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Lateral Supraorbital Approach - Simple, Clean, and Preserving Normal Anatomy

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Lateral Supraorbital Approach - Simple, Clean, and Preserving Normal Anatomy From the Department of Neurosurgery Helsinki University Central Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Lateral Supraorbital Approach - Simple, Clean, and Preserving Normal Anatomy Rossana Romani Academic Dissertation To be presented with the permission of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Helsinki For Public Discussion in the Lecture Hall 1 of Töölö Hospital, Helsinki On November 11th, 2011 at 12.00 o’clock noon Helsinki 2011 1 Supervised by: Juha Hernesniemi, M.D., Ph.D., Professor and Chairman Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Aki Laakso, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Marko Kangasniemi, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Reviewed by: Esa Heikkinen, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor Department of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland Esa Kotilainen, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland To be discussed with: Roberto Delfini, M.D., Ph.D., Professor and Chairman of Neurosurgery Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Rome, “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy 1st Edition 2011 © Rossana Romani 2011 Cover Drawings: Front © Rossana Romani 2011, Back © Roberto Crosa 2011 ISBN 978-952-10-7253-6 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-10-7254-3 (PDF) http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/ Unigrafia Helsinki Helsinki 2011 2 To my mother 3 Author’s contact information: Rossana Romani Department of Neurosurgery Helsinki University Central Hospital Topeliuksenkatu 5 00260 Helsinki Finland Mobile: +358 50 427 0718 Fax: +358 9 471 87560 e-mail: [email protected] 4 Table of Contents ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................ 9 ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................. 12 LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS ................................................................................ 13 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 14 2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE..................................................................................... 15 History of Craniotomy ......................................................................................................................................... 15 Pre-Historic and Classic Eras............................................................................................................................. 15 Neolithic Era (8000 BC) ............................................................................................................................... 15 Classic Era.................................................................................................................................................... 16 Medieval Period ................................................................................................................................................ 18 Renaissance and the 18th Century....................................................................................................................... 18 19th Century and the Osteoplastic Craniotomy.................................................................................................... 18 Fedor Krause and the Unilateral Frontal Osteoplastic Craniotomy.................................................................. 19 Sir Victor Horsley: From the Transfrontal Route to the Subtemporal Approach.............................................. 20 Francesco Durante: The First Olfactory Groove Meningioma Surgery through Unilateral Frontal Osteoplastic Craniotomy................................................................................................................................................... 20 20th Century and the Macrosurgical Period......................................................................................................... 21 Cushing and “The Special Field of Neurological Surgery”............................................................................. 21 Ludvig Puusepp and the First School of Surgical Neurology.......................................................................... 22 Otto George Theobald Kiliani and the Bifrontal Osteoplastic Craniotomy...................................................... 23 Louis Linn McArthur and Charles Frazier and the First Fronto-Orbital Osteoplastic Craniotomy.................... 23 Walter Dandy and the Frontotemporal Craniotomy........................................................................................ 24 The Leadership of Herbert Olivecrona........................................................................................................... 26 Aarno Snellman and the Craniotomy in Finland............................................................................................. 29 20th Century and the Microsurgical Leadership of Ya2argil................................................................................. 34 Microsurgical Anatomy of Anterior Skull Base .................................................................................................. 36 Bone Structures................................................................................................................................................. 36 Anterior Cranial Fossa .................................................................................................................................. 36 Lamina Cribrosa of the Ethmoid Bone........................................................................................................... 36 Olfactory Fossa............................................................................................................................................. 37 Sphenoid Bone ............................................................................................................................................. 37 Superior Orbital Fissure................................................................................................................................ 38 Anterior Clinoid Process ............................................................................................................................... 38 Vascular and Dural Structures............................................................................................................................ 39 Ophthalmic Segment of the ICA and Dural Rings.......................................................................................... 39 Arterial Supply to the Dura Mater of the Anterior Cranial Fossa .................................................................... 40 Arterial Supply to the Dura of the Anterior Clinoid Process........................................................................... 41 Classical Approaches to Anterior Skull Base...................................................................................................... 42 Pterional Approach ....................................................................................................................................... 42 Fronto-Orbital and Fronto-Orbitozygomatic Approaches ............................................................................... 43 Bifrontal Approach ....................................................................................................................................... 45 Frontolateral Approach ................................................................................................................................. 46 Meningiomas: General Concepts ....................................................................................................................... 47 General Principles of Meningioma Surgery........................................................................................................ 47 Clinical Characteristics of Olfactory Groove, Anterior Clinoidal, and Tuberculum Sellae Meningiomas ............. 48 Microsurgical Treatment of OGM, ACM, and TSM through Classical Surgical Approaches ............................... 50 Olfactory Groove Meningiomas.................................................................................................................... 50 5 Anterior Clinoidal Meningiomas................................................................................................................... 53 Tuberculum Sellae Meningiomas .................................................................................................................. 56 Outcome of OGM, ACM, and TSM through Pterional, Orbitozygomatic, and Bifrontal Approaches................... 59 Olfactory Groove Meningiomas.................................................................................................................... 59 Anterior Clinoidal Meningiomas................................................................................................................... 60 Tuberculum Sellae Meningiomas .................................................................................................................. 61 Recurrences of OGM, ACM, and TSM when Using Classical Approaches ......................................................... 62 Anterior Clinoidectomy ......................................................................................................................................
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