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Iberian-American Fruits Rich in Bioactive Phytochemicals for Nutrition and Health

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Iberian-American Fruits Rich in Bioactive Phytochemicals for Nutrition and Health Iberian-American Fruits Iberian-American Fruits RRiicchh iinn BBiiooaaccttii vvee PPhhyyttoocchheemmiiccaallss ffoorr NNuuttrriittiioonn aanndd HHeeaalltthh Edited by: Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Nieves Baenas, Débora Villaño, and Diego A Moreno Iberian-American Fruits Rich in Bioactive Phytochemicals for Nutrition and Health Editedby: AmadeoGironésVilaplana, NievesBaenas, DéboraVillaño,and DiegoAMoreno Iberian-American Fruits Rich in Bioactive Phytochemicals for Nutrition and Health First Edition, 2014 © The Authors © Editors: Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Nieves Baenas, Débora Villaño and Diego A. Moreno On behalf of the CYTED ACTION 112RT0460 “CORNUCOPIA” THEMATIC NETWORK on “Characterization and Functional and Safety Evaluation of Fruit Bioactive Phytochemicals from IberianAmericanRegionsforFoodIngredients” I.S.B.N. (Electronic, PDF): 9788415413240 I.S.B.N. (Printed): 9788415413257 Printed by: LIMENCOP S.L., Alicante,Spain Contact: Diego A. Moreno CEBAS-CSIC - Spanish National Research Council Food Sci. & Technol. Dept. Campus de Espinardo 25, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain Distribution: http://www.redcornucopia.org/ ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the editors. Contents Contributors Prólogo Preface Fruit Pg. Authors Açai 1 Katalina Muñoz, Julián Londoño, Stella Sepulveda, Melisa Gómez, Ana Isabel Tabares, and Catarina P.P.Carvalho Andean Raspberry 9 Susana Espín Mayorga and Beatriz Brito Grandes Blackthorn 15 Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Debora Villaño, Nieves Baenas, Diego A. Moreno, and Cristina García-Viguera Camu-Camu 21 Debora Villaño, Nieves Baenas, Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Cristina García-Viguera, and Diego A. Moreno Cape Gooseberry 27 Katalina Muñoz, Julián Londoño, Stella Sepulveda, Melisa Gómez, Ana Isabel Tabares, and Catarina P.P.Carvalho Cherimoya 35 Susana Espín Mayorga and Beatriz Brito Grandes Cocoa 41 Katalina Muñoz, Julián Londoño, Stella Sepulveda, Melisa Gómez, Ana Isabel Tabares, and Catarina P.P.Carvalho Cupuassú 47 Katalina Muñoz, Julián Londoño, Stella Sepulveda, Melisa Gómez, Ana Isabel Tabares, and Catarina P.P.Carvalho Feijoa 53 Debora Villaño, Nieves Baenas, Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Cristina García-Viguera, and Diego A. Moreno Guava 59 Liliana Vargas-Murga and Nancy Vargas-Murga Lemon 67 Nieves Baenas, Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Debora Villaño, Raúl Dominguez-Perles, Diego A. Moreno, and Cristina García-Viguera Mandarin 73 Liliana Vargas-Murga and Nancy Vargas-Murga Maqui 79 Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Debora Villaño, Nieves Baenas, Cristina García-Viguera, and Diego A. Moreno Magellan Barberry Calafate Nieves Baenas, Amadeo Gironés, Debora Villaño, Cristina García-Viguera, and Diego A. Moreno 85 Murtilla 89 Debora Villaño, Nieves Baenas, Amadeo Gironés, Diego A. Moreno, and Cristina García-Viguera Naranjilla 95 Susana Espín Mayorga and Beatriz Brito Grandes Noni 101 Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Debora Villaño, Nieves Baenas, Cristina García-Viguera, and Diego A. Moreno Orange 107 Liliana Vargas-Murga and Nancy Vargas-Murga Papaya 115 Nieves Baenas, Amadeo Gironés, Debora Villaño, Raúl Dominguez-Perles, Diego A. Moreno, and Cristina García-Viguera Pitanga 121 Liliana Vargas-Murga and Nancy Vargas-Murga Pomegranate 127 Pedro Mena, Debora Villaño, Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana, Nieves Baenas, Diego A. Moreno, and Cristina García-Viguera Purple Passion Fruit 135 Katalina Muñoz, Julián Londoño, Stella Sepulveda, Melisa Gómez, Ana Isabel Tabares, and Catarina P.P.Carvalho Quince 143 Amílcar M.M. Duarte, Ana Clara Grosso, Patrícia C. R. Valentão, and Paula B. Andrade Sweet Granadilla 151 Katalina Muñoz, Julián Londoño, Stella Sepulveda, Melisa Gómez, Ana Isabel Tabares, and Catarina P.P.Carvalho Soursop 159 Sandra Orozco Suárez, Hermelinda Salgado Ceballos, María Eva González-Trujano, and Irma Fabiola Domínguez Avilés Tamarind 167 Sandra Orozco Suárez, Hermelinda Salgado Ceballos, María Eva González-Trujano, and Irma Fabiola Domínguez Avilés Tree Tomato 175 Susana Espín Mayorga and Beatriz Brito Grandes Tuna 183 Sandra Orozco Suárez, Hermelinda Salgado Ceballos, María Eva González-Trujano, and Irma Fabiola Domínguez Avilés Annex 191 Table I. Iberian-American fruits rich in health-promoting phytochemicals Contributors Paula C. B. Andrade Amílcar M.M. Duarte REQUIMTE Pharmacognosy Faculty of Science and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of (FCT), University of Algarve, UALG, Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal. Portugal. Nieves Baenas Navarro Susana Espín Mayorga Food Science and Technology Quality and Nutrition Department Department, CEBAS-CSIC, National Agricultural and Research Murcia, Spain. Institute - INIAP Quito, Ecuador Beatriz Brito Grandes Cristina García-Viguera Quality and Nutrition Food Science and Technology Department Department, CEBAS-CSIC, National Agricultural and Murcia, Spain Research Institute - INIAP Quito, Ecuador Catarina P.P. Carvalho Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana Colombian Agricultural Research Food Science and Technology Corporation, CORPOICA, Department, CEBAS-CSIC, Rionegro, Colombia. Murcia, Spain. Fabiola Domínguez Avilés Melisa Gómez Eastern Biomedical Research Colombian Agricultural Research Center (CIBIOR).Mexican Corporation, CORPOICA, Institute of Social Security, Rionegro, Colombia. IMSS, Puebla, Mexico. Raúl Domínguez-Perles María Eva González-Trujano Food Science and Technology Neuropharmacology of Natural Department, CEBAS-CSIC, Products. Directorate of Research in Murcia, Spain Neurosciences of the National Institute of Psyquiatry ‘Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz’, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico Ana Clara Grosso Hermelinda Salgado Ceballos REQUIMTE. Pharmacognosy Medical Research Unit on Laboratory, Faculty of Neurological Diseases, National Pharmacy, University of Porto, Medical Center XXI Century. Portugal Mexican Institute of Social Security, IMSS. Mexico City. Mexico. Julián Londoño Stella Sepulveda Corporación Universitaria Colombian Agricultural Research Lasallista (LaSalle Medellín), Corporation, CORPOICA, Caldas, Colombia Rionegro, Colombia. Pedro Mena Parreño Ana Isabel Tabares Food Science and Technology Colombian Agricultural Research Department, CEBAS-CSIC, Corporation, CORPOICA, Murcia, Spain. Rionegro, Colombia. Diego A. Moreno Fernández Patrícia C. R. Valentão Food Science and Technology REQUIMTE Pharmacognosy Department, CEBAS-CSIC, Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal. Spain. Katalina Muñoz Liliana Vargas-Murga VIDARIUM, Grupo Nutresa, Nancy Vargas-Murga Medellin, Colombia. BIOTHANI, Barcelona, Spain. Sandra Orozco Suárez Debora Villaño Valencia Medical Research Unit on Food Science and Technology Neurological Diseases, National Department, CEBAS-CSIC, Medical Center XXI Century. Murcia, Spain. Mexican Institute of Social Security, IMSS. Mexico City, Mexico. Prólogo Las plantas con flores que dar lugar a frutos se estiman en más de 350.000 especies (Angiospermas), la mayoría de las cuales no se han investigador y los frutos que son parte de la dieta humana y tienen un cierto nivel potencial para ser beneficiosos para la salud se van documentando en la literatura científica. La mayoría de las evidencias obtenidas a nivel del tubo de ensayo indican que los ingredientes activos de los frutos tienden a tener una gran capacidad de secuestro de radicales libres, pero en términos de su relevancia para las funciones biológicas en el organismo, estamos muy lejos de conocer todas sus capacidades, funciones y aplicaciones. En los años recientes, cientos de publicaciones sobre estudios preclínicos y clínicos han demostrado que el consumo de variedad de frutas y hortalizas ayuda a aumentar la capacidad antioxidante de nuestras células. Estos estudios se han focalizado en los polifenoles así como en los carotenoides y otras clases de bioactivos de origen vegetal, con efectos antioxidantes y antiinflamatorios. Existe un interés creciente en el estudio del potencial de alimentos ricos en fitoquímicos para prevenir la neurodegeneración y el declive cognitivo asociado a la edad adulta y el envejecimiento. Estamos dando los primeros pasos de un largo camino de investigación científica sobre el impacto del consumo de frutos ricos en bioactivos sobre muchas enfermedades crónicas no comunicables que se derivan del envejecimiento como son la degeneración neuronal, el aumento de estrés oxidativo, los desequilibrios en el metabolismo celular a nivel de mitocondria, la activación de la muerte celular de las neuronas, la deposición de agregados de proteínas y el daño neuronal por exceso de activación, etc. El uso de los frutos como principales fuentes dietéticas de fitoquímicos y de los productos alimentarios derivados de los mismos, ricos en compuestos bioactivos, pueden ser parte de la solución. La caracterización y evaluación de la funcionalidad y seguridad de los compuestos bioactivos de frutos iberoamericanos para su uso en ingredientes alimentarios acerca a un grupo de investigadores, profesores, técnicos, estudiantes, productores y asociaciones en una red de cooperación proactiva dentro del programa CYTED (Red Temática 112RT0460 “CORNUCOPIA”). Esta red incluye 24 grupos de 11 países de la región Iberoamericana (www.cyted.org). El consorcio de la red temática CORNUCOPIA persigue potenciar la cooperación y la interacción entre investigación y desarrollo tecnológico
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