The Following ASCII Table Contains Both ASCII Control Characters, ASCII Printable Characters and the Extended ASCII Character Set ISO 8859-1, Also Called ISO Latin1
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Hieroglyphs for the Information Age: Images As a Replacement for Characters for Languages Not Written in the Latin-1 Alphabet Akira Hasegawa
Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Theses Thesis/Dissertation Collections 5-1-1999 Hieroglyphs for the information age: Images as a replacement for characters for languages not written in the Latin-1 alphabet Akira Hasegawa Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses Recommended Citation Hasegawa, Akira, "Hieroglyphs for the information age: Images as a replacement for characters for languages not written in the Latin-1 alphabet" (1999). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Thesis/Dissertation Collections at RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hieroglyphs for the Information Age: Images as a Replacement for Characters for Languages not Written in the Latin- 1 Alphabet by Akira Hasegawa A thesis project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the School of Printing Management and Sciences in the College of Imaging Arts and Sciences of the Rochester Institute ofTechnology May, 1999 Thesis Advisor: Professor Frank Romano School of Printing Management and Sciences Rochester Institute ofTechnology Rochester, New York Certificate ofApproval Master's Thesis This is to certify that the Master's Thesis of Akira Hasegawa With a major in Graphic Arts Publishing has been approved by the Thesis Committee as satisfactory for the thesis requirement for the Master ofScience degree at the convocation of May 1999 Thesis Committee: Frank Romano Thesis Advisor Marie Freckleton Gr:lduate Program Coordinator C. -
ISO Basic Latin Alphabet
ISO basic Latin alphabet The ISO basic Latin alphabet is a Latin-script alphabet and consists of two sets of 26 letters, codified in[1] various national and international standards and used widely in international communication. The two sets contain the following 26 letters each:[1][2] ISO basic Latin alphabet Uppercase Latin A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z alphabet Lowercase Latin a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z alphabet Contents History Terminology Name for Unicode block that contains all letters Names for the two subsets Names for the letters Timeline for encoding standards Timeline for widely used computer codes supporting the alphabet Representation Usage Alphabets containing the same set of letters Column numbering See also References History By the 1960s it became apparent to thecomputer and telecommunications industries in the First World that a non-proprietary method of encoding characters was needed. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) encapsulated the Latin script in their (ISO/IEC 646) 7-bit character-encoding standard. To achieve widespread acceptance, this encapsulation was based on popular usage. The standard was based on the already published American Standard Code for Information Interchange, better known as ASCII, which included in the character set the 26 × 2 letters of the English alphabet. Later standards issued by the ISO, for example ISO/IEC 8859 (8-bit character encoding) and ISO/IEC 10646 (Unicode Latin), have continued to define the 26 × 2 letters of the English alphabet as the basic Latin script with extensions to handle other letters in other languages.[1] Terminology Name for Unicode block that contains all letters The Unicode block that contains the alphabet is called "C0 Controls and Basic Latin". -
Unicode and Code Page Support
Natural for Mainframes Unicode and Code Page Support Version 4.2.6 for Mainframes October 2009 This document applies to Natural Version 4.2.6 for Mainframes and to all subsequent releases. Specifications contained herein are subject to change and these changes will be reported in subsequent release notes or new editions. Copyright © Software AG 1979-2009. All rights reserved. The name Software AG, webMethods and all Software AG product names are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Software AG and/or Software AG USA, Inc. Other company and product names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners. Table of Contents 1 Unicode and Code Page Support .................................................................................... 1 2 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 3 About Code Pages and Unicode ................................................................................ 4 About Unicode and Code Page Support in Natural .................................................. 5 ICU on Mainframe Platforms ..................................................................................... 6 3 Unicode and Code Page Support in the Natural Programming Language .................... 7 Natural Data Format U for Unicode-Based Data ....................................................... 8 Statements .................................................................................................................. 9 Logical -
NYU School of Law Outline: Trademarks, Barton Beebe
NYU School of Law Outline: Trademarks, Barton Beebe Will Frank (Class of 2011) Fall Semester, 2009 Contents 1 Introduction to Trademark and Unfair Competition Law 3 1.1 Sources and Nature of Rights . 4 1.2 The Nature of Unfair Competition Law . 4 1.3 Purposes of Trademark Law . 4 1.4 The Lanham Act . 5 2 Distinctiveness 6 2.1 The Spectrum of Distinctiveness . 7 2.2 Descriptiveness and Secondary Meaning . 7 2.3 Generic Terms . 8 2.4 Distinctiveness of Nonverbal Identifiers (Logos, Packages, Prod- uct Design, Colors) . 9 2.4.1 Different Tests/Standards? . 9 2.4.2 Expanding the Types of Nonverbal Marks . 9 2.4.3 The Design/Packaging Distinction . 10 2.4.4 Trade Dress Protection After Wal-Mart . 10 2.5 The Edge of Protection: Subject Matter Exclusions? . 12 2.5.1 Exotic Source-Identifiers . 12 2.6 Review . 12 3 Functionality 13 3.1 The Concept . 14 3.2 The Scope of the Doctrine . 15 3.3 The Modern Approach . 15 3.4 Post-TrafFix Devices Applications . 17 4 Use 18 4.1 As a Jurisdictional Prerequisite . 18 4.2 As a Prerequisite for Acquiring Rights . 18 4.2.1 Actual Use . 18 4.2.2 Constructive Use . 19 1 4.3 \Surrogate" Uses . 20 4.3.1 By Affiliates . 20 4.4 The Public as Surrogate . 20 4.5 Loss of Rights . 21 4.5.1 Abandonment Through Non-Use . 21 4.5.2 Abandonment Through Failure to Control Use . 21 5 Registration 22 5.1 The Registration Process . 22 5.1.1 Overview . -
Verity Locale Configuration Guide V5.0 for Peoplesoft
Verity® Locale Configuration Guide V 5.0 for PeopleSoft® November 15, 2003 Original Part Number DM0619 Verity, Incorporated 894 Ross Drive Sunnyvale, California 94089 (408) 541-1500 Verity Benelux BV Coltbaan 31 3439 NG Nieuwegein The Netherlands Copyright 2003 Verity, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system, nor translated into any human or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner, Verity, Inc., 894 Ross Drive, Sunnyvale, California 94089. The copyrighted software that accompanies this manual is licensed to the End User for use only in strict accordance with the End User License Agreement, which the Licensee should read carefully before commencing use of the software. Verity®, Ultraseek®, TOPIC®, KeyView®, and Knowledge Organizer® are registered trademarks of Verity, Inc. in the United States and other countries. The Verity logo, Verity Portal One™, and Verity® Profiler™ are trademarks of Verity, Inc. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Sun Workstation, Sun Operating Environment, and Java are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Xerces XML Parser Copyright 1999-2000 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved. Microsoft is a registered trademark, and MS-DOS, Windows, Windows 95, Windows NT, and other Microsoft products referenced herein are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. The American Heritage® Concise Dictionary, Third Edition Copyright 1994 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Electronic version licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. -
Configuration Control Document
Configuration Control Document CR8200 Firmware Version 1.12.2 CR950 Firmware Version 2.1.2 CR1500 Firmware Version 1.4.1 CR1100 Firmware Version 1.2.0 CR5200 Firmware Version 1.0.4 CR2700 Firmware Version 1.0.6 A271 Firmware Version 1.0.3 D027153 CR8200 CR950 CR1500 CR1100 CR2700 CRA-A271 Configuration Control Document CCD.Docx Page 1 of 89 © 2013-2019 The Code Corporation 12393 South Gateway Park Place Suite 600, Draper, UT 84020 (801) 495-2200 FAX (801) 495-0280 Configuration Control Document Table of Contents Keyword Table .................................................................................................................. 4 Scope ................................................................................................................................ 6 Notations .......................................................................................................................... 6 Reader Command Overview ............................................................................................. 6 4.1 Configuration Command Architecture ........................................................................................ 6 4.2 Command Format ....................................................................................................................... 7 4.3 Supported Commands ................................................................................................................. 8 4.3.1 <CF> – Configuration Manager ...................................................................................................... -
SAS 9.3 UTF-8 Encoding Support and Related Issue Troubleshooting
SAS 9.3 UTF-8 Encoding Support and Related Issue Troubleshooting Jason (Jianduan) Liang SAS certified: Platform Administrator, Advanced Programmer for SAS 9 Agenda Introduction UTF-8 and other encodings SAS options for encoding and configuration Other Considerations for UTF-8 data Encoding issues troubleshooting techniques (tips) Introduction What is UTF-8? . A character encoding capable of encoding all possible characters Why UTF-8? . Dominant encoding of the www (86.5%) SAS system options for encoding . Encoding – instructs SAS how to read, process and store data . Locale - instructs SAS how to present or display currency, date and time, set timezone values UTF-8 and other Encodings ASSCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) . 7-bit . 128 - character set . Examples (code point-char-hex): 32-Space-20; 63-?-3F; 64-@-40; 65-A-41 UTF-8 and other Encodings ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) for Western European languages Windows-1252 (Latin-1) for Western European languages . 8-bit (1 byte, 256 character set) . Identical to asscii for the first 128 chars . Extended ascii chars examples: . 155-£-A3; 161- ©-A9 . SAS option encoding value: wlatin1 (latin1) UTF-8 and other Encodings UTF-8 and other Encodings Problems . Only covers English and Western Europe languages, ISO-8859-2, …15 . Multiple encoding is required to support national languages . Same character encoded differently, same code point represents different chars Unicode . Unicode – assign a unique code/number to every possible character of all languages . Examples of unicode points: o U+0020 – Space U+0041 – A o U+00A9 - © U+C3BF - ÿ UTF-8 and other Encodings UTF-8 . -
Agricultural Soil Carbon Credits: Making Sense of Protocols for Carbon Sequestration and Net Greenhouse Gas Removals
Agricultural Soil Carbon Credits: Making sense of protocols for carbon sequestration and net greenhouse gas removals NATURAL CLIMATE SOLUTIONS About this report This synthesis is for federal and state We contacted each carbon registry and policymakers looking to shape public marketplace to ensure that details investments in climate mitigation presented in this report and through agricultural soil carbon credits, accompanying appendix are accurate. protocol developers, project developers This report does not address carbon and aggregators, buyers of credits and accounting outside of published others interested in learning about the protocols meant to generate verified landscape of soil carbon and net carbon credits. greenhouse gas measurement, reporting While not a focus of the report, we and verification protocols. We use the remain concerned that any end-use of term MRV broadly to encompass the carbon credits as an offset, without range of quantification activities, robust local pollution regulations, will structural considerations and perpetuate the historic and ongoing requirements intended to ensure the negative impacts of carbon trading on integrity of quantified credits. disadvantaged communities and Black, This report is based on careful review Indigenous and other communities of and synthesis of publicly available soil color. Carbon markets have enormous organic carbon MRV protocols published potential to incentivize and reward by nonprofit carbon registries and by climate progress, but markets must be private carbon crediting marketplaces. paired with a strong regulatory backing. Acknowledgements This report was supported through a gift Conservation Cropping Protocol; Miguel to Environmental Defense Fund from the Taboada who provided feedback on the High Meadows Foundation for post- FAO GSOC protocol; Radhika Moolgavkar doctoral fellowships and through the at Nori; Robin Rather, Jim Blackburn, Bezos Earth Fund. -
Basis Technology Unicode対応ライブラリ スペックシート 文字コード その他の名称 Adobe-Standard-Encoding A
Basis Technology Unicode対応ライブラリ スペックシート 文字コード その他の名称 Adobe-Standard-Encoding Adobe-Symbol-Encoding csHPPSMath Adobe-Zapf-Dingbats-Encoding csZapfDingbats Arabic ISO-8859-6, csISOLatinArabic, iso-ir-127, ECMA-114, ASMO-708 ASCII US-ASCII, ANSI_X3.4-1968, iso-ir-6, ANSI_X3.4-1986, ISO646-US, us, IBM367, csASCI big-endian ISO-10646-UCS-2, BigEndian, 68k, PowerPC, Mac, Macintosh Big5 csBig5, cn-big5, x-x-big5 Big5Plus Big5+, csBig5Plus BMP ISO-10646-UCS-2, BMPstring CCSID-1027 csCCSID1027, IBM1027 CCSID-1047 csCCSID1047, IBM1047 CCSID-290 csCCSID290, CCSID290, IBM290 CCSID-300 csCCSID300, CCSID300, IBM300 CCSID-930 csCCSID930, CCSID930, IBM930 CCSID-935 csCCSID935, CCSID935, IBM935 CCSID-937 csCCSID937, CCSID937, IBM937 CCSID-939 csCCSID939, CCSID939, IBM939 CCSID-942 csCCSID942, CCSID942, IBM942 ChineseAutoDetect csChineseAutoDetect: Candidate encodings: GB2312, Big5, GB18030, UTF32:UTF8, UCS2, UTF32 EUC-H, csCNS11643EUC, EUC-TW, TW-EUC, H-EUC, CNS-11643-1992, EUC-H-1992, csCNS11643-1992-EUC, EUC-TW-1992, CNS-11643 TW-EUC-1992, H-EUC-1992 CNS-11643-1986 EUC-H-1986, csCNS11643_1986_EUC, EUC-TW-1986, TW-EUC-1986, H-EUC-1986 CP10000 csCP10000, windows-10000 CP10001 csCP10001, windows-10001 CP10002 csCP10002, windows-10002 CP10003 csCP10003, windows-10003 CP10004 csCP10004, windows-10004 CP10005 csCP10005, windows-10005 CP10006 csCP10006, windows-10006 CP10007 csCP10007, windows-10007 CP10008 csCP10008, windows-10008 CP10010 csCP10010, windows-10010 CP10017 csCP10017, windows-10017 CP10029 csCP10029, windows-10029 CP10079 csCP10079, windows-10079 -
JS Character Encodings
JS � Character Encodings Anna Henningsen · @addaleax · she/her 1 It’s good to be back! 2 ??? https://travis-ci.org/node-ffi-napi/get-symbol-from-current-process-h/jobs/641550176 3 So … what’s a character encoding? People are good with text, computers are good with numbers Text List of characters “Encoding” List of bytes List of integers 4 So … what’s a character encoding? People are good with text, computers are good with numbers Hello [‘H’,’e’,’l’,’l’,’o’] 68 65 6c 6c 6f [72, 101, 108, 108, 111] 5 So … what’s a character encoding? People are good with text, computers are good with numbers 你好! [‘你’,’好’] ??? ??? 6 ASCII 0 0x00 <NUL> … … … 65 0x41 A 66 0x42 B 67 0x43 C … … … 97 0x61 a 98 0x62 b … … … 127 0x7F <DEL> 7 ASCII ● 7-bit ● Covers most English-language use cases ● … and that’s pretty much it 8 ISO-8859-*, Windows code pages ● Idea: Usually, transmission has 8 bit per byte available, so create ASCII-extending charsets for more languages ISO-8859-1 (Western) ISO-8859-5 (Cyrillic) Windows-1251 (Cyrillic) (aka Latin-1) … … … … 0xD0 Ð а Р 0xD1 Ñ б С 0xD2 Ò в Т … … … … 9 GBK ● Idea: Also extend ASCII, but use 2-byte for Chinese characters … … 0x41 A 0x42 B … … 0xC4 0xE3 你 0xC4 0xE4 匿 … … 10 https://xkcd.com/927/ 11 Unicode: Multiple encodings! 4d c3 bc 6c 6c (UTF-8) U+004D M “Müll” U+00FC ü 4d 00 fc 00 6c 00 6c 00 (UTF-16LE) U+006C l U+006C l 00 4d 00 fc 00 6c 00 6c (UTF-16BE) 12 Unicode ● New idea: Don’t create a gazillion charsets, and drop 1-byte/2-byte restriction ● Shared character set for multiple encodings: U+XXXX with 4 hex digits, e.g. -
Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules
Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules Tomáš Hála Mendel University in Brno, CZ BachoTEX 2019 Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules Selected sources − ON 88 2503:1974 − Pop, Flégr and Pop: Sazba I [Typesetting I], 1989 (textbook) − ČSN 01 6910:2007 and older − ČSN 01 6910:2011 − STN 01 6910:2011 − Pravidla českého pravopisu [Rules of Czech Ortography], 1987, − Pravidla českého pravopisu [Rules of Czech Ortography], 1993 − Pravidlá slovenského pravopisu [Rules of Slovak Ortography], 1993, 2000 2 Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules Spaces intersentence spacing interword space non-breaking interword space thin space 3 Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules Spaces between sentences intersentence spacing % Czech, Slovak \frenchspacing % English (American) \nonfrenchspacing 4 Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules Spaces between sentences intersentence spacing % ConTeXt \installlanguage [\s!en] [\c!spacing=\v!broad, ... \installlanguage [\s!cs] [\c!spacing=\v!packed, ... 5 Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules Dashes: punctuation usage en-dash XOR em-dash en-dash v em-dash: designer’s opinion dashes v spaces: semanticising usage 6 Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules Dashes: punctuation usage dashes must not open the new line \def\ip{\pdash} % Czech, Slovak \def\pdash{~-- } 7 Czech and Slovak Typesetting Rules Dashes: interval usage Czech and Slovak ∘ 35–45 %, 5–8 C English ∘ ∘ 35%–45%, 5 C–15 C, 70–72 percent %Czech and Slovak \def\idash{\discretionary{\char32až}{}{--}} \def\az{\idash} %English \def\idash{\discretionary{\char32to}{}{--}} 8 Czech and Slovak Typesetting -
AGU Grammar and Style Guide
AGU Grammar and Style Guide 1. Hyphenation . 1 1.1. Attributive Adjectives . 1 1.2. Nouns . 5 1.3. Words Formed With Prefixes . 6 1.4. Words of Equal Weight . 7 2. Commas . 8 2.1. Examples of Correct Usage. 8 2.2. AGU Style . 9 2.3. Comma Usage at Beginning of Sentence . 9 2.4. Some Parts of Speech and Common Examples . 10 3. Additional Grammar/Punctuation Rules . 11 3.1. Adjective/Adverbial Phrases . 11 3.2. Comprise Versus Compose . 11 3.3. Singular Versus Plural With Certain Nouns. 11 3.4. Other Rules . 12 4. Spelling . 14 4.1. Alternate Spellings . 14 4.2. Commonly Used Proper Names . 14 4.3. Countries . 15 5. Capitalization . 16 5.1. Geographical Terms . 16 5.2. Text Capitalization . 17 5.3. Stratigraphic Divisions . 18 6. Numbers . 19 6.1. Cardinal Numbers/Arabic Numerals . 19 6.2. Ordinal Numbers . 19 6.3. Miscellaneous Style for Numbers . 19 7. Miscellaneous Style Rules . 20 8. Special Notations. 22 8.1. Astronomical Notation for Dates and Time. 22 8.2. Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds of Arc. 22 8.3. Units of Measure . 22 8.4. Dimensions. 25 8.5. Seismology. .. 25 8.6. Mineralogy. .. 26 8.7. Ranges. 26 8.8. Ships and Spacecraft. 26 8.9. Comets. .. 27 8.10. Temperature. .. 27 8.11. Times. .. 27 8.12. Storms. 27 8.13. Biology. 27 9. Word List . 28 GRAMMAR/STYLE GUIDE 2/03 ATTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVES 1 1. Hyphenation The main reason for hyphenation is increased clarity. 1.1. Attributive Adjectives Always hyphen. The following should always be hyphened as attributive adjectives: 1.