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associação brasileira de engenharia e ciências mecânicas volume 09 . número 2 . abril . setembro . 2003 early years of aviation santos dumont and other aviation pioneers bento s. de mattos paulo c. giarola uma breve história das atividades do prof. focke no brasil joseph kovacs a criação da indústria aeronáutica brasileira moderna e o papel da embraer paulo roberto serra história da aviação: o embraer bandeirante bento s. de mattos Expediente ABCM - DIVISÕES REGIONAIS Editorial Volume 9 - Número 2 Abril a Setembro de 2003 Campinas Secretária: Edição especial comemorativa sobre a Este é o terceiro número temático da ABCM Kátia Lucchesi Cavalca Dedini história da contribuição brasileira à aviação Engenharia. Depois de Empreendedorismo e UNICAMP/FEM Departamento de Projeto Mecânico Microssistemas, trazemos como tema central a A RevistaABCM Engenharia é uma Caixa Postal 6122 Contribuição Brasileira à História da Aviação. Nosso publicação da Associação Brasileira de 13083-970 - Campinas - SP Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas - ABCM Tel: (019) 3788 3183 Editor ConvidadoéoDr.Bento Silva e Mattos, Fax: (019) 3289 3722 visando informar seus membros sobre E-mail: [email protected] Engenheiro Sênior da Embraer e membro do Comitê atividades promovidas pela Associação, de Engenharia Aeroespacial da ABCM. Uma notícias de interesse geral e ampliar a Florianópolis seqüência de quatro artigos mostra que o comunicação entre a Diretoria, o Comitê Secretário: Editorial, os Comitês Técnico-Científicos e Fernando A. Forcellini envolvimento de nossa engenharia com a aviação os membros. UFSC CT tem longa tradição e perdura até os dias de hoje, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica Caixa Postal 476 gerando divisas para o país e desafios complexos e Diretoria Biênio 2002-2003 88010-970 - Florianópolis - SC motivadores para nossa comunidade. Assim como Tel: (048) 234 3131/ 331 7701 Leonardo Goldstein Jr. Fax: (048) 234 1519 E-mail: [email protected] acontece com todos os temas estratégicos ligados à Presidente Francisco José da Cunha Pires Soeiro Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas, a ABCM tem Norte-Nordeste contribuído para o desenvolvimento do setor Vice-Presidente Secretário: Antônio José da Silva Neto Antonio Carlos Cabral dos Santos aeroespacial no Brasil através de seus eventos Secretário Geral Universidade Federal da Paraíba científicos e suas publicações. Paulo Eigi Miyagi Tecnologia Mecânica Laboratório de Energia Solar Secretário 58059-900 - João Pessoa PB Ao mesmo tempo em que festejamos os sucessos Francesco Scofano Neto Tel: (083) 216 7034 Diretor de Patrimônio Fax: (083) 216 7127 de nossa indústria aeronáutica, lamentamos o E-mail:[email protected] terrível acidente ocorrido na base de lançamento de Editoria da Revista ABCM Engenharia Alcântara e choramos a perda de engenheiros e José Roberto de França Arruda técnicos do CTA. O programa espacial brasileiro, [email protected] que hoje tem à frente de sua principal Agência um Jornalismo: ex-presidente da ABCM, nosso colega Luis Maria de Fátima Alonso de Sousa Bevilacqua, não pode esmorecer. Ao contrário, há [email protected] que se tirar lições para que o objetivo de lançar um satélite brasileiro por um foguete brasileiro (missão espacial completa) possa ser alcançado o mais breve possível. Completando esta série de artigos de cunho Paraná Secretária: histórico, temos um artigo do nosso colega Beatriz Luci Fernandes Agamenon Oliveira, do CEPEL. Ele nos conta um PUC-PR pouco da história da Teoria Geral das Máquinas, de Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica Lazare Carnot, de quem comemoramos este ano o Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 80215-901 Curitiba, Pr ducentésimo qüinquagésimo aniversário de Tel: (041) 330 1326 nascimento. Contemporâneo de d'Alembert, a ele Revista Brasileira de Ciências Mecânicas Fax: (041) 330 1349 devemos o princípio de que “sempre perdemos em Átila Pantaleão Silva Freire E-mail: [email protected] tempo ou velocidade o que ganhamos em força”. Editor da RBCM Editores Associados: Triângulo Mineiro Alisson Rocha Machado, Secretário: Clovis C. Maliska, Américo Scotti Finalmente, como é tradicional, trazemos a agenda UFU - Universidade Federal de de eventos da ABCM, notícias da Diretoria e da Aristeu da Silveira Neto, Uberlândia Edgar Nobuo Mamiya, reunião do Conselho, relatos dos Comitês Técnicos Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia José Roberto de França Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica e das Regionais, notícias do CA do CNPq e outras Arruda e Paulo Roberto Cetlin Laboratório de Soldagem informações de interesse para os membros. Campus Santa Mônica Reiteramos que esta revista é aberta a todos os ABCM Secretaria Executiva 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG Ana Lucia Fróes de Souza Tel: (034) 239 4192 membros da ABCM, de quem esperamos sugestões Av. Rio Branco, 124 18º Andar Fax: (034)239 4206 E-mail: [email protected] e contribuições. 20040-001 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ Tel.: (21) 2221-0438 Projeto Gráfico: Fax: (21) 2509-7128 JG projetos gráficos e musicais E-mail: [email protected] (19) 3287-6907 Portal: http//www.abcm.org.br [email protected] Palavra da Presidência Editorial Temático Temos trabalhado para que todos os membros da ABCM tenham a maior participação possível nas Seguramente, o Brasil encontra-se na galeria dos países que atividades desenvolvidas pela Associação. Analisando a questão, é interessante observar que os influenciaram significativamente a história da aviação. Em membros são, ao mesmo tempo, o público-fim e o público-meio! É a ação dos membros como meio, contraposição a isso, publicações a respeito de nosso passado organizando congressos, editando revistas, revisando artigos, ministrando cursos etc., que permite aeronáutico e o acervo de réplicas e restaurações de aeronaves o atendimento das necessidades da comunidade-fim, a qual participa dos congressos, consulta os históricas ainda não condizem com a riqueza de nossos personagens e aviões aqui desenvolvidos, apesar do esforço de muitos e de anais dos eventos, submete artigos, assiste cursos, etc.. É esta participação em vários níveis que faz instituições de primeira linha como a do Museu Aeroespacial do com que a Associação cumpra seu compromisso de promoção do desenvolvimento da Engenharia e Campo dos Afonsos, no Rio de Janeiro. Faltam publicações em língua das Ciências Mecânicas. Para o membro que está participando, de uma maneira ou de outra, esta estrangeira acerca de nossa história, mais museus, preferencialmente, participação constitui uma oportunidade certa de desenvolvimento técnico e de crescimento com fácil acesso do público, e feiras de aviação de envergadura pessoal. internacional acontecendo no país. Esta edição especial da Revista ABCM Engenharia contém quatro artigos sobre a nossa contribuição à Há dois mecanismos de participação na ABCM sobre os quais quero chamar a atenção. O primeiro é a história da aviação. Eles representam um pequeno esforço ao resgate atuação do associado numa Divisão Regional da ABCM, tema sobre o qual você pode ler num artigo de nossa memória aeronáutica, mas não por isso menos importante. da página 43. O outro mecanismo, no qual deposito a maior confiança como agente promotor de Infelizmente, eles não cobrem todo o período de nossa história, mas, integração dos associados, é a sua participação nos Comitês Técnicos. certamente, teremos oportunidade em futuras edições de contar com Os Comitês Técnicos foram e continuam sendo criados e operados na ABCM com a finalidade de artigos dessa natureza. contribuir para o desenvolvimento de áreas específicas da Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas e têm como objetivos: A história da aviação está permeada de paixão e sentimentos nacionalistas, como a discussão de quem foi o primeiro a voar ou sobre quem realizou algum feito importante. Para esquentar os debates, este ! Congregar os segmentos acadêmico e industrial com atuação na área técnica específica, tanto ano, os Estados Unidos estão comemorando o que eles denominam o nacional como internacional; ! “Centenário da Aviação”, esquecendo-se que o estabelecimento da Atuar como instrumento de representação do Brasil perante as instituições nacionais e mesma deve-se à contribuição de vários pioneiros, a maioria internacionais congêneres; trabalhando isoladamente, mas apoiando-se em trabalhos de ! Promover a geração, a difusão e a transmissão do conhecimento na área, e antecessores. O sonho de voar é um esforço não centenário, mas ! Historiar e preservar a memória dos acontecimentos e desenvolvimentos da área no país. milenar, conforme indicam pesquisas descrevendo o uso de balões de ar quente pelos chineses conduzindo passageiros centenas de anos As formas de atuação dos Comitês Técnicos são várias: antes da era cristã. Este esforço de lotear a história, de distribuir o Oscar da aviação, é contrário aos valores e ideais de Santos Dumont, ! Organizar o simpósio da Área no COBEM e no CONEM, sob a supervisão da coordenação do que acreditava que a aviação viria para melhorar a humanidade, e, por evento; conta disso, sempre disponibilizou gratuitamente as suas invenções ! Organizar Jantares, Mesas Redondas, Encontros e Congressos na área; para qualquer um que desejasse construí-las. Santos Dumont não é ! Promover Cursos e Escolas; apenas um brasileiro que desenvolveu dirigíveis e aeronaves movidas ! Representar a ABCM perante as sociedades científicas nacionais e internacionais atuantes na por motores a pistão na Europa. Ele é um personagem da história da humanidade. Um dos artigos trata de Santos de Dumont e o seu área, sob o acompanhamento da Comissão de Intercâmbio
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  • PDF Du Livre

    PDF Du Livre

    Zwischen Evolution und Revolution Der Werkstoffwandel im Flugzeugbau Philipp Hassinger Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing Year of publication: 2013 Published on OpenEdition Books: 22 août 2017 Serie: KIT Scientific Publishing Electronic ISBN: 9782821883352 http://books.openedition.org Printed version ISBN: 9783866449985 Number of pages: 340 Electronic reference HASSINGER, Philipp. Zwischen Evolution und Revolution: Der Werkstoffwandel im Flugzeugbau. Neuauflage [Online]. Karlsruhe: KIT Scientific Publishing, 2013 (Erstellungsdatum: 08 février 2021). Online verfügbar: <http://books.openedition.org/ksp/3880>. ISBN: 9782821883352. This text was automatically generated on 8 février 2021. © KIT Scientific Publishing, 2013 Creative Commons - Namensnennung - Nicht-kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitung 3.0 Deutschland - CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 DE 1 „So you're telling me that people used to make airplanes out of wood? - out of lumber! I don't believe you, you're kidding me.“ Frühe Fluggeräte, ob schwerer oder leichter als Luft, bestanden aus Materialien, die uns heute im besten Fall als ungeeignet erscheinen. Bambus und Stoff weckten aber auch das Misstrauen der frühen Flugzeugbauer und -nutzer. Das revolutionäre Technologiesystem Flugzeug sollte von jeher aus den modernsten Materialien bestehen, ganz gleich ob sie immer wirklich die geeignetsten waren. Dieses Dogma hat bis heute nichts an Gültigkeit verloren. Und bis heute verursacht dieser Zwang zu den aktuellsten Materialien oft mehr Probleme als er löst. Das Beispiel Flugzeugbau bietet interessante Antworten auf die Frage, warum sich Technologien durchsetzen bzw. eben nicht durchsetzen. Es beweist, wie entscheidend und unterschätzt der Einfluss des Nutzers auf die Entwicklung einer Technologie ist. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Vorwort des Reihenherausgebers Rolf-Jürgen Gleitsmann 1. Einleitung 2. Eine Werkstoffgeschichte der Luftfahrt bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg 2.1 Die Anfänge der Luftfahrt 2.2 Der erste Motorflug 2.