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Quality Amplifier with Tetrodes JAN. 194 81 TETRODES 1flh 5 TE IS HIGH- QUALITY AMPLIFIER WITH Vol. LIV. No. I 15 www.americanradiohistory.comwww.americanradiohistory.com Advertisements Wireless World January, r948 Compression moulding press output can often be increased by t00% using high frequency pre- heating. For phenolic type powders thorough pre- heating gives a great degree of plas- ticity and makes possible the rapid production of flaw -free mouldings. Lower moulding pressures are possible with pre -heated powder, tool wear is reduced and curing time can be cut by as much as two -thirds. B.I.Callender's offer a range of high frequency pre- heaters sufficient to meet the needs of most compres- sion moulders. They are robustly built for factory use, fully screened to con- form with Post Office requirements and incorporate safety devices to protect operators. Write for Publication No. 2X9 which gives full information on all B.I.Callendcr's High Frequency Heating Equipment. ,.; HIGH FREQUENCY HEATERS BRITISH INSULATED CALLENDER'S CABLES LIMITED NORFOLK" HOUSE, NORFOLK STREET, LONDON, W.C.2 www.americanradiohistory.comwww.americanradiohistory.com wireless World JANUARY RADIO AND ELECTRONICS 1948 3 7 t h YEAR O F PUBLICATION Proprietors : ILIFFE & SONS LTD In this Issue Managing Editor : HUGH S. POCOCK, Editor : H. F. SMITH EDITORIAL COMMENT .. .. I -- HIGH -QUALITY AMPLIFIER DESIGN. By P. J. Baxandall 2 PUSH-PULL INPUT CIRCUITS. By W. T. Cocking 7 Editorial, Advertising and Publishing Offices: SHORT-WAVE CONDITIONS. By T. W. Bennington Io DORSET HOUSE, STAMFORD STREET, LONDON, S.E.I. GOVERNMENT HEARING AID .. I1 Telephone : Telegrams : CLANDESTINE RADIO .. 13 Waterloo 3333 " Ethaworld, Sedist, (60 lines). London." AMATEUR RADIO EQUIPMENT .. .. 14 TELEVISION PICTURE SIZE. By " Cathode Ray " 16 WHAT IS GOOD REPRODUCTION ? .. .. 20 PUBLISHED MONTHLY WORLD OF WIRELESS .. .. 21 Price : 1/6 MORE LOW -POWER TRANSMISSION. By 25 (Publicatirn date 26th of preceding month) W. Oliver OUTPUT TRANSFORMER EFFICIENCY. By A. E. Falkus 26 Susscription Rote : 20/- per annum. Home and Abroad AIR -LINE RADIO .. .. .. .. z8 _ BOOK REVIEWS .. .. 3o UNBIASED. By " Free Grid " Branch Offices : 32 Birmingham : King Edward House, New Street, 2. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.. 33 Coventry : 8-10, Corporation Street. RANDOM RADIATIONS. By " Diallist " . 36 Glasgow : 26B, Renfield Street, C.2. Manchester : 260, Deansgate, 3. RECENT INVENTIONS 38 Components of undoubted MERIT The range of "WEARITE " time -proven products embodies all your needs in Mains Transformers, I.F. and Miniature I.F. Transformers, "HYPERLOY" Chokes, Vibrators, Coils and Ceramic Switches. Your dealer should be able to supply from stock. If any difficulty, write to us giving his name. If you haven't yet had our Catalogue giving full information on " WEARITE " Compo- nents, write to -day. rig) an eaare zyna e 2 LORD NORTH ST., LONDON, S.A I. T:LEPHONE ABBEY 2126. FACTORY: SOUTH SHIELDS, CO. DURHAM www.americanradiohistory.com 22 Advertisements Wireless World January, 1948 VALVES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS By M. G. SCROGGIE, B.Sc., M.I.E.E. No. 13: Mullard HIGH -SLOPE R.F. PENTODE EF42 diameter. The fact that the structure it supports IT is well known that for television and other is much smaller in itself makes it more rigid. But wide -band v.h.f. purposes the important the exceptional feature is a metal gauze cylinder characteristic is high slope (gm). Since the enclosing the whole electrode system and welded to load impedance is necessarily small, making the it at top and bottom - only 14 mm. apart. The slope large is the only way of obtaining a useful result is so firm that there is no need for mica stage gain. spiders or other supporting contacts with the glass One also expects a modern valve to be miniature bulb, and microphony from that cause is absent. and single -ended. As a screen, the position of the cylinder inside Achieving a design that fulfils these requirements the bulb excludes a certain type of noise associated is less than half the job. However attractive the with bulb charges. specification, it is worth little if the valve is difficult Mechanical distortion or strain that would to produce in large quantities, or is inconsistent. impair consistency is minimized in two ways : the The EF42 is interesting on account of its per- cylinder enables the electrodes to be more formance, but perhaps more so because it is at the uniformly heated during outgassing; and the bulb same time a good valve to manufacture. That is is " soldered " to the base by means of a low - why I am leaving until next month its characteristics temperature sealing cement. and applications (except to say the the slope is very Other details of the base are the silver plating of nearly 10 mA/V) and dealing first with its the pins to minimize contact resistance, the absence construction. of spigot (optional in the B8A), and the side boss to ensure correct and visible location. GRID Summarizing: the EF50 technique has been COOLING developed several stages further in the EF42 with PLATES the following beneficial results :- (1) Higher slope, with improved v.h.f. per- formance. (2) Miniature size. (3) In spite of (1) and (2), remarkable con- sistency of production. WELDS GAUZE (4) Exceptional rigidity and absence of micro - SCREEN phony. (5) Freedom from bulb charge noise. LOCATI NG BOSS SEAL This is by G. GLASS BASE the thirteenth of a series written M. Scroggie, B.Sc., M.I.E.E., the well-known Consulting SILVER PLATED PINS Radio Engineer. Reprints for schools and technical To maintain the close spacing necessary for such colleges may be obtained free of charge from the a high slope, the electrode structure must be strong address below. Technical Data Sheets on the and rigid. Several features make for this in the EF42 and other valves are also available. EF42. Firstly, the structure is supported directly on the contact pins set in a ring around the pressed - THE MULLARD WIRELESS SERVICE CO. LTD., glass " button " base. This base, the new British TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS DEPARTMENT, standard B8A, is like the EF50 type reduced in CENTURY HOUSE, SHAFTESBURY AVE., W.C.2 4dvertisement of The Mullard Wireless Service Co. Ltd. (M.V.M. 50) www.americanradiohistory.com wireless World RADIO AND ELECTRONICS Vol. LIV. No. 1 January 1948 Post Office Control EVERYTHING touching on the technical use even more remotely connected with the " trans- of radio communication channels demands mission of messages or intelligence? " However, the closest and most detailed regulation by a more mature consideration. leads to the conclusion national authority, working in its turn within a that, if only as a matter of expediency, the national framework decided upon by international agree- radio authority must at least be responsible for the ment. On that there can be no argument ; a " free- allocation of radar frequencies. We assume that for-all " radio spectrum would soon be free for responsibility for detailed administration of radar nobody. There will be almost equal unanimity will remain with the Ministries of Transport and on the proposition that there should be unified Civil Aviation, depending on the application. control of all forms of radiation, whether for com- Another aspect of Post Office control that has munication or not. recently given us concern is what we have termed Here we come to one of the weaknesses of restrictive uses of the authority vested in the British wireless legislation, which for all practical P.M.G. In the August, 1947, issue of Wireless purposes is confined to the Wireless Telegraphy Act World we suggested that neither the broadcast of 1904. Those responsible for that archaic docu- licence or any other form of licence available to ment can have had no conception of the ramifi- the public conferred authority to listen to trans- cations of radio in later years, and it is not sur- missions such as calibrated frequencies, time sig- prising that the Act, in spite of its supplement of nals, weather reports, scientific test signals and the 1925, fails to provide means for dealing with like when transmitted by stations in the " special modern developments. In exercising the monopoly service " category. Most of these transmissions are conferred on him by the Act, the Postmaster in fact directed either specifically or by implication General has gradually extended his powers to cover to the public, and it seems highly restrictive that such developments as radio telephony, picture any barrier should be placed in the way of their transmission and television. But the P.M.G. has, reception. in general, shown some diffidence-presumably on What is a legal grounds-on assuming control of radio Station? developments less directly concerned .with com- Broadcasting munication. Except under powers conferred on The Post Office does not confirm or deny our him by wartime Orders, we believe he claims no interpretation of the regulations governing the issue legal right to control potential sources of radio of broadcast licences but now offers us a new interference such as, to take an extreme case, R.F. definition of the term " broadcasting station " (on heaters. Until recently, there has been no indica- which the matter largely depends). This definition tion that the latest non -communication radio device reads :- communication service of -radar-has been considered as coming within his . " a station in a radio purview. Indeed, reasoned arguments have been transmissions radiated for direct reception by the adduced in this journal that it does not do so. general public on frequencies assigned to such But now we learn that legal opinion has been services." taken, and it has been decided that " radar appara- It would perhaps be unwise to attempt a re- this new tus is apparatus for wireless telegraphy within the examination of the problem in the light of meaning of the Wireless Telegraphy Acts." Ac- definition, into which it is at least possible to read cordingly, the P.M.G.'s licence is required before a more favourable interpretation.
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