DOCSLIB.ORG

SUPPLEMENT Der Limoniidae, Tipulidae Und Zu Faunistisch-Ökologische Cylindrotomidae (Diptera) Im Bereich Mitteilungen Eines Norddeutschen Tieflandbaches

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SUPPLEMENT Der Limoniidae, Tipulidae Und Zu Faunistisch-Ökologische Cylindrotomidae (Diptera) Im Bereich Mitteilungen Eines Norddeutschen Tieflandbaches ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at Zur Habitatpräferenz und Phänologie SUPPLEMENT der Limoniidae, Tipulidae und zu Faunistisch-Ökologische Cylindrotomidae (Diptera) im Bereich Mitteilungen eines norddeutschen Tieflandbaches Faunistisch-Ökologische Mitteilungen Supplement 11 Herausgegeben im Aufträge der Faunistisch-Ökologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft von B. Heydemann, W. Hofmann und U. Irmler Zoologisches Institut und Museum der Universität Kiel Kiel, Dezember 1991 Karl Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at Faun.-Ökol. Mitt. Suppl. 1 1 , 1—156 Kiel, Dezember 1991 Zur Habitatpräferenz und Phänologie der Limoniidae, Tipulidae und Cylindrotomidae (Diptera) im Bereich eines norddeutschen Tieflandbaches von Rainer Brinkmann Kiel 1991 Nicht das Wesen einer einzigen Mücke hat das Denken des Menschen zu erspüren vermocht. Thomas von Aquin ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at Titelbild: Epiphragma ocellare 2. Körperlänge 12 mm. Herausgegeben im Aufträge der Faunistisch-ökologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft von B. Heydemann, W. Hofmann und U. Irmler Zoologisches Institut und Museum der Universität Kiel Karl Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster, 1991 This publication is included in the abstracting and indexing coverage of the Bio Sciences Service of Biological Abstracts. ISSN 0430-1285 ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung ............................................................................................................................... 5 2 Material und Methoden ..................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Freilanduntersuchungen ........................................................................................... 8 2.1.1 Fangmethoden .................................................................................................. 8 2.1.1.1 Emergenz ........................................................................................... 8 2.1.1.2 LarvenaufSammlungen ................................................................. 9 2.1.1.3 K esch erfan g ........................................................................................ 10 2.1.1.4 Lichtfang ........................................................................................... 10 2.1.1.5 Farbschalen ........................................................................................ 11 2.1.2 Charakterisierung der Habitate ................................................................. 11 2.1.2.1 W asserstand........................................................................................ 11 2.1.2.2 Vegetation und Substrat ................................................................. 11 2.2 Laboruntersuchungen .............................................................................................. 11 2.2.1 Zuchten und H ä lte ru n g ................................................................................. 11 2.3 Auswertung der biologischen Untersuchungen ................................................. 14 2.3.1 Bestimmung und Nomenklatur ................................................................. 14 2.3.2 Dominanz ........................................................................................................ 15 3 Untersuchungsgebiet und Charakteristik der Probestellen .................................... 17 4 Freilanduntersuchungen ..................................................................................................... 20 4.1 Faunistik ........................................................................................................................ 20 4.1.1 Limoniidae ........................................................................................................ 21 4.1.2 Tipulidae ........................................................................................................... 25 4.1.3 Cylindrotom idae.............................................................................................. 26 4.2 Apparenz der Imagines ........................................................................................... 28 4.2.1 Limoniidae ........................................................................................................ 28 4.2.2 Tipulidae ........................................................................................................... 32 4.2.3 Cylindrotom idae.............................................................................................. 33 4.3 Qualitativer und quantitativer Vergleich der Fangmethoden ....................... 35 4.3.1 Limoniidae ........................................................................................................ 35 4.3.2 Tipulidae ........................................................................................................... 35 4.3.3 Cylindrotom idae.............................................................................................. 36 4.4 Habitate der Larven .................................................................................................. 36 4.4.1 Limoniidae ........................................................................................................ 37 4.4.2 Tipulidae ........................................................................................................... 57 4.4.3 Cylindrotom idae.............................................................................................. 71 3 ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at 5 Laboruntersuchungen ........................................................................................................ 73 5.1 Limoniidae ..................................................................................................................... 73 5.1.1 Epiphragma ocellare .................................................................................... 73 5.1.2 Erioconopa trivialis ........................................................................................ 74 5.1.3 Helius flavus ...................................................................................................... 75 5.1.4 Helius longirostris ............................................................................................ 77 5.1.5 Helius pallirostris ............................................................................................ 81 5.1.6 Dicranomyia m o d e s ta ..................................................................................... 82 5.1.7 Neolimonia dumetorum .............................................................................. 84 5.1.8 Limonia macrostigma ..................................................................................... 85 5.1.9 Limonia nubeculosa ........................................................................................ 88 5.1.10 Limonia tripunctata ........................................................................................ 89 5.1.11 Limonia trivittata ........................................................................................... 90 5.1.12 Weitere Limoniidae-Arten ........................................................................... 91 5.2 Tipulidae ........................................................................................................................ 93 5.2.1 Prionocera subserricornis .............................................................................. 93 5.2.2 Tipula rufina rufina ......................................................................................... 93 5.2.3 Tipula luna ......................................................................................................... 94 5.2.4 Tipula maxima .................................................................................................. 95 5.2.5 Tipula vittata ...................................................................................................... 95 5.2.6 Tipula paludosa ............................................................................................... 96 5.2.7 Tipula u n c a ......................................................................................................... 97 5.2.8 Tipula lunata ...................................................................................................... 98 5.2.9 Nephrotoma analis ........................................................................................ 99 5.2.10 Nephrotoma dorsalis ..................................................................................... 100 5.2.11 Nephrotoma scurra ........................................................................................ 100 5.2.12 Weitere Tipulidae-Arten .............................................................................. 101 5.3 Cylindrotomidae ........................................................................................................ 101 5.3.1 Cylindrotoma distinctissima distinctissim a.............................................. 101 5.3.2 Diogma glabrata .............................................................................................. 104 6 Diskussion ..............................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Dipterists Digest
    Dipterists Digest 2019 Vol. 26 No. 1 Cover illustration: Eliozeta pellucens (Fallén, 1820), male (Tachinidae) . PORTUGAL: Póvoa Dão, Silgueiros, Viseu, N 40º 32' 59.81" / W 7º 56' 39.00", 10 June 2011, leg. Jorge Almeida (photo by Chris Raper). The first British record of this species is reported in the article by Ivan Perry (pp. 61-62). Dipterists Digest Vol. 26 No. 1 Second Series 2019 th Published 28 June 2019 Published by ISSN 0953-7260 Dipterists Digest Editor Peter J. Chandler, 606B Berryfield Lane, Melksham, Wilts SN12 6EL (E-mail: [email protected]) Editorial Panel Graham Rotheray Keith Snow Alan Stubbs Derek Whiteley Phil Withers Dipterists Digest is the journal of the Dipterists Forum . It is intended for amateur, semi- professional and professional field dipterists with interests in British and European flies. All notes and papers submitted to Dipterists Digest are refereed. Articles and notes for publication should be sent to the Editor at the above address, and should be submitted with a current postal and/or e-mail address, which the author agrees will be published with their paper. Articles must not have been accepted for publication elsewhere and should be written in clear and concise English. Contributions should be supplied either as E-mail attachments or on CD in Word or compatible formats. The scope of Dipterists Digest is: - the behaviour, ecology and natural history of flies; - new and improved techniques (e.g. collecting, rearing etc.); - the conservation of flies; - reports from the Diptera Recording Schemes, including maps; - records and assessments of rare or scarce species and those new to regions, countries etc.; - local faunal accounts and field meeting results, especially if accompanied by ecological or natural history interpretation; - descriptions of species new to science; - notes on identification and deletions or amendments to standard key works and checklists.
    [Show full text]
  • R. P. LANE (Department of Entomology), British Museum (Natural History), London SW7 the Diptera of Lundy Have Been Poorly Studied in the Past
    Swallow 3 Spotted Flytcatcher 28 *Jackdaw I Pied Flycatcher 5 Blue Tit I Dunnock 2 Wren 2 Meadow Pipit 10 Song Thrush 7 Pied Wagtail 4 Redwing 4 Woodchat Shrike 1 Blackbird 60 Red-backed Shrike 1 Stonechat 2 Starling 15 Redstart 7 Greenfinch 5 Black Redstart I Goldfinch 1 Robin I9 Linnet 8 Grasshopper Warbler 2 Chaffinch 47 Reed Warbler 1 House Sparrow 16 Sedge Warbler 14 *Jackdaw is new to the Lundy ringing list. RECOVERIES OF RINGED BIRDS Guillemot GM I9384 ringed 5.6.67 adult found dead Eastbourne 4.12.76. Guillemot GP 95566 ringed 29.6.73 pullus found dead Woolacombe, Devon 8.6.77 Starling XA 92903 ringed 20.8.76 found dead Werl, West Holtun, West Germany 7.10.77 Willow Warbler 836473 ringed 14.4.77 controlled Portland, Dorset 19.8.77 Linnet KC09559 ringed 20.9.76 controlled St Agnes, Scilly 20.4.77 RINGED STRANGERS ON LUNDY Manx Shearwater F.S 92490 ringed 4.9.74 pullus Skokholm, dead Lundy s. Light 13.5.77 Blackbird 3250.062 ringed 8.9.75 FG Eksel, Belgium, dead Lundy 16.1.77 Willow Warbler 993.086 ringed 19.4.76 adult Calf of Man controlled Lundy 6.4.77 THE DIPTERA (TWO-WINGED FLffiS) OF LUNDY ISLAND R. P. LANE (Department of Entomology), British Museum (Natural History), London SW7 The Diptera of Lundy have been poorly studied in the past. Therefore, it is hoped that the production of an annotated checklist, giving an indication of the habits and general distribution of the species recorded will encourage other entomologists to take an interest in the Diptera of Lundy.
    [Show full text]
  • Dipterists Forum
    BULLETIN OF THE Dipterists Forum Bulletin No. 76 Autumn 2013 Affiliated to the British Entomological and Natural History Society Bulletin No. 76 Autumn 2013 ISSN 1358-5029 Editorial panel Bulletin Editor Darwyn Sumner Assistant Editor Judy Webb Dipterists Forum Officers Chairman Martin Drake Vice Chairman Stuart Ball Secretary John Kramer Meetings Treasurer Howard Bentley Please use the Booking Form included in this Bulletin or downloaded from our Membership Sec. John Showers website Field Meetings Sec. Roger Morris Field Meetings Indoor Meetings Sec. Duncan Sivell Roger Morris 7 Vine Street, Stamford, Lincolnshire PE9 1QE Publicity Officer Erica McAlister [email protected] Conservation Officer Rob Wolton Workshops & Indoor Meetings Organiser Duncan Sivell Ordinary Members Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD [email protected] Chris Spilling, Malcolm Smart, Mick Parker Nathan Medd, John Ismay, vacancy Bulletin contributions Unelected Members Please refer to guide notes in this Bulletin for details of how to contribute and send your material to both of the following: Dipterists Digest Editor Peter Chandler Dipterists Bulletin Editor Darwyn Sumner Secretary 122, Link Road, Anstey, Charnwood, Leicestershire LE7 7BX. John Kramer Tel. 0116 212 5075 31 Ash Tree Road, Oadby, Leicester, Leicestershire, LE2 5TE. [email protected] [email protected] Assistant Editor Treasurer Judy Webb Howard Bentley 2 Dorchester Court, Blenheim Road, Kidlington, Oxon. OX5 2JT. 37, Biddenden Close, Bearsted, Maidstone, Kent. ME15 8JP Tel. 01865 377487 Tel. 01622 739452 [email protected] [email protected] Conservation Dipterists Digest contributions Robert Wolton Locks Park Farm, Hatherleigh, Oakhampton, Devon EX20 3LZ Dipterists Digest Editor Tel.
    [Show full text]
  • Malaise-Hyönteispyynti Lapin Suojelualueilla 2012–2014
    Jukka Salmela, Stefan Siivonen, Patrycja Dominiak, Antti Haarto, Kai Heller, Juhani Kanervo, Petri Martikainen, Matti Mäkilä, Lauri Paasivirta, Aki Rinne, Juha Salokannel, Guy Söderman ja Pekka Vilkamaa Malaise-hyönteispyynti Lapin suojelualueilla 2012–2014 Metsähallituksen luonnonsuojelujulkaisuja. Sarja A 221 Jukka Salmela, Metsähallitus, Lapin luontopalvelut, jukka.salmela(at)metsa.fi Stefan Siivonen, Metsähallitus, Lapin luontopalvelut, stefan.siivonen(at)metsa.fi Patrycja Dominiak, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, University of Gdansk, heliocopris(at)gmail.com Antti Haarto, Mietoinen, ahaarto(at)gmail.com Kai Heller, Quickborn, kaiheller(at)gmx.de Juhani Kanervo, Turku, jussi.kanervo(at)luukku.com Petri Martikainen, Juva, petri.martikainen(at)uef.fi Matti Mäkilä, Rovaniemi, makila.entomology(at)gmail.com Lauri Paasivirta, Salo, lauri.paasivirta(at)suomi24.fi Aki Rinne, Helsinki, aki.rinne(at)pintakasittelytekniikka.fi Juha Salokannel, Tampere, juha.salokannel(at)gmail.com Guy Söderman, Helsinki, guy.soderman(at)pp.inet.fi Pekka Vilkamaa, Luonnontieteellinen keskusmuseo, Helsingin yliopisto, pekka.vilkamaa(at)helsinki.fi Kansikuva: Malaise-pyydys Pallas–Yllästunturin kansallispuiston Röyninkurussa 2013. Lähteisten latvapurojen varret, varsinkin sellaiset joita ympäröi luonnontilainen havu- metsä, ovat monimuotoisia elinympäristöjä. Tältä paikalta havaittiin mm. Euroopalle uusi sienissääskilaji Mycetophila monstera, erittäin harvinainen pikkuvaaksiainen ou- taruskokirsikäs (Limonia messaurea) ja pohjoinen surviaissääski
    [Show full text]
  • Durham E-Theses
    Durham E-Theses The feeding ecology of certain larvae in the genus tipula (Tipulidae, Diptera), with special reference to their utilisation of Bryophytes Todd, Catherine Mary How to cite: Todd, Catherine Mary (1993) The feeding ecology of certain larvae in the genus tipula (Tipulidae, Diptera), with special reference to their utilisation of Bryophytes, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5699/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 THE FEEDING ECOLOGY OF CERTAIN LARVAE IN THE GENUS TIPULA (TIPULIDAE, DIPTERA), WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIR UTILISATION OF BRYOPHYTES Catherine Mary Todd B.Sc. (London), M.Sc. (Durham) The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. A thesis presented in candidature for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Durham, 1993 FEB t99^ Abstract Bryophytes are rarely used as a food source by any animal species, but the genus Tipula (Diptera, Tipulidae) contains some of the few insect species able to feed, and complete their life-cycle, on bryophytes.
    [Show full text]
  • Maybanks Farm, Toot Hill, Essex Preliminary
    MAYBANKS FARM, TOOT HILL, ESSEX PRELIMINARY ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT A Report to: Nicolas Tye Architects Report No: RT-MME-121505 Date: February 2016 Triumph House, Birmingham Road, Allesley, Coventry CV5 9AZ Tel: 01676 525880 Fax: 01676 521400 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.middlemarch-environmental.com Maybanks Farm, Toot Hill, Essex RT-MME-121505 Preliminary Ecological Assessment REPORT VERIFICATION AND DECLARATION OF COMPLIANCE This study has been undertaken in accordance with British Standard 42020:2013 “Biodiversity, Code of practice for planning and development”. Report Date Completed by: Checked by: Approved by: Version Paul Roebuck MSc MCIEEM (Senior Dr Philip Fermor Ecological Consultant) Colin Bundy MCIEEM Final 15/02/2016 MCIEEM CEnv and Ella Robinson BSc (Associate Director) (Managing Director) (Hons) (Ecological Project Assistant) The information which we have prepared is true, and has been prepared and provided in accordance with the Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management’s Code of Professional Conduct. We confirm that the opinions expressed are our true and professional bona fide opinions. DISCLAIMER The contents of this report are the responsibility of Middlemarch Environmental Ltd. It should be noted that, whilst every effort is made to meet the client’s brief, no site investigation can ensure complete assessment or prediction of the natural environment. Middlemarch Environmental Ltd accepts no responsibility or liability for any use that is made of this document other than by the client for the purposes for which it was originally commissioned and prepared. VALIDITY OF DATA The findings of this study are valid for a period of 24 months from the date of survey.
    [Show full text]
  • The Diptera of Lancashire and Cheshire: Craneflies and Winter Gnats
    The Diptera of Lancashire and Cheshire: Craneflies and Winter Gnats by Phil Brighton 32, Wadeson Way, Croft, Warrington WA3 7JS [email protected] Version 1.1 26 November 2017 1 Summary This document provides a new checklist for the craneflies and winter gnats (Tipuloidea, Ptychopteridae and Trichoceridae) to extend the lists of the diptera of Lancashire and Cheshire first published by Kidd and Bindle in 1959. Overall statistics on recording activity are given by decade and hectad. Checklists are presented for each of the three Watsonian vice-counties 58, 59, and 60 detailing for each species the number of records, year of earliest and most recent record, and the number of hectads with records. A combined checklist showing distribution by the three vice-counties is also included, covering a total of 264 species, amounting to 75% of the current British checklist. Introduction This report is the third in a series to update and extend the partial checklist of the diptera of Lancashire and Cheshire published in 1959 by Leonard Kidd and Alan Brindle1. There were two previous updates, in 19642 and 19713. The previous reports in this series cover the soldierflies and allies4 and the Sepsidae5, the latter family not having been covered in Ref 1. The reader is referred to the first two reports for the background and rationale of these checklists, as well as the history of diptera recording and available data sources. The description of methodology is also kept to a minimum in the present report: only significant differences from the previous publications will be outlined.
    [Show full text]
  • 2011 Biodiversity Snapshot. Isle of Man Appendices
    UK Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies: 2011 Biodiversity snapshot. Isle of Man: Appendices. Author: Elizabeth Charter Principal Biodiversity Officer (Strategy and Advocacy). Department of Environment, Food and Agriculture, Isle of man. More information available at: www.gov.im/defa/ This section includes a series of appendices that provide additional information relating to that provided in the Isle of Man chapter of the publication: UK Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies: 2011 Biodiversity snapshot. All information relating to the Isle or Man is available at http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-5819 The entire publication is available for download at http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-5821 1 Table of Contents Appendix 1: Multilateral Environmental Agreements ..................................................................... 3 Appendix 2 National Wildife Legislation ......................................................................................... 5 Appendix 3: Protected Areas .......................................................................................................... 6 Appendix 4: Institutional Arrangements ........................................................................................ 10 Appendix 5: Research priorities .................................................................................................... 13 Appendix 6 Ecosystem/habitats ................................................................................................... 14 Appendix 7: Species ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Scottish Pollinating Flies
    Scottish Pollinating Flies Introduction to True flies True flies form one of the largest and most diverse orders of insects called Diptera (meaning two wings). There are around 160,000 species worldwide in 150 families, with 7,200 species from over 90 families recorded in the UK. They inhabit every continent and almost every terrestrial and freshwater niche on the planet which is testament to their adaptability. True flies differ from other insects in that they have retained only their front pair of wings, with the hind pair having evolved into small club-shaped appendages called ‘halteres’ which act as gyroscopes and facilitate greater aerobatic agility. They provide a range of ecological services including pollination, controlling pest species, the decomposition of organic material, and supplementing the dietary requirements of a wide range of other organisms. Pollinating flies and other dipterans Of the four most significant orders of pollinating insects, flies are the most abundant. Approximately 1,500 of the 7,200 British species are thought to contribute to pollination. Hoverflies (family Syrphidae) are especially significant pollinators, but some other families (the house flies and their relatives) are just as important. The remainder of the 90+ families contribute relatively few, or no pollinating species. True flies contribute to more pollination in Scotland than any other order of insects, mainly due to the sparsity, absence or selectiveness of bees in colder, northern upland habitats. Below are some examples that demonstrate the diversity of true flies that may be encountered. Common dronefly (Eristalis tenax) Splayed deerfly Chrysops( caecutiens) © Steven Falk © Steven © Steven Falk © Steven Cranefly Tipula lateralis Orange-legged robberfly (Dioctria oelandica) © Steven Falk © Steven Falk © Steven Buglife—The Invertebrate Conservation Trust is a company limited by guarantee.
    [Show full text]
  • Cheshire Wildlife Trust
    Cheshire Wildlife Trust Heteroptera and Diptera surveys on the Manchester Mosses with PANTHEON analysis by Phil Brighton 32, Wadeson Way, Croft, Warrington WA3 7JS [email protected] on behalf of Lancashire and Cheshire Wildlife Trusts Version 1.0 September 2018 Lancashire Wildlife Trust Page 1 of 35 Abstract This report describes the results of a series of surveys on the Manchester mosslands covering heteroptera (shield bugs, plant bugs and allies), craneflies, hoverflies, and a number of other fly families. Sites covered are the Holcroft Moss reserve of Cheshire Wildlife Trust and the Astley, Cadishead and Little Woolden Moss reserves of Lancashire Wildlife Trust. A full list is given of the 615 species recorded and their distribution across the four sites. This species list is interpreted in terms of feeding guilds and habitat assemblages using the PANTHEON software developed by Natural England. This shows a strong representation in the sample of species associated with shaded woodland floor and tall sward and scrub. The national assemblage of peatland species is somewhat less well represented, but includes a higher proportion of rare or scarce species. A comparison is also made with PANTHEON results for similar surveys across a similar range of habitats in the Delamere Forest. This suggests that the invertebrate diversity value of the Manchester Mosses is rather less, perhaps as a result of their fragmented geography and proximity to past and present sources of transport and industrial pollution. Introduction The Manchester Mosses comprise several areas of lowland bog or mire embedded in the flat countryside between Warrington and Manchester. They include several areas designated as SSSIs in view of the highly distinctive and nationally important habitat, such as Risley Moss, Holcroft Moss, Bedford Moss, and Astley Moss.
    [Show full text]
  • Structure of the Coxa and Homeosis of Legs in Nematocera (Insecta: Diptera)
    Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 85: 131–148 (April 2004) StructureBlackwell Publishing, Ltd. of the coxa and homeosis of legs in Nematocera (Insecta: Diptera) Leonid Frantsevich Abstract Schmalhausen-Institute of Zoology, Frantsevich L. 2004. Structure of the coxa and homeosis of legs in Nematocera Kiev-30, Ukraine 01601 (Insecta: Diptera). — Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 85: 131–148 Construction of the middle and hind coxae was investigated in 95 species of Keywords: 30 nematoceran families. As a rule, the middle coxa contains a separate coxite, Insect locomotion – Homeotic mutations the mediocoxite, articulated to the sternal process. In most families, this coxite – Diptera – Nematocera is movably articulated to the eucoxite and to the distocoxite area; the coxa is Accepted for publication: radially split twice. Some groups are characterized by a single split. 1 July 2004 The coxa in flies is restricted in its rotation owing to a partial junction either between the meron and the pleurite or between the eucoxite and the meropleurite. Hence the coxa is fastened to the thorax not only by two pivots (to the pleural ridge and the sternal process), but at the junction named above. Rotation is impossible without deformations; the role of hinges between coxites is to absorb deformations. This adaptive principle is confirmed by physical modelling. Middle coxae of limoniid tribes Eriopterini and Molophilini are compact, constructed by the template of hind coxae. On the contrary, hind coxae in all families of Mycetophiloidea and in Psychodidae s.l. are constructed like middle ones, with the separate mediocoxite, centrally suspended at the sternal process. These cases are considered as homeotic mutations, substituting one structure with a no less efficient one.
    [Show full text]
  • RECORDERS NEWSLETTER ISSUE 6 – October 2008
    Biodiversity Information Service Recorder Newsletter – Issue 6 – October 2008 RECORDERS NEWSLETTER ISSUE 6 – October 2008 Welcome to the sixth edition of the Powys and Brecon Beacons National Park recorders newsletter. Many thanks to all those that have contributed articles for this issue. Perhaps this edition should be labelled ‘a mammal and invertebrate issue’. I can assure you that this has not been by design. As always, articles reflect the wide variety of recording interest and pro- jects being undertaken. Although most of us are focused on our own recording interests, be it bats, birds, botany or bugs, reading other people’s articles and efforts in this newsletter always really inspires me further. Even more so when recorders come together on recorders’ days. Surely there’s only a certain amount that anyone can learn from books, journals and the web! I’ve always been a great enthusiast for learning from other people in the field. Despite the awful weather this season, the BIS Recorders Field Meetings have proved a successful way to get together, vis- it a new area that perhaps you may not get the chance to, and of course provides extremely useful records for everyone. If anyone has ideas of sites that would benefit from a recorders day visit next year, we would like to hear from you. Our next big event is the BIS Recorders’ Forum on 22nd November (see notice in this is- sue). It’s a couple of years since we all got together at the last Forum, so one to look forward to with plenty of things to catch up on.
    [Show full text]