LC-MS in Drug Analysis Methods and Protocols Second Edition M ETHODS in M OLECULAR B IOLOGY
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Methods in Molecular Biology 1872 Loralie J. Langman Christine L.H. Snozek Editors LC-MS in Drug Analysis Methods and Protocols Second Edition M ETHODS IN M OLECULAR B IOLOGY Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life and Medical Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651 LC-MS in Drug Analysis Methods and Protocols Second Edition Edited by Loralie J. Langman Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Christine L.H. Snozek Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA Editors Loralie J. Langman Christine L.H. Snozek Department of Laboratory Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic in Arizona Rochester, MN, USA Scottsdale, AZ, USA ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic) Methods in Molecular Biology ISBN 978-1-4939-8822-8 ISBN 978-1-4939-8823-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8823-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018957456 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2012, 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Humana Press imprint is published by the registered company Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. The registered company address is: 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, U.S.A. Preface The second edition of this book is again intended to provide detailed LC-MS(/MS) procedures for the analysis of compounds of clinical significance. The main focus points for this edition were new developments including novel drugs (both therapeutic and recreational) and updated methodologies, as well as discussing alternate matrices not addressed in the first edition. We thank our colleagues who contributed to the contents of the book for the countless hours of work that these chapters represent. We hope that you, the reader, find this book useful. Rochester, MN, USA Loralie J. Langman Scottsdale, AZ, USA Christine L.H. Snozek v Contents Preface . ................................................................... v Contributors................................................................. ix 1 An Introduction to Drug Testing: The Expanding Role of Mass Spectrometry ................................................... 1 Christine L.H. Snozek, Loralie J. Langman, and Steven W. Cotten 2 Quantification of Eight Cannabinoids Including Cannabidiol in Human Urine Via Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry .... 11 Karl B. Scheidweiler and Allan J. Barnes 3 Analysis of Benzodiazepines for Drug-Facilitated Assaults and Abuse Settings (Urine) . ............................................. 23 Olaf H. Drummer, Matthew Di Rago, and Dimitri Gerostamoulos 4 Targeted Opioid Screening Assay for Pain Management Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry . ..................................... 41 Darlington Danso, Loralie J. Langman, and Paul J. Jannetto 5 Measurement of Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine in Urine............. 51 Andrea R. Terrell, Vipin Adhlakha, and Poluru Reddy 6 Quantitation of Tapentadol by Liquid Chromatography: Tandem Mass Spectrometry . .................................................... 61 Graham R. Jones and Russell P. Handy 7 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Lacosamide by LC-MS/MS. ............... 67 He Sarina Yang and Leslie Edinboro 8 LC-MS/MS Method for the Quantification of the Leflunomide Metabolite, Teriflunomide, in Human Serum/Plasma ....................... 75 Geoffrey S. Rule, Alan L. Rockwood, and Kamisha L. Johnson-Davis 9 Analysis of Tryptic Peptides from Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Using LC-MS/MS. .................................................... 85 Maria Alice V. Willrich 10 Quantification of Methotrexate in Human Serum and Plasma by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry..................... 101 Gabrielle N. Winston-McPherson, Michael Schmeling, and Andrew N. Hoofnagle 11 Simultaneous Determination of Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine A in Whole Blood by Ultrafast LC-MS/MS.................................. 111 Matthew W. Bjergum, Paul J. Jannetto, and Loralie J. Langman 12 Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Method to Quantify Gabapentin and Pregabalin in Urine.................... 119 Stephen Merrigan and Kamisha L. Johnson-Davis 13 The Evolving Landscape of Designer Drugs. .............................. 129 Sherri L. Kacinko and Donna M. Papsun vii viii Contents 14 Analysis of Synthetic Cannabinoid Metabolites by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.............................. 137 Gregory C. Janis 15 Quantification of Designer Opioids by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. .................................................... 149 Sherri L. Kacinko and Joseph W. Homan 16 Screening Analysis for Designer Stimulants by LC-MS/MS . ............... 165 Piotr Adamowicz and Bogdan Tokarczyk 17 Drug Screening Using Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (LC-QqTOF) Mass Spectrometry........................... 181 Jennifer M. Colby and Kara L. Lynch 18 Alternate Matrices: Meconium, Cord Tissue, Hair, and Oral Fluid ............ 191 Kendra L. Palmer and Matthew D. Krasowski 19 Salt-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Meconium for Analysis of Cocaine and Amphetamines by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. .................................................... 199 Melissa M. Goggin and Gregory C. Janis 20 Detection of In Utero Cannabis Exposure in Umbilical Cord Tissue by a Sensitive Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method ................................................... 211 Fang Wu, Triniti L. Jensen, and Gwendolyn A. McMillin 21 Quantitation of Ethyl-β-D-Glucuronide in Human Umbilical Cord Tissue by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) .......................................................... 223 Simuli L. Wabuyele and Gwendolyn A. McMillin 22 Analysis of Drugs in Oral Fluid Using LC-MS/MS . ....................... 237 Cynthia A. Coulter and Christine M. Moore 23 Determination of Cocaine and Metabolites in Dried Blood Spots by LC-MS/MS ......................................................... 261 Lars Ambach and Christophe Stove Index . ................................................................... 273 Contributors PIOTR ADAMOWICZ Institute of Forensic Research, Krakow, Poland VIPIN ADHLAKHA Aria Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA LARS AMBACH Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium ALLAN J. BARNES Quest Diagnostics, Chantilly, VA, USA MATTHEW W. BJERGUM Clinical Mass Spectrometry Lab, Superior Drive Support Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA JENNIFER M. COLBY Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA STEVEN W. COTTEN Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA CYNTHIA A. COULTER Toxicology Analytical Services, Immunalysis Corporation, Pomona, CA, USA DARLINGTON DANSO Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA MATTHEW DI RAGO Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Southbank, VIC, Australia; Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Southbank, VIC, Australia OLAF H. DRUMMER Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Southbank, VIC, Australia LESLIE EDINBORO Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute of Chantilly, Chantilly, VA, USA DIMITRI GEROSTAMOULOS Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Southbank, VIC, Australia; Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Southbank, VIC, Australia MELISSA M. GOGGIN MedTox Laboratories, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, St. Paul, MN, USA RUSSELL P. H ANDY Alberta Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Edmonton, AB, Canada JOSEPH W. HOMAN NMS Laboratories, Willow Grove, PA, USA ANDREW N. HOOFNAGLE Department of Laboratory Medicine, University