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National Identity in a "State" of Limbo: Scale, Surrogation and Identity in Taiwan Daniel Mcgowin

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National Identity in a Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2011 National Identity in a "State" of Limbo: Scale, Surrogation and Identity in Taiwan Daniel McGowin Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES NATIONAL IDENTITY IN A "STATE" OF LIMBO: SCALE, SURROGATION AND IDENTITY IN TAIWAN By DANIEL MCGOWIN A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Geography in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2011 The members of the committee approve the dissertation of Daniel McGowin defended on 31 May 2011. Jonathan Leib Professor Co-Directing Dissertation Lisa Jordan Professor Co-Directing Dissertation Ronald Doel University Representative Jon Anthony Stallins Committee Member Barney Warf Committee Member Approved: Victor Mesev, Chair, Department of Geography David Rasmussen, Dean, College of Social Sciences The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii To Brooke iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I generally avoid acknowledgements for fear of forgetting someone; the people that assisted me know who they are and how much they mean to me. However, with a task this arduous and a result this great, I would be remiss if I did not express gratitude to all of those that helped me along the way. First and foremost, I thank my advisor Dr. Jonathan Leib for being there even when he was more than 600 miles away. Words will never describe how much I appreciate his assistance in guiding me through my dissertation, as well as various hurdles in life that have popped up along the way. His infinite knowledge and considerate guidance, as well as his sense of humor, have allowed me to complete this once-seemingly impossible task. I consider him a friend as well as my advisor and mentor, and he is the only other Montreal Expos fan that I have ever met. Thanks for everything! I would also like to thank my committee members. Dr. Lisa Jordan has been incredibly kind during this process and her willingness to step in during my time of need is greatly appreciated. I also appreciate Dr. Ronald Doel stepping in on such short notice and agreeing to be my outside member. I was struggling to find a "surrogate" and he graciously filled the void. Thank you. I also want to thank Dr. Tony Stallins, who like Dr. Doel graciously stepped in and joined my committee. And finally, I want to thank Dr. Barney Warf for doing what he was born to do -- be critical! His attention to detail has hopefully made this dissertation infinitely better than without his comments. Hopefully in turn he can at least acknowledge that sports have much to contribute to geography and that sports geography is not a "moribund field." If not, I still appreciate his tremendous insight and intelligent humor. There are many other people that I have come into contact with during my time at both the University of Alabama and the Florida State University that deserve recognition. I want to thank Dr. Gerald Webster of the University of Wyoming, who served as my advisor at during my M.S. program at the University of Alabama. He will always be my advisor and I know that if I send him an E-mail at 1:20am that I will likely receive a response at 1:23am. Thanks for iv everything. I also wish to thank Nick Quinton for rapping with me concerning just about any topic...in that sense. Thanks also to my other colleagues at FSU: John Fradel, Mike Sims, Hosuk Lee, Chuck Layman, Michael Widner, Jill Malmstadt, Kelly Stallins, Adam Keul, Kelsey Scheitlin, Veronica Hsu, Scott Chang, and Sophie Wu. I want to thank Dr. Bobby Wilson, Dr. Roberta Webster, Dr. David Shankman, Dr. Lisa Davis, Dr. Victor Mesev, Dr. Tingting Zhao, Dr. Phil Steinberg, Dr. Patrick O'Sullivan, and Dr. Fred Shelley for shaping the path I took in some form or another. I would also like to thank Kim McClellan and Christina Dippre for showing where the true "power" of the department lies. And lastly, I want to thank Brenda Lamb, whose smile and humor always brightened my days in the Bellamy Building; you were definitely my sunshine. While perhaps mundane, I want to thank all the various people, places and things that helped me keep my sanity. Each of the following were my escapisms during these trying times: my best friend Scott Novak and his parents Alice and Jerry for just about everything; Heath Crisler for his deep conversations -- Talib Kweli, my friend; my father Richard McGowin for the discipline and respect that he taught me; my mother Barbara Trice for the vision that I would make it this far; my brothers Chris and Andrew McGowin; Shu-yun Huang and family for helping with child care for Holden; Brent Davenport; the HUSA program for allowing me to spend a year in Japan; the music of Tool; the movies of Kevin Smith; the Moody Waffle House and the waitresses that tolerated us -- Waffle House hashbrowns and raisin toast; NCAA Football ‟99; the members of the Tallahassee Korean Baseball League (Oops); the 2009 Alabama Crimson Tide football team; the Ottawa Senators of the NHL and the Tampa Bay Rays of MLB -- almost won it; and Henrik Urbancyzk for introducing me to the best vodka in the world -- Zubrowka! And to my high school guidance counselor, well, there is a line from the movie "Clerks" that is befitting of you. And finally, I would not be in the position that I am today without my family. My sons Kaelan and Holden have had to go through periods of daddy being transfixed to a computer screen as he tries to rip his own head off while reading many articles. It is over and you can have daddy again! And to my dear wife Pei-hsuan, you are once again my pillar of support. 妳是我生 命的基石。沒有妳一路支持，這本論文將一文不值沒有妳，我將一無所恃。 謝謝您! 我愛你! v TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................. ix CHAPTER ONE - THE BEGINNING ......................................................................................................... 1 Outline of Chapters ................................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER TWO - IDENTIFYING IDENTITY .......................................................................................... 9 Identity Construction and Geography ..................................................................................................... 10 Casing the Case Studies .......................................................................................................................... 18 Public Memory and Cultural Landscape ............................................................................................. 19 Electoral Geography and Identity ....................................................................................................... 21 Sports Identity ..................................................................................................................................... 24 Tying One On: Scale, Surrogation and Taiwanese Identity .................................................................... 27 Politics of Scale, or Scaling of Politics ............................................................................................... 27 Finding a Surrogate: Surrogation and Identity .................................................................................... 34 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................. 38 CHAPTER THREE - METHODS TO THE MADNESS ........................................................................... 40 Case Studies ............................................................................................................................................ 41 Case Study 1: National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall ................................................................... 44 Case Study 2: Presidential Elections in Taiwan .................................................................................. 44 Case Study 3: International Sports and Taiwan .................................................................................. 45 Methods and Measures ........................................................................................................................... 46 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................. 48 CHAPTER FOUR - ADDITION BY SUBTRACTION: THE RENAMING OF THE CHIANG KAI- SHEK MEMORIAL HALL ........................................................................................................................ 50 The Legacy of Chiang Kai-shek ............................................................................................................. 51 The Founding of the (National) Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall .......................................................... 53 Renaming of CKS Memorial Hall .......................................................................................................... 55 Back to the Future: Renaming the National Taiwan Democracy Hall ...................................................
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