DOCSLIB.ORG

Understanding the Paradoxical Experiences of Indigeneity in Izalco, El Salvador

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Understanding the Paradoxical Experiences of Indigeneity in Izalco, El Salvador Understanding the Paradoxical Experiences of Indigeneity in Izalco, El Salvador Juan Gualberto Melara Pineda Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctorate in Philosophy degree in Political Science Political Studies Faculty of Social Sciences University of Ottawa ©Juan Gualberto Melara Pineda, Ottawa, Canada, 2017 Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ v Acronyms and Abbreviations ..................................................................................................... vi Glossary ...................................................................................................................................... viii Maps .............................................................................................................................................. ix Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... x Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Why El Salvador?............................................................................................................. 4 1.1.2 Researching Indigenous Identities in El Salvador .................................................. 16 1.2 “La Lucha Contra la Invisibilidad” (The Struggle Against Invisibility) ...................... 18 1.3 Research Question and Argument .................................................................................. 21 1.4 Outline of Chapters ........................................................................................................ 23 Chapter 2: Theoretical Framework .......................................................................................... 25 2.1 Theoretical Problem ....................................................................................................... 25 2.2 Different Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Indigeneity ...................................... 32 2.2.1 Defining Indigenous Identities ................................................................................ 32 2.2.2 Institutional Approaches to Indigenous Politics ..................................................... 37 2.2.3 Quantifying Indigeneity .......................................................................................... 42 2.2.4 Materialist Approaches to Indigenous Politics ....................................................... 44 2.3 Theoretical Foundations: Decolonial Approaches and Buen Vivir ................................ 51 2.4 The Colonization of Knowledge .................................................................................... 54 2.5 Visuality and Regimes of Representation ...................................................................... 58 2.5.1 Colonial Representations of the Other .................................................................... 60 2.6 Cultural Tourism and Coloniality .................................................................................. 64 2.6.1 Economic Integration and Coloniality .................................................................... 68 Chapter 3: Methodology............................................................................................................. 71 3.1 Interpretivist Political Ethnography ............................................................................... 71 3.2 Decoloniality .................................................................................................................. 76 3.3 Immersion in Izalco ........................................................................................................ 77 3.4 Site of Analysis: Why Izalco? ........................................................................................ 84 3.5 Fieldwork Time Period and Period of Analysis ............................................................. 87 ii 3.6 Interviews and Participant Observation ......................................................................... 88 3.7 Spaces and Indigeneity ................................................................................................... 93 3.8 Indigenous Activist Groups ............................................................................................ 95 3.9 Ethical Concerns ............................................................................................................ 97 Chapter 4: Historical Context.................................................................................................. 101 4.1 The Municipality of Izalco ........................................................................................... 101 4.1.1 Historical Antecedents .......................................................................................... 102 4.1.2 Land and Ethnicity in Izalco ................................................................................. 104 4.1.3 The 1932 Massacre ............................................................................................... 106 4.2 El Salvador’s Civil War ............................................................................................... 110 4.2.1 Indigenous Politics during the Civil War.............................................................. 112 Chapter 5: Experiencing Indigeneity in Izalco through Public Celebrations: Contrasts and Ambivalences ............................................................................................................................. 114 5.1 La Cofradía: Historical Context .................................................................................. 116 5.2 Día de la Cruz in Izalco ............................................................................................... 121 5.2.1 Experiencing Indigeneity through Cofradías........................................................ 123 5.2.2 Indigenous / Religious Figures ............................................................................. 126 5.2.3 Celebrating Día de la Cruz ................................................................................... 128 5.3 Divergent Experiences of Indigeneity: Casa de la Cultura de Izalco.......................... 132 5.3.1 Overview of Casas de la Cultura ......................................................................... 133 5.3.2 Casa de la Cultura in Izalco ................................................................................. 134 5.3.3 Día de la Cruz at Casa de la Cultura ................................................................... 139 5.4 Rethinking Indigenous Identities ................................................................................ 141 5.4.1 The Politics of Indigenous Identification .............................................................. 141 Chapter 6: Old Wives’ Tales? Storytelling and Discursive Mestizaje in Izalco ................. 149 6.1 Discursive Mestizaje .................................................................................................... 151 6.2 Colonization and devaluation of indigenous beliefs in El Salvador ............................ 152 6.2.1 Devaluation of indigenous beliefs as a literary and political process ................... 155 6.3 Indigenous Narratives in Izalco.................................................................................... 167 6.3.1 Agricultural Production, Vegetation and Nature .................................................. 169 6.3.2 Contemporary Storytellers in Izalco ..................................................................... 170 6.4 Izalco: Ciudad Mágica ................................................................................................. 173 6.4.1 Pablo and Melida .................................................................................................. 175 iii 6.4.2 Juana ..................................................................................................................... 178 6.4.3 Fernanda ................................................................................................................ 180 6.4.4 Andres and Ramona .............................................................................................. 181 Chapter 7: Picturing Indians: Visual Representations in the Construction of Indigeneity in Izalco .......................................................................................................................................... 186 7.1 Dressing like an “Indian” ............................................................................................. 187 7.2 Representations of “Indian” Women............................................................................ 189 7.2.1 Public Representations of “Indian” Women ......................................................... 190 7.2.2 Private Representations of “Indian” Women ........................................................ 196 7.3 Representations of “Indian” Men ................................................................................. 202 7.3.1 Atonal, the Conquest Hero .................................................................................... 202 7.3.2 Indigeneity
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Evaluacion De Indicadores Socioeconomicos Del Municipio De
    VICERRECTORÍA DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y PROYECCIÓN SOCIAL DIRECCION DE INVESTIGACIONES Evaluación de indicadores socioeconómicos del municipio de Nahuizalco (casco urbano), departamento de Sonsonate, como prueba piloto para la implantación de un modelo de desarrollo local sostenible a mediano plazo ISBN 978-99923-21-59-1 Blanca Ruth Gálvez Rivas Carlos Rolando Barrios López Docentes investigadores Escuela de Negocios 2009 La presente investigación fue subvencionada de forma total por la Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador. Las solicitudes de información, separatas y otros documentos relativos al presente estudio pueden hacerlos a la dirección postal: Calle Arce, 1020, Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, Escuela de Negocios y Dirección de Investigaciones, en edificio José Martí , 2ª planta, o a los correos electrónicos [email protected] , [email protected] ÍNDICE Apartado Página 1- Resumen………………………………………………………………….…..…..3 2- Introducción……………………………………………………………………...4 3- Desarrollo económico…………………………………………………………....4 4- Desarrollo social…………………………………………………………..……...5 5- Medidas del proceso de descentralización…………………………………..…….12 6- Principales debilidades y fortalezas de los municipios………………………...13 a) Aspectos positivos del contexto nacional…………………………………...13 7- Desarrollo local……………………………………………………………….15 a) Los actores del desarrollo local……………………………………...17 b) Elementos conceptuales……………………………………………..18 c) Alianzas municipales fronterizos…………………………………....24 d) Problemas detectados en los municipios fronterizos de Centroamérica………………………………………………..…...25
    [Show full text]
  • Chronology of El Salvador's Civil War Pate
    --r r-------- was a dominant strategy. (Olsen's account of "privileged groups" or indi­ viduals in whose interest it was to provide the public good unilaterally recognizes this possibility.) Second, forsome, the evaluationof the benefits and costs depended on the numbers of others who were expected to partici­ Chronology of El Salvador's Civil War pate. Asmore collaborated so that action was collective and efficacious(and therefore both pleasurable and less risky), campesinos faced a coordination (assurance) game because the benefitsclearly justifiedongoing mobilization as long as sufficientlymany others did the same (but not otherwise). 1932 La Matanza: Tens of thousands of mostly indigenous people killed in aftermathof uprising. 1960s ORDEN set up in countryside. 1970 FPL is founded. 1970s Liberation theology practiced in some areas of the countryside. 1972 Christian Democrat Jose Napoleon Duarte wins presidential election, military intervenes, claims victory, and exiles Duarte. ERP is founded. 1975 A student march protesting the Miss Universe pageant is machine-gunned by security forces; at least 15 killed. Founding of the BPR. 1976 President Molina announces agrarian reform; subsequently defeated. 1979 May: Security forceskill 2 3 on steps of San Salvador cathedral. October: Coup by junior officers. 1980 January: Civilian members leave government as state violence against civilians continues; Christian DemocraticParty and mil­ itary join forces to formnew government. January 22: 20 killed and 200 wounded in largest demonstration in Salvadoran history. March: Agrarian reform (Phase I) carried out. March 24: Archbishop Oscar Arnulfo Romero assassinated. March 30: Government forces fire on Romero's funeral march, 35 killed. May: At least 3 00 campesino refugeesfleeing the Salvadoran army are killed by the Salvadoran and Honduran armies at the Sumpol River.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright by Brandt Gustav Peterson 2005
    Copyright by Brandt Gustav Peterson 2005 The Dissertation Committee for Brandt Gustav Peterson Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Unsettled Remains: Race, Trauma, and Nationalism in Millennial El Salvador Committee: Charles R. Hale Supervisor Richard R. Flores Edmund T. Gordon Jeffrey L. Gould Suzanna B. Hecht Kathleen Stewart Unsettled Remains: Race, Trauma, and Nationalism in Millennial El Salvador by Brandt Gustav Peterson, B.A.; M.A.; M.S. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December, 2005 Dedication To the memory of Begoña Aretxaga. Acknowledgements It was my pleasure and good fortune to accrue a great many debts in researching and writing this dissertation, debts that emerged within and alongside friendships and commitments. I have tried to live up to those multiple commitments in producing this document, an effort that has created much of what I regard as most fruitful and successful in this work. In El Salvador, I am deeply thankful to the people of Tacuba who shared with me their town, their rural landscape, and their experiences. I am especially grateful to the people of the three coffee cooperatives who welcomed me into their homes and communities, patiently and with great good humor listened to my endless questions, and shared their experiences and hopes with me. I am equally indebted to the activists who admitted me to their world, sharing with me their everyday practices and their candid sense of the trials and successes of their projects.
    [Show full text]
  • Civilian Killings and Disappearances During Civil War in El Salvador (1980–1992)
    DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH A peer-reviewed, open-access journal of population sciences DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VOLUME 41, ARTICLE 27, PAGES 781–814 PUBLISHED 1 OCTOBER 2019 http://www.demographic-research.org/Volumes/Vol41/27/ DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2019.41.27 Research Article Civilian killings and disappearances during civil war in El Salvador (1980–1992) Amelia Hoover Green Patrick Ball c 2019 Amelia Hoover Green & Patrick Ball. This open-access work is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Germany (CC BY 3.0 DE), which permits use, reproduction, and distribution in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are given credit. See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/legalcode Contents 1 Introduction 782 2 Background 783 3 Methods 785 3.1 Methodological overview 785 3.2 Assumptions of the model 786 3.3 Data sources 787 3.4 Matching and merging across datasets 790 3.5 Stratification 792 3.6 Estimation procedure 795 4 Results 799 4.1 Spatial variation 799 4.2 Temporal variation 802 4.3 Global estimates 803 4.3.1 Sums over strata 805 5 Discussion 807 6 Conclusions 808 References 810 Demographic Research: Volume 41, Article 27 Research Article Civilian killings and disappearances during civil war in El Salvador (1980–1992) Amelia Hoover Green1 Patrick Ball2 Abstract BACKGROUND Debate over the civilian toll of El Salvador’s civil war (1980–1992) raged throughout the conflict and its aftermath. Apologists for the Salvadoran regime claimed no more than 20,000 had died, while some activists placed the toll at 100,000 or more.
    [Show full text]
  • CATALOG Mayan Stelaes
    CATALOG Mayan Stelaes Palos Mayan Collection 1 Table of Contents Aguateca 4 Ceibal 13 Dos Pilas 20 El Baúl 23 Itsimite 27 Ixlu 29 Ixtutz 31 Jimbal 33 Kaminaljuyu 35 La Amelia 37 Piedras Negras 39 Polol 41 Quirigia 43 Tikal 45 Yaxha 56 Mayan Fragments 58 Rubbings 62 Small Sculptures 65 2 About Palos Mayan Collection The Palos Mayan Collection includes 90 reproductions of pre-Columbian stone carvings originally created by the Mayan and Pipil people traced back to 879 A.D. The Palos Mayan Collection sculptures are created by master sculptor Manuel Palos from scholar Joan W. Patten’s casts and rubbings of the original artifacts in Guatemala. Patten received official permission from the Guatemalan government to create casts and rubbings of original Mayan carvings and bequeathed her replicas to collaborator Manuel Palos. Some of the originals stelae were later stolen or destroyed, leaving Patten’s castings and rubbings as their only remaining record. These fine art-quality Maya Stelae reproductions are available for purchase by museums, universities, and private collectors through Palos Studio. You are invited to book a virtual tour or an in- person tour through [email protected] 3 Aguateca Aguateca is in the southwestern part of the Department of the Peten, Guatemala, about 15 kilometers south of the village of Sayaxche, on a ridge on the western side of Late Petexbatun. AGUATECA STELA 1 (50”x85”) A.D. 741 - Late Classic Presumed to be a ruler of Aguatecas, his head is turned in an expression of innate authority, personifying the rank implied by the symbols adorning his costume.
    [Show full text]
  • EL SALVADOR COUNTRY READER TABLE of CONTENTS Gerald A
    EL SALVADOR COUNTRY READER TABLE OF CONTENTS Gerald A. Drew 1937 Temporary Duty, San Salvador Murat Williams 1947 1949 Deputy Chief of Mission, San Salvador Angier Biddle Duke 1952 1953 Ambassador, El Salvador Eugene F. ,arst 1955 19-. Public Affairs 1fficer, 2SIS, San Salvador Peter M. Cody 1957 1959 Pro4ect 1fficer, 2SAID, San Salvador Murat Williams 19-1 19-4 Ambassador, El Salvador David Rybak 19-3 19-- Peace Corps 6olunteer, San Ildefonso, El Salvador 7eonard 8. Saccio 19-3 19-- Deputy Chief of Mission, San Salvador Richard A. Smith 19-4 19-- Agricultural Attach9, Agriculture Department, San Salvador 8ames 7. Morad 19-5 19-8 Information 1fficer, 2SIS, San Salvador A. Ellen Shippy 19-- 19-8 Peace Corps 6olunteer, San Pablo Tacachico Richard S. Welton 19-- 19-8 Agricultural Attach9, FAS, San Salvador 8ack R. Binns 19-7 1971 7abor 1fficer, San Salvador Terrence George 7eonhardy 19-8 1972 Deputy Chief of Mission, San Salvador Robert S. Steven 197. 1971 1fficer in Charge of El Salvador and Honduras Affairs, Washington, DC Henry E. Catto, 8r. 1971 1973 Ambassador, El Salvador Clyde Donald Taylor 1972 1975 Economic and Commercial Section Chief, San Salvador 8ohn A. Bushnell 1977 1982 Deputy Assistant Secretary, ARA, Washington, DC Nena 6reeland 1979 1983 Evaluation 1ffice, 2SAID, Washington, DC Robert E. White 198. 1981 Ambassador, El Salvador 8on David Glassman 1981 Deputy Chief of Political Section, Mexico City, Mexico Frederic 7. Chapin 1981 Charg9 d>Affaires, San Salvador G. Philip Hughes 1981 1985 Deputy Foreign Policy Advisor to 6ice President George Bush, The White House, Washington, DC Ward Barmon 1983 1985 Economic/Commercial Counselor San Salvador 8ames F.
    [Show full text]
  • Cross-Cultural and Experiential Learning in El Salvador for Extension Specialists: Lessons Learned in the Field Nadia E
    Proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference Latinos in the Heartland: Shaping the Future: Leadership for Inclusive Communities A multistate conference about integration of immigrants June 10-12, 2015 in Kansas City, Missouri www.cambio.missouri.edu/Library/ Cross-Cultural and Experiential Learning in El Salvador for Extension Specialists: Lessons Learned in the Field Nadia E. Navarrete-Tindall*, W. Sue Bartelette*, and Casi Lock** Lincoln University of Missouri Cooperative Extension, Native Plants Program* Independent Consultant** Abstract A delegation from Lincoln University (LU) Cooperative Extension of Missouri partic- ipated in a 12-day exchange program that included visits to communities and institutions in Central and Western El Salvador. The delegation included LU Native Plants Program (LU-NPP) staff and members of four communities in Missouri. The objectives were: 1. For the LU delega- tion to be immersed in the Salvadoran culture and learn how communities protect their resources and use native plants in their daily lives; 2. To exchange lessons learned between the LU-NPP, Salvadoran educators, producers, farmers, and communities; and 3. Identify organizations or agencies interested in forming alliances with the LU-NPP. Joint collaborative efforts between LU and organizations in El Salvador will help empower small farmers and will further advance agricultural and ecological education for low-income students in El Salvador and in Missouri. During site visits, local leaders from different agencies and community organizations and the LU delegation engaged in conversations to learn from each other’s experiences. Salva- doran specialists were surprised to learn that Lincoln University also works with low-income communities and that farms in Missouri do not only grow cash crops.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 5 Nawat
    Chapter 5 Nawat 5.1 Introduction This chapter introduces the Nawat/Pipil language. Section 5.2 explains the Nawat/Pipil and the Nawat/Nahuatl distinction. A brief history of the Pipil people is provided in section 5.3. Section 5.4 reviews the available Nawat language resources. A basic grammar is outlined in section 5.5. A more complete description would require more resources beyond the scope of the present project. Section 5.6 discusses the issues that arise for the present project, including what alphabet and dialect to use. Section 5.7 provides a summary of the chapter. 5.2 Nawat – Some Basic Facts Nawat versus Pipil In the literature, the Nawat language of El Salvador is referred to as Pipil. The people who speak the language are known as the Pipil people, hence the use of the word Pipil for their language. However, the Pipil speakers themselves refer to their language as Nawat. In El Salvador, the local Spanish speakers refer to the language as “nahuat” (pronounced “/nawat/”). Throughout this document, the language will be called Nawat. El Salvador is a small country in Central America. It is bordered on the north-west by Guatemala and on the north-east by Honduras. See Figure 5.1 for a map of Central America. El Salvador (Used by permission of The General Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin) Figure 5.1 Map of Central America 75 Nawat versus Nahuatl Nawat is an Uto-Aztecan language (Campbell, 1985). It is related to the Nahuatl language spoken in Mexico (which is where the Pipils originally came from, see section 5.3).
    [Show full text]
  • The Talcigüines of El Salvador
    The Talcigüines of El Salvador: A Contextual Example of Nahua Drama in the Public Square Robert A. Danielson, Ph.D. Asbury Theological Seminary DOI: 10.7252/Paper. 0000 22 | The Talcigüines of El Salvador: ABSTRACT: Anthropologist Louise M. Burkhart has spent decades studying the literary dramas of the Nahua speakers of 16th and 17th century Colonial Mexico. While many of these dramas illustrate the blending of Christianity with pre- Christian indigenous religion in Latin America, they have seldom been studied as early examples of contextualized Christianity or syncretism within early Spanish missions in Latin America. Tese early Nahua dramas became elaborate performances that expressed indigenous understandings of Christian stories and theology. Burkhart notes that Spanish priests controlled Nahua drama through reviewing and approving the scripts, but also by keeping the performances out of the church buildings. Tis approach did not stop these contextualized dramas, but rather integrated them into traditional religious performances acted out in public spaces. While many of these dramas exist now only as ancient scripts or recorded accounts, some modern remnants may still exist. One possibility is the Talcigüines of Texistepeque, El Salvador. Performed every Monday of Holy Week, this festival continues to combine Christian themes with indigenous symbols, moving from within the church to the literal public square. Developed for the Nahua speaking Pipil people of one of the oldest colonial parishes in El Salvador, this drama contains many of Burkhart’s elements. Robert A. Danielson, Ph.D. | 23 INTRODUCTION On the Monday of Holy Week each year, a unique performance occurs in the small town of Texistepeque, in the western region of El Salvador in Central America.
    [Show full text]
  • Plan De Competitividad Municipal Del Municipio De Caluco-Sonsonate
    PLAN DE COMPETITIVIDAD MUNICIPAL DEL MUNICIPIO DE CALUCO-SONSONATE 2012-2016 Documento elaborado para RTI por el Sistema de Asesoría y Capacitación para el Desarrollo Local, SACDEL. Proyecto de USAID para la Competitividad Municipal El Salvador, Octubre de 2012 PLAN DE COMPETITIVIDAD MUNICIPAL DEL MUNICIPIO DE CALUCO - SONSONATE Octubre 2012 Proyecto de USAID para la Competitividad Municipal Elaborado para José Luis Trigueros Director – Proyecto de USAID para la Competitividad Municipal Torre Futura, Local 2, Nivel 9 Calle El Mirador y 87 Av. Norte, Col. Escalón San Salvador, El Salvador Teléfono: (503) 2264-6659/7026 [email protected] Elaborado por Sistema de Asesoría y Capacitación para el Desarrollo Local (SACDEL) Parque Residencial Altamira Edifico F – 3 San Salvador, El Salvador Teléfono: (2503) 2273-5755 [email protected] Este documento ha sido posible gracias al apoyo del pueblo de los Estados Unidos de América a través de la Agencia de los Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional (USAID).Los puntos de vista/opiniones de este documento son responsabilidad de SACDEL y no reflejan necesariamente los de USAID o los del Gobierno de los Estados Unidos ÍNDICE RESUMEN EJECUTIVO .................................................................................................... 1 PRESENTACIÓN ............................................................................................................ 14 INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Resistance, the Church, and a Comparison of Ceramics from Sixteenth-Century Caluco, El Salvador
    Illinois State University ISU ReD: Research and eData Theses and Dissertations 10-21-2015 Resistance, the Church, and a Comparison of Ceramics from Sixteenth-Century Caluco, El Salvador Alison Denise Hodges Illinois State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Hodges, Alison Denise, "Resistance, the Church, and a Comparison of Ceramics from Sixteenth-Century Caluco, El Salvador" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 483. https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd/483 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ISU ReD: Research and eData. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ISU ReD: Research and eData. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RESISTANCE, THE CHURCH, AND A COMPARISON OF CERAMICS FROM SIXTEENTH-CENTURY CALUCO, EL SALVADOR Alison D. Hodges 154 Pages This thesis examines ceramics from the church of San Pedro y San Pablo, Caluco, El Salvador, to investigate the pressures of Spanish evangelization during the Colonial Period. It compares the church’s ceramic assemblage to two privately-owned houses, also within Caluco. Examining choices in ceramic styles for serving food and drink is one way to examine the colonial policies of reducción, which were to instill a regular, commonplace Christian order in everyday life. The materials in question were a large number of Spanish majolicas, as well as 300 locally-made vessels, and form, decoration, and ware was noted for each. The relative importance of majolica versus majolica attributes on indigenous-made pottery shows that practices in the shadow of the church were distinct from those farther away.
    [Show full text]
  • Plan De Desarrollo Territorial Para La Región De Sonsonate
    PPPLLLAAANNN DDDEEE DDDEEESSSAAARRRRRROOOLLLLLLOOO TTTEEERRRRRRIIITTTOOORRRIIIAAALLL PPPAARRRAAA LLLAAA RRREEEGGGIIIÓÓÓNNN DDDEEE SSSOOONNNSSSOOONNNAAATTTEEE ANEXO MUNICIPAL 4 SSSÍÍÍNNNTTTEEESSSIIISSS DDDEEELLL PPPLLLAAANNN DDDEEE DDDEEESSSAAARRRRRROOOLLLLLLOOO TTTEEERRRRRRIIITTTOOORRRIIIAAALLL PPPAAARRRAAA EEELLL MMMUUUNNNIIICCCIIIPPPIIIOOO DDDEEE NNNAAAHHHUUULLLIIINNNGGGOOO NAHULINGO • QUINTO INFORME: INFORME FINAL MAYO 2008 ELABORADO POR ESTUDIOS, PROYECTOS Y PLANIFICACIÓN S.A. (EPYPSA) ¡El desarrollo del país a través de regiones competitivas! PLAN DE DESARROLLO TERRITORIAL PARA LA REGIÓN DE SONSONATE ÍNDICE GENERAL ANEXO MUNICIPAL DE NAHULINGO 0 PRESENTACIÓN ........................................................................................................2 1 SÍNTESIS DEL DIAGNÓSTICO..................................................................................3 1.1 ASPECTOS GENERALES DE LA REGIÓN DE SONSONATE ..........................3 1.2 ASPECTOS DEL MUNICIPIO EN EL CONTEXTO REGIONAL........................12 2 ZONIFICACIÓN TERRITORIAL Y PROPUESTA URBANÍSTICA ...........................23 2.1 ZONIFICACIÓN TERRITORIAL EN EL MUNICIPIO .........................................23 2.2 PROPUESTA URBANÍSTICA A NIVEL DE PLAN DE DESARROLLO URBANO PARA NAHULINGO..........................................................................27 2.2.1 Criterios para el ordenamiento de Nahulingo a nivel de Plan de Desarrollo Urbano......................................................................................40 3 LOS PROYECTOS DE
    [Show full text]