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D W LAN ARFA OR RE F S E T R U T D N IE E S C CLAWS VI CT N OR ISIO Y THROUGH V SCHOLAR WARRIOR CENTRE FOR LAND WARFARE STUDIES D W LAN ARFA OR RE F S E T R U T D N IE E S C CLAWS VI CT N OR ISIO Y THROUGH V SCHOLAR WARRIOR not be quoted or cited as representing the CENTRE FOR LAND WARFARE STUDIES views or policy of the Government of India, or New Delhi Integrated Headquarters of MoD (Army), or the Centre for Land Warfare Studies. EDITORIAL COMMITTEE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Lt Gen (Dr.) VK Ahluwalia PVSM, AVSM**, YSM, VSM SUBSCRIPTION RATES (Retd) India: Rs 500 (Single Issue) Director, CLAWS Rs 1000 Annual Subscription EDITOR Col Ashwani Gupta (2 issues) Scholar Warrior is published by the Centre for SAARC Countries: US $15 (Single Issue) Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi. All Other Countries: US $20 (Single Issue) CLAWS is an independent think-tank dealing with national security and conceptual aspects of land warfare, including conventional and ISSN 2319 – 7331 sub-conventional conflict and terrorism. CLAWS conducts research that is futuristic in outlook and policy oriented in approach. CLAWS Vision: To establish as a leading Centre of Excellence, Research and Studies on Military Strategy & Doctrine, Land Warfare, Regional & National Security, Military Technology and Human Resource Mailing address Editor, SCHOLAR WARRIOR Centre for Land Warfare Studies Distributed by: RPSO Complex, Parade Road New Delhi 110010, India. Tele: +91-11-25691308, Fax: +91-11-25692347 KW Publishers Pvt Ltd Email: [email protected] 4676/21, First Floor Website: http://www.claws.in Ansari Road, Daryaganj Army No. 33098 New Delhi, 110002. © Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi. Tele: +91-11-43528107 Disclaimer: The contents of this Journal are Fax: +91-11-23263498t based on the analysis of materials accessed Email: [email protected] from open sources and are the personal views Website: www.kwpub.com of the author. The contents, therefore, may Contents From the Desk of the Editor v SECTION I ä national security AND strategy • Pakistan: Adversarial Relations Cemented in Perpetuity or on the Threshold of Rapprochement 2 Rakesh Sharma • Mission Shakti: Controlling Space Assets 11 Akhelesh Bhargava • Water As a Weapon: India’s Assistance to Afghanistan’s Hydel Power Development 18 Manjari Singh • Border Management and Internal Security: Redefining Force Structures 27 Ashwani Gupta SECTION II ä CHINA monitor • Pla Concept of Intelligent Operations 34 Dhruv C Katoch • Military Reforms: China’s Western Theatre Command and its Structures 41 VK Ahluwalia • India-China Border Dispute: Dilemma of the ‘Resolution’ 56 Amrita Jash SECTION III ä PRISM ON PAKISTAN • Impact on Pakistan of India’s New Stated Approach to Implementation of Indus Water Treaty 66 AK Chaturvedi • Evolution of Pakistan Army’s Character and Ethos 75 KJ Singh • Balochistan: Can It Become Pakistan’s Achilles Heel 83 Anurag Bhardwaj scholar warrior SECTION IV ä REGIONAL NEIGHBOURHOOD • Sri Lanka Terror Strikes: Islamic State—Retreat to Revival 92 Narender Kumar SECTION V ä MILITARY technology • Latest Trends in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Need for Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles in the Indian Army 102 PK Chakravorty • Chinese Yaogan Satellites: The Game Changers 109 Shailender Arya SECTION VI ä MILITARY history • A Few Good Men… 118 Raj Mehta SECTION VII ä motivation • Major Asa Ram Tyagi (MVC): Hero of Dograi 126 CLAWS Research Team SECTION VIII ä miscellaneous Commentary • China’s 2019 National Defence White Paper: An Assessment 132 Amrita Jash • Sino-Indian Boundary Dispute: A Little Known Historical Perspective 137 Baljit Singh Book Reviews • Chinese Military Transformation, Politics and War Preparation 141 S L Narasimhan • Rise of China: A Military Challenge to India 148 Vivek Verma iv ä AUTUMN 2019 ä scholar warrior scholar warrior From the Desk of the Editor It gives me great pleasure to bring to you the Autumn 2019 issue of Scholar Warrior. The 1965 Indo-Pak War had taken place 54 years ago in this month of September. The epic battles of Dograi, Asal Uttar, Chawinda; and the legendary valour of Lieutenant Colonel AB Tarapore, Company Quartermaster Havildar (CQMH) Abdul Hamid and countless unsung heroes led to the decimation of the Pakistan Army, with locations like Patton Nagar an apt reminder of the Indian soldiers’ prowess and bravery. In this issue, the Strategic Issues Section focusses on wide ranging issues, from water as a weapon shaping geo-politics in the coming years, the space leap by India, and the proposed changes in our border management structures. The first article explores the fixation of Pakistan with India and its far-reaching impact on relations between the two nations. The next article examines the anti-satellite demonstration by India and the future. The third article discusses the nuances of redefining our force structures for a synergised border guarding mechanism. The China Section analyses the concept of Chinese intelligence operations, an indepth analysis of the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA’s) Western Theatre Command and the resolution mechanism for the Indo-China border disputes. The Pakistan Section deals with the likely impact and mechanism for stopping the flow of excess water into Pakistan as per the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) provisions, the structure and profile of the Pakistan Army and whether Balochistan can become a major trouble spot due to the growing unrest in the province. The Regional Neighbourhood Section analyses the recent Sri Lankan bomb blasts and the spreading radicalisation. The Military Technology Section has articles on the capabilities of the Chinese military Yaogan satellite series and new trends in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The Military History Section provides an analysis of earlier battles to learn valuable lessons for the future. The focus in this issue is on the 1965 War scholar warrior ä AUTUMN 2019 ä v scholar warrior and we cover the exploits of the Meghdoot Force, the beginnings of the Special Forces in India and the valiant action of Major Asa Ram Tyagi, MVC (Posthumous), one of the heroes of the Battle of Dograi. We are looking forward to a greater contribution from our readers for our next issue which will focus on the 1971 Indo-Pak War. I would urge infantry battalion commanders to forward details of smaller battles, along with maps/ sketches to form part of our Military History Section. Articles on exceptional acts of bravery will be a welcome addition for the Motivation Section. HAPPY READING Colonel Ashwani Gupta Editor vi ä AUTUMN 2019 ä scholar warrior Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS) Membership Details The Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi is an independent think-tank dealing with national security and conceptual aspects of land warfare, including conventional, sub-conventional conflict and terrorism. CLAWS conducts research that is futuristic in outlook and policy oriented in approach. The vision of the CLAWS is to develop a ‘strategic culture’ to bring about synergy in decision making both at national and operational levels. Since its inception, CLAWS has established itself as one of the leading ‘think tanks’ in the country. To achieve its vision, CLAWS conducts seminars (at Delhi and with commands), round table discussions and meetings with academia and intellectuals of strategic community both from India and abroad. CLAWS also comes out with a number of publications pertaining to national and regional security and various issues of land warfare. Members are invited to all CLAWS seminars/round table discussions (details regarding impending events are communicated to all members through e–mail. Information also available on our website, http://claws.in). For the benefit of members, who cannot attend various events, reports are forwarded through e-mail. Members are sent copies of the bi-annual CLAWS Journal & Scholar Warrior, occasional (Manekshaw) Papers and given membership of the CLAWS Library. From January 1, 2020, certain occasional papers would be made available to the members digitally only. All members can also order CLAWS sponsored/commissioned books at special discount of 25% from the cover price. Eligibility: • Individual Life Membership: All serving and retired officers of the Armed Forces. • Individual Annual Membership: All serving and retired officers of the Armed Forces. • Institutional Membership: All formations, units and establishments of the Armed Forces. Membership Fee: Individuals: • Life Membership – Rs 8000/- (20% discount for YOs – First year of service) Annual Membership – Rs 1,500/- Formations/Units and Establishments • Institutional Membership for 5 years - Rs 10,000/- Membership Forms are appended below. For membership, please make all payments in favour of Centre for Land Warfare Studies, payable in New Delhi. To The Director Passport Size Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS) Photograph RPSO Complex, Parade Road for Individual Delhi Cantt, New Delhi –110010 Member Institutional Membership Rs 10,000/- Individual Life Rs 8,000/- Individual Annual Rs 1,500/- Sir, I would like to apply for Membership of the Centre for Land Warfare Studies. I understand that my membership is subject to the approval of the Director. If approved, I will respect and follow the rules and regulations of the CLAWS (as amended from time to time). Name of Institution/Individual (Service No) .......................................................... Address: .................................................................................................................
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