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Dajessejamesacapannelleilfurt venerdì 8 agosto 2003 23 Liberateci dalla psicoanalisi LO SGUARDO ANARCHICO DI COLIN WARD che noi poi ci libereremo Filippo La Porta dei mali di cui parla ccorrerebbe riflettere un po’ di più sulla sorpren- Non sappiamo se davvero, come scrive Fofi nell’intro- non è un obiettivo, è un inganno»), e William Morris, ma ca che non sia tecnica per conquistare il potere ma dimen- O dente attualità del pensiero anarchico, che ha il duzione, il marxismo «ha avvilito la storia del movimento anche il socialista libertario Martin Buber, Lewis Mu- sione vissuta, educativa, prefiguratrice di comportamenti merito tra l’altro di mostrarci come la tradizione comuni- operaio di due secoli», ma certo leggendo questa lunga mford, un outsider come Macdonald (e la sua rivista altri, cambiamento di stili di vita (sabotaggio di alcune sta non possiede il monopolio della critica al capitalismo intervista scopriamo l’esistenza di una varietà di esperien- newyorchese Politics), oltre alle grandi figure di eretici merci, risparmio individuale di energia, riduzione della (del quale anzi condivide fatalmente molte premesse). Già ze, culture, filoni di pensiero ben più radicali della tradizio- degli anni ’30 e ’40, da Orwell e Simone Weil ai nostri domanda di consumi). Per Ward lo stato si distrugge negli anni ’30 Carlo Rosselli, il più appassionato teorico di ne comunista. Ward, nato nel 1924 da genitori laburisti, Silone, Carlo Levi e Nicola Chiaromonte. E soprattutto soltanto «stabilendo relazioni diverse». A lui sta a cuore una conciliazione tra socialismo e liberalismo, aveva scrit- interrompe presto gli studi e diventa anarchico con la dichiara di ispirarsi al Sogno Americano più autentico, l’azione diretta, capace di liberare «la grande rete della to che il problema «non consiste nel rinnegare Marx ma Seconda Guerra Mondiale. Comincia subito a collaborare non quello della conquista del West, ma quello che risale cooperazione tra gli esseri umani», i gruppi di self-help nel liberarsene». I pensatori più «sovversivi» degli ultimi a iniziative politiche e a riviste che gravitano in quell’area. ai puritani: «comunità, decentramento, autosufficienza, terapeutico, la creatività solidale, il controllo dal basso, il decenni appartengono tutti, in maggiore o minore misu- Prima è redattore dell’importante Freedom e poi si inven- mutuo appoggio e democrazia diretta». fai da te, etc. contro le burocrazie (partitiche e statali) e ra, all’orizzonte del pensiero libertario: Ivan Ilich, Noam ta Anarchy fondamentale punto di riferimento della sini- Accennavo alla straordinaria attualità dell’anarchi- contro le utopie ingannevoli. È singolare che proprio gli Chomski, e appunto l’inglese Colin Ward di cui ora le stra inglese per tutti gli anni ’60. Tra i suoi maestri non smo. Pensiamo solo a certe posizioni recenti di Naomi anarchici, che nel nostro immaginario politico erano i più edizioni Elèuthera ci propongono un bellissimo libro-in- solo, ovviamente, Kropotkin (benché troppo ottimi- Klein (il valore dato alle «comunità di nonni e nipoti» che astratti, i meno «scientifici», si ritrovino oggi più di tutti E. M. Cioran pensieri tervista Conversazioni con Colin Ward, Lo sguardo anarchi- sta…), il fondamentale Herzen (di cui cita quel passo oggi in Argentina formano un contropotere reale nei quar- gli altri dentro il cuore incandescente della contempora- ex libris co, a cura di Colin Ward, pp.166, euro 13,50. memorabile: «un obiettivo che sia infinitamente distante tieri), al crescente interesse dei no-global verso una politi- neità e delle sue questioni più concrete. Wladimiro Settimelli erano riuniti per dividersi i soldi, così vici- na al luogo del colpo, era stata passata al setaccio: ogni angolo, ogni tavolo, ogni og- n semaforo. Un semaforo rosso getto, ogni legno, ogni bottiglia, era stato acceso al momento giusto e tutto sottoposto ad analisi, soprattutto alla ricer- Ufunzionò a dovere. Proprio come ca delle impronte digitali. Gli uomini di era stato previsto e preventivato. Nessuno Scotland Yard avevano avuto subito fortu- ha mai capito chi manovrò il semaforo na. Infatti, erano saltate fuori impronte su ferroviario e le stesse indagini non lo han- una bottiglia di birra, su un sacchetto di no mai accertato. Ma, con quello acceso, il plastica e su una ciotola per dare da man- treno postale Glasgow-Londra si bloccò giare agli animali. Quelle impronte riman- sui binari a Cheddington, nel Buckin- davano ad alcuni delinquentelli di basso ghamshire, a una trentina di chilometri rango. Ma tra loro c’erano comunque alcu- dalla capitale inglese. Dal buio della campa- ni che avevano preso parte al colpo sul gna (erano appena passate le tre dell’8 ago- treno postale. Altro che «uomini d’oro». Si sto del 1963) sbucarono quindici uomini trattava, in realtà, di banditi da quattro mascherati che, in un silenzio angoscioso, soldi. Alcuni si erano subito messi a spen- cominciarono a lavorare nel vagone posta- dere e spandere. Altri avevano comprato le dopo aver colpito con un colpo di sbarra casa e auto nuove. Uno dei banditi, il gior- alla testa il conduttore del convoglio, subi- no della riunione per spartirsi i soldi, dopo to legato, spalla a spalla, con un altro ferro- aver visto che un gattino affamato si aggira- viere. Fu la famosa rapina al treno postale, va nella fattoria, era uscito, aveva acquista- una impresa criminale sulla quale sono sta- to del cibo e lo aveva messo nella ciotola ti scritti, in quaranta anni, decine di libri e dell’animale. Così, aveva lasciato delle im- girati alcuni film. Fu chiamata la «rapina pronte. Un altro, aveva nascosto in casa del secolo». Mai si era vista una cosa del dei vestiti macchiati di una vernice con la genere in Inghilterra, a due passi da Lon- quale era stato dipinto il furgone che aveva dra. trasportato i soldi dopo il colpo. Un altro Gli autori del colpo, salvo alcuni, furo- Ronnie Biggs, uno ancora aveva acquistato una roulotte e ave- no, piano piano, tutti presi per una serie di dei protagonisti va nascosto una valigia piena di sterline in circostanze molto singolari. L’ultimo ban- della rapina, una intercapedine. Altri soldi erano stati dito, Ronnie Biggs, fuggito dal carcere do- in una foto nascosti per strada, in alcune auto. po il processo, vecchio e malatissimo, non di qualche anno fa, Nel giro di qualche settimana, la poli- molto tempo fa, ha deciso di tornare in mostra il manifesto zia poteva dichiarare di aver vinto su tutti i Inghilterra appena compiuti i 71 anni, con cui era ricercato fronti. I «quindici uomini d’oro» erano «per bere una pinta di birra amara» a casa tutti finiti in manette. Davanti ai giudici propria. Per questo motivo aveva inviato, proclameranno, ovviamente, la propria in- per posta elettronica, un messaggio al so- nocenza, ma verranno tutti condannati a vrintendente capo di Scotland Yard John circa trecento anni di carcere. Poi, separa- Coles e uno al popolare tabloid Sun, con il ti, verranno spediti nelle carceri di mezza quale aveva già un accordo. Infine, con un Inghilterra. Nel corso delle indagini erano aereo speciale del giornale, il vecchio Biggs state recuperate soltanto trecentomila ster- era davvero tornato a Londra e subito rico- line. Il resto era finito chissà dove. verato nell’infermeria di un carcere di mas- Il caso della «grande rapina al treno» sima sicurezza e poi in ospedale. pareva chiuso, ma non era vero. Il 12 ago- Ma torniamo a quella notte del 1963, sto del 1964, il bookmaker Charlie Wilson quando quindici uomini tutti vestiti di ne- fu liberato, armi in pugno, da un gruppo ro e con il viso coperto dai passamonta- di malavitosi. Il 9 luglio del 1965, toccò a gna, dopo aver bloccato il treno, erano Ronald Arthur Biggs ( il «grosso», come lo saliti nel vagone valori. chiamavano gli amici) prendere il largo Tutta l’azione, dal carcere di Wandsworth. Aveva utilizza- organizzata alla per- to una scala di corda e poi una macchina, fezione, si era con- rapina. donnaiolo e spendaccione. La riunione nel- dopo un volo su un furgone carico di mate- clusa nel giro di 28 È il postale Glasgow-Londra Ma vediamo come andarono le cose la fattoria avverrà poche ore dopo il colpo, rassi che era stato posteggiato fuori dal minuti esatti. In subito dopo il colpo sul treno. Il gruppo semplicemnente per dividersi quella mon- carcere. quei ventotto minu- che 40 anni orsono fu al centro dei quindici, un ex colonnello, un avvoca- tagna di soldi e sparire. Da quel momento si parlerà solo e sol- ti, i rapinatori ave- to, un corridore automobilista, un murato- Ma Scotland Yard, per prendere i più tanto di Ronnie Biggs «il grosso» che diver- vano trasferito dal di una clamorosa rapina re, un bookmaker e alcuni giovanissimi famosi rapinatori della storia criminale in- rà il più celebre di tutto il gruppo. Fuggirà treno ad un furgo- nullafacenti con qualche piccolo preceden- glese, aveva impegnato decine e decine di in Belgio, poi in Germania e Spagna. Per ne, 120 sacchi stra- te penale, si erano riuniti nella fattoria di agenti e messo in moto tutta la capacità una cifra esorbitante si sottoporrà ad una pieni di soldi. Il tut- Sopra c’erano 150 miliardi di lire Leatherslade, acquistata in precedenza dal operativa degli «scientifici». Insomma, pro- operazione di plastica facciale per non esse- to per un valore di colonnello Bruce Reynolds, la vera mente prio come in una delle tante storie di Sher- re riconosciuto. Quindi finirà in Amazzo- 2,6 milioni di sterli- che si spartirono in quindici del colpo. Era poco distante dai binari del lock Holmes, era stato deciso di procedere nia, poi in Messico, Argentina e Bolivia e, ne. Una cifra colos- Glasgow-Londra e quindi comodissima. con calma e puntando ad una inchiesta alla fine, in Brasile, a Rio.
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