Richard Queirós Soares

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Richard Queirós Soares Universidade de Aveiro Departamento de Electrónica, Telecomunicações e 2013 Informática Richard Queirós Serviços OTT TV – Aspectos Técnico-Económicos Soares OTT TV services – Technical and Economic Aspects Universidade de Aveiro Departamento de Eletrónica, Telecomunicações e 2013 Informática Richard Queirós Serviços OTT TV – Aspectos Técnico-Económicos Soares OTT TV services – Technical and Economic Aspects Dissertação apresentada à Universidade de Aveiro para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Electrónica e Telecomunicações, realizada sob a orientação científica do Dr. Diogo Nuno Pereira Gomes, Professor Auxiliar Convidado do Departamento de Electrónica, Telecomunicações e Informática da Universidade de Aveiro e co-orientação do Dr. A. Manuel de Oliveira Duarte, Professor Catedrático do Departamento de Electrónica, Telecomunicações e Informática da Universidade de Aveiro. À Mes Cher Parents… o júri presidente Professor Doutor João Nuno Pimentel da Silva Matos Professor Associado da Universidade de Aveiro vogal – arguente principal Mestre Ricardo Jorge Moreira Ferreira Gestor de Negócios na PT Inovação vogal - orientador Professor Doutor Diogo Nuno Pereira Gomes Professor Auxiliar Convidado da Universidade de Aveiro agradecimentos Este espaço é dedicado a todos aqueles que contribuíram para que esta dissertação fosse realizada. Ao Professor Diogo Gomes desejo expressar o meu profundo agradecimento pela partilha da sua visão e seus conhecimentos que me levaram a escolher este tema. Ao Professor Manuel Oliveira Duarte gostaria de deixar os meus irrestritos agradecimentos pelos seus conselhos, as condições de trabalho disponibilizadas, a partilha da sua profunda experiência e paixão pelas telecomunicações que foram determinantes para o desenvolvimento do meu trabalho e incentivo para a conclusão desta etapa e começo de uma carreira profissional. A ambos, agradeço a disponibilidade, sentido crítico e todos os inputs valiosos, dados ao presente documento. Por fim, gostaria de expressar toda a gratidão, aos meus pais, por todo o carinho, apoio e incentivo que me ajudou a chegar a bom porto. À minha irmã, por dar sempre a palavra certa no momento oportuno. Ao Carlos Campos, pelas horas infindáveis de apoio e auxílio nos momentos mais difíceis desta etapa académica. Aos meus amigos e colegas de carteira, em especial ao David Barroso, agradeço todos os momentos de camaradagem, boa disposição e partilha que ficarão gravados para a vida. palavras-chave Serviços Over The Top, Vídeo, Televisão, Operadores, Multiscreen, Streaming, Telecomunicações, Análise Técnico-Económica resumo A amplitude e variedade de conteúdos disponíveis online têm ajudado a promover uma experiência cada ver mais móvel da televisão, serviço que se tem revelado particularmente popular entre os mais jovens. Serviços Over The Top (OTT), sobretudo aqueles disponíveis através de plataformas de video on-demand, têm-se tornado cada vez mais atraentes para os consumidores, em comparação com os atuais pacotes de televisão. Este documento descreve como funciona, do ponto de vista técnico, o ecossistema do vídeo sobre OTT. A descrição apresentada abrange ambas as extremidades da cadeia de distribuição: desde a forma como os sinais de vídeo são adquiridos e processados até ao modo como eles são entregues ao cliente, passando pelos problemas e consequências que tais serviços podem ter na rede. O principal objectivo deste trabalho é contribuir para compreender se é possível criar em Portugal um novo operador onde o core business seja a distribuição de vídeo utilizando apenas serviços OTT. keywords Over The Top Services, Video, Television, Operators, Multiscreen, Streaming, Telecom, Techno-Economic Analysis abstract The breadth of availability and variety of online video contents has helped to encourage a far more mobile experience, which has proved particularly popular among younger generations. Over The Top (OTT) services, particularly those on-demand video platforms, became more and more attractive to consumers when compared with the current main TV packages. This document describes how the video OTT Ecosystem works from a technical side. The description presented reaches both ends of the distribution chain: from how the video signals are acquired and processed, thru all the way to how they are delivered to the client, passing by the challenges and consequences that such services have on the network. The main objective of this dissertation is to understand the possibility to create in Portugal a new operator where the core business is video delivery using only OTT services. OTT TV services – Technical and Economic Aspects Index PAGE Index ................................................................................................................................................... i Figure Index ...................................................................................................................................... v Table Index ....................................................................................................................................... ix List of Acronyms ............................................................................................................................. xi 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Over The Top (OTT) ......................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Competitors and Stakeholders .......................................................................................... 2 2 OTT TV Ecosystem .................................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Video Specifications .......................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Streaming Technologies ................................................................................................. 10 2.2.1 Apple HTTP Live Streaming ....................................................................................... 10 2.2.2 Microsoft IIS Smooth Streaming ................................................................................. 12 2.2.3 Real-Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP) ..................................................................... 13 2.2.4 MPEG – DASH ........................................................................................................... 16 2.2.5 P2P/ BitTorrent Live.................................................................................................... 19 2.3 Streaming Servers .......................................................................................................... 20 2.3.1 Darwin Streaming Server (DSS) ................................................................................. 20 2.3.2 Red5 ........................................................................................................................... 20 2.3.3 Wowza Media Server.................................................................................................. 20 2.3.4 Flumotion Streaming Server ....................................................................................... 21 2.4 Adaptive Bit Rate (ABR) Streaming ................................................................................ 22 2.5 Content Protection and Digital Right Management Systems .......................................... 24 2.5.1 Microsoft PlayReady DRM Protection ........................................................................ 24 2.5.2 HTTP Live Streaming DRM Protection ....................................................................... 25 2.6 Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting ............................................................... 25 3 Telecommunication Networks.............................................................................................. 27 3.1 Network Structure ........................................................................................................... 27 3.1.1 Core Network .............................................................................................................. 28 3.1.2 Access Network .......................................................................................................... 29 3.1.3 Customer Network ...................................................................................................... 30 3.2 Access Network Technologies ........................................................................................ 31 3.2.1 Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL) ................................................................................... 31 3.2.2 Fiber To The X (FTTx) ................................................................................................ 33 3.2.3 HFC............................................................................................................................. 34 Universidade de Aveiro i Richard Queirós Soares 3.2.4 Mobile Networks ......................................................................................................... 36 3.3 IPTV ................................................................................................................................ 41 3.3.1 IPTV Distribution over ADSL and FTTH Networks ..................................................... 42 3.3.2 IPTV vs. OTT .............................................................................................................
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