Politischer Hintergrundbericht
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Minorités Religieuses Et Dynamiques Identitaires En Tunisie: Ibadites Et Juifs À L'épreuve Du Tourisme Et De La Révolution
Minorités religieuses et dynamiques identitaires en Tunisie: Ibadites et Juifs à l'épreuve du tourisme et de la révolution Thèse Mourad Boussetta Doctorat en ethnologie et patrimoine Philosophiæ doctor (Ph. D.) Québec, Canada © Mourad Boussetta, 2020 Minorités religieuses et dynamiques identitaires en Tunisie : Ibadites et Juifs à l’épreuve du tourisme et de la révolution Thèse Mourad Boussetta Sous la direction de : Habib Saidi, directeur de recherche Résumé Dans cette recherche, j’étudie les dynamiques identitaires des minorités ibadite/berbère et juive de l’île de Djerba (Tunisie) à travers le prisme du tourisme et de la révolution. Je démontre que l’agencéité de ces deux minorités ethnico- religieuses se base sur la force mobilisatrice de leur patrimoine immatériel. Je déconstruis le double discours colonial et national les dotant d’un statut historique et juridique subalterne en me basant sur l’apport critique des études postcoloniales et sur une ethnographie multi-située. J’inscris ce faisant cette agencéité dans une dynamique de relations de pouvoir. J’analyse les adaptations, les négociations et les résistances des acteurs ibadites/berbères et juifs sous le régime colonial puis sous l’État-nation pour aboutir à une meilleure connaissance de leurs stratégies dans l’hyperprésent, soit la révolution de 2011. J’explique qu’en contribuant activement au jumelage de leur patrimoine immatériel à l’industrie touristique et qu’en s’engageant dans la mouvance politique postrévolutionnaire, ces acteurs se réapproprient une citoyenneté entière en Tunisie. Cet examen critique met en évidence les stratégies adoptées par les acteurs des minorités étudiées pour se repositionner par rapport aux structures, non pas dans le sens d’une rupture, mais plutôt dans celui de s’insérer dans les relations de pouvoir avec un statut avantageux. -
STUDI – Ufficio Ricerche Nel Settore Della Politica Estera E Della Difesa 066706-2629-2180 - [email protected]
I princcosti XVII legislatura Partecipazione alla 69a Assemblea Generale dell'ONU (New York, 22-26 settembre 2014) settembre 2014 Senato della Repubblica Camera dei deputati n. 166/II n. 135/II Servizi responsabili: Senato della Repubblica SERVIZIO STUDI – Ufficio ricerche nel settore della politica estera e della difesa 066706-2629-2180 - [email protected] Camera dei Deputati SERVIZIO STUDI – Dipartimento Affari esteri 066760-4939 - [email protected] I dossier dei Servizi studi del Senato e della Camera sono destinati alle esigenze di documentazione interna per l'attività degli organi parlamentari e dei parlamentari. Il Senato e la Camera declinano ogni responsabilità per la loro eventuale utilizzazione o riproduzione per fini non consentiti dalla legge. I contenuti originali possono essere riprodotti, nel rispetto della legge, a condizione che sia citata la fonte. XVII legislatura Partecipazione alla 69a Assemblea Generale dell'ONU (New York, 22-26 settembre 2014) settembre 2014 Senato della Repubblica Camera dei deputati n. 166/II n. 135/II Classificazione Teseo: Organizzazioni internazionali. Stati esteri I N D I C E VOLUME I FOCUS TEMATICI E GEOPOLITICI IL PROCESSO DI RIFORMA DELLE NAZIONI UNITE (a cura del Servizio studi della Camera) ....................................................................................................... 11 LE INIZIATIVE INTERNAZIONALI PER LA MORATORIA SULLA PENA DI MORTE (a cura del Servizio Studi della Camera) ............................................................. 17 GLI SVILUPPI DEL CONFLITTO ISRAELO-PALESTINESE: CRONOLOGIA DEGLI ULTIMI AVVENIMENTI (a cura del Servizio Studi della Camera) .......................... 23 I PIÙ RECENTI SVILUPPI DELLA CRISI SIRIANA (a cura del Servizio Studi della Camera) ........................................................................................................ 43 L’EVOLUZIONE DELLA CRISI IN IRAQ DOPO IL RITIRO AMERICANO: CRONOLOGIA (a cura del Servizio Studi della Camera) ...................................... -
Information As of 2 June 2015 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory. PREFACE
Information as of 2 June 2015 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE The Central Intelligence Agency publishes and updates the online directory of Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments weekly. The directory is intended to be used primarily as a reference aid and includes as many governments of the world as is considered practical, some of them not officially recognized by the United States. Regimes with which the United States has no diplomatic exchanges are indicated by the initials NDE. Governments are listed in alphabetical order according to the most commonly used version of each country's name. The spelling of the personal names in this directory follows transliteration systems generally agreed upon by US Government agencies, except in the cases in which officials have stated a preference for alternate spellings of their names. NOTE: Although the head of the central bank is listed for each country, in most cases he or she is not a Cabinet member. Ambassadors to the United States and Permanent Representatives to the UN, New York, have also been included. Key To Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. Retired Sec. Secretary VAdm. -
August 2015 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory
Information as of 3 August 2015 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE The Central Intelligence Agency publishes and updates the online directory of Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments weekly. The directory is intended to be used primarily as a reference aid and includes as many governments of the world as is considered practical, some of them not officially recognized by the United States. Regimes with which the United States has no diplomatic exchanges are indicated by the initials NDE. Governments are listed in alphabetical order according to the most commonly used version of each country's name. The spelling of the personal names in this directory follows transliteration systems generally agreed upon by US Government agencies, except in the cases in which officials have stated a preference for alternate spellings of their names. NOTE: Although the head of the central bank is listed for each country, in most cases he or she is not a Cabinet member. Ambassadors to the United States and Permanent Representatives to the UN, New York, have also been included. Key To Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. Retired Sec. Secretary VAdm. -
Information As of 1 April 2014 Has Been Used in Preparation of This Directory. PREFACE
Information as of 1 April 2014 has been used in preparation of this directory. PREFACE The Central Intelligence Agency publishes and updates the online directory of Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments weekly. The directory is intended to be used primarily as a reference aid and includes as many governments of the world as is considered practical, some of them not officially recognized by the United States. Regimes with which the United States has no diplomatic exchanges are indicated by the initials NDE. Governments are listed in alphabetical order according to the most commonly used version of each country's name. The spelling of the personal names in this directory follows transliteration systems generally agreed upon by US Government agencies, except in the cases in which officials have stated a preference for alternate spellings of their names. NOTE: Although the head of the central bank is listed for each country, in most cases he or she is not a Cabinet member. Ambassadors to the United States and Permanent Representatives to the UN, New York, have also been included. Page 2 of 211 Key to Abbreviations Adm. Admiral Admin. Administrative, Administration Asst. Assistant Brig. Brigadier Capt. Captain Cdr. Commander Cdte. Comandante Chmn. Chairman, Chairwoman Col. Colonel Ctte. Committee Del. Delegate Dep. Deputy Dept. Department Dir. Director Div. Division Dr. Doctor Eng. Engineer Fd. Mar. Field Marshal Fed. Federal Gen. General Govt. Government Intl. International Lt. Lieutenant Maj. Major Mar. Marshal Mbr. Member Min. Minister, Ministry NDE No Diplomatic Exchange Org. Organization Pres. President Prof. Professor RAdm. Rear Admiral Ret. -
A Year of Calm: Tunisia's Independent Government
A YEAR OF CALM: TUNISIA’S INDEPENDENT GOVERNMENT, 2014–2015 SYNOPSIS Robert Joyce drafted this case based In August 2013, two and a half years after a citizen uprising ousted a on interviews conducted in Tunis, long-ruling dictator, Tunisia was at a tipping point. Following the Tunisia, in February 2016. Case assassination of a secularist politician—the second such killing that published in March 2016. year—opposition parties demanded the dissolution of the National This series highlights the Constituent Assembly and the resignation of the interim governance challenges inherent in government, a coalition led by the Islamist Ennahda party. Work on power-sharing arrangements, a new constitution stopped amid dueling street protests between the profiles adaptations that eased two blocs. In October, four civil society organizations intervened those challenges, and offers ideas and mediated political talks between the two sides. Under the terms about adaptations. of the resulting deal, the assembly agreed to resume its work and to appoint a new prime minister to run the government. They chose a compromise candidate, Mehdi Jomaa, an incumbent minister of industry with proven managerial experience and no known political allegiances. Jomaa and his cabinet of businesspeople, civil servants, professors, and judges led the country to peaceful, credible elections in October 2014. His government walked a narrow line as it tried to lead government operations without an electoral mandate and to bridge the interests of the civil society mediators, Ennahda, and the secular parties. By the time he left power, Jomaa was one of the country’s most popular leaders, and in 2015 the civil society leaders who had mediated the political talks won the Nobel Peace Prize for their role in crafting Tunisia’s distinctive effort to navigate tensions and avoid political violence. -
Continuity and Change Before and After the Arab Uprisings
Continuity and change before and after the Arab uprisings The Arab uprisings of 2011 have sparked much scholarly discussion with regards to democratisation, the resilience of authoritarian rule, mobilisation patterns, and the relationship between secularism and Islam, all under the assumption that politics has changed for good in North Africa and the Middle East. While acknowledging the post- 2011 transformations taking place in the region, this book brings to the forefront an understudied, yet crucial, aspect related to the uprisings, namely the interplay between continuity and change. Challenging simplified representations built around the positions that either ‘all has changed’ or ‘nothing has changed’, the in-depth case studies in this volume demonstrate how elements both of continuity and rupture with the past are present in the post-uprising landscapes of Morocco, Tunisia and Egypt. Public policy, contentious politics, the process of institution making and re-making, and the relations of power connecting national and international economies are at the core of the comparative investigations included in the book. The volume makes an important contribution to the study of North African politics, and to the study of political change and stability, by contrasting the different trajectories of the uprisings, and by offering theoretical reflections on their meaning, consequences and scope. This book was originally published as a special issue of the British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. Paola Rivetti is a Lecturer in Politics of the Middle East and International Relations at Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland. She is the Secretary of the Italian Society for Middle Eastern Studies, a board member of the European Iran Research Group, and contributes to the blog Presidential Power. -
Hakim Ben Hammouda Interviewer
Innovations for Successful Societies Innovations for Successful Societies AN INITIATIVE OF THE WOODROW WILSON SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS AND THE BOBST CENTER FOR PEACE AND JUSTICE Innovations for Successful Societies Innovations for Successful Societies Series: Power Sharing Interview no.: C 12 Innovations for Successful Societies Innovations for Successful Societies Interviewee: Hakim Ben Hammouda Interviewer: Robert Joyce Date of Interview: 4 February 2016 Location: Marsa, Tunisia Innovations for Successful Societies Innovations for Successful Societies Innovations for Successful Societies, Bobst Center for Peace and Justice Princeton University, 83 Prospect Avenue, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544, USA www.princeton.edu/successfulsocieties Innovations for Successful Societies Series: Power Sharing Oral History Program Interview number: C12 ______________________________________________________________________ JOYCE: Today is February 14th, 2016, my name is Robert Joyce. I’m here in Marsa, Tunisia with Dr. Hakim Ben Hammouda. Dr. Ben Hammouda, thank you very much for talking to me. HAMMOUDA: It’s a pleasure, thank you Robert for coming. JOYCE: I’d like to start off with the story of how you first came to join Mr. (Mehdi) Jomaa’s government, how and under what circumstances he contacted you? HAMMOUDA: First, let me thank you for the interest in our experience. As you know, I am a well-known economist in the country, and I had strong experience at the international level. I was Chief Economist of the UN (United Nations) Economic Commission for Africa, but I was living outside the country for almost twenty-five years. Of course, I followed the revolution. I wrote a lot on the revolution, for example about the changing political regime as a condition for economic transition.