, 2017 Published online: 1 October 2018 © European Society of Human Genetics 2018 The ESHG 2017 marks the 50th Anniversary of the first ESHG Conference which took place in Copenhagen in 1967. Additional information about the event may be found on the conference website: https://2017.eshg.org/ Sponsorship: Publication of this supplement is sponsored by the European Society of Human Genetics. All authors were asked to address any potential bias in their abstract and to declare any competing financial interests. These disclosures are listed at the end of each abstract. Contributions of up to EUR 10 000 (ten thousand euros, or equivalent value in kind) per year per company are considered "modest". Contributions above EUR 10 000 per year are considered "significant". 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: E-P01 Reproductive Genetics/Prenatal and fetal echocardiography. The molecular karyotyping Genetics revealed a gain in 8p11.22-p23.1 region with a size of 27.2 Mb containing 122 OMIM gene and a loss in 8p23.1- E-P01.02 p23.3 region with a size of 6.8 Mb containing 15 OMIM Prenatal diagnosis in a case of 8p inverted gene. The findings were correlated with 8p inverted dupli- duplication deletion syndrome cation deletion syndrome. Conclusion: Our study empha- sizes the importance of using additional molecular O¨. Kırbıyık, K. M. Erdog˘an, O¨.O¨zer Kaya, B. O¨zyılmaz, cytogenetic methods in clinical follow-up of complex Y.