DOCSLIB.ORG

Common Lab Equipment Uses and Vocabulary Review

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Common Lab Equipment Uses and Vocabulary Review COMMON LAB EQUIPMENT USES AND VOCABULARY REVIEW Tools for Understanding Matter Alabama Science in Motion Updated Jan 2017 1 Which piece of lab equipment would be the best to crush a solid into powder? 2 Which piece of lab equipment would be the best to precisely deliver 5 mL of liquid? 3 COMMON LAB EQUIPMENT AND USES 4 Beaker Beakers are used to mix chemicals, dissolve solids into solutions, heat or cool solutions and measure liquid volume in mL. They have very poor accuracy and should only be used to estimate volumes. 5 Erlenmeyer Flask Like beakers, Erlenmeyer flasks can be used to mix, dissolve solids into solutions, and heat or cool solutions. Unlike beakers, Erlenmeyer flasks were developed for swirling solutions with minimum loss and they can be plugged with stoppers and used to catch vapor or condensed liquid. Their graduations are not very accurate. 6 Graduated Cylinder Graduated Cylinders are used to more accurately measure volumes of liquids in milliliters (mL). Measurement readings should be taken at eye level from the bottom of the meniscus, the concave curved surface formed at the top of the liquid. 7 Volumetric Flask A Volumetric Flask is used to accurately prepare solutions. A weighed amount of solid chemical is placed at the bottom, and the liquid solvent is added until the fill line is reached. The volumetric flask shown here is used to prepare a 250-mL solution at the fill line. 8 Pipet (Pipette) Pipets are used to measure or transfer liquids. Mohr pipets (shown) are graduated pipets used for precise measurement. A pipet pump (top) or a pipet bulb (bottom) is attached to the end of the pipet to help draw up and release liquid. 9 Micropipet (Micropipette) A micropipet is a precise method used to transfer small volumes of liquids in chemical, biological and medical laboratories. Pressin g on a plunger button at the top of the micropipet will pull the liquid in, and a second press will dispense it. The tips are disposable. 10 Dropper A dropper is a glass tube with a hollow rubber bulb at one end and a small opening at the other, for drawing in a liquid and expelling it in drops. 11 Buret (Burette) A Buret is an extremely accurate device with a stopcock at the bottom used to measure volumes of reagents. Burets are often used to determine the concentration of a solution by dispensing a solution with a known concentration in a process known as titration. (Shown with Ring Stand and Double Buret Clamp) 12 Ring Stand A ring stand is a metal stand consisti ng of a long upright rod attached to a heavy rectangular base that is used with rings and clamps for supporting laboratory apparatus. 13 Double Buret Clamp A double buret clamp is attached to a ring stand to hold up to two burets. 14 Support Ring An iron support ring is mounted to a ring stand and is used in chemistry labs to stabilize flasks, beakers and other glassware and support them over the work area. 15 Test Tube Clamp A test tube clamp is attached to a ring stand and is used to hold test tubes and other cylindrical pieces of equipment such as burets, gas collection tubes, data-collection probes, etc. 16 Test Tube Rack Test tube racks are used for holding test tubes upright when they contain chemicals, and also hold test tubes upside down to dry. They can be made of wood, metal, or plastic. 17 Test Tube Test tubes are narrow glass cylinders, closed at one end, that are used for mixing, heating, and storing small quantities of chemicals. They are usually made of a type of glass (such as Pyrex®) that can withstand high temperatures. Test tubes come in many different sizes. 18 Test Tube Brush A test tube brush is used for cleaning test tubes and narrow mouth laboratory glassware, such as beakers and flasks. 19 Funnel Funnels are used to pour liquids into narrow- mouth containers such as flasks and bottles. Buchner funnels (pictured right) are special two-piece funnels for filtering mixtures through filter paper into a filtering flask. 20 Mortar and Pestle A mortar and pestle is a device used since ancient times to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder. The mortar is a bowl, typically made of hard wood, ceramic or stone. 21 Crucible and Cover A crucible is used to heat solid chemicals over a burner at high temperatures. They are made from heat- resistant ceramics to prevent breakage. A cover is used to contain any smoke particles. 22 Clay Triangle A clay triangle is used to hold a crucible while it is being heated. 23 Watch Glass Watch glasses can be used to cover beakers, evaporate water from solutions, weigh out solid chemicals, or observe samples under a stereo microscope. 24 Evaporating Dish An evaporating dish is used to separate water and solids from a solution by allowing the water to evaporate off into the air. This is usually done by heating the evaporating dish over a burner or hot plate. 25 Bunsen Burner A Bunsen burner is attached to a gas line and lit to provide heat for performing experiments. 26 Hot Plate Hot plates are generally used to heat glassware or its contents. Some hot plates also contain a magnetic stirrer, allowing the heated liquid to be stirred automatically. 27 Hot Mitt A hot mitt is used to grip and transfer hot glassware. 28 Wire Gauze A Wire gauze is a sheet of thin metal that has net-like crosses or a wire mesh. The purpose of wire gauze is to be placed on the support ring that is attached to the ring stand between the Bunsen burner and the beakers to diffuse the heat and to support the beakers or other glassware or flasks during heating. 29 Test Tube Holder A test tube holder is used to hold and transport hot test tubes. 30 Crucible Tongs Crucible tongs are used to hold and transport hot crucibles. 31 Beaker Tongs Beaker tongs are used to hold and transport hot beakers. They have a plastic coating which should be kept away from heat/flames. 32 Weigh Boat A weigh boat is an open container, often disposable, used for weighin g samples. 33 Scoopula (Metal Scoop) A scoopula, or metal scoop, is an instrument used to transfer solids from one place to another.34 Top-Loading Balance Electronic balances are used to measure the mass of substances accurately. The balance is calibrated so that the amount of resistance placed on the balance pan corresponds to a given mass value (which is then displayed on the LCD readout). Top-Loading balances can Do not place chemicals directly on the usually mass substances to balance pan. Use a weigh boat. the nearest gram, tenth of a gram or hundredth of a 35 gram. Analytical Balance Analytical balances are much more precise and cost much more than top- loading balances. They are sensitive to vibrations (be still and do not lean on the lab bench) and to air flow (close the glass doors). Most of the analytical balances provided by AL Science in Motion can mass substances to 4 decimal places (0.0001g). 36 Well Plate The well plate is a flat plate tha t looks like a tray with multiple well s that are used as small test tubes. 37 Forceps Forceps (tweezers) are a handheld, hinged instrument used for grasping and holding objects. Forceps are used when fingers are too large to grasp small objects or when many objects need to be held at one time while the hands are used to perform a task. 38 Thermometer A thermometer is used to measure temperature in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. Most sold today are filled with alcohol instead of mercury. 39 Ruler A metric ruler, also called a rule or, especially in the printing industry, a line gauge, is a measuring instrument used in technical drawing, geometry, engineering, printing and construction to rule straight lines and calculate distances in centimeters and inches. 40 Stirring Rod Stirring rods are used to stir mixtures and facilitate the pouring of liquids. Stirring rods are usually made of glass. 41 Wash Bottle A wash bottle is used to store and dispense distilled or deionized water. 42 Goggles Goggles are to be worn to protect your eyes when handling chemicals or glass. Make sure that there is a good seal at the forehead to prevent chemical splashes from running down into your eyes. 43 Apron An apron is personal protection equipment (PPE) worn to protect clothing from chemical spills. 44 VOCABULARY 45 MATTER • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume). • Density is the amount of matter in a given volume. • Density = Mass / Volume , units: g/mL or g/cm3 • Matter is either a mixture or it is a pure substance. • Mixtures can be classified into two categories – • Homogeneous mixtures (the same throughout; solutions) • Heterogeneous mixtures (different throughout). • Pure substances can be classified into two categories – • Elements (made of only one type of atom) • Compounds (made of two or more elements chemically combined) 46 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER • Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. • Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter. • Some physical properties depend on the amount of the substance being used and some do not. • Examples of Physical Properties • appearance • texture • color • odor • melting & boiling points • density • solubility • and many others. 47 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER • Chemical properties are any of the properties of matter that may only be observed and measured by performing a chemical change or chemical reaction.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Set up for Heating Kcl + Kcloз
    Set Up for heating KCl + KClOз Crucible with unknown mixture plus MnO₂ Extension clamp Bunsen Burner To Gas Line Set Up for heating KCl + KClOз by Ashley Kajioka is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Procedure: Obtain a porcelain crucible, crucible lid, and a clay triangle. Clean the crucible, removing any loose particulate matter, and check the crucible for cracks. It is not necessary to remove all debris from the crucible as most of it has been fused to the porcelain and cannot be removed. In you fume hood, set up the apparatus as shown in Figure 5. a . b. e. Figure 5: Crucible setup d. a. Ring stand b. Crucible lid c. Iron ring d. Clay triangle c. e. Crucible “Lab Instructions” by Ashley Kajioka is licensed under CC BY 4.0 Using your crucible tongs, practice the following techniques on the cool crucible: Lifting the lid from the crucible Placing the lid ajar so that the crucible is slightly open, but the lid will not fall off, as in Figure 5. Quickly, but gently, pushing the lid from its ajar position to completely cover the crucible Lifting the crucible, with its lid, from the clay triangle Carrying the crucible and lid while supporting from underneath with your wire gauze. Practicing these techniques may seem silly, but it is worth your time to do so. Would you rather repeat a trial because you dropped a crucible, shattering it into a million pieces? With your covered crucible in the clay triangle, fire the crucible for 3-5 minutes.
    [Show full text]
  • ARC Laboratory Manual for Architectural Conservators
    A LABORATORY MANUAL FOR ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATORS Jeanne Marie Teutonico ICCROM Rome 1988 CONTENTS Foreword v Preface vii General Principles: Laboratory Science 1. Sampling 3 2. Measurement and Error: Precision, Accuracy, Statistics 7 3. Measurement: Mass (Use of the Balance) 11 4. Measurement: Length (Use of the Vernier Caliper and Micrometer) 16 5. Measurement: Volume 21 6. Measurement: Solutions 26 7. Measurement: pH 30 Porous Building Materials 8. Water Absorption by Total Immersion 35 9. Water Drop Absorption 41 10. Penetration of Water: Capillary Action 43 11. Porosity of Granular Beds 45 12. Porosity in Solids: Indirect Measurement by Water Absorption 50 13. Porosity in Solids: Hydrostatic Weighing 52 14. Movement of Salts 56 15. Salt Crystallization 57 16. Qualitative Analysis of Water-soluble Salts and This publication was printed with a generous Carbonates 58 contribution from the government of 17. Semiquantititive Analysis of Water-soluble Salts 68 Finland. Earthen Building Materials 18A. Particle Size Analysis: Part I Sieving Procedure 73 ISBN 92-9077-083-X Via di San Michele 13 00153 Rome RM, Italy Printed in Italy III Earthen Building Materials (continued) FOREWORD 18B. Particle Size Analysis: Part II Sedimentation Procedure: Hydrometer Method 83 19. Plastic Limit of Soils 96 After his appointment as director of ICCROM in 1977, Sir Bernard FEILDEN proposed to emphasize the interdisciplinary 20. Liquid Limit of Soils 102 character of conservation by introducing scientists to field work and architects to laboratories. Consequently it was decided to introduce a series of laboratory exercises Stone. Brick and Mortars designed for the needs of architectural conservators and conservation architects in the program of the International 21.
    [Show full text]
  • Simple Chemical Experiments Simple Chemical Experiments
    SIMPLE CHEMICAL EXPERIMENTS SIMPLE CHEMICAL EXPERIMENTS By ALFRED MORGAN Illustrated by THE AUTHOR APPLETON-CENTURY-CROFTS, INC. NEW YORK COPYRIGHT, 1941, BY D. APPLETON-CENTURY COMPANY, INC All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. YOUR LABORATORY i II. EXPERIMENTS WITH PRECIPITATES .... 26 III. EXPERIMENTS WITH SULFUR AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS 54 IV. EXPERIMENTS WITH OXYGEN AND OXYGEN COM­ POUNDS 73 V. EXPERIMENTS WITH GASES AND SOME OF THEIR COMPOUNDS 103 VI. CHEMICAL TESTS 123 VII. SAFE "FIREWORKS" 144 VIII. EXPERIMENTS WITH A FEW ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 156 IX. CHEMICAL TRICKS AND MAGIC 170 X. MISCELLANEOUS EXPERIMENTS 186 XI. PRACTICAL USES FOR YOUR CHEMICAL KNOWL­ EDGE 214 XII. THE CHEMICALS YOU WILL NEED . .231 INDEX OF CHEMICALS 259 GENERAL INDEX 263 V SIMPLE CHEMICAL EXPERIMENTS *> CHAPTER I I YOUR LABORATORY I OST of the experiments described in this book can be M performed without elaborate equipment or apparatus. | For them you will need only a few bottles, test-tubes, meas- i uring-spoons, and an alcohol lamp. Jelly glasses, mayonnaise f jars, small enameled saucepans, and thin glass tumblers can | often be substituted for the beakers, flasks, and glassware of I the professional chemist. t A few of the experiments require beakers, flasks, tubing, | funnels, filter paper, crucibles, mortar and pestle, and Bunsen I burner. The small sizes of these are not expensive. Frequently the cost of apparatus and chemicals can be shared by estab­ lishing a "community" laboratory which is used by two or more experimenters.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Equipment Reference Sheet
    Laboratory Equipment Stirring Rod: Reference Sheet: Iron Ring: Description: Glass rod. Uses: To stir combinations; To use in pouring liquids. Evaporating Dish: Description: Iron ring with a screw fastener; Several Sizes Uses: To fasten to the ring stand as a support for an apparatus Description: Porcelain dish. Buret Clamp/Test Tube Clamp: Uses: As a container for small amounts of liquids being evaporated. Glass Plate: Description: Metal clamp with a screw fastener, swivel and lock nut, adjusting screw, and a curved clamp. Uses: To hold an apparatus; May be fastened to a ring stand. Mortar and Pestle: Description: Thick glass. Uses: Many uses; Should not be heated Description: Heavy porcelain dish with a grinder. Watch Glass: Uses: To grind chemicals to a powder. Spatula: Description: Curved glass. Uses: May be used as a beaker cover; May be used in evaporating very small amounts of Description: Made of metal or porcelain. liquid. Uses: To transfer solid chemicals in weighing. Funnel: Triangular File: Description: Metal file with three cutting edges. Uses: To scratch glass or file. Rubber Connector: Description: Glass or plastic. Uses: To hold filter paper; May be used in pouring Description: Short length of tubing. Medicine Dropper: Uses: To connect parts of an apparatus. Pinch Clamp: Description: Glass tip with a rubber bulb. Uses: To transfer small amounts of liquid. Forceps: Description: Metal clamp with finger grips. Uses: To clamp a rubber connector. Test Tube Rack: Description: Metal Uses: To pick up or hold small objects. Beaker: Description: Rack; May be wood, metal, or plastic. Uses: To hold test tubes in an upright position.
    [Show full text]
  • Flinn Scientific 2019 Purchase Guide a Quick and Easy Checklist of Science Essentials
    Flinn Scientific 2019 Purchase Guide A Quick and Easy Checklist of Science Essentials Use this Purchase Guide as a handy tool for: • Taking Inventory • Order Preparation • Budget Management • Future Planning See your Flinn Scientific Catalog/Reference Manual SCIENTIFIC or visit www.flinnsci.com for product details. It’s Easy to Order Tom Trapp from Flinn Scientific! National Account Development Consultant [email protected] www.flinnsci.com/tom-trapp/sa1001 Online 402-960-5578 (mobile) www.flinnsci.com Offering personal assistance to help meet your science curriculum, supply, and lab safety needs. Email [email protected] Quality Products, Fast Delivery, Fax and Low Prices Guaranteed 1-866-452-1436 (toll free) Mail Flinn Scientific, Inc. P.O. Box 219 Batavia, IL 60510-0219 Phone 1-800-452-1261 7:30 am to 5:00 pm CT Monday through Friday Our Guarantee Flinn Scientific, Inc. guarantees that no sale is complete unless the customer is satisfied. Every item we furnish will either conform to the catalog specification, or we will ask your permission, prior to shipment, to ship an alternative product. If you find a lower published nationally advertised catalog price for an identical item, Flinn will “meet or beat” that price. Use this purchase guide containing popular product recommendations ©2019 Flinn Scientific, Inc. All Rights Reserved. to prepare your order, take inventory, and manage your budget. 1 www.flinnsci.com Flinn Scientific 2019 Purchase Guide 1 Item Rec. Item Rec. Product / Item Name Qty 2019 Price Total Product / Item Name Qty 2019 Price Total No. Qty No. Qty Safety & Personal Protection Equipment Aspirator, Water, Polypropylene AP1203 1 $ 19.30 $ - Apron, rubberized, 27" W X 36" L AP7125 30 $ 15.00 $ - Autoclave, Electric, Portable AP1004 1 $ 865.20 $ - Apron, plastic, 30" W x 36" L AP7120 30 $ 7.25 $ - ♦ Balance, Flinn Triple Beam OB2181 $ 115.00 $ - Gloves, Butyl rubber for conc.
    [Show full text]
  • Flinn Scientific 2017 Purchase Guide a Quick and Easy Checklist of Science Essentials
    Flinn Scientific 2017 Purchase Guide A Quick and Easy Checklist of Science Essentials $25 Coupon Inside Use this Purchase Guide as a handy tool for: • Taking Inventory • Order Preparation • Budget Management • Future Planning See your Flinn Science Catalog Reference Manual SCIENTIFIC or visit www.flinnsci.com for product details. It’s Easy to Order FLINN 2017 Purchase Guide Coupon $25 from Flinn Scientific! Use the Flinn 2017 Purchase Guide and Save $25. How to use: Attach this coupon to your purchase order, write code #FL7012 on your purchase order or enter in the coupon SAVE Online code field of your online order. $25 www.flinnsci.com Valid toward any order of $200 or more. Offer expires December 31, 2017. P.O. Box 219, Batavia, IL 60510 $ 1-800-452-1261, www.flinnsci.com 25 ©2017 Flinn Scientific, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Flinn Coupon #FL7012 Email [email protected] Quality Products, Fast Delivery, Fax and Low Prices Guaranteed 1-866-452-1436 (toll free) Mail Flinn Scientific, Inc. P.O. Box 219 Batavia, IL 60510-0219 Phone 1-800-452-1261 7:30 am to 5:00 pm CT Monday through Friday Our Guarantee Flinn Scientific, Inc. guarantees that no sale is complete unless the customer is satisfied. Every item we furnish will either conform to the catalog specification, or we will ask your permission, prior to shipment, to ship an alternative product. If you find a lower published nationally advertised catalog price for an identical item, Flinn will “meet or beat” that price. Use this purchase guide containing popular product recommendations ©2017 Flinn Scientific, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • High School Chemistry
    RECOMMENDED MINIMUM CORE INVENTORY TO SUPPORT STANDARDS-BASED INSTRUCTION HIGH SCHOOL GRADES SCIENCES High School Chemistry Quantity per Quantity per lab classroom/ Description group adjacent work area SAFETY EQUIPMENT 2 Acid storage cabinet (one reserved exclusively for nitric acid) 1 Chemical spill kit 1 Chemical storage reference book 5 Chemical waste containers (Categories: corrosives, flammables, oxidizers, air/water reactive, toxic) 1 Emergency shower 1 Eye wash station 1 Fire blanket 1 Fire extinguisher 1 First aid kit 1 Flammables cabinet 1 Fume hood 1/student Goggles 1 Goggles sanitizer (holds 36 pairs of goggles) 1/student Lab aprons COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING 1 Television or digital projector 1 VGA Adapters for various digital devices EQUIPMENT/SUPPLIES 1 box Aluminum foil 100 Assorted rubber stoppers 1 Balance, analytical (0.001g precision) 5 Balance, electronic or manual (0.01g precision) 1 pkg of 50 Balloons, latex 4 Beakers, 50 mL 4 Beakers, 100 mL 2 Beakers, 250 mL Developed by California Science Teachers Association to support the implementation of the California Next Generation Science Standards. Approved by the CSTA Board of Directors November 17, 2015. Quantity per Quantity per lab classroom/ Description group adjacent work area 2 Beakers, 400 or 600 mL 1 Beakers, 1000 mL 1 Beaker tongs 1 Bell jar 4 Bottle, carboy round, LDPE 10 L 4 Bottle, carboy round, LDPE 4 L 10 Bottle, narrow mouth, 1000 mL 20 Bottle, narrow mouth, 125 mL 20 Bottle, narrow mouth, 250 mL 20 Bottle, narrow mouth, 500 mL 10 Bottle, wide mouth, 125
    [Show full text]
  • Chemistry M11 Laboratory Manual
    Chemistry M11 Laboratory Manual Laboratory Experiments for General, Organic, and Biochemistry Compiled by the Department of Chemistry at Moorpark College Version 2.0 Fall 2020 – Present NH2 O O CN NH2 N N Co The Vitamin B molecule shown is useful in the treatment of N N 12 H2N pernicious anemia and other diseases. Enzymes derived from O O vitamin B12 accelerate a large range of important reactions NH2 including those involved in producing red blood cells. HN O N HO N O O P O O O CH2OH Moorpark College Department of Chemistry Chemistry 11 Lab Manual Table of Contents Laboratory Experiments Page Number Experiment 1 – Separation of Copper(II) Sulfate from Sand ............................................. 3 Experiment 2 – Measurements............................................................................................ 6 Experiment 3 – Properties of Solutions ............................................................................ 13 Experiment 4 – Double Displacement Reactions ............................................................. 20 Experiment 5 – Single Displacement Reactions ............................................................... 25 Experiment 6 – Precipitation of Strontium Sulfate ........................................................... 29 Experiment 7 – Ionization and the Nature of Acids, Bases, and Salts .............................. 33 Experiment 8 – Acid/Base Titrations ................................................................................ 42 Experiment 9 – Structure in Inorganic & Organic
    [Show full text]
  • Corning's Care and Safe Handling of Glassware Application Note
    Care and Safe Handling of Laboratory Glassware Care and Safe Handling of Laboratory Glassware CONTENTS Glass: The Invisible Container . 1 Glass Technical Data . 2 PYREX ® Glassware . 2 PYREXPLUS ® Glassware . 2 PYREX Low Actinic Glassware . 2 VYCOR ® Glassware . 2 Suggestions for Safe Use of PYREX Glassware . 3 Safely Using Chemicals . 3 Safely Handling Glassware . 3 Heating and Cooling . 4 Autoclaving . 4 Mixing and Stirring . 5 Using Stopcocks . 5 Joining and Separating Glass Apparatus . 5 Using Rubber Stoppers . 6 Vacuum Applications . 6 Suggestions for Safe Use of PYREXPLUS Glassware . 6 Exposure to Heat . 7 Exposure to Cold . 7 Exposure to Chemicals . 7 Exposure to Ultraviolet . 7 Exposure to Microwave . 7 Exposure to Vacuum . 7 Autoclaving . 7 Labeling and Marking . 8 Suggestions for Safe Use of Fritted Glassware . 8 Selecting Fritted Glassware . 8 Proper Care of Fritted Ware . 8 Suggestions for Safe Use of Volumetric Glassware . 9 Types of Volumetric Glassware . 9 Calibrated Glassware Markings . 9 Reading Volumetric Glassware . 9 Suggestions for Cleaning and Storing Glassware . 10 Safety Considerations . 10 Cleaning PYREX Glassware . 10 Cleaning PYREXPLUS Glassware . 12 Cleaning Cell Culture Glassware . 12 Rinsing, Drying and Storing Glassware . 13 Glass Terminology . 13 Care and Safe Handling of Laboratory Glassware GLASS: THE INVISIBLE MATERIAL Q PYREX glassware comes in a wide variety of laboratory shapes, sizes and degrees of accuracy — a design to meet From the 16th century to today, chemical researchers have used every experimental need. glass containers for a very basic reason: the glass container is transparent, almost invisible and so its contents and reactions While we feel PYREX laboratory glassware is the best all- within it are clearly visible.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Equipment Used in Filtration
    KNOW YOUR LAB EQUIPMENTS Test tube A test tube, also known as a sample tube, is a common piece of laboratory glassware consisting of a finger-like length of glass or clear plastic tubing, open at the top and closed at the bottom. Beakers Beakers are used as containers. They are available in a variety of sizes. Although they often possess volume markings, these are only rough estimates of the liquid volume. The markings are not necessarily accurate. Erlenmeyer flask Erlenmeyer flasks are often used as reaction vessels, particularly in titrations. As with beakers, the volume markings should not be considered accurate. Volumetric flask Volumetric flasks are used to measure and store solutions with a high degree of accuracy. These flasks generally possess a marking near the top that indicates the level at which the volume of the liquid is equal to the volume written on the outside of the flask. These devices are often used when solutions containing dissolved solids of known concentration are needed. Graduated cylinder Graduated cylinders are used to transfer liquids with a moderate degree of accuracy. Pipette Pipettes are used for transferring liquids with a fixed volume and quantity of liquid must be known to a high degree of accuracy. Graduated pipette These Pipettes are calibrated in the factory to release the desired quantity of liquid. Disposable pipette Disposable transfer. These Pipettes are made of plastic and are useful for transferring liquids dropwise. Burette Burettes are devices used typically in analytical, quantitative chemistry applications for measuring liquid solution. Differing from a pipette since the sample quantity delivered is changeable, graduated Burettes are used heavily in titration experiments.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemistry 2A Lab Manual Standard Operating Procedures Winter Quarter 2018
    Chemistry 2A Lab Manual Standard Operating Procedures Winter Quarter 2018 Department of Chemistry University of California - Davis Davis, CA 95616 Student Name Locker # Laboratory Information Teaching Assistant’s Name Laboratory Section Number Laboratory Room Number Dispensary Room Number 1060 Sciences Lab Building Location of Safety Equipment Nearest to Your Laboratory Safety Shower Eye Wash Fountain Fire Extinguisher Fire Alarm Safety Chemicals Revision Date 12/1/2017 Preface Chemistry is an experimental science. Thus, it is important that students of chemistry do experiments in the laboratory to more fully understand that the theories they study in lecture and in their textbook are developed from the critical evaluation of experimental data. The laboratory can also aid the student in the study of the science by clearly illustrating the principles and concepts involved. Finally, laboratory experimentation allows students the opportunity to develop techniques and other manipulative skills that students of science must master. The faculty of the Chemistry Department at UC Davis clearly understands the importance of laboratory work in the study of chemistry. The Department is committed to this component of your education and hopes that you will take full advantage of this opportunity to explore the science of chemistry. A unique aspect of this laboratory program is that a concerted effort has been made to use environmentally less toxic or non-toxic materials in these experiments. This was not only done to protect students but also to lessen the impact of this program upon the environment. This commitment to the environment has presented an enormous challenge, as many traditional experiments could not be used due to the negative impact of the chemicals involved.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemistry 50 and 51 Laboratory Manual General Information
    Chemistry 50 and 51 Laboratory Manual General Information Mt. San Antonio College Chemistry Department 2019 - 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE………………………………………………………………………..………..… 1 GENERAL INFORMATION Safety………………..………………………..…………………………………INFORMATION….……… 3 Equipment……………………………………..……………………………….………….. 9 Techniques………………………………………………………………………………… 13 Heating……………………………………...……………………………….…..….… 13 Cleaning and Labeling Glassware……….……………………….........……........…... 14 Reading Analog Scales…………………………………………………..……….…... 14 Volumetric Flasks………………………………………………………..……….…... 15 Graduated Cylinders.………………………………………………………………..… 15 Volumetric Pipets……………………………………..…………………………..…... 16 Graduated Pipets……………….……………………..………………………….…… 16 Burets………………………….………………..………………..………..….………. 18 Analytical Balances…………………………………………………….……….…….. 19 Solution Preparation…………………………………………..……………….….…... 20 Percent Concentration....……………………………………………….……….…….. 20 Molarity……………………………………………………………………………….. 21 Dilution……………………………………………………………...………………… 22 Titration ………………………………………………………………....…………..... 23 Vacuum Filtration……………………….…………………………………..…….…… 24 Spectrophotometry and Beer’s Law…………………………………..…………..…... 25 Measurement of pH………………………………………………….….….……..…... 27 Pasco Spectrometer……………………………………..…………………...….…… 28 Vernier Go Direct Sensors ………………………..…………………...….………….. 31 Notebook…………………………………………………………….….………..……...... 35 Precision and Accuracy……………………………………………………….………....... 37 Spreadsheet and Graphing with Excel…..…………………..…………..……………....... 46 EXPERIMENTS PREFACE The laboratory
    [Show full text]