lSSNN 0373-580 X Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 48 (3-4): 567-584. 2013 DIVERSITY OF FERNS AND LYCOPHYTES OF THE PARK NATIONAL CALILEGUA, PROVINCE JUJUY, ARGENTINA

MARÍA ALEJANDRA GANEM 1, JUAN PABLO RAMOS GIACOSA 2,3 , MARÍA LUJÁN LUNA 2,4 , MARCELO DANIEL ARANA 5, ALICIA ROTMAN 1, OSVALDO SMOKE 1, ELÍAS RAMÓN DE LA SOTA 2,3 and GABRIELA ELENA GIUDICE 2

1Chair of General Botany, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, National University of Jujuy, Alberdi n ° 47, 4600 San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina; [email protected] 2Faculty of Natural Sciences and Museum, National University of La Plata. Paseo del Bosque s / nº, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; [email protected] 3National Council for Scientific and Technical Research, Avda. Rivadavia 1917 - CP C1033AAJ - Ciudad Autónoma from Buenos Aires, Argentina; [email protected] 4Commission for Scientific Research of the Province of Buenos Aires, Camino Gral. Belgrano y 526, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina; [email protected] 5Orientation Vascular Plants, Depto. Cs. Naturales, FCEFQyNat, National University of Río Cuarto, Route 36 km 601, X5804ZAB, Río Cuarto, Córdoba , Argentina; [email protected]

Summary: Diversity of ferns and lycophytes from Calilegua National Park, Jujuy Province Argentina . The biogeographic province of the “Yungas” is considered by the UNESCO as a Biosphere Reserve. In this zone, Calilegua National Park is one of the “cores” of the Yungas, where ferns and lycophytes grow as epiphytic, terrestrial or saxicoulous in different environments. The aim of this study is to make known the ferns and lycophytes that inhabit in Calilegua National Park, in order to provide information on Yungas biodiversity. For this purpose, 5 field trips were performed during December-May 2007-2011. Voucher specimens were deposited in the following herbaria: JUA, LP and RCV. Other herbal and specific bibliography were also consulted. According to this study 103 taxa (species and varieties) of ferns and lycophytes inhabit in Calilegua National Park, grouped in 18 families and 43 genera. Six species are first recorded for the Province of Jujuy. Nomenclatural updates and keys for taxa identification are also given.

Key words : Biodiversity, Calilegua National Park, ferns, lycophytes, Yungas.

This pdf was translated from Spanish using Google translate. It may not be perfect English

567 Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 48 (3-4) 2013

Page 2 568 it has 76,306 hectares that include several districts or plant formations of the Province Phytogeographic of INTRODUCTION the Yungas (Cabrera, 1976). In this Park the floristic studies include in general The Biogeographic Province of the Yungas is taxonomic aspects (Cabrera, 1978; Ezcurra, located on the eastern slopes of the Andes, between 1994; Rivera, 1994; Johnson, 1998; Sanso & Xifreda, 300 and 3,500 m sm and travels through South 1995; Wulff et al., 1996; Xifreda, nineteen ninety America from Venezuela to the Northwest of six; López et al ., 1998) and to a lesser extent Argentina, in a narrow strip of 4000 km long (Cabrera vegetation surveys (Muñoz et al. , 1993; Morrone et & Willink, 1980; Morrone, 2001). his climate is very al ., 1999; Perovic et al ., 2000; Rotman et to the. , humid due to the abundant rainfall and mists, which 2007, 2008 a, 2008 b). There are also several internal cover almost continuously the mountains. For that reports of the Parks Administration Nationals that are reason the Biogeographic Province of the Yungas also unpublished. It is called “cloud forest” and is included within of It should be noted that the environmental cloud forests (Kapelle & Brown, 2001). conditions of this area are optimal for the development The Yungas are of fundamental importance for the of a rich flora of ferns and lycophytes, this being a of region due to its great biological diversity and be the areas with the greatest biodiversity in Argentina located as the head of the basin of important rivers (Ponce et al. , 2002). such as the Bermejo, with its consequent role in the The objective of this work is to make known the water catchment and regulation of regimes hydric. For ferns and lycophytes that inhabit the Park Nacional this, the Yungas have been included by UNESCO Calilegua, in order to contribute to the information on within the Reserves of the Biosphere of the world. One biodiversity in the Yungas and contribute to its of the objectives of this protection system is to achieve conservation. sustainable use of the existing resources in them, for which foresees a zoning of the area according to the state of conservation and required use, thus achieving MATERIALS AND METHODS areas of total protection and areas of sustainable use. All this organization is still very incipient in the The study was carried out taking into account the “Reserve of the Yungas”, so it has determined that material collected and / or identified during field trips only National Parks, Provincials and Reserves that it and consultation of herbaria and specific bibliography. includes constitute the areas of total protection or 5 field trips were made between December- May of “core” thereof: Baritú National Park, Calilegua the years 2007-2011, going through different areas of National Park, Laguna Pintascayo Provincial Park, the Park (Fig. 1). The collected material is found Park Provincial Potrero de Yala and Natural Reserve deposited in the herbarium of the Faculty of Nogalar. The function of the “core” is to maintain Agronomy of the UNJu (JUA), with duplicates in areas as pristine as possible for your study and your the herbarium LP (Museum of Natural Sciences natural development, including successional processes of La Plata) and in RCV (Department of Natural that may occur in the type of protected ecosystem, the Sciences, National University of Río Cuarto). maintenance of genetic wealth, etc. The following herbaria were also consulted Knowledge of plant communities is fundamental (Thiers, 2012): CORD, JUA, LIL, LP, MCNS, MERL, for the subsequent presentation of proposals RCV and SI. In all cases, the determination and sustainable use of this ecosystem, as well as for nomenclatural updating of the taxa under study. understanding other similar areas. In “Representative material studied” a specimen The great biological diversity of the Yungas, for each taxon and all corresponding to the province added to the altitudinal and latitudinal variation that of Jujuy, Department Ledesma, Parque Calilegua already presents the difficulty of access and movement National . in the region, has limited the study of numerous To prepare the list of families and genera, aspects of its operation and composition floristics. considered the proposal of Christenhusz et al. (2011). Calilegua National Park was created in 1979 and

568 M. A. Ganem et al. - Helechos y licófitas del PN Calilegua

Fig. 1. Environments of the Calilegua National Park.

Six new records were identified for the Jujuy RESULTS Province: Adiantum pseudotinctum, Asplenium claussenii (Fig. 2B), Didymoglossum reptans, A total of 103 taxa (species and varieties), of ferns Diplazium cristatum , Pecluma venturii and licofitas, grouped in 18 families and 43 genera. and Macrothelypteris torresiana . It is also confirms Within the lycophytes the families represented are: the presence of Asplenium cuspidatum and Lycopodiaceae and Selaginellaceae, while in the ferns Phlegmariurus phylicifolius (Fig. 2A) in Argentina are: Anemiaceae, Aspleniaceae (Figs. 2B, 3C), and registers for the first time in the park to Azolla Athyriaceae, Blechnaceae (Fig. 3B), Cyatheaceae, filiculoides (Fig. 4D). Cystopteridaceae, Dennstaedtiaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Below is a key to the determination of the taxa of Equisetaceae, Hymenophyllaceae (Figs. 3A, 4B, C), ferns and lycophytes registered in the Calilegua NP. In Ophioglossaceae, Polypodiaceae (Figs. 3D, 4A), the cases of genera with more than one species are Pteridaceae (Figs. 2C, D), Salviniaceae, then presented the keys by gender. Thelypteridaceae, and Woodsiaceae .

1. Plants with uninerve laminar expansions, lichens. Sporangia without ring of dehiscence, solitary on the adaxial face of the licofilo ...... (2) 1’. Plants with multi-ribbed laminar expansions, euphils. Sporangia with ring dehiscence and located on the abaxial face of euphils or in sheets with hemidimorphism or sporangia without ring and located in terminal strobili or in closed sori or in sporophores ...... (5) 2. Heterosporated plants. Radical part with rhizophores. Licofilos with ligule ...... Selaginella 2’. Homosporated plants. Radical part without rhizophores. Lyophilic without ligule ...... (3) 3. Plants with isodichotomous stems, without elongated main trailing axes; sporophylls photosynthetic, persistent after sporangium dehiscence, located in the apical part of the stem ...... Phlegmariurus

569 Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 48 (3-4) 2013

3’. Plants with anisodicotomic stems, the main creepers and erect lateral secondary axes; differentiated sporophylls, decayed after dehiscence of the sporangium, gathered in strobili differentiated ...... (4) 4. Lateral erect axes with dorsiventral symmetry, flattened, anisophilic trophylls, arranged verticillately ...... Diphasiastrum [D. thyoides (Humb. & Bonpl. Ex Willd.) Holub] 4’. Erect lateral axes with radial symmetry, rounded, uniform trophiles, helically arranged ...... Lycopodium [L . clavatum L. ssp. clavatum ] 5. Furrowed axes and squamiform euphoria with whorled disposition. Sporangia in strobili terminals ...... Equisetum 5’. Shafts not grooved, euphoria developed in a varied way and with a helical arrangement. Sporangia in sori u occupying the entire abaxial surface ...... (6 ) 6. Sporangia without a dehiscence ring. Fronde with a sterile part and a fertile part (sporophorus). Straight vernation ...... Botrychium [B. schaffneri Underw. vel aff.] 6 ‘. Sporangia with ring of dehiscence. Circinate vernation ...... (7) 7. Heterosporated, aquatic plants ...... Azollla [A. filiculoides Lam.] 7 ‘. Homosporated, terrestrial or epiphytic plants ...... (8 ) 8. Delicate plants, lamina 1-stratified and without stomata ...... (9) 8 ‘. Plants with multilayered sheets ...... (11) 9. Indusium with two leaflets of entire or toothed margin and receptacle including ...... Hymenophyllum 9 ‘ . Conical Indusium and exerto receptacle ...... (10) 10. Plants with roots ...... Vandenboschia [V. angustata (Carmich.) Copel.] 10 ‘. Rootless plants ...... Didymoglossum [D. reptans (Sw.) C. Presl] 11. Arborescent stem axes greater than 1 m in height ...... Alsophila [A. odonelliana Alston (Lehnert)] 11’. Arborescent stem axes less than 1m tall or non-arborescent ...... (12) 12. Hemidimorphic blades, with 2 fertile basal pinnae and the rest sterile and sporangia with apical ring ...... Anemia 12 ‘. Isomorphic blades and sporangia with oblique or vertical ring ...... (13) 13. Rhizomes long creeping, hairy and petiole base also hairy. Blades 3-4-pinnate...... (14) 13 ‘. Rhizomes erect, oblique or creeping, scaly, and base of petioles with scales and (or) hairs, or glabrous. Blades whole, 1-2-pinnate-pinnatifid, rare 3-pinnate ( Megalastrum ) ...... (15) 14. Soros protected by indusio. Trilete spores ...... Dennstaedtia [D. globulifera (Poir.) Hieron.] 14 ‘. Sori protected by the reflective margin of the lamina. Monolete spores ...... Hypolepis [Hypolepis poeppigii (Kunze) R. Rodr. ] 15. Sporangia grouped in marginal sori or along the veins or between veins, protected by pseudoindusios (reflective margin of the lamina) ...... (16) fifteen’. Sporangia grouped in sori or arranged superficially, with or without indusium, never marginal ...... (25) 16. Sporangia along lateral veins, sometimes confluent at maturity ...... (17) 16 ‘. Sporangia at the end of the veins or along a marginal collecting vein, protected or not by the reflective margin of the sheet ...... (20) 17. Plants with fringed and dimorphic fronds, entire sterile lamellae, long fertile ones petiolate, pinnatifid to pinnate ...... Trachypteris [T . pinnata (Hook.f.) C. Chr.] 17¨. Plants with non-beaded and isomorphic fronds. Divided sheets ...... ( 18) 18. Delicate plants up to 5 cm and glabrous ...... Anogramma [A. lorentzii (Hieron.) Diels] 18 ‘. More robust plants greater than 5 cm, 1-pinnate, waxy or hairy blades ...... (19) 19. Hairy blades, with entire pinnae ...... Hemionitis [H. tomentosa (Lam.) Raddi] 19 ‘. Sheets with yellow waxes, with whole pinnae, bi and trifoliolate ...... Trismeria [T. trifoliata (L.) Diels]

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20. Sporangia located on the reflex margin of the lamina ...... Adiantum 20’. Sporangia protected or not by the reflex margin of the lamina, but never located on it ...... (21) 21. Sporangia on marginal collecting vein protected by the reflex margin...... Pteris 21’. Sporangia at the end of veinlets, distributed throughout the lamina or forming sori or cenosoros, protected or not by the reflex margin ...... (22) 22. Palmatipartite sheets ...... Doryopteris 22 ‘. Pinnate blades ...... (2. 3) 23. Petioles and furrowed axes, with narrow lateral wings. Blades 2-3-pinnate- pinnatifid, glabrous ...... Adiantopsis [A. chlorophylla (Sw.) Fée] 2. 3’. Petioles teretes or semiteretes. Blades usually less divided, scaly, waxy ...... (24) 24. Leathery plates, with Soros waxes protected by the unmodified reflex margin ...... Argyrochosma 24 ‘. Hairy or glabrous sheets. Soros protected by the interrupted and modified reflex margin ...... Cheilanthes [Ch. Poeppigiana Mett. Ex Kuhn] 25. Blades pinnatifid, pinnatisect or whole, glabrous, hairy or scaly Sporangia grouped in naked sori ... (26) 25 ‘. Blades pinnate to 4-pinnate, if entire with sporangia covering the entire abaxial surface ...... (31) 26. Whole blades, occasionally pinnatilobed ...... (27) 26 ‘Pinnatifid or pinnatisect blades ...... (29) 27. Scaly laminae abaxially and with few scales on the adaxial, elliptical sori with paraphyses Peltate squamiforms ...... Pleopeltis 27 ‘. Blades glabrous, with deciduous scales on the coast, sori with or without filamentous paraphyses . (28) 28. Dimorphic fronds. Uniseriate sori, filamentous and branched paraphyses ...... Microgramma [M. squamulosa (Kaulf.) De la Sota] 28 ‘. Isomorphic fronds. Soros 1-2 serial, without paraphyses ...... Campyloneurum 29. Glabrous plates ...... Phlebodium [Ph. Aureum (L.) J.Sm.] 29 ‘. Scaly or hairy blades ...... (30) 30. Rhizomes with clatrate, peltate scales. Blades with scales on the abaxial side ...... Serpocaulon [S. gilliesii (C.Chr.) AR Sm.] 30 ‘. Rhizomes with unclatrated scales. Hairy blades ...... Pecluma 31. Sporangia grouped in sori parallel to the coasts, with lateral indusium that opens towards the center of the pinna ...... Blechnum 31 ‘. Sporangia covering the abaxial surface of the lamina or grouped in circular or linear sori- elliptical, other- shaped Indian or absent ...... (32) 32. Sporangia covering the entire abaxial surface of the lamina or grouped in circular sori, with Orbicular or reniform indusians, or naked ...... (33) 32 ‘. Sori linear, with laterally fixed indusium, or circular sori, with dorsally or basally fixed indusium, a often inconspicuous ...... (38) 33. Sporangia covering the entire abaxial surface of the lamina. Blade, whole or pinnate ...... (34) 33 ‘. Sporangia in sori. Blade pinnate- pinnatifida to tri- pinnate ...... (35) 34. Whole lamina with free venation ...... Elaphoglossum 3. 4’. Pinnate lamina with reticulated venation ...... Bolbitis [B. serratifolia (Mert. Ex Kaulf.) Schott] 35. Soros with indusio peltado. Minor axes and segments (abaxial face) with scales filiform .... Polystichum 35 ‘. Soros with reniform indusio or absent. Minor axes and segments hairy or glabrous ...... (36) 36. Indusio absent. Shafts with whitish, acicular hairs ...... Megalastrum 36 ‘Reniform Indians. Shafts with other types of hair ...... (37) 37. Rachis and shoreline with multicellular reddish hairs ...... Ctenitis [C. submarginalis (Langsd. & Fisch.) Ching] 37 ‘. Glabrous rachis and lamina ...... Dryopteris 38. Clatrated rhizomatic scales. Linear sori with lateral indusios...... Asplenium

571 Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 48 (3-4) 2013

38 ‘. Rhizomatic scales not clatrated. Sori circular or elliptical, with dorsal, basal or basi-late indusi rales ...... (39) 39. Blades with simple, 1-cellular, acicular or setiform hairs, often with reddish glands. Soros circular, with hairy or glandular-hairy indusium, inconspicuous, often reduced to a fascicle of hairs ...... (40) 39 ‘. Blades glabrous, or with simple or glandular hairs, multicellular. Sori circular or elongated, with basal or basi-lateral indusio, glabrous or hairy, notorious ...... (41) 40. Bi to tripinnate pinnatifid plates. Veins widened at the apex that do not reach the margin ...... Macrothelypteris [M. torresiana (Gaudich) Ching] 40 ‘. Blades pinnate to pinnate pinnatifid. Veins not widened at the apex, reaching the margin .... Thelypteris 41. Sheets up to 2 meters. Elongated sori with lateral insertion indusians ...... Diplazium 41 ‘. Minor plates. Circular sori with basifix or inferior Indusians ...... (42) 42. Plants glabrous or with few glandular hairs. Bi-tripinnate blades. Soros covered by Indians basifiix, cupuliform, glabrous or with glandular hairs ...... Cystopteris [C. diaphana (Bory) Blasdell] 42 ‘. Glandular-hairy plants. Pinnate or bipinnate blades. Soros with infamous indusians in the form of saucer with glandular hairs ...... Woodsia [W. montevidensis (Spreng.) Hieron.]

Species keys

Adiantum L. 1. Diminished pinnules, with evident basiscopic submarginal vein, pseudoindusian located acroscopically ...... Adiantum pectinatum Dev. 1’. Pinnulas flabeladas or palmadas, dichotomous venation once or several times furcate, without submarginal vein evident ...... (2 ) 2. Palmate pinnules. Rhizomes with stoloniform portion. Zigzag rachis. Pseudo-indusians quadrangular or rectangular ...... Adiantum digitatum Hook. 2’. Flabelated pinnules. Rhizomes short to long creeping. Straight to somewhat sinuous spines ...... (3) 3. Reniform to rectangular pseudo-Indians. Ciliated rhizomatic scales ...... Adiantum poiretii Wikstr. 3’. Orbicular pseudo-Indians. Whole rhizomatic scales ...... (4) 4. Long-creeping rhizome ...... Adiantum pseudotinctum Hieron. 4 ‘Shortly trailing rhizome ...... (5) 5. Pinnules with a 2: 1 length / width ratio with a wedge-shaped base. Petioles smaller than 2 mm ...... Adiantum raddianum C. Presl 5’. Pinnules with a 1: 2 length / width ratio with a cuneate-symmetrical base. Petioles larger than 2 mm ...... Adiantum lorentzii Hieron.

Anemia Sw. 1. Bipinnate to bipinnate-pinnatifid blades ...... Anemia australis (Mickel) M. Kessler & AR Smith 1’. Pinnate blades, with anastomosed or free veins ...... (2) 2. Pinnae with symmetrical base, well marked coastline, frequent and regular anastomoses between the veins lateral ...... Anemia phyllitidis (L.) Sw.var. phyllitidis 2’. Pinnae with asymmetric base, generally poorly marked coast, infrequent to occasional anastomoses between the lateral veins ...... Anemia herzogii Rosenst.

Argyrochosma (J. Sm.) Windham 2. Tripinnate blades, with yellow wax ...... Argyrochosma nivea (Poir.) Windham var. flava (Hook.) Ponce 2’. Blades in general bipinnate, glabrous ...... Argyrochosma nivea ( Poir.) Windham var. tenera (Gillies ex Hook.) Ponce

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Asplenium L. 1. Fronds with bipinnate blades ...... (2) 1’. Fronds with never bipinnate blades ...... (3) 2. Terrestrial plants, sheets of herbaceous consistency. Asymmetric cuneate-based pinnae, without basal lobe acroscopic ...... Asplenium squamosum L. 2’. Epiphytic plants, leathery blades. Proximal pinnae with an acroscopic basal lobe ...... Asplenium cuspidatum Lam. 3. Pinnate blades, with auriculate pinnae at the base ...... Asplenium auritum Sw. 3’. Blades 1-pinnate, with non-auriculate pinnae at the base ...... (4) 4. Petioles purple to glossy black. Pinnae with a single sorus, very rare two on the side basiscopic ...... Asplenium monanthes L . 4’. Petioles greenish to dark brown, never shiny black. With several sori per pinna ...... (5) 5. Plants with long gemmiferous axes and radicants at their ends ...... Asplenium lorentzi Hieron. 5’. Plants without radicant gemiferous axes at their ends ...... (6) 6. Soros at an acute angle to the coast, even subparallel to it ...... Asplenium serra Langsd. & Fisch. 6 ‘. Soros never at an acute angle to the coast ...... (7) 7. Proximal descending pinnae, acroscopically auriculate, with obtuse apex and crenate margin. Gradually reduced basal pinnae ...... Asplenium claussenii Hieron. 7 ‘. Perpendicular or ascending proximal pinnae ...... (8) 8. Pinnae perpendicular to ascending, elliptical-falcate, acute, linear. Entire basicospic margin and acroscopic margin toothed-serrated, sub-attenuated-rounded apices. Reduced basal pinnae ...... Asplenium argentinum Hieron 8 ‘. Ascending pinnae, perpendicular to the spine, strongly uneven. Margin created to deeply 2-serrated. slightly reduced basal pinnae or barely a basal pair less ...... Asplenium inaequilaterale Willd. Observation .: According to what was analyzed in this study, most of the material from Argentina determined so far as Asplenium auritum is Asplenium cuspidatum . These can be differentiated by the division of the lamina, in A. auritum it is pinnate-pinnatifida and A. cuspidatum is bipinnate to more divided.

Blechnum L. 1. Monomorphic or subdimorphic fronds, cenosores in mid-costal position ...... (2) 1’. Dimorphic fronds, cenosores of marginal position ...... (3) 2. Membranous-herbaceous pinnae, with ciliated margins. Glandular axes, laminae and indus pubescent ...... Blechnum laevigatum Cav. 2’. Pinnae subcoriaceous, with non-ciliate margins. Shafts, plates and glabrous indusions ...... Blechnum occidentale L. var. western 3. Arborescent rhizome ...... (4) 3’. Non-arborescent rhizome ...... (5) 4. Pinnae with entire margin. Rhizome and petiole base scales acicular ...... Blechnum yungense Ramos Giacosa 4’. Pinnae with serrated margin. Wide rhizome and petiole base scales ...... Blechnum cordatum (Dev.) Hieron 5. Fronds with gemmiferous rachis. Pinnae with contracted base ...... Blechnum sprucei C. Chr. 5’. Fronds without gemmiferous rachis. Adnate-based pinnae ...... Blechnum squamipes (Hieron.) M. Kessler & AR Sm.

Campyloneurum C. Presl 1. Blades linear, about 1 cm wide, rhizomes thin with shiny scales. One or two rows of sori ...... Campyloneurum aglaolepis (Alston) de la Sota

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1’. Blades lanceolate, wide (more than 1 cm). Robust rhizomes with opaque scales. Soros multiseriate ... (2) 2. Blades large and broad, up to 12 cm lat, membranous herbaceous, complex veins, visible ...... Campyloneurum tucumanense (Hieron.) Ching 2’. Minor, narrower blades, stiffer consistency, simple veining, little visible ...... Campyloneurum nitidum C. Presl

Diplazium Sw. 1. Blades of triangular contour, tripinnate to tripinnate-pinnatifid. Last adnate segments, ascending, glabrous, toothed. Veins 1-2 furcated. Soros somewhat elongated, located between coast and margin ...... Diplazium lilloi (Hicken) RM Tryon & AF Tryon 1’. Blades with elliptical-lanceolate contour, pinnate-pinnatifid. Last segments of margin entire or with few distant teeth. Simple veins. Elongated sori, located in middle part of a fertile venilla. Double sori in first vein, remaining single sori acroscopic ...... Diplazium cristatum (Desr.) Alston

Doryopteris J. Sm. 1. Fully open venation plates ...... D. concolor (Langsd. & Fisch.) Kuhn 1’. Sheets with partially or totally areolated venation ...... (2) 2. Large blades, with prolific buds at the base, clear and robust petioles ...... Doryopteris majestosa JC Yesilyurt 2’. Small to medium blades, without prolific buds, dark petioles and thin ...... Doryopteris pentagona Pic. Serm. Observation .: According to the studies carried out by Yesilyurt (2007) Doryopteris nobilis does not grow in Argentina. The that has been determined as such is D. majestosa. D. nobilis has no buds at the base of its lamina, hypophyll with few glabrous hairs and furrowed petiole, while D. majestosa has buds at the base of the blade, petioles teretes and pubescent lamina base and middle areas. In this way, what is cited and illustrated as D. nobilis by de la Sota (1977: 93, 96, fig. 36) is D. majestosa , excluding from Argentina the species Doryopteris nobilis , which inhabits the southeast of Brazil.

Dryopteris Adans. 1. Blades of elliptical-lanceolate contour, pinnate-pinnatifid, with densely scaly axes, plants terrestrial ...... Dryopteris wallichiana (Spreng.) Hyl. 1’. Blades deltoid to ovate-deltoid, more divided, glabrescent, plant epiphytes or terrestrial ...... Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underw .

Elaphoglossum Schott ex J. Sm. 1. Blades coriaceous, glabrous or with small trichomes or deciduous scales ...... (2) 1’. Scaly or hairy blades ...... (3) 2. Glabrous plates with twisted margins ...... Elaphoglossum gayanum (Fée) T . Moore 2’. Blades with both surfaces of the blade with tiny stellate or spider trichomes, chestnut- reddish, abaxial shoreline with very remote scales, broad-based dark brown ...... Elaphoglossum sellowianum (Klotzsch ex Kuhn) T. Moore 3. Fertile plants with small laminae up to 20 cm ...... (4) 3’. Fertile plants with larger blades, robust plants, thick rhizomes ...... (5) 4. Rhizomes long creeping, fronds distant, the fertile elliptical-lanceolate, flat; the sterile with glabrous underside ...... Elaphoglossum lorentzii (Hieron.) H. Christ. 4’. Shortly creeping rhizomes, approximate fronds, fertile broad, elliptical to orbicular, the sterile with both sides scaly ...... Elaphoglossum piloselloides ( C. Presl ) T. Moore 5. Blades with branched hairs and glandular hairs in hypophyll, epiphyl with stellate scales to glabrescent .

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...... Elaphoglossum yungense de la Sota 5 ‘. Scaly sheets ...... (6) 6. Laminae with both sides scaly, the hypophyll in greater density Elaphoglossum crassipes (Hieron.) Diels 6 ‘. Laminates with dark scales on the coast and margins, the rest glabrous ...... Elaphoglossum lindbergii (Mett. Ex Kuhn) Rosenst.

Equisetum Michx. Ex DC. 1. Plants up to 40 cm. tall, with numerous solid stems, simple to scarcely branched ...... Equisetum bogotense Kunth 1’. Plants greater than 1 in height, with hollow, fistulous and highly branched stems ...... Equisetum giganteum L.

Hymenophyllum Sm. 1. Glabrous blades, occasionally with simple hairs on the rachis and veins ...... (2) 1’. Blades with bifurcated or starry hairs on the veins and margins ...... (3) 2. Segments of pinnae with serrated margins...... Hymenophyllum tunbridgense (L.) Sm. var. from Cordoba Hieron 2 ‘Segments of pinnae with entire margins ...... Hymenophyllum polyanthos (Sw.) Sw. 3. Corrugated-crisp sheets ...... Hymenophyllum crispum Kunth 3’. Flat sheets ...... Hymenophyllum capurroi de la Sota

Megalastrum Holtum 1. Sori submarginal, abaxial side of the lamina with short dense hairs, adaxial side with long hairs scattered ...... Megalastrum adenopteris (C. Chr.) AR Sm & RC Moran 1’. Soros between the coast and margin. Abaxial and adaxial face of the blade with long hairs whitish ...... Megalastrum pulverulentum (Poir.) AR Sm & RC Moran

Pecluma MG Price 1. Fronds less than 20 cm. Hairy-scaly rachis ...... Pecluma filicula (Kaulf.) MG Price 1’. Fronds greater than 20 cm. Hairy spines, never scaly ...... (2) 2. Short pinnae broad, rounded apex, hairy ...... Pecluma venturii (de la Sota) MG Price 2’. Long pinnae narrow, apex attenuated, glabrescent ...... Pecluma oranense (de la Sota) de la Sota

Phlegmariurus (Herter) Holub 1. Plants with sporophils very different from trophiles, much smaller and located at the apex of the stems ...... Phlegmariurus phylicifolius (Desv. Ex Poir.) B. Øllg. 1’. Plants with sporophylls similar to trophils, without clearly differentiating between them ...... 2 2. Epiphytic plants, with pendulous to erect stems ...... Phlegmariurus sotae (Rolleri) B. Øllg . 2’. Terrestrial plants, with erect, simple or bifurcated columniform stems ...... 3 3. Reflex trophiles, patent to recurved, with denticulate to ciliated margin ...... Phlegmariurus reflexus (Lam.) B. Øllg. 3’. Non-reflective trophiles, appressed to the stem or patent, with entire margin to denticulate ...... Phlegmariurus saururus (Lam.) B. Øllg. Observation: Øllgard (1992) considers Phlegmariurus phylicifolius as probable in Argentina, without citing reference material. In the present study, this species is confirmed for Argentina, since all the material previously cited as Phlegmariurus subulatus corresponds to Lycopodium nubigenum Herzog, a synonym for Phlegmariurus phylicifolius .

575 Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 48 (3-4) 2013

Pleopeltis Humb. & Bonpl. Ex Willd. 1. Whole sheets . . Pleopeltis macrocarpa (Bory ex Willd.) Kaulf. 1’. Pinnatisect to pinnate laminae ...... (2) 2. Pinnatisect laminae . . Pleopeltis tweediana (Hook.) AR Sm. 2’. Pinnate laminae ...... (3) 3. Underside densely covered by ovate scales, totally covering the abaxial surface; nervation with free lateral veins, furcate to anastomosed, determining a series of areoles to both sides of the coast, with an included vein . Pleopeltis minima (Bory) J. Prado & RY Hirai 3’. Underside with small scattered scales. Lateral veins not very visible s 1-2 times furrowed, free . Pleopeltis pleopeltidis (Fée) de la Sota

Polystichum Roth 1. Blades with gemmiferous rachis near the apex, pinnules of 13 to 18 pairs per pinna, up to 20 mm x 10 mm . . Polystichum platyphyllum (Willd.) C. Presl var. platyphyllum 2. Blades with non-gemmiferous rachis, pinnules of 15 to 25 pairs per pinna, up to 12 x 6 mm . . . Polystichum montevidense (Spreng.) Rosenst.var. montevidense

Pteris 1. Fronds with blades, pinnate or at most with newly divided basal pinnae . (2) 1’. Fronds with blades several times pinnate . .(3 ) 2. Free venation ...... Pteris cretica L. 2’. Reticulated venation . . Pteris denticulata Sw.var. denticulata 3. Basal pinnae similar in length to the following, with the apex long caudate. Scales non-ciliated rhizomatics . . Pteris plumula Dev. 3’. Basal pins much greater in length than the following ones, with the apex not caudate. Rhizomatic scales ciliated ...... ( 4) 4. Lamellae with rachis, coast and consulates with whitish spiny processes . . Pteris inermis (Rosenst.) De la Sota 4’. Lamellae with rachis, coast and consulates without spinous processes . .(5) 5. Margins of the sterile segments conspicuously dentate. Indusos 0.5-5 mm long. . Pteris exigua OGMartínez & J.Prado 5’. Margins of sterile segments whole or very sharply dentate. Indusio 5-12 mm long. . Pteris deflexa Link.

Selaginella P. Beauv. 1. Monomorphic trophiles, helically arranged . Selaginella sellowii Hieron. 1’. Dimorphic trophiles, arranged in four rows . .(2) 2. Stems prostrate, with rhizophores present throughout their length . Selaginella microphylla (Kunth) Spring 2 ‘. Suberect stems, with rhizophores only in their basal part . Selaginella novae-hollandiae (Sw.) Spring

Thelypteris Schmidel 1. Basal pinnae not reduced or the first 2-3 pairs slightly reduced . .(2) 1’. Numerous pairs of gradually reduced basal pinnae (generally more than 4) the last pairs with small pinnae, hastate or auriculate ...... (6) 2. Basal veins of the adjacent segments anastomosed forming a vein excurrente to the sinus . (3) 2’. Free basal veins, conniving or not in the sinus, if anastomosed they do not form an excurrent vein . (4) 3. Naked rhizomes; remote fronds on rhizome; incised pinnae halfway to the coast; with ovate scales on abaxial coast . Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) K. Iwats 3’. Rhizomes erect or creeping, scaly at least at the apex; fronds fasciculate on rhizome; pinnae

576 M. A. Ganem et al. - Helechos y licófitas del PN Calilegua incised to 2/3 or more of the distance from shore, scales absent ...... Thelypteris hispidula (Decne) CFReed 4. Acroscopic basal segments of the pinnae elongated, larger than the following; apex of blade gradually reduced ...... (5) 4’. First pairs of pinnae segments greatly reduced or obsolete; blade apex steeply reduced...... Thelypteris grandis AR Sm. var. kunzeana (Hook.) AR Sm. 5. Complications and glabrous veins adaxially; glabrous rhizomatic scales ...... Thelypteris patens (Sw.) Small var. patens 5’. Hairy or sparsely hairy compost and veins. Hairy rhizomatic scales ...... Thelypteris patens (Sw.) Small var. smithiana Ponce 6. Rchis with fasciculate hairs ...... Thelypteris achalensis (Hieron.) Abbiatti 6 ‘. Spine glabrous or with non-fasciculate hairs ...... (7) 7. Capsule of sporangia with mushrooms ...... Thelypteris concinna (Willd.) Ching 7 ‘. Sporangia capsule glabrous, without setae ...... (8) 8. Soros with Reniform Indusian ...... Thelypteris jujuyensis de la Sota 8 ‘. Naked Soros, without Indusio ...... Thelypteris nubicola de la Sota

Fig. 2. Licofitas and ferns of the Calilegua National Park. A : Phlegmariurus phylicifolius . B : Asplenium claussenii . C : Doryopteris concolor . D : Doryopteris pentagona . Scales: AD: 10 cm.

577 Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 48 (3-4) 2013

Fig. 3. Ferns of the Calilegua National Park. A : Elaphoglossum lindbergii (arrow) and E. piloselloides (double arrow) growing with various species of Hymenophyllum (arrowheads) B : Blechnum yungense . C: Asplenium cuspidatum . D : Pecluma filicula . Scales: A: 5 cm. B-D: 10 cm.

REPRESENTATIVE M ATERIAL STUDIED 758 msm, 7/4/2010, Larsen 130 & Arana (SI, RCV). Asplenium claussenii : El Caimancito oil well ANEMIACEAE area, 5/23/2011, Ganem et al. 17 (JUA, LP, RCV). Anemia australis : Descending from Monolith Asplenium cuspidatum : Road to Mesada de las towards Mesada de las Colmenas, 23 ° 40 ‘58 ”S 64 ° Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 29 (JUA, LP, 54 ‘04 ”W, 1720 msm, 07/04/2010, Larsen 134 & RCV). Asplenium inaequilaterale : Path of Open Arana (SI, RCV). Anemia herzogii : Path Tataupá, from Las Cañas to Mesada de las Colmenas, 23 ° 41 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 36 (JUA, LP). Anemia ‘S 64 ° 54’W, 1650 msm, 11/12/2002, Ramos Giacosa phyllitidis var. phyllitidis : Table of Las Colmenas, et al. 125 (LP). Asplenium lorentzii : Road to Mesada trail of the Waterfall, 1100 msm, 11/12/2002, Ramos de las Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 32 (JUA, LP, Giacosa 117 (LP). RCV). Asplenium monanthes : Serranía de Calilegua, Tolditos, Fabris, Crisci & Petriella 5933 ASPLENIACEAE (LP). Asplenium serra : Aguada de Tigre, 23 ° 41 ‘03 Asplenium argentinum: Tataupá Trail, 2/2009, ”S 64 ° 53’ 40” W, 1630 msm 07/05/10, Larsen 155 & Ramos Giacosa et al. 49 (JUA, LP). Asplenium Arana (SI, RCV). Asplenium squamosum: Road to auritum : Path that joins the road Main with Arroyo Mesada de las Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 31 El Negrito (Path 4) 23 ° 44 ‘ 20 ”S 64 ° 51 ‘14” W, (JUA, LP, RCV).

578 M. A. Ganem et al. - Helechos y licófitas del PN Calilegua

Fig. 4. Ferns of the Calilegua National Park. A : Plecluma oranense . B : Hymenophyllum capurroi . C : Didymoglossum reptans . D : Azolla filiculoides . Scales: A: 10 cm. BD: 3 cm.

ATHYRIACEAE Mesada de las Colmenas to Abra de Cañas, from the Diplazium cristatum: Calilegua, 09/30/1994, Smoked Sota 4408 (LP). Megalastrum adenopteris: Road to 7158 (JUA). Diplazium lilloi: way to Mesada de las Mesada de las Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al. 25 Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 28 (JUA, LP, (JUA, LP, RCV). Megalastrum RCV). pulverulentum: Calilegua, 2/20/1998, Morrone et to the. 2863 (SI). Polystichum montevidense: Path a BLECHNACEAE Mesada de las Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al. 37 Blechnum cordatum: Road to Abra de las Cañas, (JUA, LP, RCV). Polystichum platyphyllum var. 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 45 (JUA, platyphyllum: Sendero el Negrito, 2/2009, Ramos LP). Blechnum laevigatum: Calilegua, 1100 msm, Giacosa et al. 43 (JUA, LP). 11/12/2002. Zuloaga et al. 7548 (SI). Blechnum occidentale : Camino de Aguas Negras to Mesada a Mesada de las Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 38 EQUISETACEAE (JUA, LP, RCV). Elaphoglossum sellowianum: Equisetum bogotense: Road to the deposit of El Aguada de Tigre, 5/25/2011, Ganem et al. 43 (JUA, Caimancito oil, 5/23/2011, Ganem et al. 5 (JUA, LP, LP, RCV). Elaphoglossum yungens: Path from RCV). Equisetum giganteum: Stream Aguas Negras,

579 Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 48 (3-4) 2013

path to La Junta, Ahumada et al. 8515 (JUA). Dennstaedtia globulifera: Wells zone El Caimancito oil field, 5/23/2011, Ganem et al. 14 (JUA, LP, HYMENOPHYLLACEAE RCV). Hypolepis poeppigii : Road from Monolito to Didymoglossum reptans: Near Aguada of Tigre, 23 ° Mesada de las Colmenas, 23 ° 41 ‘08 ”S 64 ° 53’ 47” 41 ‘03 ”S 64 ° 53’ 40” W, 1630 msm, 07/05/10, Larsen W, 1616 msm, 07/05/2010, Larsen 147 & Arana (SI, 161 & Arana (SI, RCV). Hymenophyllum RCV). capurroi: Aguada de Tigre, 02/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 30 (JUA, LP). Hymenophyllum DRYOPTERIDACEAE crispum: Aguada de Tigre, 23 ° 41 ‘03 ”S 64 ° 53’ 40” Bolbitis serratifolia: Sendero Guaraní, 2/2009, Ramos W, 1630 msm 07/05/2010, Larsen 154 & Arana (SI, Giacosa et al. 18 (JUA, LP). Cytenitis RCV). Hymenophyllum polyanthos: Path from submarginalis: Calilegua, Capurro 229 (LIL). Monolith to Mesada de las Colmenas, 23 ° 41 ‘08 ”S Dryopteris patula: Path from Monolith to Colmenas 64 ° 53’ 47” W, 1616 msm, 07/05/2010, Larsen 144 & Table, 23 ° 41 ‘08 ”S 64 ° 53 ‘47 ”W, 1616 msm, Arana (SI, RCV). 7/5/2010, Larsen 146 & Arana (SI, RCV). Dryopteris Hymenophyllum. tunbridgense var. from Cordoba: wallichiana: I walk from Monolito to Mesada de las Aguada de Tigre, 02/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 31 Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 36 (JUA, LP, (JUA, LP). Vandenboschia angustata: Aguada de RCV). Elaphoglossum crassipes: Gouache of Tigre, Tigre, 23 ° 41 ‘03 ”S 64 ° 53’ 40” W, 1630 msm, 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 67 (JUA, 07/05/10, Larsen 152 & Arana (SI, RCV). LP). Elaphoglossum gayanum: Abra Path from Cañas to Mesada de las Colmenas, 23º 41’S 64º 54 ‘W, LYCOPODIACEAE 11/12/2002, Ramos Giacosa 105 Diphasiastrum thyoides: Abra de Las Cañas a Mesada (LP). Elaphoglossum lindbergii: Path from Monolith de las Colmenas, 23º 41’S, 64º 54’W, 1650 msm, towards Mesada de las Colmenas, 23 ° 41 ‘ 08 ”S 64 11/12/2002, Ramos Giacosa 110 (LP). Lycopodium ° 53 ‘47” W, 1616 msm, 7/5/2010, Larsen 149 & clavatum subsp clavatum: Road from Abra de las Arana (SI, RCV). Elaphoglossum lorentzii: Aguada Cañas to Mesada de las Beehives, 23º 41’S 64º 54’W, de Tigre, 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 62 (JUA, 1650 msm, 12/11 / 2002, Ramos Giacosa 109 LP). Elaphoglossum piloselloides: Path 5/24/2011, (LP) . Phlegmariurus phylicifolius: Road to Mesada Ganem et al 40 (JUA, LP, RCV). Phlegmariurus de las Colmenas, de las Colmenas, 11/13/2002, 1100 reflexus: Calilegua, 1670 msm, 3/17/2009, Martínez msm, 23º41’S 64º 52 ‘W, Ramos Giacosa 104 & Chambi 1819 (MCNS). Phlegmariurus (LP). Blechnum sprucei: Abra de las Cañas, de la saururus: Serranía de Calilegua, Cerro Hermoso, Sota 4451 (LP). Blechnum squamipes : Aguada de 3320 msm, 2/19/1965, Fabris 5921 et Crisci & Tigre, 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 37 (JUA, Petriella (LP). Phlegmariurus sotae: Abra de las LP). Blechnum yungense : Road to Abra de las Cañas, Cañas, de la Sota 4424 (LP). 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 60 (JUA, LP). OPHIOGLOSSACEAE CYATHEACEAE Botrychium schaffneri: Near Monolith, Alsophila odonelliana: Dept. Ledesma , Parque mountainside, 1641 msm, 20/4/2008, Gutierrez et Calilegua National, Río de las Piedras, 10/2/1986, al. 615 (LP). Iudica & Ramadori 343 (SI). POLYPODIACEAE CYSTOPTERIDACEAE Campyloneurum aglaolepis: Road to Table de las Cystopteris diaphana: Path from Monolith towards Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 41 (JUA, LP, Mesada de las Colmenas, 23 ° 40 ‘58 ”S 64 ° 54 ‘04 RCV). Campylonerurum nitidum: In riverbed stream ”W 1720, msm, 7/4/2010, Larsen 142 & Arana (SI, under bushes, 11/12/2002, Zuloaga et al 7546 RCV). (SI). Campyloneurum tucumanense: Arroyo Tres Cruces, 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. fifteen (JUA, DENNSTAEDTIACEAE LP). Microgramma squamulosa: Path Tataupá,

580 M. A. Ganem et al. - Helechos y licófitas del PN Calilegua

2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et al. 23 (JUA, LP). Pecluma area oil field El Caimancito, 5/23/2011, Ganem et al filicula: Path that joins the road Main with Arroyo El 9 (JUA, LP, RCV). Pteris exigua: Bosque del Cielo Negrito (Path 4) 23 ° 44 ‘ 20 ”S 64 ° 51 ‘14” W, 758 Trail, 5/25/2011, Ganem et al 47 (JUA, LP, msm, 7/4/2010, Larsen 131 Arana (SI, RCV). Pteris inermis: Path from Monolith towards RCV). Pecluma oranense: Path to Abra de las Cañas, Mesada de las Colmenas, 23 ° 40 ‘ 58 ”S 64 ° 54 ‘04” 1200 msm, 11/11/1975, Schiavone et al 11917c W, 1720 msm, 7/4/2010, Larsen 135 & Arana (SI, (LIL). Pecluma venturii: Aguada de Tigre, February RCV). Pteris plumula: Path of Ledesma to Valle 2009, Ramos Giacosa et to the. 65 (JUA, Grande, 23 ° 42 ‘S 64 ° 51’W, 960 msm, 11/12/2002, LP). Phlebodium aureum: Broken from Arroyo del Ramos Giacosa et al. 123 (LP). Medio, near the border with the Park Nacional Cheilanthes poeppigiana: Serranía de Calilegua, Calilegua, 700-1000 mnm, Tolaba et al. 1866 Tolditos, 2600 msm, 15-17 / 2/1965, Fabris et al. 5738 (JUA). Pleopeltis macrocarpa: Open the Cañas, 1707 (LIL). Doryopteris concolor: Table of the Colmenas, msm, 12/1/1969, Legname & Cuezzo 7250c trail of the Waterfall, 1100 msm, 23 ° 41 ‘S 64 ° 52’W, (LIL). Pleopeltis minima: Tataupá Trail, 2/2009, 11/13/2002, Ramos Giacosa 102 (LP). Doryopteris Ramos Giacosa et al. 22 (JUA, LP). Pleopeltis majestosa: Road to Valley Grande, Mesada de las pleopeltidis: Aguada de Tigre, 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa Colmenas, de la Sota 4481 (GH, LP, US) Doryopteris et al. 34 (JUA, LP). Pleopeltis tweediana: Road to pentagona: Wells area oil field El Caimancito, Mesada de las Colmenas, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 34 5/23/2011 ,: Ganem et al. 10 (JUA, LP, (JUA, LP, RCV). Serpocaulon gilliesii: Aguada de RCV). Hemionitis tomentosa : Path that joins the Tigre, 23 ° 41 ‘03 “ S 64 ° 53 ‘40 ”W, 1630 msm, main road with Arroyo El Negrito (Path 4), 23 ° 44 05/07/2010, Larsen 157 & Arana (SI, RCV). ‘20 ”S 64 ° 51’ 14 ”W, 758 msm, 7/4/2010, Larsen 119 & Arana (YES, RCV). Trachypteris pinnata : Dept. PTERIDACEAE Ledesma , Calilegua National Park, Sierra de Adiantopsis chlorophylla: Countertop Path from the Calilegua, Venturi 5308 Beehives to Abra de las Cañas, de la Sota 4405 (US). Trismeria trifoliata : Path of Aguas Negras to (LP). Adiantum digitatum: Serranía de Calilegua, Mesada de las Colmenas, February 2009, Ramos Alto Calilegua, 2/18/1965, Fabris et to the. 5780 Giacosa et al (JUA, LP). (LIL). Adiantum lorentzii: Near the gazebo, 7/4/2010, 23 ° 45 ‘28 ”S 64 ° 51’ 15” W 680 msm, Larsen 115 SALVINIACEAE & Arana (SI, RCV). Adiantum pectinatum: Oil well Azollla filiculoides: La Lagunita Trail, 2/2009, Ramos area El reservoir Caimancito, 5/23/2011, Ganem et Giacosa et al. 29 (JUA, LP). al. 16 (JUA, LP, RCV). Adiantum poiretii: Road to the deposit El Caimancito, 5/23/2011, Ganem et al. 6 SELAGINELLACEAE (JUA, LP, RCV). Adiantum Selaginella microphylla: Arroyo Tres Cruces, 2/2009, pseudotinctum : Reservoir El Caimancito, 5/23/2011, Ramos Giacosa et al. 17 (JUA, LP). Selaginella Ganem et al. 6A (JUA, LP, RCV). Adiantum novae-hollandiae: Road to Counter de las Colmenas, raddianum: Table of the Colmenas, La Cascada trail, 5/24/2011, Ganem et al 39 (JUA, LP, 1100 msm, 11/13/2002, Ramos Giacosa 113 RCV). Selaginella sellowii: Path of Waters Negras a (LP). Anogramma lorentzii: Forest of Calilegua, Mesada de las Colmenas, 2/2009, Ramos Giacosa et Bartlett 20370 (SI). Argyrochosma al. 11 (JUA, LP). nivea var. flava : Along the road to the old coffe plantation, Bartlett 20378 (GH, US). Argyrochosma THELYPTERIDACEAE nivea var. tenera : Sierra de Calilegua, Abra de Cañas, Macrothelypteris torresiana: Wells area El Fabris 3468 (LP). Pteris cretica: Road from Abra de Caimancito oil field, 5/23/2011, Ganem et al. 48 (JUA, las Cañas to Mesada de Las Colmenas, 23º 41’S 64º LP, RCV). Thelypteris achalensis: Abra de las Cañas, 54 ‘W, 1650 msm, 11/12/2002, Ramos Giacosa 121 de la Sota 4472 (LP). Thelypteris concinna: Path that (LP). Pteris deflexa: Mesada de las Colmenas, Fabris joins the main road with Arroyo El Negrito (Path 4) 3429 (LP). Pteris denticulata var. denticulata: Wells 23 ° 44 ‘20 ”S 64 ° 51’ 14” W 758 msm, 7/4/2010,

581 Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 48 (3-4) 2013

Larsen 128 & Arana (SI, RCV). Thelypteris Arana et al. (2011b), with floristic connections with grandis var . kunzeana: Edge of stream, 1150 msm, the Sierras Pampeanas from the Argentine center and 11/12/2002, Zuloaga et al 7551 (SI). Thelypteris the Sub-Andean Mountains. Further, the biota that hispidula: Oil well area El Caimancito deposit, comprises the Calilegua NP area It has links with the 5/23/2011, Ganem et to the. 19 (JUA, LP, Paranaense subregion, sharing relatively adapted RCV). Thelypteris interrupta: El Caimancito oil well species to xeric environments such as Selaginella area, 5/23/2011, Ganem et al. 21 (JUA, LP, RCV). sellowii and Diphasiastrum thyoides , thus saving the Thelypteris jujuyensis: Mesada de las Beehives at diagonal arid formed by the Chaco subregion, which Abra de las Cañas, de la Sota 4412 (LP). Thelypteris occupies the north and center of Argentina, south of nubicola: Abra de las Cañas, 12/6/1986, Zuloaga 2957 Bolivia, western and central Paraguay, and central and (SI). Thelypteris patens var . patens: Road from northwestern Brazil (Morrone, 2000a). This Aguas Negras to Mesada de las Colmenas, 2/2009, connection has also been established for ferns of the Ramos Giacosa et al. 12 (JUA, LP). Thelypteris genus Asplenium (Ganem et al ., 2007) and even for patens var . smithiana: El Caimancito oil well area, animal groups such as birds, which take advantage of 5/23/2011, Ganem et al. 18 (JUA, LP, RCV). gallery forests along the water courses represented by the Bermejo rivers, Pilcomayo, Paraguay and Paraná WOODSIACEAE (Nores, 1992). Woodsia montevidensis: Serranía de Calilegua, In the recent past, possibly during the interglacial Tolditos, Fabris et al. 5728 (LP). periods of the Quaternary, the subregion Chaqueña was more humid than today and in this way the Paranaense and Yungas jungles covered a larger D ISCUSSION AND C ONCLUSIONS area. It is thus considered that gallery forests would In the Argentine Republic, 91 genera of ferns and constitute relics that show a broader forest distribution lycophytes, with 402 taxa distributed mainly in the (Van der Hammen, 1974), which was gradually NEA, NOA and the Patagonia (Ponce et al. , 2002; fragmented into two parts, one northwest (Yungas) and Zuloaga et al ., 2008). The data obtained in the present one southeast (Paranaense), separated by the diagonal work, 43 genera and 103 specific and infraspecific arid formed by the Chaco Subregion (Morrone & taxa ferns and licofitas in the Calilegua NP, support to Coscarón. 1996; Morrone, 2000b). NOA as one of the areas of greatest diversity ferns and Taking into account the programs conservation of licofitas from Argentina, preceded by the province of biodiversity in Argentina, the Calilegua NP is an area Misiones (NEA), which has 54 genera with 175 taxa of great interest for its geographical location and and followed by Patagonia, with about 34 genera and difficult access, where the flora and fauna are 90 taxa (Ponce et al., 2002) and the Sierras of central generally in very good state of preservation. Argentina, with 42 genres and 86 entities (Arana & In a recent work, Giudice et al . (2011) categorized Bianco, 2011). twelve taxa of ferns that grow in the Park between In the Calilegua NP, the best families represented are: categories 3 and 4 according to their degree of Pteridaceae (11 genera), Dryopteridaceae (6 genera) threat; Pecluma oranense, Thelypteris nubicola, and Polypodiaceae (6 genders). As for the habit, the Alsophila odonelliana and Hymenophyllum predominant is terrestrial (70%), although there is a capurroi, were categorized in level 4, by what the large diversity of epiphytes (20%) and to a lesser environments where these plants grow they deserve extent saxicola species (10%) and aquatic (1%). special protection attention. Taking into account the lycophytes, they have found Thus, the data provided is considered relevant for nine species within the Park, among studies of the flora and fauna of this Park located which Phlegmariurus reflexus reaches its limit within the Yungas (Reserve of the Biosphere) and that southern distribution. The biogeographic pattern Main contribute to zoning planning of the area according to of the Flora of licofitas of the Calilegua NP (Arana et the state of conservation and use required, thus al ., 2011c) supports the existence of Neotropical achieving zones of total protection and sustainable use ancestral biotic component of licofitas established by areas.

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