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Johann Hermann Schein and Musica Poetica: a Study of the Application of Musical-Rhetorical Figures .In the Spiritual Madrigals O

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Johann Hermann Schein and Musica Poetica: a Study of the Application of Musical-Rhetorical Figures .In the Spiritual Madrigals O JOHANN HERMANN SCHEIN AND MUSICA POETICA: A STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF MUSICAL-RHETORICAL FIGURES .IN THE SPIRITUAL MADRIGALS OF THE ISRAELSBR&NNLEIN (1623) by GREGORY SCOTT JOHNSTON B. Mus., University of Calgary, 1979 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Music) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA August, 1982 ©Gregory Scott Johnston, 1982 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of Music The University of British Columbia 1956 Main Mall Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Y3 Date September 10, 1982 DE-6 (3/81) ABSTRACT The present study examines the musical-rhetorical figures of the of the 17th-century Figuventehve as they are applied to the spiritual madrigals of Johann Hermann Schein's Israelsbrunnlein (1623). Although analogies between music and text had been made long before the turn of the 17th century, it was not until Schein's own lifetime that a codified list of musical parallels to the classical rhetorical figures of oratory was compiled by Joachim Burmeister in 1599. The consequent effect of the Fi-guvenlehve on ..music composition (musica poetica) during the remainder of the Baroque period was such that this prototypical list of musical- rhetorical figures underwent constant revision and expansion during the next one hundred and fifty years. Schein wrote at least one treatise on the subject of music composi• tion which may very well have treated the subject of musical rhetoric. But owing to the disappearance of this manuscript, it is necessary to examine Schein's own background, assessing the pertinent elements of his own musical and rhetorical education, in order to amass sufficient his• torical..evidence to justify a musical-rhetorical analysis of his spiritual madrigals. This study presents an abundance of substantiating evidence to support an analysis of this nature with regard to his through-composed works. The figures applied to Schein's works in this thesis are derived ii from contemporary 17th-century German treatises, and the results of the analyses show that musical-rhetorical figures pervade the entire compo• sition, either as rhetorical figures of decoration or as figures of struc• tural significance. In both cases, though, the prevailing musical-rhe• torical figures parallel at all times the affect or rhetoric expressed in the sacred texts, showing ultimately the coalescent properties of the musical-rhetorical figures. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF EXAMPLES. , . v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii Chapter I. INTRODUCTION . 1 II. JOHANN HERMANN SCHEIN: HIS BACKGROUND IN MUSICA POETICA AND RHETORIC 17 III. MUSICAL-RHETORICAL ANALYSIS OF SCHEIN'S SPIRITUAL MADRIGALS 42 IV. CONCLUSIONS 73 BIBLIOGRAPHY 76 iv LIST OF EXAMPLES 1. Schein: Isvaetsbvunnlei-n, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 1-7. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 47 2. Schein: Israelsbvimnlein, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 8-12. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. .Reprinted by permission 48 3. Schein: Isvaelsbvunnlein, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 12-17. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission . 51 4. Schein: Israelsbriinnlein, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 18-21. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 54 5. Schein: Israelsbrunnlein, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 22-26. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 55 6. Schein: Israetsbrimnlein, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 26-32. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 56 7. Schein: Israelsbrunnlein, Die mit Tranen s'aen, measures 32-38. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 58 8. Schein: IsvaetsbvunnZein, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 38-44. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 58 9. Schein: Isvaetsbvunnlein, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 44-51. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 59 10. Schein: Isvaelsbvunn'le'ln, Die mit Tranen saen, measures 51-54. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 61 11. 5Schein: IsvaelsbvunnZe-in, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 1-7. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission ,63 v 12. Schein: Israetsbrunnle-in, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 11-17. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 64 13. Schein: Isvaelsbviinnlein, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 18-23. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission . 65 14. Schein: Israelsbrunnle-in, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 24-26. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 66 15. Schein: Isvaelsbvunnlein, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 27-33. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 67 16. Schein: Israelsbriinnlein, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 34-39. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 68 17. Schein: Israelsbrunnlein, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 40-44. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission. 69 18. Schein: Israetsbrunntein, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 44-50. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 70 19. Schein: Israelsbvunrile%n, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 51-58. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 70 20. Schein: Israelsbvunnlein, Siehe, nach Trost war mir sehr bange, measures 59-65. Copyright 1963 by Barenreiter-Verlag, Kassel and Basel. Reprinted by permission 71 vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The writer expresses his thanks to the faculty members of the Music History division in the Department of Music, all of whom have contributed much to his understanding of music, and whose generous counsel has al• ways been appreciated. The faculty and staff of the Music Library, too, are gratefully acknowledged for their kind and efficient service. Finally, the author extends his sincere gratitude to the members of his committee, especially to Professor Gregory G. Butler, whose own work it was which first kindled an interest in the area of musical rhetoric, and whose pa• tient supervision and thoughtful suggestions have been invaluable in the completion of this thesis. vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Johann Hermann Schein, Samuel Scheldt and Heinrich Schutz are fre• quently referred to collectively as the "three S's" of the German Baroque. As early as 1690, the trio is described as the "three famous S's" in Wolfgang Caspar Printz's Histovische Beschveibung der edlen Sing- und Klingkunst,^ but the passage of time has resulted in a distorted perspec• tive of music history, causing Schein and Scheidt to be unjustly eclipsed by Schutz. Certainly Schutz's studies in Italy under Giovanni Gabrieli, and his long and prolific musical career account for some of the addi• tional modern studies, but to epitomize him as the paragon of 17th-century German music is inconsistent with the opinions held by even his own con• temporaries. One must bear in mind that these three composers, as at• tested to by Printz and others, constituted a virtual musical triumvirate in Germany at the turn of the 17th century. These three'musicians were as successful as their profession, would allow, acquiring for'them the :more prestigious musical appointments in' the•Electorate of Saxony: Scheidt served as the Hofkapellmeister inithe :city of HalleSchutz.succeeded Rogier Michael as the Hofkapellmeister in Dresden; and Schein was ulti- 1. W. C. Printz, Historisohe Besohveibung der edlen Sing- und Kling- kunst (Dresden, 1690), p. 137. "drey Beriihmte S." 1 2 v mately appointed to the position of Thomaskantor in Leipzig, a century before Johann Sebastian Bach was to assume that same post. In order to regain a historical equilibrium with respect to these three German com• posers, further investigation into the achievements of Scheidt and Schein 2 is necessary. The present study will focus on the relationship between the music and text in the spiritual madrigals of Schein's Israelsbrunn- lein (1623), using the precepts of the Figurenlehre as the principal 3 ' nexus in relating these two elements. In many instances, the literary 2. The most significant studies to date which deal exclusively with J. H. Schein and his music include A. Priifer, Johan Herman Schein (Leipzig: Breitkopf & Hartel, 1895), which stands as the most comprehen• sive and exhaustive biography of Schein; I. Hueck, "Die kiinstlerische Entwicklung J. H. Scheins dargestellt an seinen geistlichen Werken" (Ph.D. diss., Freiburg University, 1943), in which Schein's stylistic developments are examined in terms of
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