Ecological Impact Assessment
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Outlying Islands Sewerage Stage 2 – South Lantau Sewerage Works 5. ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 5.1 Introduction This Section presents the findings of an assessment of the potential ecological impacts associated with the construction and operation of the proposed Project in South Lantau. It summarises the baseline information gathered from a literature review and baseline ecological surveys on the terrestrial and marine ecological resources in South Lantau, and describes the ecological importance of this area. 5.2 Legislation Requirement & Assessment Criteria 5.2.1 Technical Memorandum The criteria for evaluating ecological impacts are laid out in the EIAO-TM. Annex 16 of the EIAO-TM sets out the general approach and methodology for the assessment of impacts to ecological resources arising from a project or proposal. Annex 8 of the EIAO-TM recommends the criteria that can be used for evaluating such impacts. 5.2.2 Other Legislation Legislative requirements and evaluation criteria relevant to this Study for the protection of species and habitats of ecological importance include: Country Parks Ordinance (Cap 208); Forests and Countryside Ordinance (Cap 96); Marine Parks Ordinance (Cap 476); Wild Animals Protection Ordinance (Cap 170); Protection of Endangered Species of Animals and Plants Ordinance (Cap 586); Town Planning Ordinance (Cap 131); Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines Chapter 10 (HKPSG); EIAO Guidance Note No. 6/2010, 7/2010, 10/2010 and 11/2010 United Nations Convention on Biodiversity (1992); IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (the Ramsar Convention); and PRC Regulations and Guidelines. 5-1 B&V / ERM Outlying Islands Sewerage Stage 2 – South Lantau Sewerage Works 5.3 Baseline Condition This section details the baseline conditions of both terrestrial and marine ecological resources of the habitats at South Lantau. 5.3.1 Terrestrial Ecology In accordance with the requirements given in Clause 3.4.2.2 of the EIA Study Brief, the Study Area for terrestrial ecology is defined by a distance of 500 m from the Project Boundary (Figure 5.1). The Study Area covers a total area of approximately 1,215 ha in southern Lantau Island including Lantau South Country Park and the areas zoned under the Outline Zoning Plan as Coastal Protection Area and Green Belt. Baseline conditions for each ecological component of the terrestrial environment of the Study Area were evaluated based on information from the literature and focused field studies conducted for the purposes of this EIA. Findings of the literature review and baseline field surveys of the Study Area are summarised in the following sections. 5.3.2 Literature Review A review of literature and recent aerial photographs was conducted to determine the existing terrestrial ecological conditions within the Study Area, identify habitat resources and species of potential conservation importance, and identify potential information gaps in the baseline conditions of the habitats. The literature reviewed includes: Porcupine! (1); Hong Kong Biodiversity (2); Revised Concept Plan for Lantau (3); Field guides for terrestrial wildlife of Hong Kong (4) ; EIA Report for Integrated Waste Management Facilities Phase 1 (5); EIA Report for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Receiving Terminal and Associated Facilities (6); EIA Report for Drainage Improvements in Southern Lantau (7); EIA Report for Improvement to Tung Chung Road Between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha (8); (1) Newsletter of Department of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong. Issues 1 to 33 (2) AFCD Biodiversity Newsletters. Available at: https://www.afcd.gov.hk/english/publications/publications_con/pub_con_hkbio.html (3) Lantau Development Task Force (2005) Revised Concept Plan for Lantau (4) Relevant field guides for terrestrial wildlife of Hong Kong available at: https://www.afcd.gov.hk/english/conservation/hkbiodiversity/leaflets/leaflets_oth.html (5) AECOM (2011) Integrated Waste Management Facilities Phase 1 – Feasibility Study: EIA Report Register No. AEIAR-123/2012 (6) ERM (2006) Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Receiving Terminal and Associated Facilities: EIA Report. EIA Register No. AEIAR-106/2007 (7) Maunsell (2005) Drainage Improvements in Southern Lantau: EIA Report. EIA Register No. AEIAR-093/2005 (8) Mouchel Asia Ltd (2002) Improvement to Tung Chung Road from Lung Tseng Tau to Cheung Sha: EIA Report. EIA Register No. AEIAR- 061/2002 5-2 B&V / ERM Outlying Islands Sewerage Stage 2 – South Lantau Sewerage Works EIA Report for 132 kV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau (9); and Project Profile for Telecommunication Installation at Lot 591SA in DD328, Tong Fuk, South Lantau Coast and the Associated Cable Landing Work in Tong Fuk, South Lantau for the North Asia Cable (NAC) Fibre Optic Submarine Cable System (10). Project Profile for Asia-America Gateway (AAG) Cable Network, South Lantau Lantau South Country Park Over 50% of the Study Area (approximately 597 ha) is located within the Lantau South Country Park (CP) designated under the Country Parks Ordinance in 1978. The Park comprises an extensive area inhabiting many flora and wildlife such as, snakes, birds, freshwater fish and protected plant species. Species of ecological interest include Hong Kong Magnolia, orchids, Ferret Badger, Chinese Muntjac, Wild Boar and Romer’s Tree Frog (11) (12) (13). Green Belt About 25% of the Study Area (approximately 295 ha) is located within the Green Belt (GB) designated in the Outline Zoning Plan (OZP). The planning intention of GB is primarily to define the limits of development areas, to preserve existing well-wooded hillslopes and other natural features, as well as to provide passive recreational outlets for the local population and visitors. GB mainly covers the extensive well-vegetated uplands and hillsides, spurs and stream valleys, coastal pockets of land and isolated knolls adjoining the Lantau South Country Park. Coastal Protection Area A long strip of land (approximately 162 ha) along the South Lantau Coast is zoned as “Coastal Protection Area” (CPA) which covers backshore coastal habitats and the sandy shore of the gazetted bathing beaches at Pui O, Cheung Sha and Tong Fuk. The purpose of CPA is to protect the landscape and ecological value of these areas and/or to serve as a buffer against encroachment of urban development into Country Parks, Special Areas and Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) (14). Areas of Ecological Importance / Interest Within the Study Area, a number of ecologically important / sensitive sites and habitats, including Fung Shui woodlands in Tong Fuk and Shui Hau, the mangroves in Pui O and (9) Mott Connell Limited (2001) 132 kV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau: EIA Report. EIA Register No. AEIAR-051/2002 (10) ERM (2000) Telecommunication Installation at Lot 591SA in DD328, Tong Fuk, South Lantau Coast and the Associated Cable Landing Work in Tong Fuk, South Lantau for the North Asia Cable (NAC) Fibre Optic Submarine Cable System: Project Profile. DIR-031/2000 (11) AFCD website. Lantau South Country Park. http://www.afcd.gov.hk/english/country/cou_vis/cou_vis_cou/cou_vis_cou_ls/cou_vis_cou_ls.html (12) Mouchel Asia Ltd (2002) Op Cit (13) Mott Connell Limited (2001) Op Cit (14) Planning Department (2001) Southwest New Territories Development Strategy Review. Final Report. http://www.pland.gov.hk/pland_en/p_study/comp_s/swnt/final-report/final-report.htm 5-3 B&V / ERM Outlying Islands Sewerage Stage 2 – South Lantau Sewerage Works horseshoe crab nursery ground in Shui Hau, are identified under the Revised Concept Plan for Lantau, of which the mangroves in Pui O and horseshoe crab nursery ground in Shui Hau fall within either the Lantau South CP or CPA. In addition, to facilitate better planning for government construction projects and to enhance protection on natural streams/rivers, Pui O and Tong Fuk streams are identified by the AFCD as Ecologically Important Streams (EIS) with important ecological functions such as providing habitats for diverse or rare animal or plant communities (15). Terrestrial Habitats, Vegetation & Wildlife Focused field surveys have been conducted at Chi Ma Wan (Ha Keng), Pui O Wan, Cheung Sha and Shek Pik as part of the environmental impact assessments (EIA) mentioned above (Figure 5.2). The most recent surveys completed were, however, undertaken in April 2006 around Shek Pik and January 2010 around Cheung Sha, and no recent field surveys have been conducted around the proposed project sites at Shui Hau, Tong Fuk, San Shek Wan, Pui O and Ham Tin (Table 5.1). Table 5.1 – Survey Periods for Previous Relevant Projects Project Major Survey Location Field Survey Period Improvement to Tung Chung Road from Lung Cheung Sha and Tung April 2001 – January 2002 Tseng Tau to Cheung Sha Chung road 132 kV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Pui O October 2000 – September 2001 Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Receiving Shek Pik February 2004 – April 2006 Terminal and Associated Facilities Drainage Improvements in Southern Lantau Mui Wo July 2003 – March 2004 Integrated Waste Management Facilities Phase 1 Cheung Sha August - January 2010 Table 5.2 presents the major terrestrial habitats and associated wildlife identified within the Study Area based on the above previous field surveys. Table 5.2 – Major Terrestrial Habitats Identified within the Study Area (Information Based on Literature Review) Habitat Description Fung Shui Found at isolated locations near Shui Hau and Tong Fuk. Fung Shui Woodland are relatively old Woodland growth with a height ranging from 6 m to 15 m and have not been disturbed for 20 to 50 years, and are considered to be of high ecological value (1) (6) Secondary Small area of secondary woodland located at Ngau Kwu Wan and Wang Tong. Woodland Mainly located at the east of Pui O Wan, and around San Shek Wan and Cheung Sha.