Clyde Stays on Her Falklands Beat
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Guns Blazing! Newsletter of the Naval Wargames Society No
All Guns Blazing! Newsletter of the Naval Wargames Society No. 290 – DECEMBER 2018 Extract from President Roosevelt’s, “Fireside Chat to the Nation”, 29 December 1940: “….we cannot escape danger by crawling into bed and pulling the covers over our heads……if Britain should go down, all of us in the Americas would be living at the point of a gun……We must produce arms and ships with every energy and resource we can command……We must be the great arsenal of democracy”. oOoOoOoOoOoOoOo The Poppies of four years ago at the Tower of London have been replaced by a display of lights. Just one of many commemorations around the World to mark one hundred years since the end of The Great War. Another major piece of art, formed a focal point as the UK commemorated 100 years since the end of the First World War. The ‘Shrouds of the Somme’ brought home the sheer scale of human sacrifice in the battle that came to epitomize the bloodshed of the 1914-18 war – the Battle of the Somme. Artist Rob Heard hand stitched and bound calico shrouds for 72,396 figures representing British Commonwealth servicemen killed at the Somme who have no known grave, many of whose bodies were never recovered and whose names are engraved on the Thiepval Memorial. Each figure of a human form, was individually shaped, shrouded and made to a name. They were laid out shoulder to shoulder in hundreds of rows to mark the Centenary of Armistice Day at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park from 8-18th November 2018 filling an area of over 4000 square metres. -
THE BRITISH ARMY in the LOW COUNTRIES, 1793-1814 By
‘FAIRLY OUT-GENERALLED AND DISGRACEFULLY BEATEN’: THE BRITISH ARMY IN THE LOW COUNTRIES, 1793-1814 by ANDREW ROBERT LIMM A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY. University of Birmingham School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law October, 2014. University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The history of the British Army in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars is generally associated with stories of British military victory and the campaigns of the Duke of Wellington. An intrinsic aspect of the historiography is the argument that, following British defeat in the Low Countries in 1795, the Army was transformed by the military reforms of His Royal Highness, Frederick Duke of York. This thesis provides a critical appraisal of the reform process with reference to the organisation, structure, ethos and learning capabilities of the British Army and evaluates the impact of the reforms upon British military performance in the Low Countries, in the period 1793 to 1814, via a series of narrative reconstructions. This thesis directly challenges the transformation argument and provides a re-evaluation of British military competency in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. -
Robert Helbig NATO-Brazil Relations
Helbig 1 Robert Helbig NATO-Brazil relations: Limits of a partnership policy Professor Michelle Egan, School of International Service University Honors in International Studies Fall 2012 Helbig 2 Abstract The purpose of this capstone project is to assess the potential of a partnership between NATO and Brazil, based on interviews with over twenty high-level experts on Brazilian foreign policy and the application of international relations theory. Because building international partnership has become a vital task of NATO and Brazil is trying to increase its influence in global politics, senior NATO officials have called for the Alliance to reach out to Brazil. The paper argues that Brazil, as a regional middle power, has taken on a soft-balancing approach towards the US, thereby following adversary strategies to NATO, including global governance reform and South- South cooperation. The theoretical debate on alliance formation and international regimes leads to the conclusion that NATO is unlikely to succeed in reaching out to Brazil, which is why NATO should develop different approaches of increasing its influence in South America and the South Atlantic. Helbig 3 Outline I. Introduction II. Brazil as an actor in international relations II.I. Brazil’s mindset III.II. Global aspirations vs. regional supremacy II.III. Bilateralism, multilateralism and global governance geform II.IV. Brazil’s role on the global stage II.V. Brazil’s stance on the United States – From Rio Branco to soft-balancing II.VI. Brazil’s stance on nuclear proliferation – an example of opposing the established world order II.VII. Brazilian security – the green and the blue Amazon II.IIX. -
4 R.A.N. SHIPS OVERSEAS to JUNE 194 0 URING the First Ten Months Of
CHAPTER 4 R.A.N. SHIPS OVERSEAS TO JUNE 194 0 URING the first ten months of the war, those Australian ships not D retained on the home station were employed in Imperial dispositions in widely separated areas . The first six months found Perth in Central American waters, mainly engaged in the dual task of protecting trade — especially the important tanker traffic in the Caribbean—and preventin g the escape of German merchant ships sheltering in neutral ports of th e islands and the Isthmus . Last of the three expansion-program cruiser s acquired from Britain, she had commissioned at Portsmouth on the 29th June 1939 as H .M.A. Ship under "Fighting Freddie " Farncomb, a studious , coolly-efficient officer whose nickname, bestowed during the war, reflected the confidence and esteem of the lower deck . Perth sailed from Portsmouth on the 26th July for Australia via th e Panama Canal, and reached New York, where she represented Australi a at the World Fair, on the 4th August. On the 21st of the month, after twelve days of American hospitality, she arrived at Kingston, Jamaica, an d was to have sailed for Panama on the 23rd, but in the early morning o f that date Farncomb received a signal sent to the Admiralty by the Com- mander-in-Chief, America and West Indies—Vice-Admiral Meyrick' — asking that Perth might remain on the station . Farncomb thereupon can- celled his sailing arrangements, thus anticipating an Admiralty signa l received later in the day directing him to "return Kingston and awai t further orders " . -
Trouble Ahead: Risks and Rising Costs in the UK Nuclear Weapons
TROUBLE AHEAD RISKS AND RISING COSTS IN THE UK NUCLEAR WEAPONS PROGRAMME TROUBLE AHEAD RISKS AND RISING COSTS IN THE UK NUCLEAR WEAPONS PROGRAMME David Cullen Nuclear Information Service April 2019 1 A note on terminology The National Audit Ofce (NAO) uses the term The terms ‘project’ and ‘programme’ are both used ‘Defence Nuclear Enterprise’. This refers to all of within government in diferent contexts to describe the elements in the programme but also includes the same thing. Although referred to as ‘projects’ elements which are technically and bureaucratically in the annual data produced by the government’s intertwined with it as part of the Astute submarine Infrastructure and Projects Authority (IPA), the programme. The term has also been adopted by the large MOD projects discussed in this report refer to MOD in recent publications. This report will also themselves as ‘programmes’ in their titles, and contain employ the term with the same meaning, usually within them major streams of work which are no doubt preferring the shorter ‘the Enterprise’. managed as separate projects in their own right. This report also uses the NATO shorthand ‘SSBN’ to As a general rule, this report aims to use the terms refer to submarines which are nuclear powered and project and programme to mean diferent things – a nuclear-armed and ‘SSN’ to refer to submarines which project being a relatively streamlined body of work are nuclear powered but not nuclear-armed. with a single purpose, and a programme being a larger-scale endeavour potentially encompassing A full glossary of terms and acronyms can be found at several bodies of work which may themselves be the end of the report on page 53. -
Continuity / Change: Rethinking Options for Trident Replacement
CONTINUITY / CHANGE: RETHINKING OPTIONS FOR TRIDENT REPLACEMENT DR. NICK RITCHIE Dr. Nick Ritchie Department of Peace Studies BRADFORD DISARMAMENT RESEARCH CENTRE University of Bradford April 2009 DEPARTMENT OF PEACE STUDIES : UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD : JUNE 2010 About this report This report is part of a series of publications under the Bradford Disarmament Research Centre’s programme on Nuclear-Armed Britain: A Critical Examination of Trident Modernisation, Implications and Accountability. To find out more please visit www.brad.ac.uk/acad/bdrc/nuclear/trident/trident.html. Briefing 1: Trident: The Deal Isn’t Done – Serious Questions Remain Unanswered, at www.brad.ac.uk/acad/bdrc/nuclear/trident/briefing1.html Briefing 2: Trident: What is it For? – Challenging the Relevance of British Nuclear Weapons, at www.brad.ac.uk/acad/bdrc/nuclear/trident/briefing2.html. Briefing 3: Trident and British Identity: Letting go of British Nuclear Weapons, at www.brad.ac.uk/acad/bdrc/nuclear/trident/briefing3.html. Briefing 4: A Regime on the Edge? How Replacing Trident Undermines the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, at www.brad.ac.uk/acad/bdrc/nuclear/trident/briefing4.html. Briefing 5: Stepping Down the Nuclear Ladder: Options for Trident on a Path to Zero, at www.brad.ac.uk/acad/bdrc/nuclear/trident/briefing5.html. About the author Dr. Nick Ritchie is a Research Fellow at the Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford. He is lead researcher on the Nuclear-Armed Britain programme. He previously worked for six years as a researcher at the Oxford Research Group on global security issues, in particular nuclear proliferation, arms control and disarmament. -
In the Lands of the Romanovs: an Annotated Bibliography of First-Hand English-Language Accounts of the Russian Empire
ANTHONY CROSS In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of The Russian Empire (1613-1917) OpenBook Publishers To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/268 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917) Anthony Cross http://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2014 Anthony Cross The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the text; to adapt it and to make commercial use of it providing that attribution is made to the author (but not in any way that suggests that he endorses you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Cross, Anthony, In the Land of the Romanovs: An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917), Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/ OBP.0042 Please see the list of illustrations for attribution relating to individual images. Every effort has been made to identify and contact copyright holders and any omissions or errors will be corrected if notification is made to the publisher. As for the rights of the images from Wikimedia Commons, please refer to the Wikimedia website (for each image, the link to the relevant page can be found in the list of illustrations). -
Defence Acquisition
Defence acquisition Alex Wild and Elizabeth Oakes 17th May 2016 He efficient procurement of defence equipment has long been a challenge for British governments. It is an extremely complex process that is yet to be mastered with vast T sums of money invariably at stake – procurement and support of military equipment consumes around 40 per cent of annual defence cash expenditure1. In 2013-14 Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) spent £13.9bn buying and supporting military equipment2. With the House of Commons set to vote on the “Main Gate” decision to replace Trident in 2016, the government is set to embark on what will probably be the last major acquisition programme in the current round of the Royal Navy’s post-Cold War modernisation strategy. It’s crucial that the errors of the past are not repeated. Introduction There has been no shortage of reports from the likes of the National Audit Office and the Public Accounts Committee on the subject of defence acquisition. By 2010 a £38bn gap had opened up between the equipment programme and the defence budget. £1.5bn was being lost annually due to poor skills and management, the failure to make strategic investment decisions due to blurred roles and accountabilities and delays to projects3. In 2008, the then Secretary of State for Defence, John Hutton, commissioned Bernard Gray to produce a review of defence acquisition. The findings were published in October 2009. The following criticisms of the procurement process were made4: 1 http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120913104443/http://www.mod.uk/NR/rdonlyres/78821960-14A0-429E- A90A-FA2A8C292C84/0/ReviewAcquisitionGrayreport.pdf 2 https://www.nao.org.uk/report/reforming-defence-acquisition-2015/ 3 https://www.nao.org.uk/report/reforming-defence-acquisition-2015/ 4 http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120913104443/http://www.mod.uk/NR/rdonlyres/78821960-14A0-429E- A90A-FA2A8C292C84/0/ReviewAcquisitionGrayreport.pdf 1 [email protected] Too many types of equipment are ordered for too large a range of tasks at too high a specification. -
60 Years of Marine Nuclear Power: 1955
Marine Nuclear Power: 1939 - 2018 Part 4: Europe & Canada Peter Lobner July 2018 1 Foreword In 2015, I compiled the first edition of this resource document to support a presentation I made in August 2015 to The Lyncean Group of San Diego (www.lynceans.org) commemorating the 60th anniversary of the world’s first “underway on nuclear power” by USS Nautilus on 17 January 1955. That presentation to the Lyncean Group, “60 years of Marine Nuclear Power: 1955 – 2015,” was my attempt to tell a complex story, starting from the early origins of the US Navy’s interest in marine nuclear propulsion in 1939, resetting the clock on 17 January 1955 with USS Nautilus’ historic first voyage, and then tracing the development and exploitation of marine nuclear power over the next 60 years in a remarkable variety of military and civilian vessels created by eight nations. In July 2018, I finished a complete update of the resource document and changed the title to, “Marine Nuclear Power: 1939 – 2018.” What you have here is Part 4: Europe & Canada. The other parts are: Part 1: Introduction Part 2A: United States - Submarines Part 2B: United States - Surface Ships Part 3A: Russia - Submarines Part 3B: Russia - Surface Ships & Non-propulsion Marine Nuclear Applications Part 5: China, India, Japan and Other Nations Part 6: Arctic Operations 2 Foreword This resource document was compiled from unclassified, open sources in the public domain. I acknowledge the great amount of work done by others who have published material in print or posted information on the internet pertaining to international marine nuclear propulsion programs, naval and civilian nuclear powered vessels, naval weapons systems, and other marine nuclear applications. -
Gunline Winter07.Qxd
Gunline - The First Point of Contact Published by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service December 2007 www.rfa.mod.uk Roving the South Atlantic Building Belize his year a lot of focus has been drawn on the South Atlantic 25 years ago, but of course the RFA has maintained a presence there almost continuously ever since. TToday the RFA is still working hard patrolling the Falklands and other Islands to stay As Wave Ruler returns to Devonport after her 18 in touch with the remote local communities and maintain a UK presence around the Islands. month deployment, we look back at what has been one As this year’s commemorations closed, it was time to get back to work. Captain Paul Minter of the most successful deployments in APT(N) history. provides an insight into life there in 2007….. See pages 14 & 15 See pages 2 & 3 Inside this Issue... All at sea Jim Davidson on board HRH visits the Bays RFA Association Airwolf flys from Page 8 Mounts Bay Page 6 Remembering in 2007 Mounts Bay Page 5 Page 13 Page 15 2 - Gunline From the Commodore… The Challenges of Trust and Communication After 18 Months - 21 Ports For those of you who missed my last article I want to highlight a couple of paragraphs and use these to develop a theme for this article. For those of you who gained the immense enjoyment of reading the last article, I make no apology for reminding you of these important words: 15 Homes Rebuilt.... WAVE The Navy Board endorsed: “the immediate development and implementation of the evolved RFA which will provide a more integrated and effective organisation and he Royal Fleet Auxiliary ship Wave Ruler returns to the UK after the most reassure the long term employment of the RFA.” successful deployment on counter drugs operations in recent history. -
The Communicator
REMOVALS • STORAGE • SHIPPING Continental Movers " you are safe with us Branches at PORTSMOUTH 0705-63221 PLYMOUTH 0752-65159 SOUTHAMPTON 0703-24088 DUNFERMLINE 0383-21697 WINCHESTER 0962-881004 LONDON 01 -727-9421 FARNBOROUGH 0252-49212 BOURNEMOUTH 020-16-6514 RYDE I.O.W. 63955 FORRES (Moray) 2504 JERSEY (C.l.) 0534-72182 GUERNSEY (C.l.) 0481-23773 or write Head Office— HILLS0NS ROAD, BOTLEY, SOUTHAMPTON. Tel. 04892-3343 Telex. 47639 Technical Authors and Senior Technical Authors. Ferranti require technical authors and senior technical authors for interesting and varied work on the documentation of computer based digital systems. Our authors are frequently involved with their projects from design phase through to delivery and are in regular contact with designers, programmers and customers. Technical Authors are required to prepare documentation for the hardware and software associated with modern computer based systems. Successful candidates will have a good engineering background and be qualified to ONC or equivalent Previous experience as an author would be an advantage but suitably qualified beginners will be considered. Som£ of these positions would suit ex service technicians. Senior Technical Authors are required to plan, progress and control the documentation for a variety of interesting projects. Successful candidates will have a good engineering background preferably related to computers, be qualified to HNC level, have had several years experience in technical publications work and be familiar with up to date technical communication techniques These are staff appointments and offer a contributory staff pension and dependents assurance scheme, a progressive salary structure and flexible working hours If you are interested, please ring Lynne Webb on Bracknell 3232, ext 471. -
Integrated Review: the Defence Tilt to the Indo-Pacific
BRIEFING PAPER Number 09217, 11 May 2021 Integrated Review: The defence tilt to the Indo- By Louisa Brooke-Holland Pacific In March 2021 the Government set out its security, defence, development and “Defence is an foreign policy and its vision of the UK’s role in the world over the next two essential part of the decades by publishing: Global Britain in a Competitive Age: the Integrated UK’s integrated Review of Security, Defence, Development and Foreign Policy and the offer to the command paper Defence in a Competitive Age. region.” These documents describe a “tilt to the Indo-Pacific.” A clear signal of this new Defence in a intent, and the Government’s commitment to “Global Britain”, is the first Competitive Age, deployment of the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier strike group to the 22 March 2021 Indo-Pacific in 2021. This paper explores what this means for UK defence, explains the current UK defence presence in the Indo-Pacific and discusses some of the concerns raised about the tilt. It is one of a series that the Commons Library is publishing on the Integrated Review (hereafter the review) and the command paper. 1. Why tilt to the Indo-Pacific? The Government says the UK needs to engage with the Indo-Pacific more deeply for its own security. The review describes the region as being at the “centre of intensifying geopolitical competition with multiple potential flashpoints.” These flashpoints include unresolved territorial disputes in the South China Sea and East China Sea, nuclear proliferation, climate change as a potential driver of conflict, and threats from terrorism and serious organised crime.