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Assessment of Needs Forest Legacy Areas Draft

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Assessment of Needs Forest Legacy Areas Draft Assessment of Needs Forest Legacy Areas Draft June 24, 2021 Submitted to: Assessment of Needs: Puerto Rico Forest Legacy Areas 1 USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. This publication was made possible through a grant from the USDA Forest Service. Assessment of Needs: Puerto Rico Forest Legacy Areas 2 ABSTRACT To be included. Assessment of Needs: Puerto Rico Forest Legacy Areas 3 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 9 1.1 Authority and Purpose of the Forest Legacy Program .......................................................................... 9 1.2 The Assessment of Needs.......................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Puerto Rico’s Forest Legacy Program Background ............................................................................. 10 1.4 General Context of Puerto Rico ............................................................................................................ 13 2 PUERTO RICO FORESTS .................................................................................................................................... 16 2.1 Ecological life zones ................................................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Land cover ............................................................................................................................................... 22 2.3 A brief history of Puerto Rico’s forest cover .......................................................................................... 29 2.4 Protected lands in Puerto Rico............................................................................................................... 33 2.5 Additional planning mechanisms for land protection ......................................................................... 36 2.6 Forest ownership and Control ................................................................................................................ 40 3 RESOURCES AND BENEFITS ................................................................................................................................ 41 3.1 Fish and Wildlife Habitat .......................................................................................................................... 41 3.2 Aesthetic and scenic values .................................................................................................................. 55 3.3 Public recreation opportunities .............................................................................................................. 57 3.4 Outstanding geological features........................................................................................................... 58 3.5 Soil productivity ........................................................................................................................................ 59 3.6 Watershed values including water-quality protection ........................................................................ 65 3.7 Climate change mitigation .................................................................................................................... 68 4 THE PRESENT AND FUTURE THREATS OF CONVERSION OF FOREST AREAS TO NONFOREST USES IN PUERTO RICO .................... 69 4.1 Urban sprawl ............................................................................................................................................ 69 4.2 Puerto Rico’s fiscal situation and protected areas owned by Commonwealth agencies and public corporations ............................................................................................................................................. 70 4.3 Traditional agricultural practices ........................................................................................................... 71 4.4 Wildfires ..................................................................................................................................................... 71 4.5 Natural disturbances and Climate change ......................................................................................... 72 5 FLAS ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA ............................................................................................................................... 74 5.1 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 74 5.2 FLP Implementation Priorities .................................................................................................................. 74 5.3 FLA Eligibility criteria revision and update ............................................................................................. 75 6 MODIFICATIONS TO EXISTING FLAS ................................................................................................................... 79 6.1 Recommendations of Modifications to FLAs ........................................................................................ 79 6.2 Proposed expansions to the existing FLAs ............................................................................................. 79 7 PUERTO RICO FOREST LEGACY AREAS ................................................................................................................ 96 7.1 The Guánica Legacy Area ..................................................................................................................... 97 7.2 The Maricao Legacy Area .................................................................................................................... 102 7.3 The Quebradillas Legacy Area ............................................................................................................ 106 7.4 The Caonillas-Dos Bocas Legacy Area ............................................................................................... 110 7.5 The La Plata-Coamo Legacy Area ...................................................................................................... 115 7.6 The Río Grande de Loíza Legacy Area ............................................................................................... 120 Assessment of Needs: Puerto Rico Forest Legacy Areas 4 7.7 The El Yunque Legacy Area ................................................................................................................. 124 7.8 The Maunabo Legacy Area ................................................................................................................. 129 8 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .................................................................................................................................. 132 GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................................................................ 133 COLLABORATORS ................................................................................................................................................... 135 REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................................... 136 APPENDIX A ......................................................................................................................................................... 140 Figures Figure 1. Land cover in Puerto Rico ......................................................................................................................... 22 Figure 2. Land cover per FLA .................................................................................................................................... 23 Figure 3. Forest cover in Puerto Rico (2014 FIA) ...................................................................................................... 30 Figure 4. Area of forest land/timberland per forest-type group/forest-types, Puerto Rico (2004, 2009 and 2014) ............................................................................................................................................................................ 31 Figure 5. Area of forest land by ownership class and land status, Puerto Rico (Mainland, Vieques, Culebra), 2004, 2009 and 2014 .................................................................................................................................................. 40 Figure 6. Area of forest land by forest-type and ownership group, Puerto Rico, Vieques and Culebra, 2014 40 Figure 7. Land well-suited for conservation, agriculture, and forestry in Puerto Rico (Gould et al., 2017) ....... 60 Figure 8. Habitats to be impacted according to projected land uses in the PRLUP .......................................... 70 Figure 9. Incorporation of the criteria and values into the analysis ...................................................................... 78 Tables Table 1. Acreage of lands acquired in each FLA ................................................................................. 12 Table 2. Ecological Life Zones (Area in acres and percentage) ........................................................ 21 Table 3. Land Cover Classes.................................................................................................................... 26 Table 4. Protected
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