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Catalonia in Spain. for Democratic Coexistence

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Catalonia in Spain. for Democratic Coexistence 1 Catalonia in Spain. For Democratic Coexistence -).)34%2)/ $%!35.4/3%84%2)/2%3 9$%#//0%2!#). GOBIERNO MINISTERIO DE ESPAÑA DE ASUNTOS EXTERIORES Y DE COOPERACIÓN -).)34%2)/ $%!35.4/3%84%2)/2%3 9$%#//0%2!#). -).)34%2)/ $%!35.4/3%84%2)/2%3 9$%#//0%2!#). Catalonia in Spain. For Democratic Coexistence 7 Contents For Democratic Coexistence .................................................................................................................... 11 I. Dialogue ..................................................................................................................................... 12 II. The Rule of Law and Loyalty to the Institutions .............................................................. 12 III. General Interest ....................................................................................................................... 13 IV. Developments arising from these principles and objectives ........................................ 16 V. For all these reasons, the government, and everybody too, understands that we “have to work on strengthening these bonds” and “flee from confrontations” ...... 20 Appendix ..................................................................................................................................................... 23 1. Political and Constitutional Aspects ............................................................................................ 25 1. 1. The origin of the current political situation in Spain ....................................................... 26 1. 2. Territorial diversity in Spain .................................................................................................. 29 1. 3. The reestablishment of La Generalitat de Cataluña (Catalan Regional Government) ........................................................................................... 34 1. 4. The attitude of the rest of Spain to Catalan demands concerning the Statute of Autonomy ................................................................................................................................. 36 1. 5. The regime of autonomies .................................................................................................... 37 1. 6. The institutional organisation of the Catalan Autonomous Community ................... 38 1. 7. The competences of the Catalan Autonomous Community ........................................ 39 1. 8. The budget and personnel of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia ............... 40 1. 9. The opinion of the university and academic world with regard to the autonomic regime in Spain......................................................................................................................... 41 1. 10. AAttitudes towards the Catalan Statute of Autonomy in Catalonia ............................ 42 1. 11. Attitudes towards the Catalan Statute of Autonomy among the other Spanish political forces ......................................................................................................................... 44 1. 12. Nationalist criticism and defamation of Spain ................................................................. 45 1. 13. The Catalan Parliament’s declaration of sovereignty and right to decide, of the 23 January 2013 and the response of the Government .................................. 46 1. 14. The Rule of Law........................................................................................................................ 49 1. 15. The defence focussed on the values of the Constitution ............................................ 51 1. 16. Amending the Constitution .................................................................................................. 53 1. 17. Support for the historic constitutional pact in Catalonia .............................................. 53 1. 18. Catalonia’s decisive contribution to the Transition ......................................................... 55 1. 19. Respect for what the Catalans have decided .................................................................. 56 1. 20. The so-called democratic principle ..................................................................................... 57 1. 21. But, by chance is there or is there not a radical “no” from the “Spanish State” to the demands of Catalonia, as the Catalan Parliament’s declaration of the 23 January states? ...................................................................................................................... 59 1. 22. The so-called right to decide, but only to decide one thing, and only by some....... 61 2. In the face of globalisation ..............................................................................................67 8 FOR DEMOCRATIC COEXISTENCE 2. 1. What is globalisation? ............................................................................................................ 68 2. 2. The characteristics of globalisation that distinguish it from previous processes of internationalisation ................................................................................................................ 69 2. 3. The changes that globalisation has brought about ....................................................... 70 2. 4. The new world order ............................................................................................................... 75 2. 5. A response to globalisation. The European Union project of integration .................... 76 2. 6. And in these circumstances, is the Nation-State still a necessary institution amidst the triumph of large dimensions without borders? ........................................................ 79 2. 7. Final thoughts .......................................................................................................................... 81 3. International Legal Framework .......................................................................................87 3. 1. Lessons of secession in the free world ............................................................................. 89 3. 2. The principle of territorial integrity..................................................................................... 90 3. 3. The right to self-determination ........................................................................................... 91 3. 4. Secession of states in International Law .......................................................................... 93 3. 5. The right to secession in democratic constitutions ....................................................... 95 3. 6. The cases of Quebec and Scotland .................................................................................... 97 3. 7. The case of Kosovo ................................................................................................................ 98 3. 8. Secession and independence in the legal framework of the European Union .......100 3. 9. Scotland, Catalonia and the EU .........................................................................................107 3. 10. The “Pro-Europe” proclamations of the declaration of sovereignty .........................110 3. 11. Co-operating with Catalonia in the scope of the European Union ............................111 3. 12. The spirit of solidarity and Europe ....................................................................................112 3. 13. The desegregation of states in Europe according to secessionist projects...............113 3. 14. The sign of the times ...........................................................................................................113 4. Historical Aspects ........................................................................................................ 117 4. 1. Introduction ...........................................................................................................................119 4. 2. Who brings dishonour to their own tradition? “I am a Spanish Count they call the Count of Barcelona” ..............................................................................................................122 4. 3. The Middle Ages ....................................................................................................................124 4. 4. The Modern Age ....................................................................................................................130 4. 5. Contemporary Times ............................................................................................................135 4. 6. Nowadays: “Spain against Catalonia”, according to the radical nationalists ..........135 4. 7. Plural Spain: Diversity as an asset ....................................................................................141 4. 8. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................143 5. Cultural Aspects ........................................................................................................... 147 5. 1. Consideration of Catalonia in Spain as a whole ............................................................148 5. 2. “They don’t like us” ...............................................................................................................152 5. 3. Consideration of Spain in Catalonia .................................................................................153 5. 4. In the face of the separatist movement: the best of the best .................................162
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