THE JOHN M. LAMB COLLECTION

Photo courtesy of the Daily Southtown Professor Emeritus John M. Lamb

______September 2004 THE JOHN M. LAMB COLLECTION The Collected Works of Historian John M. Lamb: The History of the and Canal and Related Subjects

© 2004 John M. Lamb Published by Lewis University

THE JOHN M. LAMB COLLECTION

The Collected Works of Historian John M. Lamb: The History of the Illinois and Michigan Canal and Related Subjects

Contents

FOREWORD ...... vii

Brother James Gaffney, FSC, President of Lewis University

Acknowledgments ...... ix

Introduction ...... xi

Charlene Giardina and Mary Ann Atkins

Documents by Date ...... xiii

Documents by Subject ...... xv

Annotated Bibliography by Date ...... xvii

Foreword

Professor John Lamb has created a scholarly collection, housed in the Lewis University Library, which is known and recognized nationally and internationally. The University is pleased to be the repository of what has become the largest compilation in the country of historic material devoted to the inland canals of America in the 19th and 20th centuries. It is a center of distinction for the University and reflects our substantial commitment to scholarly research and community service.

Professor Lamb came to the University in 1956, shortly after completing an advanced degree at Fordham University and later studying for two additional years at Oxford University in England, and served for almost four decades as a history professor. John developed an interest in the rich local history of the region, especially the Illinois and Michigan Canal and its impact on the growth and development of and the State. A sizeable personal collection of books, maps, manuscripts, photographs, models, artifacts, and other primary research materials has accrued over the years.

John has produced more than fifty articles and presentations and two books on the history of the Canal and of the region. His writings explore range of social, cultural, business, and legal history. John’s articles have appeared in scholarly journals such as Chicago History and the Journal of the Illinois Historical Society and in the local Lockport Free Press.

Taking a leading role in preservation efforts for Will County and along the Canal, he helped to spearhead the movement that eventually led to the creation of the Illinois and Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor in 1984. In that same year John established the I & M Canal Regional History Special Collection with his donation, and a special facility was created in the Lewis University Library to house it. Today the Collection consists of more than 10,000 items, many of which may now be accessed through the Collection’s web site http://imcanal.lewisu.edu. Even in retirement John continues as the volunteer Director of the Collection.

John has been recognized for his scholarship, service, and advocacy of historic preservation. In 1999 Lewis University conferred an Honorary Doctoral Degree on John. The De La Salle Christian Brothers, the sponsoring order of Lewis University, presented him with the LaSallian Award in 1994. His other honors include Preservationist of the Year by the Illinois Association of Historic Preservation Commissions.

This collection of John’s writings is a remarkable testimony to his profession as an historian and to his person commitment to preserving the memory of the extraordinary achievements of those who built and promoted the I & M Canal. Thank you to Char Giardina, Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Laura Patterson, Director of Library Services at Lewis University, and Mary Ann Atkins, Special Collections Librarian at Lewis University for assembling this collection. As you read through John’s body of work, you will learn about the growth and development of this region and perhaps you will be inspired to sustain John’s work to preserve and appreciate the historical record.

Brother James Gaffney, FSC President of Lewis University Acknowledgments

Thanks are extended to the following for permission reprint articles: Editors of American Canals, Faye Steingold Yates of The Wetlands Initiative, and John Shoulberg of The Waterways Journal Weekly.

Special thanks go to artists Kathleen Farrell and Kathleen Scarboro for permission to reproduce the Sesquicentennial poster with the likeness of the author.

ntroduction I The Collection The John M. Lamb Collection meets the needs of an increasing number of researchers who seek a comprehensive and easily accessible body of work on the Illinois and Michigan Canal and related subjects. Dr. Lamb has distinguished himself as the foremost I&M Canal historian with over 50 works to his credit. Covering virtually all relevant topics, Dr. Lamb coveys the significance of the subject in a manner that speaks to seasoned scholars, young students and history buffs alike. Dr. Lamb’s work is essential to understanding the connection between local, regional and national history. Organized and made accessible, The John M. Lamb Collection is a valuable resource for present and future generations. ______Editors Note Any changes to the original typescripts and articles have been made with the approval of the author. Some documents are scanned in whole or in part. ______Collection Updates Over time the collection may be updated with the approval of the author. ______Project Participants The Collection has been prepared with the cooperation of Dr. John M. Lamb. Mary Ann Atkins, Lewis University Librarian, has served as the technical coordinator and web publisher. Judith Richardson (retired executive secretary, Argonne National Laboratory) has been the chief typist and proofreader. College intern Carrie Tarasuk helped initiate the project with Charlene Giardina, who prepared the drafts. Lewis University published the collection in its printed format. ______Charlene Giardina Mary Ann Atkins Illinois Department of Natural Resources Lewis University Phone: 815-942-9501 One University Parkway Romeoville, IL 60446 Phone: 815.836.5665 Email: [email protected]

DOCUMENTS BY DATE PAGE

1. Seek to Preserve Historic Waterway ...... 1 2. Lockport, Home of the First Steel Plow ...... 9 3. Ill. & Mich. Canal Annual Commissioner’s Reports 1825-1916...... 11 4. Illinois-Michigan Canal Restoration Under Way ...... 18 5. Early Days on the Illinois & Michigan Canal...... 21 6. The Great Canal Scrip Fraud...... 30 7. The Illinois and Michigan Canal and Other Illinois Inland Waterways ...... 35 8. Valley Greatest Influence on Area ...... 42 9. John Lane and the First Steel Plow ...... 44 10. Many ‘Firsts’ Occurred in 1830s...... 47 11. Lockport Viewed by 1840s Visitor ...... 50 12. Lack of Funds Dashes 1840s Hopes...... 52 13. Ill Wind Blew Down Early Canal...... 54 14. Around the Tree - Circa 1860...... 56 15. Homer, Lockport Always Close ...... 58 16. Lockport as Financial Center...... 60 17. ‘Drunken, Dirty’ Irish Build Canal...... 62 18. I & M Boatyard Saw Heavy Use...... 65 19. ‘Culture’ Came to Lockport in 1850 ...... 67 20. 1850s Town Had Many Businesses...... 69 21. Canal Boats on the Illinois and Michigan Canal ...... 71 22. Lockport’s Old Central Grade School Building ...... 85 23. The Kankakee Navigation ...... 86 24. Kankakee and Iroquois River Improvement...... 87 25. The ‘City of Pekin’ Story ...... 96 26. The Politics of Transportation ...... 105 27. I & M Canal Locks...... 114 28. Illinois and Michigan Canal ...... 127 29. William Gooding, Chief Engineer, I. & M. Canal...... 131 30. The Chicago and Kankakee-Portages: A Comparison, 1673-1848 ...... 144 31. Illinois Waterway: Its 310 Year History...... 156 32. Waterway Observes Its 50th Anniversary ...... 159 33. The Illinois and Michigan Canal and Town Development in Northern Illinois ...... 162 34. People in Public Works ...... 169 35. I & M Canal National Heritage Corridor...... 172 36. Decoys and Decoy Carvers from the Illinois & Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor ...... 174 37. I & M Canal 1836-1986: A Corridor in Time See booklet in pocket of binder. Also see http://imcanal.lewisu.edu 38. Measuring a Vision: The Mapping of Chicago’s Waterways Available through the Lewis University Library. 39. Landscape, Townscape and Canalscape on the I. & M. Canal Corridor ...... 180 40. Main Street Along the Illinois and Michigan Canal ...... 189 41. Seeing the Land...... 190 42. Traveling by Water Across Illinois from the 17th Century to the 20th Century...... 218 43. The Architecture of Punishment: Jeremy Bentham, Michael Foucalt and the Construction of Stateville Penitentiary, Illinois ...... 230 44. The Canals of Northern Illinois and Their Impact on Settlement and Economic Development ...... 243 45. Canal Boats on the Illinois and Michigan Canal. A Special Exhibit ...... 249 46. Chicago: The Hydraulic City and Its Environmental Impact...... 255

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47. News and Historical Notes from Mainstreet Lockport ...... 267 48. Joliet Limestone: The Rise and Fall of a Nineteenth Century Building Material and Its Architectural Impact on the Joliet, Illinois Area ...... 268 49. The Historic House & Garden: Buildings and Period Landscapes of Lockport, Illinois Available through the Lewis University Library. 50. Historic Preservation in the Lockport, Illinois Commercial Downtown...... 275 51. Lockport Illinois: The Old Canal Town. Images of America Available through the Lewis University Library. 52. Downtown Lockport: Self-guided Walking Tour See brochure in pocket of binder. 53. Tracing History: Maps of the Illinois River Since 1673...... 277 54. The Architecture of the Grain Trade and the Illinois and Michigan Canal...... 285 55. Illinois and Michigan Canal published in The Encyclopedia of Chicago, 2004. Can be viewed at http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org 56. Lockport, Illinois in published in The Encyclopedia of Chicago, 2004. Can be viewed at http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org

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DOCUMENTS BY SUBJECT PAGE John M. Lamb

CANAL BOATS AND BOAT TRAVEL Early Days on the Illinois & Michigan Canal...... 21 Canal Boats on the Illinois and Michigan Canal...... 71 The ‘City of Pekin’ Story...... 96 Canal Boats on the Illinois and Michigan Canal. A Special Exhibit ...... 249

CANAL FINANCES AND POLITICS The Great Canal Scrip Fraud ...... 30 Lack of Funds Dashes 1840s Hopes ...... 52 Lockport as Financial Center...... 60 The Politics of Transportation ...... 105 William Gooding, Chief Engineer, I. & M. Canal...... 131 People in Public Works ...... 169

CANAL HISTORICAL OVERVIEW Illinois and Michigan Canal...... 127 I & M Canal 1836-1986: A Corridor in Time See book in pocket of binder. Also see http://imcanal.lewisu.edu Illinois and Michigan Canal published in The Encyclopedia of Chicago, 2004. Can be viewed at http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org CANAL LOCKS I & M Canal Locks ...... 114

CANAL PARKWAYS AND PRESERVATION Seek to Preserve Historic Waterway...... 1 Illinois-Michigan Canal Restoration Under Way ...... 18 Illinois Waterway: Its 310 Year History...... 156 Waterway Observes Its 50th Anniversary ...... 159 I & M Canal National Heritage Corridor...... 172 Main Street Along the Illinois and Michigan Canal ...... 189 News and Historical Notes from Mainstreet Lockport ...... 267 Historic Preservation in the Lockport, Illinois Commercial Downtown...... 275

CANAL TOWN DEVELOPMENT The Illinois and Michigan Canal and Town Development in Northern Illinois...... 162 Landscape, Townscape and Canalscape on the I. & M. Canal Corridor...... 180 The Canals of Northern Illinois and Their Impact on Settlement and Economic Development ...... 243

CANAL REPORTS Ill. & Mich. Canal Annual Commissioner’s Reports 1825-1916...... 11

FOLK ART-DUCK DECOYS Decoys and Decoy Carvers from the Illinois & Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor...... 174

GRAIN TRADE The Architecture of the Grain Trade and the Illinois and Michigan Canal...... 285

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ILLINOIS WATERWAYS The Illinois and Michigan Canal and Other Illinois Inland Waterways...... 35 The Kankakee Navigation ...... 86 Kankakee and Iroquois River Improvement ...... 87 The Chicago and Kankakee-Portages: A Comparison, 1673-1848...... 144 Measuring a Vision: The Mapping of Chicago’s Waterways Available through the Lewis University Library. Seeing the Land ...... 190 Traveling by Water Across Illinois from the 17th Century to the 20th Century...... 218 Chicago: the Hydraulic City and Its Environmental Impact ...... 255 Tracing History: Maps of the Illinois River Since 1673 ...... 277

LIMESTONE Joliet Limestone: The Rise and Fall of a Nineteenth Century Building Material and Its Architectural Impact on the Joliet, Illinois Area...... 268

LOCKPORT Lockport, Home of the First Steel Plow ...... 9 Valley Greatest Influence on Area...... 42 John Lane and the First Steel Plow...... 44 Many ‘Firsts’ Occurred in 1830s ...... 47 Lockport Viewed by 1840s Visitor...... 50 Lack of Funds Dashes 1840s Hopes ...... 52 Ill Wind Blew Down Early Canal...... 54 Around the Tree - Circa 1860...... 56 Homer, Lockport Always Close ...... 58 Lockport as Financial Center...... 60 ‘Drunken, Dirty’ Irish Build Canal...... 62 I & M Boatyard Saw Heavy Use ...... 65 ‘Culture’ Came to Lockport in 1850...... 67 1850s Town Had Many Businesses ...... 69 Lockport’s Old Central Grade School Building...... 85 The Historic House & Garden: Buildings and Period Landscapes of Lockport, Illinois Available through the Lewis University Library. Historic Preservation in the Lockport, Illinois, Commercial Downtown...... 275 Lockport Illinois: The Old Canal Town. Images of America Available through the Lewis University Library. Downtown Lockport: Self-guided Walking Tour See brochure in pocket of binder. Lockport, Illinois in published in The Encyclopedia of Chicago, 2004. Can be viewed at http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org

STATEVILLE PENITENTIARY The Architecture of Punishment: Jeremy Bentham, Michael Foucalt and the Construction of Stateville Penitentiary, Illinois...... 230

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ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY BY DATE

Lamb, John M.

1966 “Seek to Preserve Historic Waterway.” Outdoor Illinois. (April 1966): 22-29. Significance of the canal and efforts by a grassroots movement to preserve it as a state parkway. 1968 “Lockport, Home of the First Steel Plow.” Graphic . (March 14, 1968): 14. Origin of the first steel plow, its construction, operation, and significance. 1970 Ill. & Mich. Canal Annual Commissioner’s Reports 1825-1916: Annual Reports Issued by the Illinois and Michigan Canal Authorities and the Library Collections in which They are Located. Lockport, Ill.: Illinois Canal Society, no. 1, 1970. 7 pages. A list of reports and where they are housed. 1974 “Illinois-Michigan Canal Restoration Under Way.” American Canals Bulletin of the American Canal Society, no. 8, (Feb. 1974): 1. A report on the progress of rehabilitating the canal as a parkway. 1974 “Early Days on the Illinois & Michigan Canal.” Chicago History. The magazine of the Chicago Historical Society Series II, no. 3 (Winter 1974-75): 168-176. An analysis of canal traffic and its problems. Many first-person accounts. 1977 “The Great Canal Scrip Fraud.” The Magazine of Illinois 16, no. 9 (Nov. 1977): 57-60. An examination of the financial difficulties in constructing the state’s first canals, roads and railroads. Former Governor Joel Matteson’ involvement in the scrip fraud. 1978 “The Illinois and Michigan Canal and Other Illinois Inland Waterways.” Nautical Research Journal 24, no. 2 (June 1978): 73-80. The I & M Canal in relation to other Illinois waterways. 1978 “Valley Greatest Influence on Area.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. Anthropological, archeological and ecological elements of the Des Plaines Valley. 1978 “John Lane and the First Steel Plow.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. Lane’s plow and a comparison to others of the time period. 1978 “Many ‘Firsts’ Occurred in 1830s.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. The important natural resources of the area, early settlement and the development of Lockport’s first pioneers, church, etc., after the canal opened. 1978 “Lockport Viewed by 1840s Visitor.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. Early travelers’ accounts of travel through the canal landscape. Prairie fires, canal lock and lodging accommodations. 1978 “Lack of Funds Dashes 1840s Hopes.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. The struggle to start the canal and the rush to finish the navigable waterway. Lockport's dominant role in canal history. 1978 “Ill Wind Blew Down Early Canal.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. Why the canal sparked disputes between Lockport and Joliet. 1978 “Around the Tree - Circa 1860." Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. Christmas customs in Lockport and how they changed as society changed. xvii

1978 “Homer, Lockport Always Close.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. The history of Homer and Lockport from their intertwined beginnings to the differences that caused them to divide into two separate, yet related entities. 1978 “Lockport as Financial Center.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. An introduction to Lockport as Northern Illinois' financial center in the 1830s and ‘40s. The impact currency had on state finances even after the canal's heyday. 1978 “ ‘Drunken, Dirty’ Irish Build Canal.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. The crucial role played by the Irish in building the canal and why they were despised. 1978 “I & M Boatyard Saw Heavy Use.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. The importance of Lockport's only boat-yard along the canal and how it operated. 1978 “ ‘Culture’ Came to Lockport in 1850.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. An English officer’s experience at a Lockport hotel. Mixed reviews of local concert performances. 1978 “1850s Town Had Many Businesses.” Lockport Free Press. “Old Canal Days” Special, 15 June 1978. Details on the nature of the frontier marketplace in 1850s Lockport. 1978 “Canal Boats on the Illinois and Michigan Canal.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 71, no. 3 (August 1978): 211-224. First-person narratives with details about passenger and freight boat travel. 1979 “Lockport’s Old Central Grade School Building.” Historic Illinois vol.1, no. 6 (April 1979): 15. The author as president of the Lockport Historic Preservation Commission reports on saving an important limestone building. 1979 “The Kankakee Navigation.” American Canals. Bulletin of the American Canal Society no. 29 (May 1979): 4. Why efforts failed to make the Kankakee River navigable from the I & M Canal to the border. 1979 Kankakee and Iroquois River Improvement. Lockport, Ill.: Illinois Canal Society, 1979. 12 pages. Why Kankakee, a city planned to be a great success, resulted in disappointment. 1980 “The ‘City of Pekin’ Story.” Lockport, Ill.: Illinois Canal Society, 1980. 11 pages. Documentation rarely found on the topic of canal boats. How the boat was modified from a mule- drawn boat on the I & M Canal to a steam vessel used on the Illinois River. The failure to preserve the boat for interpretation.

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1980 “The Politics of Transportation.” Selected Papers in Illinois History, 1980: Inaugural Illinois History Symposium. Paper read in 1980 and published in Springfield, Illinois by the Illinois State Historical Society in 1982, pages 17-23. Political intrigue, rivalry for state jobs and competition between canal and railroad supporters. 1981 I & M Canal Locks. Lockport, Ill.: Illinois Canal Society, no. 4, 1981. 16 pages. Description of selected locks along the I & M Canal.

1982 “Illinois and Michigan Canal.” Towpaths to Tugboats: A History of American Canal Engineering. American Canal Society, May 1982: 44-47. An overview of the history of the I & M Canal from the vision of explorers Jolliet and Marquette through planning, construction, operation and decline. 1982 William Gooding, Chief Engineer, I. & M. Canal. Lockport, Ill.: Illinois Canal Society, no. 5, 1982. 20 pages. The story of William Gooding with an emphasis on politics and the relentless challenge to his career as chief engineer on the canal. 1982 The Chicago and Kankakee-Portages: A Comparison, 1673-1848. A paper delivered at the 1982 Illinois History Symposium, edited by H. H. Pope, Springfield, Ill. Published in 1983 by the Illinois Canal Society, Lockport, Ill.. 12 pages. Detailed physical description, use, and comparison of the portages. 1983 “Illinois Waterway: Its 310 Year History.” The Waterways Journal Weekly (August 27, 1983): 8. First of two parts: integrates the history of the Illinois Waterway with the Illinois and Michigan Canal. Second part appears in the September 3, 1983, issue. Reprinted courtesy of The Waterways Journal Weekly. 1983 “Waterway Observes Its 50th Anniversary.” The Waterways Journal Weekly (September 3, 1983): 5. Second of two parts: Integrates the history of the Illinois Waterway with the Illinois and Michigan Canal. First part appears in the August 27, 1983 issue. Reprinted courtesy of The Waterways Journal Weekly 1984 “The Illinois and Michigan Canal and Town Development in Northern Illinois.” In Proceedings of The Center for Canal History and Technology, Symposium 3, edited by Lance E. Metz, 3-11. Easton, PA., March 31, 1984. How the canal’s location influenced land development and patterns of growth. 1985 “People in Public Works.” APWA Reporter. (December 1985): 5-6. William Gooding's responses to the challenges he faced as Chief Engineer of the I & M Canal. 1985 “I & M Canal National Heritage Corridor.” American Canals. Bulletin of the American Canal Society no. 54 (August 1985): 6. A progress report on the nation’s first national heritage corridor. Legislation enacted, studies commissioned and recreational trails developed. 1986 Decoys and Decoy Carvers from the Illinois & Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor. A paper to accompany a Folk Art Exhibit, January 26 - February 26, 1986. Lewis University Library, Romeoville, Ill., 1986. 6 pages. A paper to accompany an exhibit of decoy carvings. The importance of this kind of folk art to the local culture. Descriptions of four local carvers and their work.

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1987 I & M Canal 1836-1986: A Corridor in Time. Romeoville, Ill.: Lewis University, 1987. 30 pages. Concise overview from the Ice Age to the present. See booklet in pocket of binder. Also see http://imcanal.lewisu.edu 1988 Hahn, Cheryl, Maureen A. Flanagan, John Lamb, and David Buisseret. Measuring a Vision: The Mapping of Chicago’s Waterways. An Exhibition Using Materials Drawn from Lewis University Archives and from the . Chicago: Newberry Library, May 1988. 36 pages. Available through the Lewis University Library. 1988 “Landscape, Townscape and Canalscape on the I. & M. Canal Corridor.” A paper read at the Illinois State Symposium, December 1988. 9 pages. Explores the shape of the corridor before and after canals, railroads and town development.

1989 “Main Street Along the Illinois and Michigan Canal.” American Canals. Bulletin of the American Canal Society February, 1989. The Main Street program and other efforts to restore not only main streets, but also other sections of town for active social, economic and educational use. 1989 Seeing the Land. (April 2 - May 22, 1989). Lewis University, Romeoville, 1989. 28 pages. An introduction to an exhibit of the Lewis University Art Gallery on the landscape before and after development of the I & M Canal National Heritage Corridor. Maps and landscape art from 1824 to the present. 1989 “Traveling by Water Across Illinois from the 17th Century to the 20th Century.” A paper read at the Midwest History Association held in St. Louis, Mo., 1989. 19 pages. Illinois waterways discovered, developed and exploited through time. Various ships and boats and first-person narratives. 1990 “The Architecture of Punishment: Jeremy Bentham, Michael Foucalt and the Construction of Stateville Penitentiary, Illinois.” Typed manuscript. 13 pages. Developing a system of corrections in the late 18th century and changes that the system has endured over time. 1990 “The Canals of Northern Illinois and Their Impact on Settlement and Economic Development.” A paper delivered at the annual meeting of the Pioneer Society of America, 1990. 6 pages. The significance of transportation to Illinois’ history and its effect on the development of the state. 1993 Canal Boats on the Illinois and Michigan Canal. A Special Exhibit. Presented at Lewis University Library, March 4 - June 7, 1993. Published at Romeoville, Ill.: Lewis University, 1993. 6 pages. An introduction to a model boat exhibit with text and images. The “Niagara,” the last boat to go the entire distance and pay all tolls. The “City of Pekin” and the Foster family. Engineer Gooding’s letter to his wife describing his trip on the “raging canal.” 1994 “Chicago: the Hydraulic City and Its Environmental Impact.” A paper delivered at the 15th Annual Illinois History Symposium of the Illinois State Historical Society, December 2, 1994. 12 pages. An examination of Chicago’s relationship to natural and manmade waterways. 1997 “News and Historical Notes from Mainstreet Lockport.” Town Talk Accent. Copley Newspapers (June 4, 1997): 5. An update on town events and an 1836 advertisement to promote land sales in Lockport, placed by the area’s first settler.

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1997 Joliet Limestone: The Rise and Fall of a Nineteenth Century Building Material and Its Architectural Impact on the Joliet, Illinois Area. Quarterly Publication. Lockport, Ill.: Will County Historical Society, Winter 1997. 7 pages. The development of limestone, its use as a building material.

1998 Lamb, John M. and Nina Koziol. The Historic House & Garden: Buildings and Period Landscapes of Lockport, Illinois. City of Lockport Heritage and Architecture Commission, 1998. 20 pages. A booklet financed in part by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Available through the Lewis University Library.

1999 “Historic Preservation in the Lockport, Illinois Commercial Downtown.” The Commissioner. Newsletter of the Illinois Association of Historic Preservation Commissions Winter 1999. A decade of dramatic economic and physical renovation in downtown Lockport. Community morale and historical significance to the nation.

1999 Lockport Illinois: The Old Canal Town. Images of America. (Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 1997): 128 pages. Lockport's transportation, religion, social and economic highlights from the late 1860s to the early 20th century. Available through the Lewis University Library. 2000 Downtown Lockport: Self-guided Walking Tour. Brochure, published by Main Street Lockport, Inc., 2000. This brochure guides tourists to various sites, resources and attractions in downtown Lockport and describes their significance. See brochure in pocket of binder. 2001 “Tracing History: Maps of the Illinois River Since 1673.” Wetland Matters Newsletter of The Wetlands Initiative, November 2001. 8 pages. The importance of a select group of maps as a tool to consider what the map makers viewed as significant at a particular point in time. Reprinted courtesy of The Wetlands Initiative. 2002 The Architecture of the Grain Trade and the Illinois and Michigan Canal. A paper read at the annual meeting of the Pioneer of America Society, 2002. 4 pages. The best preserved grain facilities along the canal. Construction materials and sources of power from the 1840s to the present. Influence on weighing, storing and measuring grain. 2004 “Illinois and Michigan Canal” in James R. Grossman, Ann Durkin Keating, and Janice L. Reiff , eds., The Encyclopedia of Chicago ( Press, 2004). Can be viewed at http://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org 2004 “Lockport, Illinois” in James R. Grossman, Ann Durkin Keating, and Janice L. Reiff, eds., The Encyclopedia of Chicago (University of Chicago Press, 2004). Can be viewed at http://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org

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