`Subject: Geography Year: 9
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`Subject: Geography Year: 9 Dear Students, Each week in Geography you will be expected to complete a piece of Geography work that should take you between 1 to 2 hours. This is the minimum expectation and there are lots of other useful things you could spend your time completing in your free time as listed below: Watching Documentaries: Explore the following websites: Read the following books: Chasing Ice BBC Bitesize Our Place by Mark Cocker Blue Planet Geoguessr Adventures of a young naturalist by Planet Earth Google Maps David Attenbrough Life Gapminder Prisoners of Geography by Tim Marshall Severn Worlds One Planet Kids World Travel Guide Population and Development – Tim Horizons: We need to talk World Atlas Dyson about population Earthtime.org Factfulness by Hans Rosling National Geographic Adventures through the Anthrpocene by Gaia Vince Week Title of work Learning Intentions: Deadline for work 1 What and Where is Africa? To be able to compare the size, population and Friday 27th March 2020 population densities of the different continents 2 A Little History To understand how Africa’s past has shaped its Friday 3rd April 2020 present. 3 Africa Today To understand the relevance of Africa’s human Friday 10th April 2020 geography today. 4 Africa’s Countries To be able to explore a political map of Africa, Friday 17th April 2020 learning about its human geography. 5 How Many People and To understand the factors affecting Africa’s Friday 24th April 2020 Where? population distribution and density. 6 Africa’s Physical Features To be able to explore a physical map of Africa, Friday 1st May 2020 learning about its physical geography. 7 Africa’s Biomes To understand the characteristics of Africa’s Friday 8th May 2020 biomes. If you have any questions about your work please email your class teacher and they will get back to you as soon as they can. Mr Mullins ([email protected]) Mrs Dawson ([email protected]) Mrs Tahir ([email protected]) Mr Tsintas ([email protected]) Mr Reed ([email protected]) Week 1: Title: What and Where is Africa? 1. Lots of people think Africa is a country. It’s not. It is a continent. Can you explain the difference between a continent and a country? 2. How many African countries can you think of without looking at a map? 3. The graph above compares the areas of the continents. Using the graph (and the table on the first page) decide whether each statement below is true or false. A. All of North America would fit into Africa B. South America and Europe together would fit into Africa C. Africa is about 3 times the size of Europe 4. The graph above compares the populations of the continents. Using the graph (and the table on the first page) decide whether each statement below is true or false. A. There are more people in Africa than Europe B. Africa has more people than North and South America combined C. More people live inside Asia than outside Asia Continent Population Density (people per square kilometer) Africa 37 Antarctica 0 Asia 96 Europe 75 North America 23 South America 23 Oceania 5 5. The population density of a place is the number of people living there per square kilometer, on average. Using the table above decide whether each statement below is true or false A. Africa is the least crowded of the inhabited continents B. Europe has about twice as many people per square km as Africa does C. Africa has more people per square km than either North or South America 6. Make a big spider diagram (mind-map) as your summary for Africa. Use a double page. Mark in facts you already know. You could group them under headings such as: Where is Africa? You will add to this spider diagram over the rest of the lessons. Week 2: Title: A Little History Africa: Our Cradle All humans are linked to Africa, because that’s where humans began! Look at the first map below. We think that the first species of human appeared around X, about 2 million years ago. It was related to apes. (X is in today’s Ethiopia.) Then around 200 000 years ago, our own species emerged (Homo Sapiens). And about 60 000 years ago, we began leaving Africa, and we spread around the world (see the second map) African Empires and Kingdoms There were many ancient African civilisations, empires and kingdoms. The map above showed the following three: Ancient Egypt. This civilization lasted for over 3000 years. It ended in 30BC with the death of Cleopatra, the last pharaoh. The Mali Empire (About 800 to 1500.) It grew very wealthy, mainly through selling salt, gold, ivory, pottery, silks, and slaves, to other parts of Africa. (Slavery was common in many places.) The ruler of the Mali Empire, Mansa Musa, was the richest person ever – richer than anyone alive today! The Kingdom of Kongo. (About 1400-1914.) It depended on trade in ivory, metals, and slaves. From 1857 it was controlled by Portugal. 1. We all share one link with Africa. What is it? 2. Ancient Egypt was based around a great river, can you find out which one? 3. What did the Mali Empire and the Kingdom of Kongo have in common? The Europeans Arrive European people such as the Portuguese, Dutch, French and British began to take an interest in Africa about 600 years ago. They began trading fabrics and guns for gold ivory and slaves. The slave trade lasted for over 300 years and at least 12 million slaves were taken. Then the Europeans got greedier and colonised places (took control of them) so they could take resources that they wanted like wood, gold, coffee and spices. In 1884, in Berlin, the European countries carved Africa up amongst themselves, drawing lines on a map to create new countries (see the map below) 4. Two European countries colonised about two thirds of Africa between them. Which two countries? 5. See how many African countries you can name that were British Colonies. The map in Lesson 4 might help. 6. Using 50-60 words, see if you can explain why European countries wanted to colonise areas of Africa Independence Eventually, many African colonies grew tired of being exploited. They struggled for their freedom. Libya was first, gaining independence in 1951. Zimbabwe did not gain independence until 1980. 7. a) What do ‘exploited’ and ‘independence’ mean? b) Can you explain why the countries wanted independence? 8. Add some more facts to your Africa spider diagram. Week 3: Title: Africa Today Today, Africa has 54 countries. There is a map of them in lesson 4. 23 of them are smaller than the UK, in area. Only 4 of them have more people than in the UK! 1. Look back to lesson 1. What did the table say was the population of Africa? Is this still accurate? See if you can find a more recent figure. 2. Africa’s population is expected to double in the next 30 years. What problems might this cause? (Think about things people need like food, shelter, water etc). 3. In Africa half of the population is aged under 20. Is such a young population a good thing or a bad thing? Make a table to show the advantages and disadvantages. 4. English is the official language in Ghana and Nigeria. Use the maps from lesson 2 and 4 to help you answer this question. Country Life Expectancy Nigeria 53 Sierra Leone 47 UK 80 The table above shows life expectancy. This is how long that a person can expect to live for. In other words, it is the average age at which people die. Many people think that life expectancy is most affected by adults dying before they get old, but actually it is far more affected by babies and children dying before they become adults because that brings the average down by much more. Although Sierra Leone’s life expectancy is 47 some people live a lot longer than that. 5. Suggest some reasons why the two African countries have a life expectancy that is so much lower than the UK (remember that children dying has a huge effect on life expectancy. 6. Add some more facts to your Africa spider diagram. Week 4: Title: Africa’s Countries 1. See if you can find and name these African countries: a. It’s on the east coast and its name begins with K b. It is tiny, and completely surrounded by South Africa c. It is a big island, larger than the British Isles d. It is just north of Nigeria, and a bit larger. e. It is small and thin; its name starts with T and has 4 letters. 2. Now see how many countries you can find, beginning with: a) M b) Z c) L d) S 3. Below are some capital cities, from the map. Find each one on the map, then write down the capital city and the country it is in. Addis Ababa Lusaka Nairobi Tripoli Nouakchott Kampala Windhoek Libreville 4. The map above shows Africa’s different regions. See if you can name countries in each region, as follows: a) three in Central Africa b) four in North Africa c) three in East Africa d) four in West Africa e) four in Southern Africa 5. Pick any African country and produce a fact-file on it. You could include its flag, currency, size, population, traditions, culture, wildlife etc 6.