Transitional Justice in Taiwan and Germany
Transitional Justice in Taiwan and Germany Alexander Pfennig Visiting Scholar, Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica 2019 Taiwan Fellowship Program Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROC (Taiwan) The more we know, the better we forgive. Whoever feels deeply, feels for all who live. Madame de Staël Introduction In downtown Taipei City, in Zhongzheng District, a large white gate is located at Zhongshan South Road, just across the street from the main entrance of Taiwan’s National Central Library. For several decades, the Chinese characters on this gate, the main gate of Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Park (at its western end), meant Gate of Integrity. In 2007, the characters were changed; since then, they read Liberty Square. In June 1990, in East Germany, a whole city that had been known as Karl Marx City since 1953, was renamed Chemnitz, as it had been called since 1630.1 This change of name was the result of a referendum held in April 1990 in which 76 percent of the voters opted for the old name. At that time, Germany was not reunified yet, but East Germany underwent fundamental democratic reforms. Why were these two name changes, in Taiwan in 2007 and in Germany in 1990, deemed necessary and appropriate – and by whom? What had happened in the preceding years? Both Taiwan/the Republic of China (ROC) and East Germany/the German Democratic Republic (GDR) were authoritarian, one-party states2 until the late 1980s. Taiwan and East Germany democratized since then and abolished the one-party system. On 3 October 1990, East Germany merged with West Germany and the country was reunified.
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